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Kim JY, Quan T. Emerging Perspectives of YAP/TAZ in Human Skin Epidermal and Dermal Aging. Ann Dermatol 2024; 36:135-144. [PMID: 38816974 DOI: 10.5021/ad.23.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are key downstream effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway, which plays a central role in tissue homeostasis, organ development, and regeneration. While the dysregulation of YAP/TAZ has been linked to various human diseases, their involvement in the aging of human skin has only recently begun to manifest. In the skin, the YAP/TAZ effectors emerge as central regulators in maintaining homeostasis of epidermal stem cells and dermal extracellular matrix, and thus intimately linked to skin aging processes. This review underscores recent molecular breakthroughs highlighting how age-related decline of YAP/TAZ activity impacts human epidermal and dermal aging. Gaining insight into the evolving roles of YAP/TAZ in human skin aging presents a promising avenue for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at enhancing skin health and addressing age-related skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Taihao Quan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Kumar R, Hong W. Hippo Signaling at the Hallmarks of Cancer and Drug Resistance. Cells 2024; 13:564. [PMID: 38607003 PMCID: PMC11011035 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Originally identified in Drosophila melanogaster in 1995, the Hippo signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. Large tumor suppressors 1 and 2 (LATS1/2) directly phosphorylate the Yki orthologs YAP (yes-associated protein) and its paralog TAZ (also known as WW domain-containing transcription regulator 1 [WWTR1]), thereby inhibiting their nuclear localization and pairing with transcriptional coactivators TEAD1-4. Earnest efforts from many research laboratories have established the role of mis-regulated Hippo signaling in tumorigenesis, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), oncogenic stemness, and, more recently, development of drug resistances. Hippo signaling components at the heart of oncogenic adaptations fuel the development of drug resistance in many cancers for targeted therapies including KRAS and EGFR mutants. The first U.S. food and drug administration (US FDA) approval of the imatinib tyrosine kinase inhibitor in 2001 paved the way for nearly 100 small-molecule anti-cancer drugs approved by the US FDA and the national medical products administration (NMPA). However, the low response rate and development of drug resistance have posed a major hurdle to improving the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of cancer patients. Accumulating evidence has enabled scientists and clinicians to strategize the therapeutic approaches of targeting cancer cells and to navigate the development of drug resistance through the continuous monitoring of tumor evolution and oncogenic adaptations. In this review, we highlight the emerging aspects of Hippo signaling in cross-talk with other oncogenic drivers and how this information can be translated into combination therapy to target a broad range of aggressive tumors and the development of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology, and Research), Singapore 138673, Singapore;
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Xu Q, Zhuo K, Zhang X, Zhen Y, Liu L, Zhang L, Gu Y, Jia H, Chen Q, Liu M, Dong J, Zhou MS. The role of angiotensin II activation of yes-associated protein/PDZ-binding motif signaling in hypertensive cardiac and vascular remodeling. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 962:176252. [PMID: 38061470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is the pathogenic basis of hypertension and end organ injury, and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is central to vascular remodeling. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are key effectors of the Hippo pathway and crucial for controlling cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. The present study investigated the role of YAP/TAZ in cardiac and vascular remodeling of angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Ang II induced YAP/TAZ activation in the heart and aorta, which was prevented by YAP/TAZ inhibitor verteporfin. Treatment with verteporfin significantly reduced Ang II-induced cardiac and vascular hypertrophy with a mild reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP), verteporfin attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac and aortic fibrosis with the inhibition of transform growth factor (TGF)β/Smad2/3 fibrotic signaling and extracellular matrix collagen I deposition. Ang II induced Rho A, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and YAP/TAZ activation in VSMCs, either Rho kinase inhibitor fasudil or ERK inhibitor PD98059 suppressed Ang II-induced YAP/TAZ activation, cell proliferation and fibrosis of VSMCs. Verteporfin also inhibited Ang II-induced VSMC proliferation and fibrotic TGFβ1/Smad2/3 pathway. These results demonstrate that Ang II activates YAP/TAZ via Rho kinase/ERK1/2 pathway in VSMCs, which may contribute to cardiac and vascular remodeling in hypertension. Our results suggest that YAP/TAZ plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and end organ damage, and targeting the YAP/TAZ pathway may be a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Science and Experiment Research Center, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China; Department of Physiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Kunping Zhuo
- Department of Physiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanru Zhen
- Department of Physiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Limin Liu
- Department of Vasculocardiology, The Second Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Science and Experiment Research Center, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China; Department of Physiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Yufan Gu
- Department of Physiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Jia
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Meixi Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiawei Dong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming-Sheng Zhou
- Science and Experiment Research Center, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China; Department of Physiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China.
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Santos PF, Fazendeiro B, Luca FC, Ambrósio AF, Léger H. The NDR/LATS protein kinases in neurobiology: Key regulators of cell proliferation, differentiation and migration in the ocular and central nervous system. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151333. [PMID: 37327741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Dbf2-related (NDR) kinases are a subgroup of evolutionarily conserved AGC protein kinases that regulate various aspects of cell growth and morphogenesis. There are 4 NDR protein kinases in mammals, LATS1, LATS2 and STTK8/NDR1, STK38L/NDR2 protein kinases. LATS1 and 2 are core components of the well-studied Hippo pathway, which play a critical role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell migration via YAP/TAZ transcription factor. The Hippo pathways play an important role in nervous tissue development and homeostasis, especially with regard to the central nervous system (CNS) and the ocular system. The ocular system is a very complex system generated by the interaction in a very tightly coordinated manner of numerous and diverse developing tissues, such as, but not limited to choroidal and retinal blood vessels, the retinal pigmented epithelium and the retina, a highly polarized neuronal tissue. The retina development and maintenance require precise and coordinated regulation of cell proliferation, cell death, migration, morphogenesis, synaptic connectivity, and balanced homeostasis. This review highlights the emerging roles of NDR1 and NDR2 kinases in the regulation of retinal/neuronal function and homeostasis via a noncanonical branch of the Hippo pathway. We highlight a potential role of NDR1 and NDR2 kinases in regulating neuronal inflammation and as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of neuronal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo F Santos
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University Coimbra, CC Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Fazendeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francis C Luca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - António Francisco Ambrósio
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hélène Léger
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.
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Tan H, Li J, Jia C, Huang H, Li L, Liao B, Long Y, Nie Y, Yu F. The role of 14-3-3 in the progression of vascular inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110220. [PMID: 37104914 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of 14-3-3 protein and the Hippo and yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced vascular inflammation. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and C57B6 mice were treated with LPS to establish cell and animal models of vascular inflammation. Lentiviral transfection, Western blot, qPCR, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, co-immunoprecipitation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure inflammatory factors and expression of 14-3-3 protein and phosphorylation of YAP at S127. HUVECs and C57B6 mice were pretreated with a YAP inhibitor, Verteporfin, to observe changes in YAP expression and downstream vascular inflammation. RESULTS LPS induced acute and chronic inflammatory responses in HUVECs and mice and upregulated the expression of several inflammatory factors. LPS also induced expression of 14-3-3 protein and phosphorylation of YAP at S127 in response to acute vascular inflammation and downregulated these markers in response to chronic vascular inflammation. Verteporfin reduced these LPS-induced effects on vascular inflammation. CONCLUSION In chronic vascular inflammation, 14-3-3 protein is downregulated, which promotes inflammation by increasing Hippo/YAP nuclear translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Jinping Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Chunsen Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Haozhong Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Bin Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, China; Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yang Long
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Nie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, China; Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Fengxu Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, China; Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China.
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Ko HS, Laiman V, Tsao PN, Chen CM, Chuang HC. Alteration in branching morphogenesis via YAP/TAZ in fibroblasts of fetal lungs in an LPS-induced inflammation model. Mol Med 2023; 29:16. [PMID: 36717779 PMCID: PMC9887856 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00613-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chorioamnionitis is a common cause of preterm birth and leads to serious complications in newborns. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of the Hippo signaling pathway in lung branching morphogenesis under a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation model. MATERIALS AND METHODS IMR-90 cells and ex vivo fetal lungs were treated with 0, 10, 30, or 50 μg/ml LPS for 24 and 72 h. Supernatant levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1(CXCL1), branching and the surface area ratio, Yes-associated protein (YAP), transcription coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10), fibroblast growth factor receptor II (FGFR2), SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2), SOX9, and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) levels were examined. Differentially expressed genes in fetal lungs after LPS treatment were identified by RNA-sequencing. RESULTS LPS at 50 μg/ml increased IL-6 and IL-8 in IMR-90 cells and increased IL-6, CXCL1 and LDH in fetal lungs. The branching ratio significantly increased by LPS at 30 μg/ml compared to the control but the increased level had decreased by 50 μg/ml LPS exposure. Exposure to 50 μg/ml LPS increased phosphorylated (p)-YAP, p-YAP/YAP, and p-TAZ/TAZ in IMR-90 cells, whereas 50 μg/ml LPS decreased FGF10 and SOX2. Consistently, p-YAP/YAP and p-TAZ/TAZ were increased in fibronectin+ cells of fetal lungs. Moreover, results of RNA-sequencing in fetal lungs showed that SMAD, FGF, IκB phosphorylation, tissue remodeling and homeostasis was involved in branching morphogenesis following exposure to 50 μg/ml LPS. The p-SIRT1/SIRT1 ratio increased in IMR-90 cells by LPS treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that regulation of the Hippo pathway in fibroblasts of fetal lungs was involved in branching morphogenesis under an inflammatory disease such as chorioamnionitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Shuo Ko
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Vincent Laiman
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.8570.a0000 0001 2152 4506Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Po-Nien Tsao
- grid.412094.a0000 0004 0572 7815Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Chen
- grid.412897.10000 0004 0639 0994Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Zheng A, Chen Q, Zhang L. The Hippo-YAP pathway in various cardiovascular diseases: Focusing on the inflammatory response. Front Immunol 2022; 13:971416. [PMID: 36059522 PMCID: PMC9433876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.971416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster and mammals as a key regulator of tissue growth both in physiological and pathological states. Numerous studies depict the vital role of the Hippo pathway in cardiovascular development, heart regeneration, organ size and vascular remodeling through the regulation of YAP (yes-associated protein) translocation. Recently, an increasing number of studies have focused on the Hippo-YAP pathway in inflammation and immunology. Although the Hippo-YAP pathway has been revealed to play controversial roles in different contexts and cell types in the cardiovascular system, the mechanisms regulating tissue inflammation and the immune response remain to be clarified. In this review, we summarize findings from the past decade on the function and mechanism of the Hippo-YAP pathway in CVDs (cardiovascular diseases) such as myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis. In particular, we emphasize the role of the Hippo-YAP pathway in regulating inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory cytokine activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li Zhang
- *Correspondence: Li Zhang, ; Qishan Chen,
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Afonina IS, Hoffmann E. Infection and immunity: ‘There Are Things Out There You (Don't) Need To Know About’. FEBS J 2022; 289:3920-3925. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.16569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inna S. Afonina
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB‐UGent Center for Inflammation Research Ghent Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Belgium
| | - Eik Hoffmann
- Institute Pasteur Lille Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL) France
- European Regimen Accelerator for Tuberculosis (ERA4TB), Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (JU no. 853989)
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New Insights into Hippo/YAP Signaling in Fibrotic Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132065. [PMID: 35805148 PMCID: PMC9265296 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis results from defective wound healing processes often seen after chronic injury and/or inflammation in a range of organs. Progressive fibrotic events may lead to permanent organ damage/failure. The hallmark of fibrosis is the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), mostly produced by pathological myofibroblasts and myofibroblast-like cells. The Hippo signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved kinase cascade, which has been described well for its crucial role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell fate decisions, and stem cell self-renewal during development, homeostasis, and tissue regeneration. Recent investigations in clinical and pre-clinical models has shown that the Hippo signaling pathway is linked to the pathophysiology of fibrotic diseases in many organs including the lung, heart, liver, kidney, and skin. In this review, we have summarized recent evidences related to the contribution of the Hippo signaling pathway in the development of organ fibrosis. A better understanding of this pathway will guide us to dissect the pathophysiology of fibrotic disorders and develop effective tissue repair therapies.
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