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Mercher T, Schwaller J. From hypoxia single-cell gene signatures to HIF targeting of AML leukemic stem cells. Hemasphere 2024; 8:e59. [PMID: 38560647 PMCID: PMC10979755 DOI: 10.1002/hem3.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mercher
- INSERM U1170, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Gustave RoussyUniversité Paris‐SaclayVillejuifFrance
| | - Juerg Schwaller
- Department of Biomedicine, University Children's Hospital beider Basel (UKBB)University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
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Zhang S, Liu T, Chen Q, Su M, Bai T, Zhang M, Hu Y, Li J, Chang F. Study on molecular mechanism of benzo (ɑ) pyrene on CMA by HSP90ɑ and HIF-1ɑ. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 83:105372. [PMID: 35487446 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of benzo (α) pyrene (BaP) on chaperone mediated autophagy (CMA) through heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and hypoxia- inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is studied by RNA interference and subcutaneous tumor formation technique in nude mice. METHODS 40 nude mice that were inoculated with the silenced HSP90ɑ A549 cell line under the armpits of the forelimbs were divided into 4 groups, and were intragastrically administered with 1.80 mg/kg/d BaP-corn oil solutionfor for 60d (except the Control group), and the growth curves of nude mice and transplanted tumors were recorded. The size and morphological changes of tumors were observed by small animal imaging technique. qPCR, Western blot and Immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of HSP90ɑ, HSC70 and Lamp-2A. A549 cells were treated with 0.1 μmol/L, 1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L BaP for 24 h, EPO and HIF-1ɑ concentration and HIF-1ɑ protein expression were detected by Elisa and Western blot; A549 cells were treated with 10 μmol/L BaP and HIF-1ɑ inhibitor for 24 h, qPCR, Western blot and Immunofluorescence method were used to detect the expression of HSP90ɑ, HSC70 and Lamp-2A. RESULTS The weight of nude mice and transplanted tumors silenced HSP90ɑ was reduced by BaP (P < 0.01); the expression of HSP90ɑ, HSC70, Lamp-2A mRNA and protein in transplanted tumor tissues silenced HSP90ɑ was reduced by BaP (P < 0.05); the total number of bioluminescence photons of transplanted tumors silenced HSP90ɑ was reduced by BaP (P < 0.01). The concentration of EPO and HIF-1ɑ and the expression of HIF-1ɑ protein in A549 cells was increased by 10 μmol/L BaP (P < 0.05); with HIF-1ɑ inhibitors treated, HSP90ɑ, HSC70, Lamp-2A mRNA and protein expression and the fluorescence intensity of HSP90ɑ was decreased of A549 cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The growth of transplanted tumor in nude mice is promoted by BaP, and is inhibited when HSP90ɑ was silenced. BaP promotes the occurrence of CMA by promoting the expression of HSP90ɑ and HIF-1ɑ, which is vital regulatory genes of BaP activation of CMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Tingting Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Min Su
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Tuya Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Yuxia Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Fuhou Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China.
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Kimura T, Sakai M, Gojo N, Watanabe M, Uzawa N, Sakai T. The HIF-1α pathway plays a critical role in salivary gland development in ex vivo organ cultures. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 12:460-469. [PMID: 34904400 PMCID: PMC8804608 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor, hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α), has previously been shown to upregulate the expression of hypoxia‐related genes, including erythropoietin (EPO). However, the role of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α in morphogenesis during salivary gland development is unclear. We investigated the function of HIF‐1α in submandibular gland (SMG) organ cultures obtained from embryonic day 13.5 embryos from ICR female mice. Expression of HIF‐1α, glucose transporter 1, and vascular endothelial growth factor was induced under hypoxia (5% O2). We further showed that BAY 87‐2243‐mediated inhibition of HIF‐1α suppressed salivary gland development. Under severe hypoxia (1% O2), HIF‐1α did not promote salivary gland development; this was due to suppression of cell proliferation and inhibition of the cell cycle and not because of autophagy and apoptosis. Additionally, using the inhibitor U0126, we verified that the ERK1/2 pathway is upstream of HIF‐1α. Overall, we found that the HIF‐1α signaling pathway plays a critical role in salivary gland development in ex vivo SMG organ cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomasa Kimura
- Department of Oral-facial Disorders, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Manabu Sakai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Suita, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Nao Gojo
- Department of Oral-facial Disorders, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Mikio Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Narikazu Uzawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Sakai
- Department of Oral-facial Disorders, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
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Li Y, Wei Y, Gu L. Effect of hypoxia on proliferation and glucocorticoid resistance of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26:775-784. [PMID: 34565306 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2021.1980689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoxia is emerging as a key factor in the biology of leukaemia. Here, we want to clarify the impact of hypoxia on the proliferation of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) cells and the response to chemotherapy. METHODS T-ALL cells were cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. MTT assay and trypan blue staining technique was used to detect cell viability and proliferation. In vitro sensitivity to glucocorticoid was assessed by IC50. CDI was used to analyze the combined effects of glucocorticoid and hypoxia. Flow cytometry was performed to detect apoptosis and cell cycle. Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expression associated with hypoxia. RESULTS Hypoxia of 1% O2 resulted different impact on cell viability and proliferation to different T-ALL cell lines, reduced, unaffected or induced, according to their different metabolic phenotype. All the cell lines showed an induction of key enzymes in glycolysis pathway following hypoxia exposure, although different effector proteins were induced in different cell lines. In GC-sensitive cells, acute hypoxia made no effect on the IC50 of dexamethasone, but chronic hypoxia may improve cell survival and induce GC resistance. However, acute hypoxia induced a higher GC resistance in GC-resistant T-ALL cells and showed an antagonistic effect while combined with high-dose dexamethasone. CONCLUSION T-ALL cells adapt well to hypoxic environment. Hypoxia may influence leukaemic cell proliferation. More importantly, hypoxia contributes to GC resistance in T-ALL blasts, especially in refractory/relapsed T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Laboratory of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Joint laboratory of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Science, Fudan University for Pulmonary Development and Disease, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wei
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Gu
- Laboratory of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Joint laboratory of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Science, Fudan University for Pulmonary Development and Disease, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Baroud M, Lepeltier E, Thepot S, El-Makhour Y, Duval O. The evolution of nucleosidic analogues: self-assembly of prodrugs into nanoparticles for cancer drug delivery. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2157-2179. [PMID: 36133769 PMCID: PMC9418958 DOI: 10.1039/d0na01084g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside and nucleotide analogs are essential tools in our limited arsenal in the fight against cancer. However, these structures face severe drawbacks such as rapid plasma degradation or hydrophilicity, limiting their clinical application. Here, different aspects of nucleoside and nucleotide analogs have been exposed, while providing their shortcomings. Aiming to improve their fate in the body and combating their drawbacks, two different approaches have been discussed, the prodrug and nanocarrier technologies. Finally, a novel approach called "PUFAylation" based on both the prodrug and nanocarrier technologies has been introduced, promising to be the supreme method to create a novel nucleoside or nucleotide analog based formulation, with enhanced efficacy and highly reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Baroud
- Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021 Angers France
| | - Elise Lepeltier
- Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021 Angers France
| | - Sylvain Thepot
- University Hospital of Angers, Hematology 49933 Angers France
- Université d'Angers, Inserm, CRCINA 49000 Angers France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire 'Grand Ouest Against Leukemia' (FHU GOAL) France
| | - Yolla El-Makhour
- Environmental Health Research Lab (EHRL), Faculty of Sciences V, Lebanese University Nabatieh Lebanon
| | - Olivier Duval
- Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021 Angers France
- University Hospital of Angers, Hematology 49933 Angers France
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Levin M, Stark M, Ofran Y, Assaraf YG. Deciphering molecular mechanisms underlying chemoresistance in relapsed AML patients: towards precision medicine overcoming drug resistance. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:53. [PMID: 33446189 PMCID: PMC7809753 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01746-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a devastating disease with a 5-year survival rate of less than 30%. AML treatment has undergone significant changes in recent years, incorporating novel targeted therapies along with improvements in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation techniques. However, the standard of care remains cytarabine and anthracyclines, and the primary hindrance towards curative treatment is the frequent emergence of intrinsic and acquired anticancer drug resistance. In this respect, patients presenting with chemoresistant AML face dismal prognosis even with most advanced therapies. Herein, we aimed to explore the potential implementation of the characterization of chemoresistance mechanisms in individual AML patients towards efficacious personalized medicine. Methods Towards the identification of tailored treatments for individual patients, we herein present the cases of relapsed AML patients, and compare them to patients displaying durable remissions following the same chemotherapeutic induction treatment. We quantified the expression levels of specific genes mediating drug transport and metabolism, nucleotide biosynthesis, and apoptosis, in order to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying intrinsic and/or acquired chemoresistance modalities in relapsed patients. This was achieved by real-time PCR using patient cDNA, and could be readily implemented in the clinical setting. Results This analysis revealed pre-existing differences in gene expression levels between the relapsed patients and patients with lasting remissions, as well as drug-induced alterations at different relapse stages compared to diagnosis. Each of the relapsed patients displayed unique chemoresistance mechanisms following similar treatment protocols, which could have been missed in a large study aimed at identifying common drug resistance determinants. Conclusions Our findings emphasize the need for standardized evaluation of key drug transport and metabolism genes as an integral component of routine AML management, thereby allowing for the selection of treatments of choice for individual patients. This approach could facilitate the design of efficacious personalized treatment regimens, thereby reducing relapse rates of therapy refractory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Levin
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Dept. of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003, Haifa, Israel
| | - Michal Stark
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Dept. of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yishai Ofran
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Dept. of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003, Haifa, Israel.
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Impact of hypoxia on chemoresistance of mesothelioma mediated by the proton-coupled folate transporter, and preclinical activity of new anti-LDH-A compounds. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:644-656. [PMID: 32493992 PMCID: PMC7434895 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression of proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT) is associated with survival of mesothelioma patients treated with pemetrexed, and is reduced by hypoxia, prompting studies to elucidate their correlation. METHODS Modulation of glycolytic gene expression was evaluated by PCR arrays in tumour cells and primary cultures growing under hypoxia, in spheroids and after PCFT silencing. Inhibitors of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-A) were tested in vitro and in vivo. LDH-A expression was determined in tissue microarrays of radically resected malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM, N = 33) and diffuse peritoneal mesothelioma (DMPM, N = 56) patients. RESULTS Overexpression of hypoxia marker CAIX was associated with low PCFT expression and decreased MPM cell growth inhibition by pemetrexed. Through integration of PCR arrays in hypoxic cells and spheroids and following PCFT silencing, we identified the upregulation of LDH-A, which correlated with shorter survival of MPM and DMPM patients. Novel LDH-A inhibitors enhanced spheroid disintegration and displayed synergistic effects with pemetrexed in MPM and gemcitabine in DMPM cells. Studies with bioluminescent hypoxic orthotopic and subcutaneous DMPM athymic-mice models revealed the marked antitumour activity of the LDH-A inhibitor NHI-Glc-2, alone or combined with gemcitabine. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel insights into hypoxia/PCFT-dependent chemoresistance, unravelling the potential prognostic value of LDH-A, and demonstrating the preclinical activity of LDH-A inhibitors.
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Behrmann L, Wellbrock J, Fiedler W. The bone marrow stromal niche: a therapeutic target of hematological myeloid malignancies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:451-462. [PMID: 32188313 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1744850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Myeloid malignancies are caused by uncontrolled proliferation of neoplastic cells and lack of mature hematopoietic cells. Beside intrinsic genetic and epigenetic alterations within the neoplastic population, abnormal function of the bone marrow stroma promotes the neoplastic process. To overcome the supportive action of the microenvironment, recent research focuses on the development of targeted therapies, inhibiting the interaction of malignant cells and niche cells.Areas covered: This review covers regulatory networks and potential druggable pathways within the hematopoietic stem cell niche. Recent insights into the cell-to-cell interactions in the bone marrow microenvironment are presented. We performed literature searches using PubMed Database from 2000 to the present.Expert opinion: Future therapy of myeloid malignancies must focus on targeted, personalized treatment addressing specific alterations within the malignant and the supporting niche cells. This includes treatments to overcome resistance mechanisms against chemotherapeutic agents mediated by supporting microenvironment. Novel techniques employing sequencing approaches, Crisp/Cas9, or transgenic mouse models are required to elucidate specific interactions between components of the bone marrow niche to identify new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Behrmann
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Wellbrock
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Walter Fiedler
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Levin M, Stark M, Berman B, Assaraf YG. Surmounting Cytarabine-resistance in acute myeloblastic leukemia cells and specimens with a synergistic combination of hydroxyurea and azidothymidine. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:390. [PMID: 31101804 PMCID: PMC6525253 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients display dismal prognosis due to high prevalence of refractory and relapsed disease resulting from chemoresistance. Treatment protocols, primarily based on the anchor drug Cytarabine, remained chiefly unchanged in the past 50 years with no standardized salvage regimens. Herein we aimed at exploring potential pre-clinical treatment strategies to surmount Cytarabine resistance in human AML cells. We established Cytarabine-resistant sublines derived from human leukemia K562 and Kasumi cells, and characterized the expression of Cytarabine-related genes using real-time PCR and Western blot analyses to uncover the mechanisms underlying their Cytarabine resistance. This was followed by growth inhibition assays and isobologram analyses testing the sublines’ sensitivity to the clinically approved drugs hydroxyurea (HU) and azidothymidine (AZT), compared to their parental cells. All Cytarabine-resistant sublines lost deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) expression, rendering them refractory to Cytarabine. Loss of dCK function involved dCK gene deletions and/or a novel frameshift mutation leading to dCK transcript degradation via nonsense-mediated decay. Cytarabine-resistant sublines displayed hypersensitivity to HU and AZT compared to parental cells; HU and AZT combinations exhibited a marked synergistic growth inhibition effect on leukemic cells, which was intensified upon acquisition of Cytarabine-resistance. In contrast, HU and AZT combination showed an antagonistic effect in non-malignant cells. Finally, HU and AZT synergism was demonstrated on peripheral blood specimens from AML patients. These findings identify a promising HU and AZT combination for the possible future treatment of relapsed and refractory AML, while sparing normal tissues from untoward toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Levin
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Michal Stark
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Bluma Berman
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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