Effect of Clindamycin compared with Ampicillin-Sulbactam as prophylactic antibiotics for wound infections following major surgery for head and neck cancer: A meta-analysis

RETRACTION: Effect of Clindamycin Compared with Ampicillin-Sulbactam as Prophylactic Antibiotics for Wound Infections Following Major Surgery for Head and Neck Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

RETRACTION

Y. Hu, A. Yan, and F. Jiang, "Effect of Clindamycin Compared with Ampicillin-Sulbactam as Prophylactic Antibiotics for Wound Infections Following Major Surgery for Head and Neck Cancer: A Meta-Analysis," International Wound Journal 20, no. 10 (2023): 4151-4158, https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.14312. The above article, published online on 22 July 2023, in Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor in Chief, Professor Keith Harding; and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Following an investigation by the publisher, all parties have concluded that this article was accepted solely on the basis of a compromised peer review process. The editors have therefore decided to retract the article. The authors disagree with the retraction.

Antibiotics May Interfere with Nivolumab Efficacy in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

Patients with the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are often treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Recently, antibiotic intake was reported to lower the efficacy of ICIs in patients with several types of cancers. However, it is unclear if antibiotics affect the efficacy of ICIs in patients with head and neck SCC. We retrospectively assessed the influence of antibiotics on the treatment efficacy of nivolumab, an ICI, in patients with head and neck SCC.

METHODS

We reviewed the medical records of patients with head and neck SCC treated with nivolumab at the Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, between 2017 and 2021. Patients who received oral or intravenous antibiotics from a month before the day of nivolumab initiation to the day of the first imaging evaluation of ICI efficacy were assigned to the antibiotic-treated group. The remaining patients were assigned to the antibiotic-untreated group. The response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival time (OS) of both groups were compared.

RESULTS

Forty-five patients were assigned to the antibiotic-treated group and 19 to the antibiotic-untreated group. The RR, median PFS, and median OS of the antibiotic-treated group were 23.7%, 3.2 months (95% confidential interval [CI]: 2.0-4.1), and 8.4 months (95% CI: 5.3-15.1) and those of the antibiotic-untreated group were 42.1%, 5.8 months (95% CI: 2.3-16.7), and 18.4 months (95% CI: 6.2-23.1), respectively. The PFS of the antibiotic-untreated group was significantly longer than that of the antibiotic-treated group.

CONCLUSION

Our findings indicate that antibiotic treatment significantly shortens the PFS with nivolumab therapy in patients with head and neck SCC.