Research Trends on Clinical Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Bibliometric Analysis from 1983 to 2020

Hotspots and frontiers in Helicobacter pylori biofilm research: A bibliometric and visualization analysis from 1998 to 2023

Background

Helicobacterpylori (H. pylori) biofilm formation is a key factor in refractory H. pylori infection. The aim of this study was to understand research trends in H. pylori biofilms.

Methods

The Web of Science Core Collection database was used to retrieve publications published from 1998 to 2023. Different kinds of software, EXCEL, an online bibliometric analysis platform, and the VOS viewer were used to evaluate and visualize the bibliometric data.

Results

In total, 184 publications were identified, and the number of publications increased annually. The USA made the greatest contributions to this research field, while Helicobacter was the most productive journal. Grande rossella published the most papers, and the most productive institution was Gabriele D'Annunzio university. Co-occurrence network maps revealed that the keyword "Helicobacter pylori" ranked first in research field, and the keyword of "biofilm formation" and "in vitro" began to appear in the past three to five years. The majority of the five most-cited articles (60%) were published in USA and focused on the mechanism of H. pylori biofilm formation.

Conclusion

The annual number of publications on H. pylori biofilms has increased steadily over the past two decades and will continue to increase. Future studies should focus on evaluate the pharmacological effects, efficacy and safety of these anti-biofilm treatments in animal models and clinical trials.

Research trends on artificial intelligence and endoscopy in digestive diseases: A bibliometric analysis from 1990 to 2022

BACKGROUND

Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in gastrointestinal endoscopy examinations.

AIM

To comprehensively evaluate the application of AI-assisted endoscopy in detecting different digestive diseases using bibliometric analysis.

METHODS

Relevant publications from the Web of Science published from 1990 to 2022 were extracted using a combination of the search terms “AI” and “endoscopy”. The following information was recorded from the included publications: Title, author, institution, country, endoscopy type, disease type, performance of AI, publication, citation, journal and H-index.

RESULTS

A total of 446 studies were included. The number of articles reached its peak in 2021, and the annual citation numbers increased after 2006. China, the United States and Japan were dominant countries in this field, accounting for 28.7%, 16.8%, and 15.7% of publications, respectively. The Tada Tomohiro Institute of Gastroenterology and Proctology was the most influential institution. “Cancer” and “polyps” were the hotspots in this field. Colorectal polyps were the most concerning and researched disease, followed by gastric cancer and gastrointestinal bleeding. Conventional endoscopy was the most common type of examination. The accuracy of AI in detecting Barrett’s esophagus, colorectal polyps and gastric cancer from 2018 to 2022 is 87.6%, 93.7% and 88.3%, respectively. The detection rates of adenoma and gastrointestinal bleeding from 2018 to 2022 are 31.3% and 96.2%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

AI could improve the detection rate of digestive tract diseases and a convolutional neural network-based diagnosis program for endoscopic images shows promising results.

Efficacy of tegoprazan-based bismuth quadruple therapy compared with bismuth quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study

BACKGROUND

Bismuth-based quadruple therapy (BQT) is recommended as the first-line empirical therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication as it is not associated with resistance. However, few studies have investigated the use of potassium-competitive acid blockers for BQT.

AIM

To investigate the efficacy and safety profiles of tegoprazan-based BQT (TBMT) versus lansoprazole-based BQT (LBMT) for H. pylori eradication.

METHODS

We included patients older than 18 with an H. pylori infection without a history of H. pylori eradication who visited four university-affiliated hospitals between March 2020 and December 2021. H. pylori infection was diagnosed using a rapid urease test or Giemsa staining. Patients were randomly assigned to the TBMT or LBMT group.

RESULTS

217 subjects were randomly allocated to receive either TBMT (n = 108) or LBMT (n = 109) therapy. Intention-to-treat (ITT) eradication rates of TBMT and LBMT were 80.0% and 77.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: -8.4 to 13.7, p = 0.0124), respectively. Corresponding modified ITT rates were 90.3% and 84.5% (95% CI: -3.6 to 15.2, p = 0.0005), respectively. Per-protocol (PP) eradication rates of TBMT and LBMT were 90.2% and 82.4% (95% CI: -2.5 to 18.2, p = 0.0003), respectively. There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse events between the TBMT and LBMT groups (39.1% vs. 43.4%, p = 0.5211). TBMT showed higher eradication rates than that of LBMT in ITT, m-ITT, and PP analysis.

CONCLUSION

TBMT showed a noninferior eradication rate and similar adverse events to LBMT as a first-line eradication regimen. Our results suggest that tegoprazan might be substituted for proton pump inhibitors in H. pylori eradication regimens.

A Bibliometric Analysis on the Research Trend of Exercise and the Gut Microbiome

This article aims to provide an overview of research hotspots and trends in exercise and the gut microbiome, a field which has recently gained increasing attention. The relevant publications on exercise and the gut microbiome were identified from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The publication types were limited to articles and reviews. VOSviewer 1.6.18 (Centre for Science and Technology Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands) and the R package "bibliometrix" (R Foundation: Vienna, Austria) were used to conduct a bibliometric analysis. A total of 327 eligible publications were eventually identified, including 245 original articles and 82 reviews. A time trend analysis showed that the number of publications rapidly increased after 2014. The leading countries/regions in this field were the USA, China, and Europe. Most of the active institutions were from Europe and the USA. Keyword analysis showed that the relationship between disease, the gut microbiome, and exercise occurs throughout the development of this field of research. The interactions between the gut microbiota, exercise, status of the host's internal environment, and probiotics, are important facets as well. The research topic evolution presents a trend of multidisciplinary and multi-perspective comprehensive analysis. Exercise might become an effective intervention for disease treatment by regulating the gut microbiome. The innovation of exercise-centered lifestyle intervention therapy may become a significant trend in the future.

Application of biomaterials in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori: A bibliometric analysis and overview

Helicobacter pylori is a prominent cause of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. It is naturally colonized on the surface of the mucus layer and mucosal epithelial cells of the gastric sinus, surrounded not only by mucus layer with high viscosity that prevents the contact of drug molecules with bacteria but also by multitudinous gastric acid and pepsin, inactivating the antibacterial drug. With high-performance biocompatibility and biological specificity, biomaterials emerge as promising prospects closely associated with H. pylori eradication recently. Aiming to thoroughly summarize the progressing research in this field, we have screened 101 publications from the web of science database and then a bibliometric investigation was performed on the research trends of the application of biomaterials in eradicating H. pylori over the last decade utilizing VOSviewer and CiteSpace to establish the relationship between the publications, countries, institutions, authors, and most relevant topics. Keyword analysis illustrates biomaterials including nanoparticles (NPs), metallic materials, liposomes, and polymers are employed most frequently. Depending on their constituent materials and characterized structures, biomaterials exhibit diverse prospects in eradicating H. pylori regarding extending drug delivery time, avoiding drug inactivation, target response, and addressing drug resistance. Furthermore, we overviewed the challenges and forthcoming research perspective of high-performance biomaterials in H. pylori eradication based on recent studies.

Biologic therapy for Crohn’s disease over the last 3 decades

BACKGROUND

Despite the overload of publications on Crohn’s disease (CD), no comprehensive analysis of biologic therapy for CD has been reported.

AIM

To determine knowledge gaps and identify areas of interest of biologic therapy for CD.

METHODS

The top 100 highest-cited original articles were identified from January 1991 to December 2020 in the Clarivate Analytics Web of Science Core Collection database. We conducted a bibliometric analysis of biologic therapy for CD based on total citations, summarized the bibliographic information of the articles related to CD biologic therapy, and explored the research hotspots.

RESULTS

The top 100 highest-cited original articles were identified with total citations ranging from 307 to 2978. The 2000s (Period II, n = 66) yielded the most influential original articles and saw the most dramatic growth. Among the top 10 countries, including 8 European countries and 2 North American countries, the United States (n = 37) and Belgium (n = 20) contributed the most publications. Among the top 10 institutions, the University Hospital Gasthuisberg in Belgium (n = 23), the University of Chicago in the United States (n = 20), and the Mayo Clinic in the United States (n = 17) published the most papers. Regarding authors, Rutgeerts P in Belgium (n = 32), Sandborn WJ in the United States (n = 23), and Feagan BG in Canada (n = 18) published the highest number of studies. The cooperation relationships between the United States and Europe were most frequent. Gastroenterology (impact factor = 22.682) published the most articles on biologic therapy for CD (n = 32) with 17654 total citations. Anti-tumor necrosis factor biologics and monoclonal antibodies were the most studied topics.

CONCLUSION

The bibliometric analysis emphasized the key contributions to the development of the specialized field. These data would provide useful research insights into biologic therapy for CD for clinicians and researchers.