Preparation of a novel and stable iron fortifier: self‐assembled iron‐whey protein isolate fibrils nanocomposites

Enhancing lipid digestion and absorption rate: The role of whey protein isolate short fibrils in emulsions

Lipid serve as a crucial energy source during prolonged endurance exercise, and whey protein isolate (WPI) is commonly applied in food emulsions to modulate lipid digestibility. Herein, we prepared WPI short fibrils, <400 nm in length, to stabilize emulsion and increase lipid digestion and absorption rates. Specifically, a 2 % (w/v) WPI solution was adjusted to pH 2 and heated at 90 °C for 6 h to produce long fibrils, followed by 168 h of shear force treatment to obtain short fibrils. Compared to native WPI and long fibrils, short fibrils exhibited smaller molecular weight and higher surface hydrophobicity. Both short and long fibrils showed no cytotoxic effects on BRL and HEK-293 cells. Emulsions stabilized by short fibrils displayed excellent emulsifying capacity and stability, along with favorable dispersion during in vitro digestion. Importantly, the short fibrils emulsion improved in vitro digestion rate of lipids and promoted the rapid lipid absorption in vivo. These findings suggest that modifying protein fibrils around oil droplets can modulate lipid digestibility, with short fibrils offering potential to improve lipid absorption in functional foods tailored for personalized nutrition in extreme endurance exercise.

Eco-friendly bio-nanocomposites: pioneering sustainable biomedical advancements in engineering

Biomedical nanocomposites, which are an upcoming breed of mischievous materials, have ushered in a new dimension in the healthcare sector. Incorporating these materials tends to boost features this component already possesses and give might to things these components could not withstand alone. The biopolymer, which carries the nanoparticles, can simultaneously improve the composite's stiffness and biological characteristics, and vice versa. This increases the options of the composite and the number of times it can be used. The bio-nanocomposites and nanoparticles enable the ecocompatibility of the medicine in their biodegradability, and they, in this way, have ecological sustainability. The outcome is the improved properties of medicine and its associated positive impact on the environment. They have broad applications in antimicrobial agents, drug carriers, tissue regeneration, wound care, dentistry, bioimaging, and bone filler, among others. The dissertation on the elements of bio-nanocomposites emphasizes production techniques, their diverse applications in medicine, match-up issues, and future-boasting prospects in the bio-nanocomposites field. Through the utilization of such materials, scientists can develop more suitable for the environment and healthy biomedical solutions, and world healthcare in this way improves as well.