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Shelley JJ, Dempster T, Le Feuvre MC, Unmack PJ, Laffan SW, Swearer SE. A revision of the bioregionalisation of freshwater fish communities in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:4568-4588. [PMID: 31031928 PMCID: PMC6476826 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Australian freshwater fish fauna is very unique, but poorly understood. In the Australian Monsoonal Tropics (AMT) biome of northern Australia, the number of described and candidate species has nearly doubled since the last attempt to analyse freshwater fish species composition patterns and determine a bioregionalisation scheme. Here, we utilise the most complete database of catchment-scale freshwater fish distributions from the AMT to date to: (a) reanalyze spatial patterns of species richness, endemism and turnover of freshwater fishes; (b) propose a biogeographic regionalisation based on species turnover; (c) assess the relationship between species turnover and patterns of environmental change and historic drainage connectivity; and (d) identify sampling gaps. Biogeographic provinces were identified using an agglomerative cluster analysis of a Simpson's beta (β sim) dissimilarity matrix. A generalised dissimilarity model incorporating eighteen environmental variables was used to investigate the environmental correlates of species turnover. Observed and estimated species richness and endemism were calculated and inventory completeness was estimated based on the ratio of observed to estimated species richness. Three major freshwater fish biogeographic provinces and 14 subprovinces are proposed. These differ substantially from the current bioregionalisation scheme. Species turnover was most strongly influenced by environmental variables that are interpreted to reflect changes in terrain (catchment relief and confinement), geology and climate (runoff perenniality, stream density), and biotic responses to climate (net primary productivity). Past connectivity between rivers during low sea-level events is also influential highlighting the importance of historical processes in explaining contemporary patterns of biodiversity in the AMT. The inclusion of 49 newly discovered species and candidate species only reinforced known focal points of species richness and endemism in the AMT. However, a number of key sampling gaps remain that need to be filled to fully characterise the proposed bioregionalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. Shelley
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tim Dempster
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Peter J. Unmack
- Institute for Applied EcologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
| | - Shawn W. Laffan
- School of Biological Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Cryptic biodiversity in the freshwater fishes of the Kimberley endemism hotspot, northwestern Australia. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 127:843-858. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lostrom S, Evans JP, Grierson PF, Collin SP, Davies PM, Kelley JL. Linking stream ecology with morphological variability in a native freshwater fish from semi-arid Australia. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:3272-87. [PMID: 26380663 PMCID: PMC4569025 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental variation is a potent force affecting phenotypic expression. While freshwater fishes have provided a compelling example of the link between the environment and phenotypic diversity, few studies have been conducted with arid-zone fishes, particularly those that occur in geographically isolated regions where species typically inhabit intermittent and ephemeral creeks. We investigated morphological variation of a freshwater fish (the western rainbowfish, Melanotaenia australis) inhabiting creeks in the Pilbara region of northwest Australia to determine whether body shape variation correlated with local environmental characteristics, including water velocity, habitat complexity, predator presence, and food availability. We expected that the geographic isolation of creeks within this arid region would result in habitat-specific morphological specializations. We used landmark-based geometric morphometrics to quantify the level of morphological variability in fish captured from 14 locations within three distinct subcatchments of a major river system. Western rainbowfish exhibited a range of morphologies, with variation in body depth accounting for a significant proportion (>42%) of the total variance in shape. Sexual dimorphism was also apparent, with males displaying deeper bodies than females. While the measured local habitat characteristics explained little of the observed morphological variation, fish displayed significant morphological differentiation at the level of the subcatchment. Local adaptation may partly explain the geographic patterns of body shape variation, but fine-scale genetic studies are required to disentangle the effects of genetic differentiation from environmentally determined phenotypic plasticity in body shape. Developing a better understanding of environment-phenotype relationships in species from arid regions will provide important insights into ecological and evolutionary processes in these unique and understudied habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Lostrom
- School of Animal Biology (M092), The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia ; Ecosystems Research Group and West Australian Biogeochemistry Centre, School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Jonathan P Evans
- School of Animal Biology (M092), The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Pauline F Grierson
- Ecosystems Research Group and West Australian Biogeochemistry Centre, School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Shaun P Collin
- School of Animal Biology (M092), The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia ; UWA Oceans Institute (M470), The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Peter M Davies
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia Albany, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Kelley
- School of Animal Biology (M092), The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia ; Ecosystems Research Group and West Australian Biogeochemistry Centre, School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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Development of microsatellite markers for western rainbowfish (Melanotaenia australis) using the Ion Torrent second generation sequencing approach. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-014-0271-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shipham A, Schmidt DJ, Hughes JM. Indirect Estimates of Natal Dispersal Distance from Genetic Data in a Stream-Dwelling Fish (Mogurnda adspersa). J Hered 2013; 104:779-90. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/est055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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PEPPER MITZY, FUJITA MATTHEWK, MORITZ CRAIG, KEOGH JSCOTT. Palaeoclimate change drove diversification among isolated mountain refugia in the Australian arid zone. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:1529-45. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05036.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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YOUNG MICHAELJ, EVANS JONATHANP, SIMMONS LEIGHW. Population genetic structure and a possible role for selection in driving phenotypic divergence in a rainbowfish (Melanotaeniidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01558.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Evans JP, Box TM, Brooshooft P, Tatler JR, Fitzpatrick JL. Females increase egg deposition in favor of large males in the rainbowfish, Melanotaenia australis. Behav Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arq006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Young MJ, Simmons LW, Evans JP. Pre- and post-mating sexual selection both favor large males in a rainbowfish. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-010-0906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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