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Zhao C, Wang T, Yu D, Li W. Physical exercise habits are related with reduced prevalence of falling among elderly women in China. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:653. [PMID: 38066469 PMCID: PMC10704620 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02808-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although some studies have examined the association between exercise and falls, most have focused on specific exercises, and the results have been inconsistent. In addition, there is a lack of evidence on elderly Chinese women who have different living and exercise habits compared to those in other countries. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether physical exercise is associated with falls in elderly Chinese women. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1429 elderly Chinese women with a mean age of 69.2 years. Information on physical exercise habits and fall experiences was collected using a self-report questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between physical exercise habits and falls. RESULTS The results showed that 15% participants had a fall in the past year. After adjusting for confounding factors, the odd ratios (ORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) for fall experiences across categories of exercise frequency were as follow: 1 (reference) for no exercise behavior, 0.50 (0.29, 0.85) for exercise 1 to 5 times a week, and 0.37 (0.25, 0.55) for exercise more than 6 times a week. Furthermore, the ORs (95% CIs) across categories of exercise insistence were 1 (reference) for less than 1 year, 0.78 (0.37, 1.65) for 1 to 3 years, and 0.38 (0.20, 0.74) for more than 3 years. In terms of exercise duration, the ORs (95% CIs) for < 1 h/day, 1-2 h/day, and > 2 h/day were 1 (reference), 0.85 (0.53, 1.36), and 2.80 (1.30, 6.05). Unlike other variables, longer exercise duration was associated unfavorably with falls. CONCLUSION Physical exercise habits were associated with falls in elderly Chinese women. Keeping a proper exercise habit may contribute to lower risk of falling in elderly women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiqing Zhao
- Division of Physical Education, Myongji University, Seoul, 03674, South Korea.
| | - Tongling Wang
- Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dawei Yu
- Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Physical Education, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu Province, 223003, People's Republic of China
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What is the relationship between falls, functional limitations, and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults? The role of living alone. Maturitas 2023; 168:78-83. [PMID: 36521395 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although the association between falls and depressive symptoms is well documented, the mechanisms underlying this association remain largely unexplored. We investigated the mediation role of functional limitations in the association between falls and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults and determined whether the living arrangement (living alone or not) is a significant moderator of the above-mentioned mediation pathway. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale short form (CESD-10), on which higher scores indicate higher levels of depressive symptoms. RESULTS We used the harmonized China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study national baseline data (2011-2012 year) involving 7410 participants aged 60 years and over. After adjusting for covariates (e.g., age and sex), the effects of falls on depressive symptoms were seen to be mediated by functional limitations among Chinese older adults (β = 0.82, p < .001). The moderated mediation analysis, which assesses whether an indirect effect is conditional on values of a moderating variable, found that the mediation effect was contingent upon the living arrangement (β = -0.60, p = .029). Specifically, the levels of functional limitations and depressive symptoms were higher for people with falls who were living with others relative to those living alone. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that functional limitations are an important intervening variable that links falls to depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults. Interventions to promote older adults' physical function and prevent falls are recommended to decrease the risk of depressive symptoms. These interventions can particularly benefit those who live with others.
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Hsu YC, Wang H, Zhao Y, Chen F, Tsui KL. Automatic Recognition and Analysis of Balance Activity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Algorithm Validation. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e30135. [PMID: 34932008 PMCID: PMC8726020 DOI: 10.2196/30135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical mobility and balance assessments identify older adults who have a high risk of falls in clinics. In the past two decades, sensors have been a popular supplement to mobility and balance assessment to provide quantitative information and a cost-effective solution in the community environment. Nonetheless, the current sensor-based balance assessment relies on manual observation or motion-specific features to identify motions of research interest. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to develop an automatic motion data analytics framework using signal data collected from an inertial sensor for balance activity analysis in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS In total, 59 community-dwelling older adults (19 males and 40 females; mean age = 81.86 years, SD 6.95 years) were recruited in this study. Data were collected using a body-worn inertial measurement unit (including an accelerometer and a gyroscope) at the L4 vertebra of each individual. After data preprocessing and motion detection via a convolutional long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network, a one-class support vector machine (SVM), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and k-nearest neighborhood (k-NN) were adopted to classify high-risk individuals. RESULTS The framework developed in this study yielded mean accuracies of 87%, 86%, and 89% in detecting sit-to-stand, turning 360°, and stand-to-sit motions, respectively. The balance assessment classification showed accuracies of 90%, 92%, and 86% in classifying abnormal sit-to-stand, turning 360°, and stand-to-sit motions, respectively, using Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment-Balance (POMA-B) criteria by the one-class SVM and k-NN. CONCLUSIONS The sensor-based approach presented in this study provided a time-effective manner with less human efforts to identify and preprocess the inertial signal and thus enabled an efficient balance assessment tool for medical professionals. In the long run, the approach may offer a flexible solution to relieve the community's burden of continuous health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Hsu
- School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hailiang Wang
- School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Frank Chen
- Department of Management Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok-Leung Tsui
- School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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Pang BWJ, Wee SL, Lau LK, Jabbar KA, Seah WT, Ng DHM, Tan QLL, Chen KK, Jagadish MU, Ng TP. Sensorimotor Performance and Reference Values for Fall Risk Assessment in Community-Dwelling Adults: The Yishun Study. Phys Ther 2021; 101:6123360. [PMID: 33513229 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to answer the following questions: What are the reference values of sensorimotor performance for fall risk in community-dwelling adults? How do population norms compare with that of other populations? Are younger adults at risk of falls? METHODS In a cross-sectional study design, sensorimotor functions and fall risk scores of community-dwelling adults were assessed and calculated to derive corresponding fall risk categories. Reference values were determined using the average scores by age group. A total of 542 community-dwelling adults were recruited (21-90 years old) across 10-year (21-60 years) and 5-year age groups (>60 years) to obtain a representative sample of community-dwelling adults in Singapore. Five physiological domains were assessed: vision, proprioception, muscle strength, reaction time, and postural balance according to the Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA). Fall risk scores and the corresponding fall risk profiles were generated from an online calculator. RESULTS Sensorimotor performance and PPA fall risk scores were significantly worse for increasing age categories. Females had significantly slower reaction time, lower muscle strength, and higher fall risk. The representative sample of older adults (≥65 years) performed poorer in postural sway (z = -0.50) and reaction time (z = -0.55), but better in proprioception (z = 0.29) and vision (z = 0.23) compared with Caucasian norms. Among younger adults (21-59 years), 36.8% appeared to exhibit higher fall risk. CONCLUSION This study presents important reference data and compared sensorimotor functions and physiological fall risk across age groups of community-dwelling adults in a Southeast Asian population. Poor sensorimotor performance and fall risk appear already pertinent in younger adults. Further studies are warranted to improve understanding of fall risk among younger adults. IMPACT In physical therapist practice, PPA reference values can aid clinicians in the development of targeted interventions tailored towards an individual's physiological risk profile, addressing specific physiological systems that require particular attention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiou-Liang Wee
- Geriatric Education and Research Institute, Singapore.,Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
| | - Lay Khoon Lau
- Geriatric Education and Research Institute, Singapore
| | | | - Wei Ting Seah
- Geriatric Education and Research Institute, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | - Tze Pin Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Woo MT, Davids K, Chow JY, Jaakkola T. Acute effects of wearing compression knee-length socks on ankle joint position sense in community-dwelling older adults. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245979. [PMID: 33556067 PMCID: PMC7869987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional proprioceptive information is required to allow an individual to interact with the environment effectively for everyday activities such as locomotion and object manipulation. Specifically, research suggests that application of compression garments could improve proprioceptive regulation of action by enhancing sensorimotor system noise in individuals of different ages and capacities. However, limited research has been conducted with samples of elderly people thus far. This study aimed to examine acute effects of wearing knee-length socks (KLS) of various compression levels on ankle joint position sense in community-dwelling, older adults. A total of 26 participants (12 male and 14 female), aged between 65 and 84 years, were randomly recruited from local senior activity centres in Singapore. A repeated-measures design was used to determine effects on joint position awareness of three different treatments–wearing clinical compression socks (20–30 mmHg); wearing non-clinical compression socks (< 20 mmHg); wearing normal socks, and one control condition (barefoot). Participants were required to use the dominant foot to indicate 8 levels of steepness (2.5°, 5°, 7.5°, 10°, 12.5°, 15°, 17.5°, and 20°), while standing on a modified slope box, in a plantar flexion position. Findings showed that wearing clinical compression KLS significantly reduced the mean absolute errors compared to the barefoot condition. However, there were no significant differences observed between other KLS and barefoot conditions. Among the KLS of various compression levels, results suggested that only wearing clinical compression KLS (20–30 mmHg) improved the precision of estimation of ankle joint plantar flexion movement, by reducing absolute performance errors in elderly people. It is concluded that wearing clinical compression KLS could potentially provide an affordable strategy to ameliorate negative effects of ageing on the proprioception system to enhance balance and postural control in community-dwelling individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Teng Woo
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,School of Sports, Health and Leisure, Republic Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith Davids
- Centre for Sports Engineering Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jia Yi Chow
- Physical Education and Sports Science, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Timo Jaakkola
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Ho VWT, Chen C, Merchant RA. Cumulative Effect of Visual Impairment, Multimorbidity, and Frailty on Intrinsic Capacity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Aging Health 2019; 32:670-676. [DOI: 10.1177/0898264319847818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: We aim to determine the prevalence of vision impairment (VI) and its cumulative impact on multimorbidity, frailty, physical and cognitive function, and quality of life. Method: In all, 780 community-dwelling older adults were interviewed for demographic data and a one-off physical activity screening. Covariate measurements include vision via Snellen chart, multimorbidity, five-item FRAIL (Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, & Loss of Weight) scale and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Outcome variables taken were Barthel Index, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale, grip strength, Timed Up and Go (TUG), and EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D). Results: In all, 426 (54.6%) were female, mean age was 71.3 ± 0.2 years; 240 (30.8%) had VI. The interaction between VI, multimorbidity, and frailty significantly impacts grip strength, TUG, quality of life, and IADL. Discussion: Our study is the first to look at the interaction of VI, multimorbidity, frailty, and its combined impact on key domains of intrinsic capacity. Our results further support vision screening to enable aging in place and highlight importance of screening for frailty and cognition in those with VI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda W. T. Ho
- National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Reshma Aziz Merchant
- National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
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Xia SF, Shao J, Zhao SY, Qiu YY, Teng LP, Huang W, Wang SS, Cheng XR, Jiang YY. Niga-ichigoside F1 ameliorates high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in male mice by Nrf2 activation. Food Funct 2018; 9:906-916. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01051f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Niga-ichigoside F1 ameliorated high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis by increasing Nrf2 nuclear translocation to regulate lipid metabolism genes expression in livers of C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fang Xia
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Jing Shao
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Shu-Ying Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Yu-Yu Qiu
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Li-Ping Teng
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Wei Huang
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | | | - Xiang-Rong Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food
| | - Yu-Yu Jiang
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
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