COVID-19 and autoimmune phenomena: vitiligo after Astrazeneca vaccine

Bilateral Fundus Hypopigmentation in a Patient With Glaucoma

This case report discusses a diagnosis of bilateral fundus hypopigmentation in a patient with glaucoma and a history of COVID-19 infection 1 year prior.

A case of vitiligo after COVID-19 vaccination: a possible role of thymic dysfunction

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, vaccines help control the spread of infection. To date, 47 vaccines have been approved, with another 227 candidates in various stages of development. In the short period of time since the beginning of their use, evidence has begun to emerge of complications following vaccination in the form of the development or exacerbation of a number of pathological conditions (Block et al., 2022; Haseeb et al., 2022). For example, a population-based study in France identified 1612 cases of myocarditis and 1613 cases of pericarditis requiring hospital treatment within five months of vaccination (le Vu et al., 2022).

Vitiligo Following COVID-19 Vaccination and Primary Infection: A Case Report and Systematic Review

Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentation disorder with different theorized etiologies, although the exact pathogenesis is still largely unknown. It presents as well-demarcated white plaques throughout the body that result from the loss of melanocytes within the epidermis. Commonly, this condition presents alongside other autoimmune conditions, and it is associated with both genetic and non-genetic factors. We present a patient with no history of autoimmune disease who developed vitiligo after receiving her vaccines against COVID-19. This first occurred within 24 hours of receiving her first vaccine and then worsened after receiving her second vaccine. The depigmented rash was localized to the face, arms, and chest. She was treated with both oral and topical steroids, as well as topical tacrolimus cream. Despite adherence to treatment, the patient only reported subjective improvement in her skin lesions overall. While vitiligo arises sporadically, the temporal relationship between vaccinations and depigmentation makes a stronger case for the vaccine as the inciting factor for this patient, though coincidence is possible. A systematic review of the literature regarding the onset of vitiligo following both infection with and vaccination against COVID-19, this case offers a unique presentation that had a sudden onset and creates a learning opportunity for clinicians to investigate the potential relationship between the receipt of the vaccine and the onset of this skin condition. The goal of this report is to help clinicians be cognizant of the possibility of developing or worsening skin diseases after infection or vaccination so that they can be addressed and treated appropriately.

COVID-19 vaccine-associated vitiligo: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary referral center and systematic review

As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus continues to infect patients globally, vaccination remains one of the primary methods to combat this prolonged pandemic. However, there are growing reports of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines possibly triggering autoimmunity, irrespective of the vaccine's design. This phenomenon has been observed in patients with vitiligo, with a rising number of cases reporting new-onset or worsening vitiligo following COVID-19 vaccinations. In this study, the authors present the most extensive case series of COVID-19 vaccine-associated vitiligo to date, along with a systematic review of the literature. The aim is to assist physicians in the clinical evaluation of patients with vitiligo with regard to future vaccinations.

Cutaneous Reactions Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Review of the Current Literature

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represented a new worldwide challenge, strongly impacting on the global economy, overall health and lifestyle. Since then, several strategies have been adopted to contain the widespread of infection. Among these, vaccination is currently the most important measure to fight against the pandemic. However, several concerns such as slower-than-hoped-for rollout, the hurried approval with limited data, the mechanism of action (in particular mRNA-based), and the uncertain duration of protection they afforded were initially raised. Moreover, even if cutaneous reactions have been rarely reported in clinical trials, global mass vaccination showed several dermatologic reactions not initially recognized, leaving dermatologists to decide how to diagnose and treat them. In this scenario, dermatologists should be ready to promptly recognize these clinical manifestations. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to review current literature on cutaneous reactions following COVID-19 vaccination, particularly inflammatory dermatological diseases, in order to help clinicians to better understand these dermatological conditions and to provide an extensive overview of all the vaccine-related skin manifestations.

Vitiligo-like Lesions and COVID-19: Case Report and Review of Vaccination- and Infection-Associated Vitiligo

Several cutaneous manifestations in patients undergoing COVID-19 vaccination have been described in the literature. Herein, we presented a case of new-onset vitiligo that occurred after the second dose of the Comirnaty vaccine. An updated literature search revealed the occurrence of a total of 16 cases, including new-onset or worsening of preexisting vitiligo. Given the autoimmune pathogenesis of the disease, we reviewed and discussed the potential role of the vaccine prophylaxis as a trigger for the development of such hypopigmented skin lesions.