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Soğukpınar Önsüren A, Eroğlu H, Aksoy C. Faculty of sports science students, physical education teachers, and athletes' level of knowledge and attitude about mouthguards. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:57. [PMID: 38195420 PMCID: PMC10775664 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03675-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Traumatic dental injury occurs during sports competitions, training, and practice and can be prevented by the use of mouthguards. For this reason, this study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of sports science faculty students, physical education teachers, and athletes about mouthguards. METHODS Five hundred thirty-two participants were reached via social media. In the questionnaire consisting of 20 questions, questions about the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants were asked in part 1, and questions about their level of knowledge and attitudes about the mouthguards were asked in part 2. Descriptive statistical analysis and a chi-square test were used to evaluate the data. RESULTS The number of people who think that mouthguards protect the athlete from traumatic dental injury is 381 (71.6%). The number of people who think that mouthguards affect the performance of the athlete is positively 228 (42.9%). To protect against traumatic dental injury, 51.48% of the participants preferred the custom-made; 39.3% of them preferred the boil-bite; 33.22% of them preferred the standard/stock type mouth guard; and 22.96% of them preferred the helmet, and 18.26% of them preferred the face mask. CONCLUSIONS The knowledge and attitude of sports science faculty students, physical education teachers, and athletes are low about mouthguards. Since these people who are engaged in sports have a high exposure to traumatic dental injuries, education should be given to increase their awareness about mouthguards.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hüseyin Eroğlu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Cemil Aksoy
- Faculty of Sports Science, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
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Cao R, Zhang X, Xu Y, Zhao W, Qiu P, Liu W. Influence of wearing mouthguards on performance among athletes: A systematic review. J Sci Med Sport 2023; 26:493-503. [PMID: 37524627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While the use of mouthguards is well established to prevent orofacial and dental trauma occurrence, limited evidence exists regarding their influence on athletic performance. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the effect of wearing mouthguards on athletic performance. DESIGN Systematic review. METHODS An extensive search was performed in the databases of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library for studies published up to August 2022. Only peer-reviewed studies involving humans in vivo and investigating the use of mouthguards on performance among athletes were included. Quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. RESULTS The initial query yielded 4785 citations, of which 41 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 852 athletes. Overall, wearing mouthguards was found to improve athletic performance compared to the control group (without mouthguards). Custom-made mouthguards were found to be more effective in enhancing athletic performance compared to other types of mouthguards. CONCLUSIONS Wearing mouthguards should be advocated by athletes not only for the prevention of orofacial and dental trauma but also for their potential improvements in athletic performance in specific actions. However, caution must be exercised in interpreting these findings due to the variability in outcome measures and the lack of important methodological details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongkai Cao
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China
| | - Xuehan Zhang
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China
| | - Yifan Xu
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China
| | - Piaopiao Qiu
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China
| | - Weicai Liu
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China.
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Roberts HW. Sports mouthguard overview: Materials, fabrication techniques, existing standards, and future research needs. Dent Traumatol 2023; 39:101-108. [PMID: 36436198 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sports mouthguards are proven devices that reduce both the probability of and damage to orofacial tissues. While commonly used, clinicians may be unaware of the different sports mouthguard materials, proposed fabrication techniques, design recommendations, and newer digital fabrication methods. An overview of existing sports mouthguard standards is presented. It identifies that identify that the present requirements, while historically chosen in good faith, appear to be arbitrarily selected and not from clinical evidence-based derived data. In addition, identified sports mouthguard heterogeneous testing and data acquisition methods distinguishes that little possibility is afforded for the correlation of results. Furthermore, updated evidence with concussion prevention and/or alleviation is presented with evidence provided by sports mouthguard imbedded technology. The need for continued research is stressed to provide evidence-based data for concussion alleviation/prevention, digital fabrication methods and materials, and clinically based information for the revision of existing standards.
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Herzog J, Göttfert F, Maurer-Grubinger C, Holzgreve F, Oremek G, Groneberg DA, Ohlendorf D. Improvement of cervical spine mobility and stance stability by wearing a custom-made mandibular splint in male recreational athletes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278063. [PMID: 36520807 PMCID: PMC9754227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The range of motion (ROM) of the cervical spine and postural stability are important for an economical and motorically adequate adaptation of the body to any situation. Therefore, this study aims to analyze whether these two components of postural and movement control can be influenced by means of a splint in a centric position compared to habitual occlusion. METHODS 38 recreational male athletes volunteered. Cervical spine ROM was recorded using an ultrasound system and the a pressure measuring plate for postural stability (length of center of pressure (CoP) movement, area of CoP). The two dental occlusion conditions employed were the habitual occlusion and wearing a splint in an idealized, condylar position close to the centric position. Level of significance was set at ρ ≤ 0.05. RESULTS The cervical spine mobility increased significantly by wearing the splint regarding rotation to the left (+3.9%) and right (+2.7%) and lateral flexion to the left (+4.4%) and right (+6.7%). Wearing the splint reduced the area of sway deflections by about 31.5% in the bipedal stance and by about 2.4% (left) and 28.2% (right) in the unipedal stance. The CoP trace was reduced in the sagittal plane by approximately 8.2% in the right single-leg stance. CONCLUSIONS The major findings seem to demonstrate that wearing a splint that keeps the jaw close to the centric relation may increase the cervical ROM and may improve balance stability in male recreational athletes. Changing the jaw relation in athletes can possibly aid the release of performance potentials by improving coordination skills.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christian Maurer-Grubinger
- Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environment Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Fabian Holzgreve
- Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environment Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerhard Oremek
- Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environment Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David A. Groneberg
- Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environment Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniela Ohlendorf
- Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environment Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Meyfarth SRS, Rodrigues KAB, Von Held R, Sarkis P, Gouvea Junior LEC, Antunes LAA, Antunes LS. An analysis of athletes' knowledge, acceptance and usability toward custom-made mouthguards: uncontrolled before–after study. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-00919-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Dias A, Redinha L, Tavares F, Silva L, Malaquias F, Pezarat-Correia P. The effect of a controlled mandible position mouthguard on upper body strength and power in trained rugby athletes - A randomized within subject study. Injury 2022; 53:457-462. [PMID: 34785082 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely accepted that mouthguards are effective for injury protection in sports. However, findings on the effects of mouthguards in strength and power production remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether controlled-mandible position mouthguards influence strength and power production in well trained athletes. METHODS Twenty-two male amateur rugby players (25 ± 3.84 yrs; 1.92 ± 0.07 m; 93.91 ± 11.99 kg) volunteered for this study. Every participant performed an 1RM bench press test (113.20 ± 16.83 kg) to determine his maximal strength. In a randomized order, a ballistic bench press using 40% of the obtained 1RM (44.93 ± 6.76 Kg) was performed in a guided bar attached to a linear position transducer (LPT) for the following conditions: a) no mouthguard (CON); b) controlled mouthguard (MCM - jaw in centric relation); c) non-controlled mouthguard (NCM) and d) occlusal splint (OS). Vertical dimension of occlusion was also assessed for each of the testing conditions. RESULTS Athletes using a controlled mouthguard demonstrate a significant (p < 0.05) higher peak acceleration and peak force than those using no mouthguard. Additionally, when analysing the results of vertical dimension of occlusion, a significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed between controlled mouthguard and the other tested conditions. CONCLUSION Controlled mouthguards enhance peak force and peak acceleration in the ballistic bench press exercise without negatively affecting any other measure assessed in this study. We speculate that this is possibly due to an increased stability of temporomandibular joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amândio Dias
- Neuromuscular Research Lab, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Science and Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, School of Higher Education, Setúbal, Portugal; Kinesiolab - Laboratory of Human Movement Analysis, Instituto Piaget, Almada, Portugal.
| | - Luís Redinha
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francisco Tavares
- Medical and Performance Department, Sporting clube de Portugal, Portugal
| | - Luís Silva
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, United States; NOVA School of Science and Technology, Largo da Torre, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Frederico Malaquias
- Neuromuscular Research Lab, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pezarat-Correia
- Neuromuscular Research Lab, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Gallagher J, Fine P, Ashley P, Needleman I. Developing the role of the sports dentist. Br Dent J 2021; 231:544-546. [PMID: 34773016 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-3612-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sports dentistry has traditionally focused on orofacial trauma. There is now increasing evidence that participation in sport, particularly at elite level, may significantly increase the risks to oral health. The negative impact of poor oral health on athlete-reported wellbeing and performance is clear. The risks to athlete oral health can and should be mitigated and the role of the sports dentist is evolving to meet these new challenges. Custom-made mouthguards provide protection against orofacial trauma and potentially, concussion. Oral health screening should be included in athlete pre-season preparation. As integrated members of the athlete support team, dentists and dental care professionals can provide sport-specific oral health advice, encouraging athletes to take ownership of their oral health. The potential for translational health and wellbeing benefits to the wider population is also substantial, particularly with youth groups and recreational athletes. Sports dentistry requires distinctive skills. A UK-wide network of dentists and other oral health professionals with an interest in sport is important, to ensure that both appropriate advice and treatment is evidence-based and to further develop the research and clinical foundations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Gallagher
- University College London, Eastman Dental Institute, Centre for Oral Health and Performance, Rockefeller Building, 21 University Street, London, WC1E 6DE, UK.
| | - Peter Fine
- University College London, Eastman Dental Institute, Centre for Continuing Professional Development, London, UK
| | - Paul Ashley
- University College London, Eastman Dental Institute, Centre for Oral Health and Performance, Rockefeller Building, 21 University Street, London, WC1E 6DE, UK
| | - Ian Needleman
- University College London, Eastman Dental Institute, Centre for Oral Health and Performance, Rockefeller Building, 21 University Street, London, WC1E 6DE, UK
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Moraes VG, Guimaraes LS, Silva EAB, Antunes LAA, Franchini R, Antunes LS. Minimally invasive approach supported by the use of mouthguard in the treatment of sport-related root fracture: a case report. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BURNS AND TRAUMA 2021; 11:226-233. [PMID: 34336389 PMCID: PMC8310876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
All sporting activities have an associated risk of orofacial injuries that can affect the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). A custom-made mouthguard can be used as an adjuvant treatment for faster recovery of an athlete to resume sporting activities. This case report described a minimally invasive approach by use of mouthguard for treating sport-related root fracture and its impact on OHRQoL. In a dental trauma care program, the patient was treated by repositioning the coronary portion and the confection of a splint. It was opted to not realize the endodontic treatment and the patient was inserted in a rigorous clinical and radiographic follow-up. A custom-made mouthguard was made, which allowed for the immediate return of athletes to practicing sports. The athlete's OHRQoL was negatively impacted by dental trauma, but the treatment proposed was associated with the use of custom-made mouthguards. After 2 years, the absence of radiographical lesions and a positive response to sensibility tests were observed. The success of the minimally invasive approach was attributed to immediate conduct following dental trauma, the implementation of follow-up, and associated with the use of custom-made mouthguard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Gomes Moraes
- Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal UniversityNova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Livia Azeredo Alves Antunes
- Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal UniversityNova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Specific Formation, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal UniversityNova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Romulo Franchini
- Department of Basic Science, Fluminense Federal UniversityNova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Santos Antunes
- Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal UniversityNova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Specific Formation, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal UniversityNova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
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Development of a Wearable Mouth Guard Device for Monitoring Teeth Clenching during Exercise. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21041503. [PMID: 33671506 PMCID: PMC7926888 DOI: 10.3390/s21041503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Teeth clenching during exercise is important for sports performance and health. Recently, several mouth guard (MG)-type wearable devices for exercise were studied because they do not disrupt the exercise. In this study, we developed a wearable MG device with force sensors on both sides of the maxillary first molars to monitor teeth clenching. The force sensor output increased linearly up to 70 N. In four simple occlusion tests, the trends exhibited by the outputs of the MG sensor were consistent with those of an electromyogram (EMG), and the MG device featured sufficient temporal resolution to measure the timing of teeth clenching. When the jaw moved, the MG sensor outputs depended on the sensor position. The MG sensor output from the teeth-grinding test agreed with the video-motion analysis results. It was comparatively difficult to use the EMG because it contained a significant noise level. Finally, the usefulness of the MG sensor was confirmed through an exercise tolerance test. This study indicated that the developed wearable MG device is useful for monitoring clenching timing and duration, and the degree of clenching during exercise, which can contribute to explaining the relationship between teeth clenching and sports performance.
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Maurer C, Holzgreve F, Erbe C, Wanke EM, Kopp S, Groneberg DA, Ohlendorf D. Influence of dental occlusion conditions on plantar pressure distribution during standing and walking - A gender perspective. Med Eng Phys 2021; 88:47-53. [PMID: 33485513 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate gender-specific influences of different symmetric and asymmetric occlusion conditions on postural control during standing and walking. The study involved 59 healthy adult volunteers (41 f/19 m) aged between 22 and 53 years (30.2 ± 6.3 years). Postural control measurements were carried out using a pressure plate by measuring plantar pressure distribution during standing and walking test conditions. Seven different occlusion conditions were tested. Prior to a MANOVA model analysis, the relationship between the two test conditions were checked using a factor analysis with a varying number of factors (between 2 and 10). The plantar pressure distributions during walking and standing are independent test conditions. The coefficient of variance across all variables between the conditions and genders was not significant: t(46) = 1.51 (p = 0.13). No statement can be made whether, or not, the influence of gender is greater than the influence of the conditions. Healthy male and female test subjects did not show any difference between seven occlusion conditions on the plantar pressure distribution while standing or walking. No differences between the genders were found for any of the investigated variables. In contrast to custom-made occlusion splints, simple cotton rolls appear not to influence the neuromuscular system in a systematic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Maurer
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - F Holzgreve
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - C Erbe
- Department for Orthodontics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - E M Wanke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - S Kopp
- School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - D A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - D Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany.
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de Souza BC, Carteri RB, Lopes AL, Lima DLF. Occurrence and patterns of orofacial injury in CrossFit practitioners. Dent Traumatol 2020; 37:302-306. [PMID: 33188561 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CrossFit is an activity that can provide positive influences on body composition and physical fitness. However, the occurrence or pattern of possible injuries, especially in the orofacial region, has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and patterns of orofacial injuries in CrossFit practitioners. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study carried out using an online questionnaire on the Google Forms platform. The volunteers were self-selected men and women who practice CrossFit and reside in Brazilian municipalities. The online survey was conducted during April 2020 and comprised 12 questions. The data were analyzed, categorized, and presented as percentages. RESULTS These were 65 (27.8%) participants who reported having suffered at least one episode of orofacial trauma and they were more prevalent during training sessions 58 (89.2%). Among the regions with the highest frequency of injuries, the head 23 (21%), mental protuberance 22 (19.6%), upper lip 19 (16.9%), and maxillary teeth 14 (12.5%) were the most cited. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of injuries in the head region indicates a potential concern. Preference should be given to making mouthguards for the maxillary teeth, as they are significantly more affected by trauma during CrossFit when compared to the mandibular teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - André Luiz Lopes
- South-Brazilian Institute of Courses and Qualifications - ISulbra / College QI, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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12
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Maurer-Grubinger C, Avaniadi I, Adjami F, Christian W, Doerry C, Fay V, Fisch V, Gerez A, Goecke J, Kaya U, Keller J, Krüger D, Pflaum J, Porsch L, Wischnewski C, Scharnweber B, Sosnov P, Oremek G, Groneberg DA, Ohlendorf D. Systematic changes of the static upper body posture with a symmetric occlusion condition. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:636. [PMID: 32979920 PMCID: PMC7520031 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03655-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Temporary occlusal changes and their influence on the upper body statics are still controversially discussed. Furthermore, concrete statements on whether age- or gender-specific differences in neurophysiological reactions exist are missing. Therefore, it is the aim of this study to evaluate the immediate effects of a symmetrical occlusion blocking on the upper body posture. These effects shall be investigated for both genders and for a larger age range. Methods In this study, 800 (407f/393 m) subjects volunteered aged from 21 to 60 years. Both genders were divided into four age groups according to decades. The three-dimensional upper body posture was measured by using the rasterstereography (ABW-Bodymapper). The habitual static posture was measured in two dental occlusion conditions (a) in rest position and (b) symmetrical blocking in the bicuspid region by cotton rolls. Results A significant reduction of the trunk length (0.72 mm; p < 0.001), an increase of the lumbar (0.30°; p < 0.001) and the thoracic bending angle (0.14°; p = 0.001), a reduction of the spinal forward decline (0.16°; p < 0.001) and a reduction of the scapular distance (0.36 mm; p = 0.001) was found. Gender-specific reactions can only be recorded in scapular distance, in that regard men reduce this distance while over all age groups women did not show a significant change. Discussion Slight gender- and age-independent reactions due to a symmetric occlusion blockade are shown: A gender independent reaction of the spinal related variables in the sagittal plane (thoracic and lumbar flexion angle, trunk length, spinal forward decline). In addition, a gender specific change of the shoulder blade distance could be observed, where men reduced the distance while female did not show a change. However, since these reactions are of a minimum amount, it can be concluded that neurophysiological compensation mechanisms work equally well regardless of age and sex, and the upper body posture of healthy people changes only very slightly due to a temporarily symmetrical altered bite position.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Maurer-Grubinger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - I Avaniadi
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - F Adjami
- Department of Orthodontics, School of dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - W Christian
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Doerry
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - V Fay
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - V Fisch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A Gerez
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Goecke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - U Kaya
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Keller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D Krüger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Department of Orthodontics, School of dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Pflaum
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - L Porsch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Wischnewski
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - B Scharnweber
- Department of Orthodontics, School of dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - P Sosnov
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - G Oremek
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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13
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Flores‐Figueiras C, Zamora‐Olave C, Willaert E, Martinez‐Gomis J. Effect of thickness and occlusal accommodation on the degree of satisfaction with mouthguard use among water polo players: A randomized crossover trial. Dent Traumatol 2020; 36:670-679. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Flores‐Figueiras
- Department of Prosthodontics School of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Carla Zamora‐Olave
- Department of Prosthodontics School of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona Spain
| | - Eva Willaert
- Department of Prosthodontics School of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona Spain
| | - Jordi Martinez‐Gomis
- Department of Prosthodontics School of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona Spain
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14
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Allison P, Tamimi F. Mouthguards should be worn in contact sports. Br J Sports Med 2020; 54:1016-1017. [PMID: 32220853 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Allison
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Faleh Tamimi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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