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Tamiya J, Sakaguchi W, Nakagawa K, Yamamoto T, Saruta J, Kubota N, Kawata A, Hasegawa I, Hamada N, Tsukinoki K. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and Its Related Factors on the Mucosal Epithelium of the Tongue. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2023; 56:29-37. [PMID: 37124954 PMCID: PMC10139837 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.22-00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infects a variety of tissues, including the oral cavity. However, there are few reports examining the association of SARS-CoV-2 with tongue mucosal tissues with sticky tongue debris. This study investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and its associated molecules by dissecting tongue tissue from autopsy specimens of 23 patients who died of COVID-19-related illness (pneumonia). Immunohistochemical staining, electron microscopy, and PCR analysis were performed on the tongue tissue specimens. The mucosal epithelium of the tongue formed a very thick keratinized with well-developed filiform papillae in all cases. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were consistently co-expressed in all samples in the epithelium. The S-protein was strongly expressed in basal cells and the epithelial surface. S-protein-positive viral particles were detected in the tongue's stratified squamous epithelium via an immunoelectron microscope. Based on PCR amplification of the N1 and N2 regions, the SARS-CoV-2 gene was detected on the tongue epithelium, tongue submucosa, and in tongue debris. This suggests that tongue debris, including the squamous epithelial tissue, could be a source of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva. Furthermore, removing tongue debris may decrease the amount of SARS-CoV-2 in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tamiya
- Department of Pathology and Histomorphology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238–8580, Japan
| | - Wakako Sakaguchi
- Department of Pathology and Histomorphology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238–8580, Japan
| | - Kimiko Nakagawa
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238–8580, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Yamamoto
- Department of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238–8580, Japan
| | - Juri Saruta
- Department of Education Planning, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238–8580, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Kubota
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238–8580, Japan
| | - Akira Kawata
- Department of Pathology and Histomorphology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238–8580, Japan
| | - Iwao Hasegawa
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238–8580, Japan
| | - Nobushiro Hamada
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238–8580, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tsukinoki
- Department of Pathology and Histomorphology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238–8580, Japan
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Cakir A, Bostan E, Gokoz O. Lichen spinulosus following COVID-19 infection: Another possible cutaneous manifestation of COVID-19? J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6554-6556. [PMID: 36094747 PMCID: PMC9537781 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aysel Cakir
- Dermatology and Venereology ClinicLokman Hekim Akay HospitalAnkaraTurkey
| | - Ecem Bostan
- Dermatology and Venereology ClinicCihanbeyli State HospitalKonyaTurkey
| | - Ozay Gokoz
- Pathology DepartmentHacettepe University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey
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Tammaro A, Adebanjo GAR, Erasmus HP, Chello C, Pezzuto A, Ramirez-Estrada S, Rello J. Transverse orange nail lesions following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Dermatol Ther 2020; 34:e14688. [PMID: 33340203 PMCID: PMC7883228 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Tammaro
- NESMOS, Dermatology Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Hans-Peter Erasmus
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Camilla Chello
- NESMOS, Dermatology Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Pezzuto
- Department of Cardiovascular-Respiratory Science, Sant'Andrea Hospital-Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Jordi Rello
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Respirorias (CIBERES), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Clinical Research/Epidemiology in Pneumonia and Sepsis (CRIPS), Vall d'Hebron Institut of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.,Clinical Research, CHU Nîmes, Université Montpellier-Nimes, Nîmes, France
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