1
|
Ou-Yang H, Yang SH, Chen W, Yang SH, Cidem A, Sung LY, Chen CM. Cruciform DNA Structures Act as Legible Templates for Accelerating Homologous Recombination in Transgenic Animals. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3973. [PMID: 35409332 PMCID: PMC9000021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inverted repeat (IR) DNA sequences compose cruciform structures. Some genetic disorders are the result of genome inversion or translocation by cruciform DNA structures. The present study examined whether exogenous DNA integration into the chromosomes of transgenic animals was related to cruciform DNA structures. Large imperfect cruciform structures were frequently predicted around predestinated transgene integration sites in host genomes of microinjection-based transgenic (Tg) animals (αLA-LPH Tg goat, Akr1A1eGFP/eGFP Tg mouse, and NFκB-Luc Tg mouse) or CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing (GE) animals (αLA-AP1 GE mouse). Transgene cassettes were imperfectly matched with their predestinated sequences. According to the analyzed data, we proposed a putative model in which the flexible cruciform DNA structures acted as a legible template for DNA integration into linear DNAs or double-strand break (DSB) alleles. To demonstrate this model, artificial inverted repeat knock-in (KI) reporter plasmids were created to analyze the KI rate using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in NIH3T3 cells. Notably, the KI rate of the 5′ homologous arm inverted repeat donor plasmid (5′IR) with the ROSA gRNA group (31.5%) was significantly higher than the knock-in reporter donor plasmid (KIR) with the ROSA gRNA group (21.3%, p < 0.05). However, the KI rate of the 3′ inverted terminal repeat/inverted repeat donor plasmid (3′ITRIR) group was not different from the KIR group (23.0% vs. 22.0%). These results demonstrated that the legibility of the sequence with the cruciform DNA existing in the transgene promoted homologous recombination (HR) with a higher KI rate. Our findings suggest that flexible cruciform DNAs folded by IR sequences improve the legibility and accelerate DNA 3′-overhang integration into the host genome via homologous recombination machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ou-Yang
- Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (H.O.-Y.); (S.-H.Y.); (A.C.)
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Hsuan Yang
- Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (H.O.-Y.); (S.-H.Y.); (A.C.)
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 515, Taiwan
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan;
| | - Shang-Hsun Yang
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Abdulkadir Cidem
- Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (H.O.-Y.); (S.-H.Y.); (A.C.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum 25250, Turkey
| | - Li-Ying Sung
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (H.O.-Y.); (S.-H.Y.); (A.C.)
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Rong-Hsing Translational Medicine Research Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
New approaches to the genetic study of bleeding diathesis in our center: from sanger to next-generation sequencing. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2022; 33:S19-S21. [PMID: 35088770 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
3
|
Borràs N, Castillo-González D, Comes N, Martin-Fernandez L, Rivero-Jiménez RA, Chang-Monteagudo A, Ruiz-Moleón V, Garrote-Santana H, Vidal F, Macías-Abraham C. Molecular study of a large cohort of 109 haemophilia patients from Cuba using a gene panel with next generation sequencing-based technology. Haemophilia 2021; 28:125-137. [PMID: 34708896 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In several countries, molecular diagnosis of haemophilia A (HA) and B (HB) is hampered by a lack of resources for DNA analysis. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled gene analysis at a reasonable cost. AIM Describe a collaboration between Cuban and Spanish researchers to identify candidate variants and investigate the molecular epidemiology of 106 Cuban haemophilia patients using NGS. PATIENTS/METHODS The molecular analysis protocol included well-established LR-PCR procedures to detect F8 inversions, NGS with a 30-gene panel to sequence F8 and F9, and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification to identify large structural variants. RESULTS One-hundred and thirty-one candidate variants were identified along F8, F9, and VWF; 72 were unique and 28 (39%) had not been previously recorded. Putative variants were identified in 105/106 patients. Molecular characterization enabled confirmation and reclassification of: 90 HA (85%), 15 HB (14%), and one type 2N VWD (1%). Null variants leading to non-production of FVIII or FIX were common in severe HA (64%), moderate HA (74%), and severe HB (60%), whereas missense variants were frequent in mild HA (57%) and moderate or mild HB (83%). Additional variants in VWF were identified in 16 patients. CONCLUSION This is the first description of the molecular epidemiology of HA and HB in Cuba. Variants identified in index cases will be of value for local implementation of familial studies and prenatal diagnosis using the molecular approaches available in Cuba. The results of this protocolled genetic study improved the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis and will facilitate management of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Borràs
- Congenital Coagulopathies Laboratory, Blood and Tissue Bank, Barcelona, Spain.,Transfusion Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (VHIR-UAB), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Natalia Comes
- Congenital Coagulopathies Laboratory, Blood and Tissue Bank, Barcelona, Spain.,Transfusion Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (VHIR-UAB), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Martin-Fernandez
- Congenital Coagulopathies Laboratory, Blood and Tissue Bank, Barcelona, Spain.,Transfusion Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (VHIR-UAB), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Francisco Vidal
- Congenital Coagulopathies Laboratory, Blood and Tissue Bank, Barcelona, Spain.,Transfusion Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (VHIR-UAB), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang L, Li L, Lin S, Chen J, Li K, Fan D, Jin W, Li Y, Yang X, Xiong Y, Li F, Yang X, Li M, Li Q. Molecular analysis of 76 Chinese hemophilia B pedigrees and the identification of 10 novel mutations. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1482. [PMID: 32875744 PMCID: PMC7667291 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophilia B (HB) is an X-linked recessive inherited bleeding disorder caused by mutations in the F9 gene that lead to plasma factor IX deficiency. To identify the causative mutations in HB, a molecular analysis of HB pedigrees in China was performed. METHODS Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and an in-house bioinformatics pipeline, 76 unrelated HB pedigrees were analyzed. The mutations identified were validated by comparison with the results of Sanger sequencing or Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification assays. The pathogenicity of the causative mutations was classified following the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. RESULTS The mutation detection rate was 94.74% (72/76) using NGS. Of the 76 HB pedigrees analyzed, 59 causative variants were found in 72 pedigrees, with 38 (64.41%) missense mutations, 9 (15.25%) nonsense mutations, 2 (3.39%) splicing mutations, 5 (8.47%) small deletions, 4 (6.78%) large deletions, and 1 intronic mutation (1.69%). Of the 59 different F9 mutations, 10 were novel: c.190T>G, c.199G>T, c.290G>C, c.322T>A, c.350_351insACAATAATTCCTA, c.391+5delG, c.416G>T, c.618_627delAGCTGAAACC, c.863delA, and c.1024_1027delACGA. Of these 10 novel mutations, a mosaic mutation, c.199G>T(p.Glu67Ter), was identified in a sporadic HB pedigree. Using in-silico analysis, these novel variants were predicted to be disease-causing. However, no potentially causative mutations were found in the F9 coding sequences of the four remaining HB pedigrees. In addition, two HB pedigrees carrying additional F8/F9 mutations were discovered. CONCLUSION The identification of these mutations enriches the spectrum of F9 mutations and provides further insights into the pathogenesis of HB in the Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limin Huang
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyan Li
- Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Li
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Fan
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wangjie Jin
- Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihong Li
- Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Clinical Innovation & Research Center (CIRC), Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yufeng Xiong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fenxia Li
- Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuexi Yang
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dou X, Poon M, Yang R. Haemophilia care in China: Achievements in the past decade. Haemophilia 2020; 26:759-767. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.14101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood DiseasesTianjin China
| | - Man‐Chiu Poon
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics and Oncology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine The Southern Alberta Rare Blood and Bleeding Disorders Comprehensive Care Program, Foothills Medical Centre, Alberta Health ServicesCalgary AB Canada
| | - Renchi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood DiseasesTianjin China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lv X, Li T, Li H, Liu HY, Wang Z, Guo ZP. Genetic analysis of a hemophilia B family with a novel F9 gene mutation: A STROBE-compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15688. [PMID: 31124946 PMCID: PMC6571360 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, there are no effective methods for the treatment of hemophilia B, and it has high mortality and disability. Therefore, it is very important for the carriers to carry out genetic counseling and make prenatal diagnosis. In this study, we made gene and prenatal diagnoses in a family with a novel F9 gene mutation, and report a novel F9 gene mutation.All exon sequences and flanking sequences of F9 gene were analyzed by Sanger sequencing in the proband; and then according to the F9 gene mutation in the proband, the F9 gene sequencing was performed on the family members. Based on the above results, the pathogenic mutation in F9 gene was finally identified, which was used for prenatal diagnosis.Sanger sequencing revealed c.1232G>C [p.Ser411Thr] mutation in F9 gene in the proband. c.1232G>C heterozygous mutation was also found in the proband's mother and grandmother, but male family members without hemophilia B had no this mutation. The analyses of amniotic fluid samples indicated positive sex-determining region on Y chromosome (SRY), and no c.1232G>C [p.Ser411Thr] mutation in F9 gene.We identified a pathogenic mutation in F9 gene in the family, made a prenatal diagnosis for the female carrier and reported a novel F9 gene mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Lv
- Department of Health Management, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Tao Li
- Medicine laboratory, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, the Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery
| | | | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Zhi-ping Guo
- Henan Luoyang Orthopaedics Institute
- Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mutational Profiles of F8 and F9 in a Cohort of Haemophilia A and Haemophilia B Patients in the Multi-ethnic Malaysian Population. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2018; 10:e2018056. [PMID: 30210749 PMCID: PMC6131101 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2018.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Haemophilia A (HA) and Haemophilia B (HB) are X-linked blood disorders that are caused by various mutations in the factor VIII (F8) and factor IX (F9) genes respectively. Identification of mutations is essential as some of the mutations are associated with the development of inhibitors. This study is the first comprehensive study of the F8 mutational profile in Malaysia. Materials and methods We analysed 100 unrelated HA and 15 unrelated HB patients for genetic alterations in the F8 and F9 genes by using the long-range PCR, DNA sequencing, and the multiplex-ligation-dependent probe amplification assays. The prediction software was used to confirm the effects of these mutations on factor VIII and IX proteins. Results 44 (53%) of the severe HA patients were positive for F8 intron 22 inversion, and three (3.6%) were positive for intron one inversion. There were 22 novel mutations in F8, including missense (8), frameshift (9), splice site (3), large deletion (1) and nonsense (1) mutations. In HB patients, four novel mutations were identified including the splice site (1), small deletion (1), large deletion (1) and missense (1) mutation. Discussion The mutational spectrum of F8 in Malaysian patients is heterogeneous, with a slightly higher frequency of intron 22 inversion in these severe HA patients when compared to other Asian populations. Identification of these mutational profiles in F8 and F9 genes among Malaysian patients will provide a useful reference for the early detection and diagnosis of HA and HB in the Malaysian population.
Collapse
|
8
|
Lyu C, Shen J, Wang R, Gu H, Zhang J, Xue F, Liu X, Liu W, Fu R, Zhang L, Li H, Zhang X, Cheng T, Yang R, Zhang L. Targeted genome engineering in human induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with hemophilia B using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:92. [PMID: 29625575 PMCID: PMC5889534 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Replacement therapy for hemophilia remains a lifelong treatment. Only gene therapy can cure hemophilia at a fundamental level. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats–CRISPR associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system is a versatile and convenient genome editing tool which can be applied to gene therapy for hemophilia. Methods A patient’s induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) using episomal vectors. The AAVS1-Cas9-sgRNA plasmid which targets the AAVS1 locus and the AAVS1-EF1α-F9 cDNA-puromycin donor plasmid were constructed, and they were electroporated into the iPSCs. When insertion of F9 cDNA into the AAVS1 locus was confirmed, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was carried out to detect the off-target issue. The iPSCs were then differentiated into hepatocytes, and human factor IX (hFIX) antigen and activity were measured in the culture supernatant. Finally, the hepatocytes were transplanted into non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency disease (NOD/SCID) mice through splenic injection. Results The patient’s iPSCs were generated from PBMNCs. Human full-length F9 cDNA was inserted into the AAVS1 locus of iPSCs of a hemophilia B patient using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. No off-target mutations were detected by WGS. The hepatocytes differentiated from the inserted iPSCs could secrete hFIX stably and had the ability to be transplanted into the NOD/SCID mice in the short term. Conclusions PBMNCs are good somatic cell choices for generating iPSCs from hemophilia patients. The iPSC technique is a good tool for genetic therapy for human hereditary diseases. CRISPR-Cas9 is versatile, convenient, and safe to be used in iPSCs with low off-target effects. Our research offers new approaches for clinical gene therapy for hemophilia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0839-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Haihui Gu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Feng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiaofan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Rongfeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Huiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- Division of Regenerative Medicine MC1528B, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11234 Anderson Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Renchi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy of Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| |
Collapse
|