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Oikonomidi C, Troupi M, Marinos L, Liatsos D, Chrysikos D, Filippou D, Troupis T. Cutaneous B-cell Pseudolymphoma: A Rare Case Masquerading a Thoracic Mass in a Fourteen-Year-Old Male Patient. Cureus 2023; 15:e38003. [PMID: 37223157 PMCID: PMC10203896 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous B-cell pseudolymphoma (CBPL) may appear in the face, chest, or upper limbs, and it can be asymptomatic or in the form of nodules, papules, or masses. In most cases, it is idiopathic. However, some causes that have been identified are trauma, contact dermatitis, injected vaccinations, bacterial infections, tattoo dyes, insect bites, and certain drugs. Since the histology and clinical presentation of cutaneous pseudolymphoma (CPSL) are similar to those of cutaneous lymphomas, the diagnosis is usually based on an incisional or excisional biopsy. In this paper, a 14-year-old male patient with a two-month-old mass in the right lateral thoracic region is taken as a case study. He had neither symptoms, nor a past medical history, nor a family history. He had an insect bite a month ago and was fully vaccinated. However, the mass was some centimeters away from the insect bite. A biopsy was taken. The products of it were two paraffin cubes and two histological slides (H&E). The diagnosis was cutaneous B-cell pseudolymphoma. The total removal of the mass was decided since, in idiopathic cases like this, CBPL is not usually healed with topical and non-invasive treatments. Follow-up examinations were suggested since a further antigenic reaction is possible. If cutaneous B-pseudolymphoma is early diagnosed and treated, it does not cause serious problems. In some cases, it even resolves on its own.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Troupi
- Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Leonidas Marinos
- Department of Hematopathology, Evangelismos General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Dimitris Liatsos
- Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | | | - Dimitrios Filippou
- Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Theodore Troupis
- Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
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Scholl S, Schuster D, Technau-Hafsi K, Stete K, Rieg S, May AM, Bogdan C, Schauer F. Case report: Cutaneous pseudolymphoma caused by a Leishmania infantum infection in a patient treated with anti-TNF antibody for plaque psoriasis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1055703. [DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1055703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
For psoriasis, which affects up to 2% of the population and adalimumab is approved from the age of 4 years. Here, we present a middle-aged Italian man with long-term history of plaque psoriasis and psoriasis arthropathica and adalimumab therapy. He developed ulcers or nodules within the psoriatic plaques, resembling cutaneous infection with Leishmania infantum. TNF and other cytokines such as IL-12 and IFN-γ are central in the early control of the infection. Discontinuation of the anti-TNF-treatment resolved the infection without specific therapy.
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Gazzonis AL, Morganti G, Porcellato I, Roccabianca P, Avallone G, Gavaudan S, Canonico C, Rigamonti G, Brachelente C, Veronesi F. Detection of Leishmania spp. in Chronic Dermatitis: Retrospective Study in Exposed Horse Populations. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11060634. [PMID: 35745488 PMCID: PMC9227255 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania infantum is a protozoan causing human zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) and visceral–cutaneous canine leishmaniosis (CanL) in the Mediterranean Basin. L. infantum is able to infect a large number of wild and domestic species, including cats, dogs, and horses. Since the 1990s, clinical cases of equine leishmaniasis (EL), typically characterized by cutaneous forms, have been increasingly diagnosed worldwide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of clinical forms of EL in CanL-endemic areas in Italy, where exposure of equine populations was ascertained from recent serological surveys. For this purpose, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded skin biopsies of 47 horses presenting chronic dermatitis compatible with EL were retrospectively selected for the study and subjected to conventional and q-PCR. A singular positivity for L. infantum was found; BLAST analysis of sequence amplicons revealed a 99–100% homology with L. infantum sequences. The histological examination revealed a nodular lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic infiltrate; immunohistochemistry showed rare macrophages containing numerous positive amastigotes. The present retrospective study reports, for the first time, a case of a cutaneous lesion by L. infantum occurring in an Italian horse. Pathological and healthy skin samples should be investigated on a larger scale to provide information on the potential clinical impact of EL in the practice, and to define the role of horses in epidemiological ZVL and CanL scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Libera Gazzonis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (A.L.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Giulia Morganti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (I.P.); (G.R.); (F.V.)
| | - Ilaria Porcellato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (I.P.); (G.R.); (F.V.)
| | - Paola Roccabianca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (A.L.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Giancarlo Avallone
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Stefano Gavaudan
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, Via Varano 286, 60100 Ancona, Italy; (S.G.); (C.C.)
| | - Cristina Canonico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, Via Varano 286, 60100 Ancona, Italy; (S.G.); (C.C.)
| | - Giulia Rigamonti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (I.P.); (G.R.); (F.V.)
| | - Chiara Brachelente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (I.P.); (G.R.); (F.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Fabrizia Veronesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (I.P.); (G.R.); (F.V.)
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Pires CAA, Pereira NG, Moreira AG, Sena JMC, Costa CCC, Bastos TDS, Rodrigues FDN, Faustino EDP, da Silva JRC, Dos Santos MAL. Cutaneous leishmaniasis mimicking cutaneous lymphoma. IDCases 2019; 17:e00580. [PMID: 31338298 PMCID: PMC6627646 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2019.e00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is caused by protozoa of Leishmania genus that are transmitted to humans through the bite of sand flies (Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus). The infection is classically manifested as multiple or single ulcers affecting cutaneous and/or mucosal areas of the body. Atypical lesions are relatively uncommon, being able to simulate a large variety of benign and malign dermatological disorders. In this article, we described a case of CL mimicking a clinical presentation of cutaneous lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathalia Gabay Pereira
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pará State University, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Amanda Gabay Moreira
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pará State University, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Julie Marie Costa Sena
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pará State University, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Caio César Chaves Costa
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pará State University, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Thalita Dos Santos Bastos
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pará State University, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Evelyn de Paiva Faustino
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pará State University, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Tomasini C, Moneghini L, Barbui AM. Chronic amastigote-negative cutaneous leishmaniasis: A clinical, histopathologic and molecular study of 27 cases with emphasis on atypical and pseudolymphomatous presentations. J Cutan Pathol 2017; 44:530-537. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Tomasini
- Dermatopathology Unit; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza; Turin Italy
| | - Laura Moneghini
- Division of Pathology, Department of Health Sciences; University of Milan, Hospital San Paolo; Milan Italy
| | - Anna M. Barbui
- Microbiology and Virology Unit; Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza; Turin Italy
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Cutaneous Small/Medium CD4+ Pleomorphic T-Cell Lymphoma-Like Nodule in a Patient With Erythema Chronicum Migrans. Am J Dermatopathol 2016; 38:448-52. [PMID: 27097344 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000000596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
CD4+ small/medium pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma is a relatively rare subtype of cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorder with an indolent clinical behavior. The place of this condition among lymphomas is debatable. The authors describe a rare case of the direct association of CD4 small/medium pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma-like solitary nodule with Borrelia burgdorferi infection in a 5-year-old boy, discuss the reactive nature of this condition, and emphasize the importance of clinicopathological correlation.
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Siriwardana HVYD, Thalagala N, Karunaweera ND. Clinical and epidemiological studies on the cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) donovani in Sri Lanka. ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY 2010; 104:213-23. [PMID: 20507695 DOI: 10.1179/136485910x12647085215615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Sri Lanka is the newest reported focus of human leishmaniasis within the Indian subcontinent. Over the last 8 years, more than 2000 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), apparently caused by Leishmania donovani (a species usually associated with the visceral form of the disease), have been passively identified in the country. The clinical profiles of 401 suspected cases of CL in Sri Lanka were recently explored and some of the cases' immunological responses were investigated, in antibody-detection assays based on the rk39 antigen. These studies were followed by cross-sectional surveys, involving active case detection, in three areas of Sri Lanka, two of them known to be at relatively high risk for CL, with the aims of estimating the local prevalences of the disease and identifying the main risk factors for its acquisition. This appears to be the first detailed report on the prevalence, risk factors and human serological response associated with human leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka. Although the data collected indicated that the transmission of the parasite causing CL was mostly outdoor (and possibly zoonotic) in the north of the country, most of the transmission in the south seemed to be peridomestic. The CL was found to affect a wide age range, in both male and female subjects. Curiously, the 24 cases of CL that were investigated in the rk39 assays gave negative results whereas the single cases of mucosal or visceral leishmaniasis that were studied were found positive for antibodies reacting with the rk39 antigen. More programmes of active case detection need to be launched across Sri Lanka before the true national burden posed by human leishmaniasis can be accurately evaluated. General awareness of leishmaniasis needs to be raised. Hopefully, continued research and disease monitoring will allow the effective control of leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V Y D Siriwardana
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka.
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Prevalence of Merkel cell Polyomavirus DNA in Cutaneous Lymphomas, Pseudolymphomas, and Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Am J Dermatopathol 2010; 32:593-8. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0b013e3181ce8beb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Abstract
Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia or pseudolymphoma is a usually benign inflammatory response that mimics lymphoma. Stimulation from foreign antigens introduced into the skin can induce this response. Scratches from pets are an effective mode of transmitting infections and inoculating foreign antigens into the skin. We report an unusual case of a child where cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia presented as subcutaneous nodules at sites scratched by a pet cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmila Madhogaria
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.
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Affolter VK, Gross TL, Moore PF. Indolent cutaneous T-cell lymphoma presenting as cutaneous lymphocytosis in dogs. Vet Dermatol 2009; 20:577-85. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2009.00833.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ber A, Tirumalae R, Bresch M, Falk T. Pseudoclonality in cutaneous pseudolymphomas: a pitfall in interpretation of rearrangement studies. Br J Dermatol 2008; 159:394-402. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08670.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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