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Huang M, Ma H, Zou Y, Fan W, Tu L, Zhao J, Ma G, Diao N, Li X, Han P, Zhu L, Shi H. Structural alterations of brain in different disease states of Crohn's disease: Results of a cross-sectional study in a Chinese hospital. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27446. [PMID: 38510022 PMCID: PMC10951496 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale and objectives To investigate alterations in the brain structure in patients with Crohn's disease in activity (CD-A) and in remission (CD-R) compared to healthy controls (HCs) and explore the relationship between gray matter volume (GMV) and psychological disorders. Materials and methods A total of 127 CD patients (62 CD-A, 65 CD-R) and 92 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled and analyzed in this study. The Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) was used as the grouping criteria. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was applied to investigate gray matter volume (GMV), white matter volume (WMV) and global cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume alterations. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationships. Results The CSF volume was negatively correlated with the disease duration in CD-R. Increased GMV of CD was observed in the parahippocampal gyrus, precentral gyrus, precuneous cortex, and subcallosal cortex, decreased was located in the occipital pole, precentral gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, angular gyrus, frontal pole, lateral occipital cortex, and lingual gyrus. The GMV in the right temporal pole, left precuneous cortex, and left cingulate gyrus had a positive correlation with erythrocyte and hemoglobin in CD groups. The GMV in the right frontal pole, right postcentral gyrus, and left cingulate gyrus had a negative correlation with somatization in the CD groups. The GMV in the right temporal pole had a negative correlation with psychoticism and other in the CD groups. The GMV in the left cingulate gyrus was positive with bowel symptoms and systemic symptoms in the CD groups. Conclusion Alterations of GMV in CD-A and CD-R and associated correlation with psychological disorders may provide evidence for possible neuro-mechanisms of CD with psychological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Huang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yan Zou
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenliang Fan
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lei Tu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guina Ma
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Nan Diao
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Liangru Zhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heshui Shi
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
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Rahimian R, Belliveau C, Chen R, Mechawar N. Microglial Inflammatory-Metabolic Pathways and Their Potential Therapeutic Implication in Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:871997. [PMID: 35782423 PMCID: PMC9245023 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.871997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence supports the notion that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), at least in a subset of patients. By virtue of their capacity to transform into reactive states in response to inflammatory insults, microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, play a pivotal role in the induction of neuroinflammation. Experimental studies have demonstrated the ability of microglia to recognize pathogens or damaged cells, leading to the activation of a cytotoxic response that exacerbates damage to brain cells. However, microglia display a wide range of responses to injury and may also promote resolution stages of inflammation and tissue regeneration. MDD has been associated with chronic priming of microglia. Recent studies suggest that altered microglial morphology and function, caused either by intense inflammatory activation or by senescence, may contribute to depression and associated impairments in neuroplasticity. In this context, modifying microglia phenotype by tuning inflammatory pathways might have important translational relevance to harness neuroinflammation in MDD. Interestingly, it was recently shown that different microglial phenotypes are associated with distinct metabolic pathways and analysis of the underlying molecular mechanisms points to an instrumental role for energy metabolism in shaping microglial functions. Here, we review various canonical pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and metabolic pathways in microglia that may provide new therapeutic opportunities to control neuroinflammation in brain disorders, with a strong focus on MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rahimian
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Verdun, QC, Canada
| | - Claudia Belliveau
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Verdun, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rebecca Chen
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Verdun, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Naguib Mechawar
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Verdun, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Lee H, Metz A, McDiarmid A, Palmos A, Lee SH, Curtis CJ, Patel H, Newhouse SJ, Thuret S. The effects of genotype on inflammatory response in hippocampal progenitor cells: A computational approach. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 15:100286. [PMID: 34345870 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell culture models are valuable tools to study biological mechanisms underlying health and disease in a controlled environment. Although their genotype influences their phenotype, subtle genetic variations in cell lines are rarely characterised and taken into account for in vitro studies. To investigate how the genetic makeup of a cell line might affect the cellular response to inflammation, we characterised the single nucleotide variants (SNPs) relevant to inflammation-related genes in an established hippocampal progenitor cell line (HPC0A07/03C) that is frequently used as an in vitro model for hippocampal neurogenesis (HN). SNPs were identified using a genotyping array, and genes associated with chronic inflammatory and neuroinflammatory response gene ontology terms were retrieved using the AmiGO application. SNPs associated with these genes were then extracted from the genotyping dataset, for which a literature search was conducted, yielding relevant research articles for a total of 17 SNPs. Of these variants, 10 were found to potentially affect hippocampal neurogenesis whereby a majority (n=7) is likely to reduce neurogenesis under inflammatory conditions. Taken together, the existing literature seems to suggest that all stages of hippocampal neurogenesis could be negatively affected due to the genetic makeup in HPC0A07/03C cells under inflammation. Additional experiments will be needed to validate these specific findings in a laboratory setting. However, this computational approach already confirms that in vitro studies in general should control for cell lines subtle genetic variations which could mask or exacerbate findings.
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Zahr NM, Pohl KM, Kwong AJ, Sullivan EV, Pfefferbaum A. Preliminary Evidence for a Relationship between Elevated Plasma TNFα and Smaller Subcortical White Matter Volume in HCV Infection Irrespective of HIV or AUD Comorbidity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094953. [PMID: 34067023 PMCID: PMC8124321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical inflammation in response to bacterial, parasitic, or viral infections such as HIV includes local recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages and the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Proposed biomarkers of organ integrity in Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD) include elevations in peripheral plasma levels of proinflammatory proteins. In testing this proposal, previous work included a group of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals as positive controls and identified elevations in the soluble proteins TNFα and IP10; these cytokines were only elevated in AUD individuals seropositive for hepatitis C infection (HCV). The current observational, cross-sectional study evaluated whether higher levels of these proinflammatory cytokines would be associated with compromised brain integrity. Soluble protein levels were quantified in 86 healthy controls, 132 individuals with AUD, 54 individuals seropositive for HIV, and 49 individuals with AUD and HIV. Among the patient groups, HCV was present in 24 of the individuals with AUD, 13 individuals with HIV, and 20 of the individuals in the comorbid AUD and HIV group. Soluble protein levels were correlated to regional brain volumes as quantified with structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition to higher levels of TNFα and IP10 in the 2 HIV groups and the HCV-seropositive AUD group, this study identified lower levels of IL1β in the 3 patient groups relative to the control group. Only TNFα, however, showed a relationship with brain integrity: in HCV or HIV infection, higher peripheral levels of TNFα correlated with smaller subcortical white matter volume. These preliminary results highlight the privileged status of TNFα on brain integrity in the context of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M. Zahr
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (K.M.P.); (A.P.)
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-650-859-5243
| | - Kilian M. Pohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (K.M.P.); (A.P.)
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA;
| | - Allison J. Kwong
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94350, USA;
| | | | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (K.M.P.); (A.P.)
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA;
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Yeung AWK. Structural and functional changes in the brain of patients with Crohn's disease: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:807-18. [PMID: 32333318 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00291-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiple reports for brain functional and structural alterations in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) were published. The current study aimed to meta-analyze the existing neuroimaging data and hence produce a brain map revealing areas with functional and structural differences between patients with CD and healthy controls. Original studies published until 2019 were identified from Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases, and included into the analysis if they reported relevant results from task-related or resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI or rsfMRI) or voxel-based morphometry (VBM), in the form of standardized brain coordinates based on whole-brain analysis. The brain coordinates and sample size of significant results were extracted from eligible studies to be meta-analyzed with the activation likelihood estimation method using the GingerALE software. Sixteen original studies comprised of a total of 865 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Compared to healthy controls, patients with CD had reduced resting state brain connectivity in the paracentral lobule and cingulate gyrus as well as reduced grey matter volume in the medial frontal gyrus. No significant results were found vice versa. These neural correlates allow a better understanding on the effects of CD on the pain expectation, emotion, and quality of life of patients and potentially serve as useful biomarkers for evaluating treatment efficacy.
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Abstract
Microglia have been recently shown to manifest a very interesting phenotypical heterogeneity across different regions in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). However, the underlying mechanism and functional meaning of this phenomenon are currently unclear. Baseline diversities of adult microglia in their cell number, cellular and subcellular structures, molecular signature as well as relevant functions have been discovered. But recent transcriptomic studies using bulk RNAseq and single-cell RNAseq have produced conflicting results on region-specific signatures of microglia. It is highly speculative whether such spatial heterogeneity contributes to varying sensitivities of individual microglia to the same physiological and pathological signals in different CNS regions, and hence underlie their functional relevance for CNS disease development. This review aims to thoroughly summarize up-to-date knowledge on this specific topic and provide some insights on the potential underlying mechanisms, starting from microgliogenesis. Understanding regional heterogeneity of microglia in the context of their diverse neighboring neurons and other glia may provide an important clue for future development of innovative therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Long Tan
- Psychiatry Research Centre, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Li Tian
- Psychiatry Research Centre, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
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Leehr EJ, Redlich R, Zaremba D, Dohm K, Böhnlein J, Grotegerd D, Kähler C, Repple J, Förster K, Opel N, Meinert S, Enneking V, Bürger C, Hahn T, Wilkens E, Dernbecher M, Kugel H, Arolt V, Dannlowski U. Structural and functional neural correlates of vigilant and avoidant regulation style. J Affect Disord 2019; 258:96-101. [PMID: 31400629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulation of emotional arousal is a relevant factor for mental health. The investigation of neural underpinnings of regulation styles in healthy individuals may provide important insights regarding potential risk factors. To fill the gap of structural correlates of regulation styles and to expand previous results, we focused on the association between brain structure, neural responsiveness and vigilant/avoidant regulation style. METHODS In n = 302 healthy individuals regulation style was assessed with the Mainz Coping Inventory (MCI). Participants underwent structural and functional MRI during an emotion-processing paradigm. Structural MRI (voxel-based morphometry) and functional MRI were analysed in two regions of interest (amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex [ACC]). RESULTS Regulation styles did not show an association with brain structure after correction for gender, age, trait anxiety, depressive symptoms. During emotion processing, a vigilant regulation style was negatively associated with ACC activation. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional study in a non-pathological sample is not adequate to unveil causalities or draw conclusions regarding prevention interventions. CONCLUSION Regulation styles are associated with specific neural activation patterns. The association of a high-vigilant regulation style and low ACC activation during emotion processing in healthy participants might be a potential risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth J Leehr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Ronny Redlich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Dario Zaremba
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Katharina Dohm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Joscha Böhnlein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Claas Kähler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Jonathan Repple
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Katharina Förster
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Nils Opel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Verena Enneking
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Christian Bürger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Tim Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Elena Wilkens
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Marius Dernbecher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Harald Kugel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G A1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Volker Arolt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, G 9A, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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Zhou R, Wang F, Zhao G, Xia W, Peng D, Mao R, Xu J, Wang Z, Hong W, Zhang C, Wang Y, Su Y, Huang J, Yang T, Wang J, Chen J, Palaniyappan L, Fang Y. Effects of tumor necrosis factor-α polymorphism on the brain structural changes of the patients with major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:217. [PMID: 30310056 PMCID: PMC6181976 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0256-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Single Nucleotide Polymorphic (SNP) variations of proinflammatory cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) have been reported to be closely associated with the major depressive disorder (MDD). However, it is unclear if proinflammatory genetic burden adversely affects the regional gray matter volume in patients with MDD. The aim of this study was to test whether rs1799724, an SNP of TNF-α, contributes to the neuroanatomical changes in MDD. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 144 MDD patients and 111 healthy controls (HC) well matched for age, sex and education were recruited from Shanghai Mental Health Center. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) followed by graph theory based structural covariance analysis was applied to locate diagnosis x genotype interactions. Irrespective of diagnosis, individuals with the high-risk genotype (T-carriers) had reduced volume in left angular gyrus (main effect of genotype). Diagnosis x genotype interaction was exclusively localized to the visual cortex (right superior occipital gyrus). The same region also showed reduced volume in patients with MDD than HC (main effect of diagnosis), with this effect being most pronounced in patients carrying the high-risk genotype. However, neither global nor regional network of structural covariance was found to have group difference. In conclusion, a genetic variation which can increase TNF-α expression selectively affects the anatomy of the visual cortex among the depressed subjects, with no effect on the topographical organization of multiple cortical regions. This supports the notion that anatomical changes in depression are in part influenced by the genetic determinants of inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubai Zhou
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China ,0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDepartment of EEG & Neuroimaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China ,0000 0004 1936 8884grid.39381.30Robarts Research Institute& The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada
| | - Fan Wang
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China ,0000 0004 1769 9639grid.460018.bDepartment of Psychology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Weiping Xia
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China ,0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDepartment of Medical Psychology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Daihui Peng
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruizhi Mao
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuowei Wang
- Hongkou District Mental Health Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Wu Hong
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Wang
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yousong Su
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Huang
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Yang
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cDivision of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic disorders, Shanghai, China. .,Department of EEG & Neuroimaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai, China. .,Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic disorders, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lena Palaniyappan
- Robarts Research Institute& The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada. .,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Yiru Fang
- Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic disorders, Shanghai, China.
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Suchanek-Raif R, Raif P, Kowalczyk M, Paul-Samojedny M, Kucia K, Merk W, Kowalski J. Polymorphic Variants of TNFR2 Gene in Schizophrenia and Its Interaction with -308G/A TNF-α Gene Polymorphism. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:8741249. [PMID: 30254506 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8741249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Many data showed a role of inflammation and dysfunction of immune system as important factors in the risk of schizophrenia. The TNFR2 receptor is a molecule that adapts to both areas. Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) is a receptor for the TNF-α cytokine which is a strong candidate gene for schizophrenia. The serum level of TNFR2 was significantly increased in schizophrenia and associated with more severe symptoms of schizophrenia. Methods We examined the association of the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3397, rs1061622, and rs1061624) in TNFR2 gene with a predisposition to and psychopathology of paranoid schizophrenia in Caucasian population. The psychopathology was measured by a five-factor model of the PANSS scale. We also assessed a haplotype analysis with the -308G/A of TNF-α gene. Results Our case-control study (401 patients and 657 controls) revealed that the genetic variants of rs3397, rs1061622, and rs1061624 in the TNFR2 gene are associated with a higher risk of developing schizophrenia and more severe course in men. However, the genotypes with polymorphic allele for rs3397 SNP are protective for women. The rs1061624 SNP might modulate the appearance of the disease in relatives of people with schizophrenia. The CTGG haplotype build with tested SNPs of TNFR2 and SNP -308G/A of TNF-α has an association with a risk of schizophrenia in Caucasian population depending on sex. Our finding is especially true for the paranoid subtypes of schizophrenia.
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Abstract
The first Food and Drug Administration-(FDA)-approved drugs were small, chemically-manufactured and highly active molecules with possible off-target effects, followed by protein-based medicines such as antibodies. Conventional antibodies bind a specific protein and are becoming increasingly important in the therapeutic landscape. A very prominent class of biologicals are the anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drugs that are applied in several inflammatory diseases that are characterized by dysregulated TNF levels. Marketing of TNF inhibitors revolutionized the treatment of diseases such as Crohn’s disease. However, these inhibitors also have undesired effects, some of them directly associated with the inherent nature of this drug class, whereas others are linked with their mechanism of action, being pan-TNF inhibition. The effects of TNF can diverge at the level of TNF format or receptor, and we discuss the consequences of this in sepsis, autoimmunity and neurodegeneration. Recently, researchers tried to design drugs with reduced side effects. These include molecules with more specificity targeting one specific TNF format or receptor, or that neutralize TNF in specific cells. Alternatively, TNF-directed biologicals without the typical antibody structure are manufactured. Here, we review the complications related to the use of conventional TNF inhibitors, together with the anti-TNF alternatives and the benefits of selective approaches in different diseases.
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Redlich R, Opel N, Bürger C, Dohm K, Grotegerd D, Förster K, Zaremba D, Meinert S, Repple J, Enneking V, Leehr E, Böhnlein J, Winters L, Froböse N, Thrun S, Emtmann J, Heindel W, Kugel H, Arolt V, Romer G, Postert C, Dannlowski U. The Limbic System in Youth Depression: Brain Structural and Functional Alterations in Adolescent In-patients with Severe Depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018; 43:546-554. [PMID: 29039414 PMCID: PMC5770774 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2017.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent-onset major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of recurrent depressive episodes, suicidal behaviors, and psychiatric morbidity throughout the lifespan. The objective of the present study was to investigate brain structural and functional changes in adolescent patients with MDD. Furthermore, we aimed to clarify the influence of early-life stress on brain function and structure. The study investigated adolescent patients with severe MDD (n=20, mean age=16.0, range=15-18 years) and a control sample of matched healthy adolescents (n=21, mean age=16.6, range=15-18 years). Functional MRI data were obtained using a face-matching paradigm to investigate emotion processing. Structural MRI data were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). In line with previous studies on adult MDD, adolescent patients showed elevated amygdala activity to negative and reduced amygdala activity to positive emotional stimuli. Furthermore, MDD patients showed smaller hippocampal volumes compared to healthy adolescents. Higher levels of childhood maltreatment were associated with smaller hippocampal volumes in both depressed patients and healthy controls, whereby no associations between amygdala reactivity and childhood maltreatment were found. Our results suggest that hippocampal alterations in youth MDD patients may at least partly be traced back to higher occurrence of early-life adverse experiences. Regarding the strong morphometric impact of childhood maltreatment and its distinctly elevated prevalence in MDD populations, this study provides an alternative explanation for frequently observed limbic structural abnormalities in depressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronny Redlich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, A9, Muenster 48149, Germany, Tel: +49-251-8357214, Fax: +49-251-8358641, E-mail:
| | - Nils Opel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Bürger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Dohm
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Dario Zaremba
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jonathan Repple
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Verena Enneking
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Leehr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Joscha Böhnlein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lena Winters
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Neele Froböse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sophia Thrun
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julia Emtmann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Walter Heindel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Kugel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Volker Arolt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Georg Romer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Postert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Department of Applied Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Bochum, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Suchanek-Raif R, Kucia K, Kowalczyk M, Raif P, Paul-Samojedny M, Fila-Daniłow A, Kowalski J. Association Study of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 ( TNFR1) Gene Polymorphisms with Schizophrenia in the Polish Population. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:6016023. [PMID: 29317797 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6016023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a devastating mental disorder with undetermined aetiology. Previous research has suggested that dysregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors plays a role in developing schizophrenia. We examined the association of the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs4149576, rs4149577, and rs1860545) in the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) gene with the development and psychopathology of paranoid schizophrenia in the Polish Caucasian sample consisting of 388 patients and 657 control subjects. The psychopathology was assessed using a five-factor model of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). SNPs were genotyped using the TaqMan 5'-exonuclease allelic discrimination assay. The SNPs tested were not associated with a predisposition to paranoid schizophrenia in either the entire sample or after stratification according to gender. However, rs4149577 and rs1860545 SNPs were associated with the intensity of the PANSS excitement symptoms in men, which may contribute to the risk of violent behavior. Polymorphisms in the TNFR1 gene may have an impact on the symptomatology of schizophrenia in men.
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