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Dhillon MK, Tanwar AK, Kumar S, Hasan F, Sharma S, Jaba J, Sharma HC. Biological and biochemical diversity in different biotypes of spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in India. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5735. [PMID: 33707703 PMCID: PMC7970982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of variation in incidence and severity of damage by Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in different geographical regions, it is difficult to identify stable sources of resistance against this pest. Therefore, the present studies were undertaken on biological attributes (damage in resistant and susceptible genotypes, survival and development) and biochemical profiles (amino acids and lipophilic compound) of C. partellus populations from eight geographical regions to understand it's population structure in India. There was a significant variation in biological attributes and biochemical profiles of C. partellus populations from different geographical regions. Based on virulence and biological attributes, similarity index placed the C. partellus populations in five groups. Likewise, lipophilic and amino acid profiling also placed the C. partellus populations in five groups. However, the different clusters based on biological and biochemical attributes did not include populations from the same regions. Similarity index based on virulence, biological attributes, and amino acids and lipophilic profiles placed the C. partellus populations in six groups. The C. partellus populations from Hisar, Hyderabad, Parbhani and Coimbatore were distinct from each other, indicating that there are four biotypes of C. partellus in India. The results suggested that sorghum and maize genotypes need to be tested against these four populations to identify stable sources of resistance. However, there is a need for further studies to establish the restriction in gene flow through molecular approaches across geographical regions to establish the distinctiveness of different biotypes of C. partellus in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh K. Dhillon
- grid.418196.30000 0001 2172 0814Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Aditya K. Tanwar
- grid.418196.30000 0001 2172 0814Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- grid.452695.90000 0001 2201 1649Biochemistry Laboratory, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Fazil Hasan
- grid.418196.30000 0001 2172 0814Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Suraj Sharma
- grid.419337.b0000 0000 9323 1772International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana 502324 India
| | - Jagdish Jaba
- grid.419337.b0000 0000 9323 1772International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana 502324 India
| | - Hari C. Sharma
- grid.419337.b0000 0000 9323 1772International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana 502324 India
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Goftishu M, Assefa Y, Niba A, Fininsa C, Nyamukondiwa C, Capdevielle-Dulac C, Le Ru BP. Phylogeography and Population Structure of the Mediterranean Corn Borer, Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Across Its Geographic Range. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:396-406. [PMID: 30376077 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sesamia nonagrioides (Lefèbvre) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a widespread insect pest in Africa, the Middle East, and Europe. However, its pest status varies across its distribution range. It is a major pest of maize in Europe and of sugarcane in Iran. In Africa, it is a major pest of maize in West Africa but not considered as a pest in East Africa. Recent surveys conducted in 2015 recorded S. nonagrioides to be a major pest of sugarcane in Ethiopia and reported the species for the first time in Botswana, outside its known geographic range. The genetic relationship of these records with the previously recorded population of S. nonagrioides was investigated using the cytochrome oxidase subunit I region of the mitochondrial genome. In total, 113 individuals across the geographic range of the species were analyzed and 63 haplotypes were identified. Phylogenetic analysis separated the populations into two clades with no distinct geographic distribution pattern. The genetic differentiation was also not associated with host plants and geographic distances. Results of the molecular analysis revealed the long-time establishment of S. nonagrioides population in Botswana and identified the newly recorded sugarcane population from Ethiopia as part of the wild host population in the country. The phylogeographic patterns observed among population of S. nonagrioides have probably been shaped by Pleistocene's climatic oscillations and geographic range expansions from different refugia with secondary contact and admixture. Possible reasons for the host-plant expansion by the Ethiopian population are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muluken Goftishu
- School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Yoseph Assefa
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
- Department of Crop Production, University of Swaziland, Luyengo Campus, Swaziland
| | - Augustine Niba
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Chemeda Fininsa
- School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Casper Nyamukondiwa
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Claire Capdevielle-Dulac
- IRD/CNRS, UMR IRD 247 EGCE, Laboratoire Evolution Génomes Comportement et Ecologie, Avenue de la terrasse, BP1, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Bruno Pierre Le Ru
- IRD/CNRS, UMR IRD 247 EGCE, Laboratoire Evolution Génomes Comportement et Ecologie, Avenue de la terrasse, BP1, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
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Brusquetti F, Netto F, Baldo D, Haddad CFB. The influence of Pleistocene glaciations on Chacoan fauna: genetic structure and historical demography of an endemic frog of the South American Gran Chaco. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Brusquetti
- Instituto de Investigación Biológica del Paraguay, Del Escudo, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Flavia Netto
- Instituto de Investigación Biológica del Paraguay, Del Escudo, Asunción, Paraguay
- Itaipu Binacional, División de Áreas Protegidas, Dirección de Coordinación Ejecutiva, Ciudad del Este, Alto Paraná, Paraguay
| | - Diego Baldo
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS, CONICET-UNaM), Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Félix de Azara, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Célio F B Haddad
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências e Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Caixa Postal, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
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Brusquetti F, Netto F, Baldo D, Haddad CFB. What happened in the South American Gran Chaco? Diversification of the endemic frog genus Lepidobatrachus Budgett, 1899 (Anura: Ceratophryidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 123:123-136. [PMID: 29476908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Chaco is one the most neglected and least studied regions of the world. This highly-seasonal semiarid biome is an extensive continuous plain without any geographic barrier, and in spite of its high species diversity, the events and processes responsible have never been assessed. Miocene marine introgressions and Pleistocene glaciations have been mentioned as putative drivers of diversification for some groups of vertebrates in adjacent biomes of southern South America. Here we used multilocus data (one mitochondrial and six nuclear loci) from the three species of the endemic frog genus Lepidobatrachus (Lepidobatrachus asper, Lepidobatrachus laevis, and Lepidobatrachus llanensis) to determine if any of the historical events suggested as drivers of vertebrate diversification in southern South America are related to the diversification of the genus and if the Chaco is indeed a biome without barriers. Using fossil calibration in a coalescent framework we estimated that the genus diversified in the second half of the Miocene, coinciding with marine introgressions. Genetic patterns and historical demography suggest an important role of old archs and cratons as refuges during floods. In one species of the genus, L. llanensis, genetic structure reveals some breaks along the landscape, the main one of which corresponds to an area of the central Chaco that may act as a climatic barrier. Additionally, we found differential effects of the main Chacoan rivers on species of Lepidobatrachus that could be related to the time of persistence of populations in the areas influenced by these rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Brusquetti
- Instituto de Investigación Biológica del Paraguay, Del Escudo 1607, CP 1425 Asunción, Paraguay.
| | - Flavia Netto
- Instituto de Investigación Biológica del Paraguay, Del Escudo 1607, CP 1425 Asunción, Paraguay; Itaipu Binacional, División de Áreas Protegidas, Dirección de Coordinación Ejecutiva, Av. Monseñor Rodriguez 150, Ciudad del Este, Alto Paraná, Paraguay
| | - Diego Baldo
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS, CONICET-UNaM), Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Félix de Azara 1552, CPA N3300LQF, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Célio F B Haddad
- Departamento de Zoologia and Centro de Aquicultura, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Caixa Postal 199, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
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Althoff DM. Specialization in the yucca-yucca moth obligate pollination mutualism: A role for antagonism? AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2016; 103:1803-1809. [PMID: 27555437 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1600053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Specialized brood pollination systems involve both mutualism and antagonism in the overall interaction and have led to diversification in both plants and insects. Although largely known for mutualism, the role of the antagonistic side of the interaction in these systems has been overlooked. Specialization may be driven by plant defenses to feeding by the insect larvae that consume and kill developing plant ovules. The interaction among yuccas and yucca moths is cited as a classic example of the importance of mutualism in specialization and diversification. Pollinators moths are very host specific, but whether this specificity is due to adult pollination ability or larval feeding ability is unclear. Here, I test the potential role of antagonism in driving specialization among yuccas and yucca moths. METHODS I examined the ability of the most-polyphagous yucca moth pollinator, Tegeticula yuccasella, to pollinate and develop on five Yucca species used across its range. Yucca species endemic to the Great Plains and Texas were transplanted to a common garden in Syracuse, New York and exposed to the local pollinator moth population over 3 years. KEY RESULTS Local moths visited all but one of the Yucca species, but had drastically lower rates of successful larval development on non-natal Yucca species in comparison to the local host species. CONCLUSION Specialization in many brood pollination systems may be strongly influenced by the antagonistic rather than the mutualistic side of the overall interaction, suggesting that antagonistic coevolution is a possible source of diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Althoff
- Department of Biology, 107 College Place, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244 USA
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Darwell CT, Fox KA, Althoff DM. The roles of geography and founder effects in promoting host-associated differentiation in the generalist bogus yucca moth Prodoxus decipiens. J Evol Biol 2014; 27:2706-18. [PMID: 25403722 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There is ample evidence that host shifts in plant-feeding insects have been instrumental in generating the enormous diversity of insects. Changes in host use can cause host-associated differentiation (HAD) among populations that may lead to reproductive isolation and eventual speciation. The importance of geography in facilitating this process remains controversial. We examined the geographic context of HAD in the wide-ranging generalist yucca moth Prodoxus decipiens. Previous work demonstrated HAD among sympatric moth populations feeding on two different Yucca species occurring on the barrier islands of North Carolina, USA. We assessed the genetic structure of P. decipiens across its entire geographic and host range to determine whether HAD is widespread in this generalist herbivore. Population genetic analyses of microsatellite and mtDNA sequence data across the entire range showed genetic structuring with respect to host use and geography. In particular, genetic differentiation was relatively strong between mainland populations and those on the barrier islands of North Carolina. Finer scale analyses, however, among sympatric populations using different host plant species only showed significant clustering based on host use for populations on the barrier islands. Mainland populations did not form population clusters based on host plant use. Reduced genetic diversity in the barrier island populations, especially on the derived host, suggests that founder effects may have been instrumental in facilitating HAD. In general, results suggest that the interplay of local adaptation, geography and demography can determine the tempo of HAD. We argue that future studies should include comprehensive surveys across a wide range of environmental and geographic conditions to elucidate the contribution of various processes to HAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Darwell
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
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Testing for coevolutionary diversification: linking pattern with process. Trends Ecol Evol 2013; 29:82-9. [PMID: 24314843 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Coevolutionary diversification is cited as a major mechanism driving the evolution of diversity, particularly in plants and insects. However, tests of coevolutionary diversification have focused on elucidating macroevolutionary patterns rather than the processes giving rise to such patterns. Hence, there is weak evidence that coevolution promotes diversification. This is in part due to a lack of understanding about the mechanisms by which coevolution can cause speciation and the difficulty of integrating results across micro- and macroevolutionary scales. In this review, we highlight potential mechanisms of coevolutionary diversification, outline approaches to examine this process across temporal scales, and propose a set of minimal requirements for demonstrating coevolutionary diversification. Our aim is to stimulate research that tests more rigorously for coevolutionary diversification.
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Zhang M, Yu G, Yang M, Li Y, Wei J, Xu H, Yao Y, Wang L, Zhang X, Rao D, Yang J. Mitochondrial phylogeography of the red-tailed knobby newt (Tylototriton kweichowensis). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Yamashita T, Rhoads DD. Species delimitation and morphological divergence in the scorpion Centruroides vittatus (Say, 1821): insights from phylogeography. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68282. [PMID: 23861878 PMCID: PMC3702564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Scorpion systematics and taxonomy have recently shown a need for revision, partially due to insights from molecular techniques. Scorpion taxonomy has been difficult with morphological characters as disagreement exists among researchers with character choice for adequate species delimitation in taxonomic studies. Within the family Buthidae, species identification and delimitation is particularly difficult due to the morphological similarity among species and extensive intraspecific morphological diversity. The genus Centruroides in the western hemisphere is a prime example of the difficulty in untangling the taxonomic complexity within buthid scorpions. In this paper, we present phylogeographic, Ecological Niche Modeling, and morphometric analyses to further understand how population diversification may have produced morphological diversity in Centruroides vittatus (Say, 1821). We show that C. vittatus populations in the Big Bend and Trans-Pecos region of Texas, USA are phylogeographically distinct and may predate the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In addition, we suggest the extended isolation of Big Bend region populations may have created the C. vittatus variant once known as C. pantheriensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunemi Yamashita
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas Tech University, Russellville, Arkansas, USA.
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Northern origin and diversification in the central lowlands? – Complex phylogeography and taxonomy of widespread day geckos (Phelsuma) from Madagascar. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-013-0143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gehring PS, Pabijan M, Randrianirina JE, Glaw F, Vences M. The influence of riverine barriers on phylogeographic patterns of Malagasy reed frogs (Heterixalus). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2012; 64:618-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Gao B, Qu Y, Song G, Liu H, Lei F. Anonymous single-copy nuclear DNA (scnDNA) markers for Grey-cheeked Fulvetta (Alcippe morrisonia) and Rufous-capped Babbler (Stachyridopsis ruficeps). CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-012-9641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Majure LC, Judd WS, Soltis PS, Soltis DE. Cytogeography of the Humifusa clade of Opuntia s.s. Mill. 1754 (Cactaceae, Opuntioideae, Opuntieae): correlations with pleistocene refugia and morphological traits in a polyploid complex. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2012; 6:53-77. [PMID: 24260652 PMCID: PMC3833768 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v6i1.2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ploidy has been well studied and used extensively in the genus Opuntia to determine species boundaries, detect evidence of hybridization, and infer evolutionary patterns. We carried out chromosome counts for all members of the Humifusa clade to ascertain whether geographic patterns are associated with differences in ploidy. We then related chromosomal data to observed morphological variability, polyploid formation, and consequently the evolutionary history of the clade. We counted chromosomes of 277 individuals from throughout the ranges of taxa included within the Humifusa clade, with emphasis placed on the widely distributed species, Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf., 1820 s.l. and Opuntia macrorhiza Engelm., 1850 s.l. We also compiled previous counts made for species in the clade along with our new counts to plot geographic distributions of the polyploid and diploid taxa. A phylogeny using nuclear ribosomal ITS sequence data was reconstructed to determine whether ploidal variation is consistent with cladogenesis. We discovered that diploids of the Humifusa clade are restricted to the southeastern United States (U.S.), eastern Texas, and southeastern New Mexico. Polyploid members of the clade, however, are much more widely distributed, occurring as far north as the upper midwestern U.S. (e.g., Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin). Morphological differentiation, although sometimes cryptic, is commonly observed among diploid and polyploid cytotypes, and such morphological distinctions may be useful in diagnosing possible cryptic species. Certain polyploid populations of Opuntia humifusa s.l. and Opuntia macrorhiza s.l., however, exhibit introgressive morphological characters, complicating species delineations. Phylogenetically, the Humifusa clade forms two subclades that are distributed, respectively, in the southeastern U.S. (including all southeastern U.S. diploids, polyploid Opuntia abjecta Small, 1923, and polyploid Opuntia pusilla (Haw.) Haw., 1812) and the southwestern U.S. (including all southwestern U.S. diploids and polyploids). In addition, tetraploid Opuntia humifusa s.l., which occurs primarily in the eastern U.S., is resolved in the southwestern diploid clade instead of with the southeastern diploid clade that includes diploid Opuntia humifusa s.l. Our results not only provide evidence for the polyphyletic nature of Opuntia humifusa and Opuntia macrorhiza, suggesting that each of these represents more than one species, but also demonstrate the high frequency of polyploidy in the Humifusa clade and the major role that genome duplication has played in the diversification of this lineage of Opuntia s.s. Our data also suggest that the southeastern and southwestern U.S. may represent glacial refugia for diploid members of this clade and that the clade as a whole should be considered a mature polyploid species complex. Widespread polyploids are likely derivatives of secondary contact among southeastern and southwestern diploid taxa as a result of the expansion and contraction of suitable habitat during the Pleistocene following glacial and interglacial events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas C. Majure
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, U.S.A
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-7800, U.S.A
| | - Walter S. Judd
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, U.S.A
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-7800, U.S.A
| | - Pamela S. Soltis
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-7800, U.S.A
| | - Douglas E. Soltis
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, U.S.A
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-7800, U.S.A
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BEAVIS AMBERS, SUNNUCKS PAUL, ROWELL DAVIDM. Microhabitat preferences drive phylogeographic disparities in two Australian funnel web spiders. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01753.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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SHREVE SCOTTM, MOCKFORD EDWARDL, JOHNSON KEVINP. Elevated genetic diversity of mitochondrial genes in asexual populations of Bark Lice (‘Psocoptera’: Echmepteryx hageni). Mol Ecol 2011; 20:4433-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05298.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Phylogeography of a vanishing North American songbird: the Painted Bunting (Passerina ciris). CONSERV GENET 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-011-0237-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Inference of population history by coupling exploratory and model-driven phylogeographic analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:1190-227. [PMID: 20480016 PMCID: PMC2871112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11041190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the nature, timing and geographic context of historical events and population processes that shaped the spatial distribution of genetic diversity is critical for addressing questions relating to speciation, selection, and applied conservation management. Cladistic analysis of gene trees has been central to phylogeography, but when coupled with approaches that make use of different components of the information carried by DNA sequences and their frequencies, the strength and resolution of these inferences can be improved. However, assessing concordance of inferences drawn using different analytical methods or genetic datasets, and integrating their outcomes, can be challenging. Here we overview the strengths and limitations of different types of genetic data, analysis methods, and approaches to historical inference. We then turn our attention to the potentially synergistic interactions among widely-used and emerging phylogeographic analyses, and discuss some of the ways that spatial and temporal concordance among inferences can be assessed. We close this review with a brief summary and outlook on future research directions.
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Drummond CS, Xue HJ, Yoder JB, Pellmyr O. Host-associated divergence and incipient speciation in the yucca moth Prodoxus coloradensis (Lepidoptera: Prodoxidae) on three species of host plants. Heredity (Edinb) 2009; 105:183-96. [PMID: 20010961 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2009.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide range of evolutionary processes have been implicated in the diversification of yuccas and yucca moths, which exhibit ecological relationships that extend from obligate plant-pollinator mutualisms to commensalist herbivory. Prodoxus coloradensis (Lepidoptera: Prodoxidae) is a yucca moth, which feeds on the flowering stalks of three Yucca species as larvae, but does not provide pollination service. To test for evidence of host-associated speciation, we examined the genetic structure of P. coloradensis using mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I) and nuclear (elongation factor 1 alpha) DNA sequence data. Multilocus coalescent simulations indicate that moths on different host plant species are characterized by recent divergence and low levels of effective migration, with large effective population sizes and considerable retention of shared ancestral polymorphism. Although geographical distance explains a proportion of the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA variation among moths on different species of Yucca, the effect of host specificity on genetic distance remains significant after accounting for spatial isolation. The results of this study indicate that differentiation within P. coloradensis is consistent with the evolution of incipient species affiliated with different host plants, potentially influenced by sex-biased dispersal and female philopatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Drummond
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.
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Parks R, Carbone I, Murphy JP, Cowger C. Population genetic analysis of an Eastern U.S. wheat powdery mildew population reveals geographic subdivision and recent common ancestry with U.K. and Israeli populations. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2009; 99:840-9. [PMID: 19522582 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-99-7-0840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the U.S. wheat powdery mildew population (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) has not been previously investigated, and the global evolutionary history of B. graminis f. sp. tritici is largely unknown. After gathering 141 single-ascosporic B. graminis f. sp. tritici isolates from 10 eastern U.S. locations, 34 isolates from the United Kingdom, and 28 isolates from Israel, we analyzed pathogen population structure using presumptively neutral markers. DNA was extracted from conidia, primers for 12 "housekeeping" genes were designed, and amplicons were examined for polymorphism. Four genes were found to contain a total of 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the U.S. population and were also analyzed in the U.K. and Israeli populations. In total, 25 haplotypes were inferred from the four concatenated genes, with 2 haplotypes comprising over 70% of the U.S. population. Using Hudson's tests and analysis of molecular variance, we found the wheat mildew isolates subdivided into four groups corresponding to distinct regions: the mid-Atlantic United States, the southern United States, the United Kingdom, and Israel. Genotypic diversity was greatest in samples from the United Kingdom, Israel, Virginia, and Kingston, NC. Using rarefaction, a procedure that compensates for differing sample sizes when estimating population richness and diversity, we found that cooler locations with greater conduciveness to regular powdery mildew epidemics had the greatest haplotype richness. Our results suggest that the eastern U.S. B. graminis f. sp. tritici population is young, descended recently from Old World populations with isolation and genetic drift, and is currently subdivided into northern and southern subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Parks
- Department of Plant Pathology, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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GODINHO R, CRESPO E, FERRAND N. The limits of mtDNA phylogeography: complex patterns of population history in a highly structured Iberian lizard are only revealed by the use of nuclear markers. Mol Ecol 2008; 17:4670-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03929.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Domínguez-Domínguez O, Alda F, de León GPP, García-Garitagoitia JL, Doadrio I. Evolutionary history of the endangered fish Zoogoneticus quitzeoensis (Bean, 1898) (Cyprinodontiformes: Goodeidae) using a sequential approach to phylogeography based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data. BMC Evol Biol 2008; 8:161. [PMID: 18503717 PMCID: PMC2435552 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-8-161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 05/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tectonic, volcanic and climatic events that produce changes in hydrographic systems are the main causes of diversification and speciation of freshwater fishes. Elucidate the evolutionary history of freshwater fishes permits to infer theories on the biotic and geological evolution of a region, which can further be applied to understand processes of population divergence, speciation and for conservation purposes. The freshwater ecosystems in Central Mexico are characterized by their genesis dynamism, destruction, and compartmentalization induced by intense geologic activity and climatic changes since the early Miocene. The endangered goodeid Zoogoneticus quitzeoensis is widely distributed across Central México, thus making it a good model for phylogeographic analyses in this area. Results We addressed the phylogeography, evolutionary history and genetic structure of populations of Z. quitzeoensis through a sequential approach, based on both microsatellite and mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences. Most haplotypes were private to particular locations. All the populations analysed showed a remarkable number of haplotypes. The level of gene diversity within populations was H¯d = 0.987 (0.714 – 1.00). However, in general the nucleotide diversity was low, π = 0.0173 (0.0015 – 0.0049). Significant genetic structure was found among populations at the mitochondrial and nuclear level (ΦST = 0.836 and FST = 0.262, respectively). We distinguished two well-defined mitochondrial lineages that were separated ca. 3.3 million years ago (Mya). The time since expansion was ca. 1.5 × 106 years ago for Lineage I and ca. 860,000 years ago for Lineage II. Also, genetic patterns of differentiation, between and within lineages, are described at different historical timescales. Conclusion Our mtDNA data indicates that the evolution of the different genetic groups is more related to ancient geological and climatic events (Middle Pliocene, ca. 3.3 Mya) than to the current hydrographic configuration of the basins. In general, mitochondrial and nuclear data supported the same relationships between populations, with the exception of some reduced populations in highly polluted basins (Lower Lerma River), where the effects of genetic drift are suggested by the different analyses at the nuclear and mitochondrial level. Further, our findings are of special interest for the conservation of this endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Domínguez-Domínguez
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, ICMyL, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C. P. 04510, DF México, México.
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RICH KATHERINEA, THOMPSON JOHNN, FERNANDEZ CATHERINEC. Diverse historical processes shape deep phylogeographical divergence in the pollinating seed parasite Greya politella. Mol Ecol 2008; 17:2430-48. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03754.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Haenel GJ. Phylogeography of the tree lizard,Urosaurus ornatus: responses of populations to past climate change. Mol Ecol 2007; 16:4321-34. [PMID: 17868290 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03515.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Isolation due to both geological barriers and range contractions during the Pleistocene glacial maxima has been an important cause of diversification of arid-adapted species in the North American deserts. Tree lizards, Urosaurus ornatus, are distributed across much of the southwestern arid regions and can tolerate a wide range of environments. Thus, they may have avoided large-scale shifts in distribution caused by Pleistocene climate change and any subsequent evolutionary impacts. Cytochrome b sequences were sampled from U. ornatus across the northern part of their range to test if current structure of these populations resulted from post-Pleistocene range expansion and habitat fragmentation, or prior geological isolation. Phylogenetic analyses found geographical structuring of populations consistent with a model of long-term geographical isolation corresponding to each of the desert regions. The two post-Pleistocene hypotheses were not well supported as estimated times of divergence predated the retreat of the last continental ice sheet. Populations in different regions were impacted by different processes. Southern populations of U. ornatus appear to have remained largely independent of more derived northern and eastern populations during Pleistocene climate change, while populations in regions containing more derived populations showed evidence of more recent range expansion (Colorado Plateau). As populations of U. ornatus attest to, the complex and dynamic history of the southwestern USA has left a deep-rooted and multifaceted imprint on genetic and phylogeographical structure of the species living there.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Haenel
- CB 2625, Elon University, Elon, NC 27244, USA.
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Ahrens ME, Ross KG, Shoemaker DD. PHYLOGEOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF THE FIRE ANTSOLENOPSIS INVICTAIN ITS NATIVE SOUTH AMERICAN RANGE: ROLES OF NATURAL BARRIERS AND HABITAT CONNECTIVITY. Evolution 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2005.tb01822.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E. Ahrens
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin‐Madison, 643 Russell Labs, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Kenneth G. Ross
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602–2603
| | - D. DeWayne Shoemaker
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin‐Madison, 643 Russell Labs, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
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Burns EL, Eldridge MDB, Crayn DM, Houlden BA. Low Phylogeographic Structure in a Wide Spread Endangered Australian Frog Litoria aurea (Anura: Hylidae). CONSERV GENET 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-006-9143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Sezonlin M, Dupas S, Le Rü B, Le Gall P, Moyal P, Calatayud PA, Giffard I, Faure N, Silvain JF. Phylogeography and population genetics of the maize stalk borer Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) in sub-Saharan Africa. Mol Ecol 2006; 15:407-20. [PMID: 16448409 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The population genetics and phylogeography of African phytophagous insects have received little attention. Some, such as the maize stalk borer Busseola fusca, display significant geographic differences in ecological preferences that may be congruent with patterns of molecular variation. To test this, we collected 307 individuals of this species from maize and cultivated sorghum at 52 localities in West, Central and East Africa during the growing season. For all collected individuals, we sequenced a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b. We tested hypotheses concerning the history and demographic structure of this species. Phylogenetic analyses and nested clade phylogeographic analyses (NCPA) separated the populations into three mitochondrial clades, one from West Africa, and two--Kenya I and Kenya II--from East and Central Africa. The similar nucleotide divergence between clades and nucleotide diversity within clades suggest that they became isolated at about the same time in three different refuges in sub-Saharan Africa and have similar demographic histories. The results of mismatch distribution analyses were consistent with the demographic expansion of these clades. Analysis of molecular variance (amova) indicated a high level of geographic differentiation at different hierarchical levels. NCPA suggested that the observed distribution of haplotypes at several hierarchical levels within the three major clades is best accounted for by restricted gene flow with isolation by distance. The domestication of sorghum and the introduction of maize in Africa had no visible effect on the geographic patterns observed in the B. fusca mitochondrial genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sezonlin
- Unité de Recherche IRD 072, CNRS, Laboratoire Populations, Génétique et Evolution, BP1, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
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Alexander HJ, Taylor JS, Sze-Tsun Wu S, Breden F. PARALLEL EVOLUTION AND VICARIANCE IN THE GUPPY (POECILIA RETICULATA) OVER MULTIPLE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL SCALES. Evolution 2006. [DOI: 10.1554/06-288.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jaeger JR, Riddle BR, Bradford DF. Cryptic Neogene vicariance and Quaternary dispersal of the red-spotted toad (Bufo punctatus): insights on the evolution of North American warm desert biotas. Mol Ecol 2005; 14:3033-48. [PMID: 16101772 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We define the geographical distributions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages embedded within a broadly distributed, arid-dwelling toad, Bufo punctatus. These patterns were evaluated as they relate to hypothesized vicariant events leading to the formation of desert biotas within western North America. We assessed mtDNA sequence variation among 191 samples from 82 sites located throughout much of the species' range. Parsimony-based haplotype networks of major identified lineages were used in nested clade analysis (NCA) to further elucidate and evaluate shallow phylogeographic patterns potentially associated with Quaternary (Pleistocene-Holocene) vicariance and dispersal. Phylogenetic analyses provided strong support for three monophyletic lineages (clades) within B. punctatus. The geographical distributions of the clades showed little overlap and corresponded to the general boundaries of the Peninsular Desert, and two continental desert regions, Eastern (Chihuahuan Desert-Colorado Plateau) and Western (Mojave-Sonoran deserts), geographically separated along the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Madre Occidental. The observed divergence levels and congruence with postulated events in earth history implicate a late Neogene (latest Miocene-early Pliocene) time frame for separation of the major mtDNA lineages. Evaluation of nucleotide and haplotype diversity and interpretations from NCA reveal that populations on the Colorado Plateau resulted from a recent, likely post-Pleistocene, range expansion from the Chihuahuan Desert. Dispersal across historical barriers separating major continental clades appear to be recent, resulting in secondary contacts in at least two areas. Given the observed contact between major clades, we speculated as to why the observed deep phylogeographic structure has not been eroded during the multiple previous interglacials of the Pleistocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jef R Jaeger
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4004, USA.
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Johnson SG. Age, phylogeography and population structure of the microendemic banded spring snail, Mexipyrgus churinceanus. Mol Ecol 2005; 14:2299-311. [PMID: 15969715 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02580.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Recent theoretical and empirical studies of phylogeography and population structure indicate that many processes influence intraspecific evolutionary history. The present study represents the first examination of various forces influencing the spatial and temporal patterns of sequence variation in the freshwater Mexican banded spring snail, Mexipyrgus churinceanus. This snail occurs in one of the most critically endangered centres of freshwater endemism, the desert ecosystem of Cuatro Ciénegas. From cytochrome b mtDNA sequence variation, there is strong evidence of long-term isolation of three regions, suggesting that these regions represent evolutionarily distinct lineages. Molecular clock estimates of clade age indicate a time to most recent common ancestor of approximately 2.5 million years ago (Ma). The three regions differ considerably in the historical and demographic forces affecting population structure. The western populations have extremely low mtDNA diversity consistent with a severe bottleneck dating to 50,000 years before present (bp). The nearby Rio Mesquites drainage is characterized by fragmentation events, restricted gene flow with isolation by distance, and higher levels of mtDNA polymorphism. These patterns are consistent with the long-term stability of this drainage along with habitat heterogeneity and brooding contributing to population isolation and restricted gene flow. Southeastern populations show evidence of range expansion and a strong influence of genetic drift. Migration rates between drainages indicate very little gene flow between drainages except for asymmetric migration from the Rio Mesquites into both western and southeastern drainages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.
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Estep MC, Connell MU, Henson RN, Murrell ZE, Small RL. TESTING A VICARIANCE MODEL TO EXPLAIN HAPLOTYPE DISTRIBUTION IN THE PSAMMOPHILIC SCORPION PARUROCTONUS UTAHENSIS. SOUTHWEST NAT 2005. [DOI: 10.1894/0038-4909(2005)050[0150:tavmte]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ahrens ME, Ross KG, Shoemaker DD. PHYLOGEOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF THE FIRE ANT SOLENOPSIS INVICTA IN ITS NATIVE SOUTH AMERICAN RANGE: ROLES OF NATURAL BARRIERS AND HABITAT CONNECTIVITY. Evolution 2005. [DOI: 10.1554/05-067.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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NGUYEN TTT, AUSTIN CM, MEEWAN MM, SCHULTZ MB, JERRY DR. Phylogeography of the freshwater crayfish Cherax destructor Clark (Parastacidae) in inland Australia: historical fragmentation and recent range expansion. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00410.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Duran S, Giribet G, Turon X. Phylogeographical history of the sponge Crambe crambe (Porifera, Poecilosclerida): range expansion and recent invasion of the Macaronesian islands from the Mediterranean Sea. Mol Ecol 2004; 13:109-22. [PMID: 14653793 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.2003.02022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We studied sequence variation in the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS-1 and ITS-2) in 111 individuals from 11 populations/localities of the sponge Crambe crambe across the core species range in the western Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean. We report the first confirmed instance of intragenomic variation in sponges. Phylogeographical, nested clade and population genetic analyses were used to elucidate the species' evolutionary history. The study revealed highly structured populations affected by restricted gene flow and isolation-by-distance. A contiguous range expansion in the whole distribution area of the sponge was inferred. Phylogenetic analyses indicate a recent origin of most sequence types that could be explained by a recent origin of the species or a by recent bottleneck event in the studied area. A recent expansion of the distribution range to the Macaronesian region from the Mediterranean Sea was also detected, suggesting that C. crambe was recently introduced from the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean via human-mediated transport, and that the pattern observed is not the result of a natural biogeographical relationship between these zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Duran
- Department of Animal Biology (Invertebrates), University of Barcelona, 645 Diagonal Avenue, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Godoy JA, Negro JJ, Hiraldo F, Donázar JA. Phylogeography, genetic structure and diversity in the endangered bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus, L) as revealed by mitochondrial DNA. Mol Ecol 2004; 13:371-90. [PMID: 14717893 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.2003.02075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bearded vulture populations in the Western Palearctic have experienced a severe decline during the last two centuries that has led to the near extinction of the species in Europe. In this study we analyse the sequence variation at the mitochondrial control region throughout the species range to infer its recent evolutionary history and to evaluate the current genetic status of the species. This study became possible through the extensive use of museum specimens to study populations now extinct. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of two divergent mitochondrial lineages, lineage A occurring mainly in Western European populations and lineage B in African, Eastern European and Central Asian populations. The relative frequencies of haplotypes belonging to each lineage in the different populations show a steep East-West clinal distribution with maximal mixture of the two lineages in the Alps and Greece populations. A genealogical signature for population growth was found for lineage B, but not for lineage A; futhermore the Clade B haplotypes in western populations and clade A haplo-types in eastern populations are recently derived, as revealed by their peripheral location in median-joining haplotype networks. This phylogeographical pattern suggests allopatric differentiation of the two lineages in separate Mediterranean and African or Asian glacial refugia, followed by range expansion from the latter leading to two secondary contact suture zones in Central Europe and North Africa. High levels of among-population differentiation were observed, although these were not correlated with geographical distance. Due to the marked genetic structure, extinction of Central European populations in the last century re-sulted in the loss of a major portion of the genetic diversity of the species. We also found direct evidence for the effect of drift altering the genetic composition of the remnant Pyrenean population after the demographic bottleneck of the last century. Our results argue for the management of the species as a single population, given the apparent ecological exchangeability of extant stocks, and support the ongoing reintroduction of mixed ancestry birds in the Alps and planned reintroductions in Southern Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Godoy
- Department of Applied Biology, Estación Biológica Doñana, CSIC, Pabellón del Perú, Avda María Luisa, s/n. 41013 Seville, Spain.
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Morando M, Avila LJ, Baker J, Sites JW. PHYLOGENY AND PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF THE LIOLAEMUS DARWINII COMPLEX (SQUAMATA: LIOLAEMIDAE): EVIDENCE FOR INTROGRESSION AND INCOMPLETE LINEAGE SORTING. Evolution 2004. [DOI: 10.1554/03-009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hoffman EA, Blouin MS. EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF THE NORTHERN LEOPARD FROG: RECONSTRUCTION OF PHYLOGENY, PHYLOGEOGRAPHY, AND HISTORICAL CHANGES IN POPULATION DEMOGRAPHY FROM MITOCHONDRIAL DNA. Evolution 2004. [DOI: 10.1554/02-584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Segraves KA, Pellmyr O. TESTING THE OUT-OF-FLORIDA HYPOTHESIS ON THE ORIGIN OF CHEATING IN THE YUCCA–YUCCA MOTH MUTUALISM. Evolution 2004. [DOI: 10.1554/03-489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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