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Gubinelli F, Sarauskyte L, Venuti C, Kulacz I, Cazzolla G, Negrini M, Anwer D, Vecchio I, Jakobs F, Manfredsson F, Davidsson M, Heuer A. Characterisation of functional deficits induced by AAV overexpression of alpha-synuclein in rats. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 4:100065. [PMID: 36632447 PMCID: PMC9827042 DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the last decades different preclinical animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been generated, aiming to mimic the progressive neuronal loss of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) cells as well as motor and non-motor impairment. Among all the available models, AAV-based models of human alpha-synuclein (h-aSYN) overexpression are promising tools for investigation of disease progression and therapeutic interventions. Objectives The goal with this work was to characterise the impairment in motor and non-motor domains following nigrostriatal overexpression of h-aSYN and correlate the behavioural deficits with histological assessment of associated pathology. Methods Intranigral injection of an AAV9 expressing h-aSYN was compared with untreated animals, 6-OHDA and AAV9 expressing either no transgene or GFP. The animals were assessed on a series of simple and complex behavioural tasks probing motor and non-motor domains. Post-mortem neuropathology was analysed using immunohistochemical methods. Results Overexpression of h-aSYN led to progressive degeneration of DA neurons of the SN and axonal terminals in the striatum (STR). We observed extensive nigral and striatal pathology, resembling that of human PD brain, as well as the development of stable progressive deficit in simple motor tasks and in non-motor domains such as deficits in motivation and lateralised neglect. Conclusions In the present work we characterized a rat model of PD that closely resembles human PD pathology at the histological and behavioural level. The correlation of cell loss with behavioural performance enables the selection of rats which can be used in neuroprotective or neurorestorative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Gubinelli
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - L. Sarauskyte
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - C. Venuti
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - I. Kulacz
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - G. Cazzolla
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - M. Negrini
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - D. Anwer
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - I. Vecchio
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - F. Jakobs
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - F.P. Manfredsson
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - M. Davidsson
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA,Molecular Neuromodulation, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A. Heuer
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden,Corresponding author. Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Sölvegatan 19, 22 184, Lund, Sweden.
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Lane EL, Lelos MJ. Defining the unknowns for cell therapies in Parkinson's disease. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:276886. [PMID: 36165848 PMCID: PMC9555765 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
First-in-human clinical trials have commenced to test the safety and efficacy of cell therapies for people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Proof of concept that this neural repair strategy is efficacious is based on decades of preclinical studies and clinical trials using primary foetal cells, as well as a significant literature exploring more novel stem cell-derived products. Although several measures of efficacy have been explored, including the successful in vitro differentiation of stem cells to dopamine neurons and consistent alleviation of motor dysfunction in rodent models, many unknowns still remain regarding the long-term clinical implications of this treatment strategy. Here, we consider some of these outstanding questions, including our understanding of the interaction between anti-Parkinsonian medication and the neural transplant, the impact of the cell therapy on cognitive or neuropsychiatric symptoms of PD, the role of neuroinflammation in the therapeutic process and the development of graft-induced dyskinesias. We identify questions that are currently pertinent to the field that require further exploration, and pave the way for a more holistic understanding of this neural repair strategy for treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Lane
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Mariah J Lelos
- School of Biosciences, Museum Avenue, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
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Better Outcomes with Intranigral versus Intrastriatal Cell Transplantation: Relevance for Parkinson’s Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071191. [PMID: 35406755 PMCID: PMC8997951 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrastriatal embryonic ventral mesencephalon grafts have been shown to integrate, survive, and reinnervate the host striatum in clinical settings and in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. However, this ectopic location does not restore the physiological loops of the nigrostriatal pathway and promotes only moderate behavioral benefits. Here, we performed a direct comparison of the potential benefits of intranigral versus intrastriatal grafts in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. We report that intranigral grafts promoted better survival of dopaminergic neurons and that only intranigral grafts induced recovery of fine motor skills and normalized cortico-striatal responses. The increase in the number of toxic activated glial cells in host tissue surrounding the intrastriatal graft, as well as within the graft, may be one of the causes of the increased cell death observed in the intrastriatal graft. Homotopic localization of the graft and the subsequent physiological cell rewiring of the basal ganglia may be a key factor in successful and beneficial cell transplantation procedures.
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Björklund A, Dunnett SB. The Amphetamine Induced Rotation Test: A Re-Assessment of Its Use as a Tool to Monitor Motor Impairment and Functional Recovery in Rodent Models of Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 9:17-29. [PMID: 30741691 PMCID: PMC6398560 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-181525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rats and mice with unilateral damage to the nigrostriatal dopamine system—induced by neurotoxins, such as 6-hydroxydopamine, overexpression of α-synuclein, or injections of toxic synuclein protofibrils—are widely used as experimental models to mimic the loss of dopamine neurons seen in Parkinson’s disease. The amphetamine rotation test is commonly used to monitor the extent of motor impairment induced by the lesion, and this test has also become the standard tool to demonstrate transplant-induced functional recovery or the efficacy of neuroprotective interventions aimed to preserve or restore DA neuron function. Although the amphetamine-induced rotation test is highly useful for this purpose it has some important pitfalls and the interpretation of the data may not always be straightforward. Unless the test is applied properly and the data are displayed and interpreted appropriately the conclusions may be misleading or simply totally wrong. The purpose of this review is to draw attention to the potential problems and pitfalls involved in the use of drug-induced rotation tests, and to provide recommendations and advice on how to avoid them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Björklund
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Sweden
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Precious SV, Smith GA, Heuer A, Jaeger I, Lane EL, Dunnett SB, Li M, Kelly CM, Rosser AE. Dopaminergic Progenitors Derived From Epiblast Stem Cells Function Similarly to Primary VM-Derived Progenitors When Transplanted Into a Parkinson's Disease Model. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:312. [PMID: 32317925 PMCID: PMC7154167 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural transplantation in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) offers to replace cells lost during the progression of the disease process. Primary fetal ventral mesencephalon (VM), the origin of bona fide midbrain dopaminergic (DAergic) precursors, is currently the gold standard source of cells for transplantation in PD. However, the use of tissue from this source raises ethical and logistical constraints necessitating the need for alternative supplies of donor cells. The requirement of any alternative donor cell source is to have the capability to generate authentic mature DAergic neurons, which could be utilized in cell-replacement strategies. Mouse pluripotent stem cells can efficiently generate electrochemically mature midbrain DAergic precursors in vitro using a stepwise control of FGF signaling. Here, we have compared DAergic transplants derived from two progenitor cell sources in an allograft system: mouse epiblast stem cells (EpiSC) and primary fetal mouse VM tissue. Cells were transplanted into the striatum of 6-OHDA lesioned mice pre-treated with L-DOPA. Drug-induced rotations, a number of motor tests and drug-induced abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) were assessed. Functional improvements were demonstrated post-transplantation in some behavioral tests, with no difference in graft volume or the number of TH immuno-positive cells in the grafts of the two transplant groups. L-DOPA-induced AIMs and amphetamine-induced AIMs were observed in both transplant groups, with no differences in rate or severity between the two groups. Collectively, in this mouse-to-mouse allograft system, we report no significant differences in the functional ability between the gold standard primary VM derived and pluripotent stem cell-derived DAergic transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie V Precious
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Gaynor A Smith
- School of Medicine, UK Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heuer
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ines Jaeger
- Stem Cell Neurogenesis Group, School of Medicine and Biosciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L Lane
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen B Dunnett
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Meng Li
- Stem Cell Neurogenesis Group, School of Medicine and Biosciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Claire M Kelly
- School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Anne E Rosser
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,Wales Brain Repair and Intracranial Neurotherapeutics Unit, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Wanot B, Jasikowska K, Niewiadomska E, Biskupek-Wanot A. Cardiovascular effects of H3 histamine receptor inverse agonist/ H4 histamine receptor agonist, clobenpropit, in hemorrhage-shocked rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201519. [PMID: 30071054 PMCID: PMC6072086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock has a potential to be life-threatening when it is not treated. The main causes of hemorrhagic shock involve: (1) forces causing injury; and (2) diseases that can cause hemorrhage., Therefore, due to the causes of hemorrhagic shock and the life-threatening potential, the search for new methods of shock treatment is extremely valuable to the modern medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of clobenpropit in the model of hemorrhagic shock. The experiments were conducted in 110 adult male Wistar rats weighing between 205 and 470g. 1, 2 and 5 μmol/kg of intravenous H3 receptors reverse agonists, clobentropit, and/or 1, 5 and 10 μmol/kg H3 receptor agonist, imetit, were used as general anesthetics. Irreversible hemorrhagic shock was induced by the paused bleeding until the mean arterial pressure (MAP) lowered to the level of 20–25 mmHg. It was proved that, in cases of critical hypotension, clobenpropit triggered a dose-dependent increase of: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), MPA and heart rate (HR) of rats with critical hypotension. The most significant changes in hemodynamic parameters were achieved by administrating dosages of 2 mmol/kg. This resulted in the survival rate increase to up to 100%. However, imetit did not trigger any hemodynamic changes nor an increase in SBP, DBP, MAP or HR. Furthermore, it was found that the premedication with prazosin, yohimbine, 6-hydroxydopamine and the vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist blocked the effects of clobenpropit. Additionally, premedication with propranolol, captopril and ZD 7155 did not cause any significant changes in the measured hemodynamic parameters. In conclusion, after an intravenous injection clobenpropit, the inverse agonist of H3 histamine receptors/agonist of histamine receptors H4, causes a resuscitating effect on rats in hemorrhagic shock. Moreover, such effect is based on the effector mechanisms of sympathetic nervous system and vasopressin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Wanot
- Polonia University, Health and Nursing Institute, Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Karolina Jasikowska
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Ewa Niewiadomska
- Department of Biostatics, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
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Kuzdas-Wood D, Fellner L, Premstaller M, Borm C, Bloem B, Kirik D, Wenning GK, Stefanova N. Overexpression of α-synuclein in oligodendrocytes does not increase susceptibility to focal striatal excitotoxicity. BMC Neurosci 2015; 16:86. [PMID: 26627686 PMCID: PMC4667489 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-015-0227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a fatal adult-onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by α-synuclein (α-syn) positive oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions. The latter are associated with a neuronal multisystem neurodegeneration targeting central autonomic, olivopontocerebellar and striatonigral pathways, however the underlying mechanisms of neuronal cell death are poorly understood. Previous experiments have shown that oligodendroglial α-syn pathology increases the susceptibility to mitochondrial stress and proteasomal dysfunction leading to enhanced MSA-like neurodegeneration. Here we analyzed whether oligodendroglial α-syn overexpression in a transgenic mouse model of MSA synergistically interacts with focal neuronal excitotoxic damage generated by a striatal injection of quinolinic acid (QA) to affect the degree of striatal neuronal loss. Results QA injury led to comparable striatal neuronal loss and optical density of astro- and microgliosis in the striatum of transgenic and control mice. Respectively, no differences were identified in drug-induced rotation behavior or open field behavior between the groups. Conclusions The failure of oligodendroglial α-syn pathology to exacerbate striatal neuronal loss resulting from QA excitotoxicity contrasts with enhanced striatal neurodegeneration due to oxidative or proteolytic stress, suggesting that enhanced vulnerability to excitotoxicity does not occur in oligodendroglial α-synucleinopathy like MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Kuzdas-Wood
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 66/G2, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Lisa Fellner
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 66/G2, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Melanie Premstaller
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 66/G2, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Carlijn Borm
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson Center Nijmegen (ParC), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Bastiaan Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson Center Nijmegen (ParC), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Deniz Kirik
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D11, Brain Repair and Imaging in Neural Systems (BRAINS), Lund University, Klinikgatan 32, 22184, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Gregor K Wenning
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 66/G2, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Nadia Stefanova
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 66/G2, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Neurobehavioral Anomalies in the Pitx3/ak Murine Model of Parkinson’s Disease and MPTP. Behav Genet 2015; 46:228-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s10519-015-9753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Bagga V, Dunnett S, Fricker R. The 6-OHDA mouse model of Parkinson's disease – Terminal striatal lesions provide a superior measure of neuronal loss and replacement than median forebrain bundle lesions. Behav Brain Res 2015; 288:107-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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