Influence of soft gelatin on digoxin absorption

Comparison of Hemodynamic and Biochemical Effects of Furosemide by Continuous Infusion and Intermittent Bolus in Critically Ill Patients

Positive fluid balance in critically ill patients is a common problem in the intensive care unit (ICU) often associated with a poor outcome. In addition, clinically important changes in hemodynamic variables have been found to occur after diuretic therapy. This study was conducted to evaluate the safety and relative effectiveness of two diuretic protocols in the ICU. Twenty-two patients in the medical ICU with pulmonary edema or fluid overload and PaO2/FIO2 pressure less than 300, were randomized to diuretic therapy by either continuous infusion or intermittent bolus. Hemodynamic and biochemical measurements were recorded. Protocol-guided diuretic management can be readily and safely implemented in the ICU. Although both continuous and bolus diuretic regimens appear to be equally effective in achieving negative fluid balance, the clinician may consider a continuous infusion of furosemide in the hemodynamically and electrolytically unstable patient to ensure more controlled diuresis with less hemodynamic and electrolyte alteration. From a nursing perspective, a continuous infusion of furosemide is a more efficient means of drug delivery.

Effect of food, fluid and dosage form on the absorption of 52-522, a potential antianxiety agent, in the dog

The absorption of 52-522 in the dog was studied by measuring blood concentrations of radioactivity after single oral doses of [14C] 52-522 in a capsule with and without water, also as a food-drug mixture, and a solution in polyethylene glycol 400. Absorption was rapid, and its rate moderate with no significant differences in peak times among treatments. The extent of absorption was lowest after the capsulated [14C] 52-522. The solution dose gave elevated blood concentrations, that were statistically significantly different when compared with the capsules. Hence, it appears that the absorption of [14C] 52-522 is governed by the degree of dispersion of drug in the dosage form.

The comparative bioavailability of Lanoxin tablets and Lanoxicaps with and without sorbitol

(1) The mean cumulative urinary digoxin excretion over 8 days was compared in 8 healthy volunteers after single doses of digoxin administered as 3 Lanoxin tablets of 0.25 mg, 3 digoxin tablets of 0.2 mg, 12 Lanoxicaps without sorbitol of 0.05 mg, 6 Lanoxicaps without sorbitol of 0.1 mg digoxin, 3 Lanoxicaps without sorbitol of 0.2 mg and 3 Lanoxicaps with sorbitol of 0.2 mg. (2) There was no significant difference between the 8 day cumulative urinary excretion for any of the Lanoxicaps treatments. (3) Cumulative urinary excretion after 3 digoxin tablets of 0.2 mg was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower than after all other treatments. (4) Cumulative urinary excretion after 3 Lanoxin tablets of 0.25 mg was not significantly different from that after any of the Lanoxicaps treatments except 0.1 mg Lanoxicaps without sorbitol, it was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower after the latter. (5) Mean urinary excretion of digoxin was 60% of ingested dose for all Lanoxicaps treatments and was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than the mean value of 50% for both tablet treatments. (6) Enhanced absorption of digoxin from Lanoxicaps was confirmed and shown to be unrelated to the sorbitol content of the capsule shell.