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Al-Haidose A, Yassin MA, Ahmed MN, Kunhipurayil HH, Al-Harbi AA, Aljaberi MA, Abbasi SA, Kordasti S, Abdallah AM. Distinct Clinical and Prognostic Features of Myelodysplastic Syndrome in Patients from the Middle East, North Africa, and Beyond: A Systemic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082832. [PMID: 37109168 PMCID: PMC10143809 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) describes a group of bone marrow malignancies with variable morphologies and heterogeneous clinical features. The aim of this study was to systematically appraise the published clinical, laboratory, and pathologic characteristics and identify distinct clinical features of MDS in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. We conducted a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from 2000 to 2021 to identify population-based studies of MDS epidemiology in MENA countries. Of 1935 studies, 13 independent studies published between 2000 and 2021 representing 1306 patients with MDS in the MENA region were included. There was a median of 85 (range 20 to 243) patients per study. Seven studies were performed in Asian MENA countries (732 patients, 56%) and six in North African MENA countries (574 patients, 44%). The pooled mean age was 58.4 years (SD 13.14; 12 studies), and the male-to-female ratio was 1.4. The distribution of WHO MDS subtypes was significantly different between MENA, Western, and Far East populations (n = 978 patients, p < 0.001). More patients from MENA countries were at high/very high IPSS risk than in Western and Far East populations (730 patients, p < 0.001). There were 562 patients (62.2%) with normal karyotypes and 341 (37.8%) with abnormal karyotypes. Our findings establish that MDS is prevalent within the MENA region and is more severe than in Western populations. MDS appears to be more severe with an unfavorable prognosis in the Asian MENA population than the North African MENA population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Al-Haidose
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Mohamed A Yassin
- Medical Oncology Department-Hematology Section, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Muna N Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Hasna H Kunhipurayil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | | | - Musheer A Aljaberi
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz 6803, Yemen
| | - Saddam A Abbasi
- Statistics Program, Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Statistical Consulting Unit, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Shahram Kordasti
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
- Haematology Department, Guy's and St. Thomas NHS Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Atiyeh M Abdallah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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Guilcher GMT, Shah R, Shenoy S. Principles of alemtuzumab immunoablation in hematopoietic cell transplantation for non-malignant diseases in children: A review. Pediatr Transplant 2018; 22. [PMID: 29352515 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alemtuzumab is a humanized mAb targeted to CD52. Alemtuzumab is highly immunosuppressive with the ability to deplete T and B cells (in addition to other immune cell lines). A growing understanding of the PKs, dosing, and timing of administration of alemtuzumab has allowed for the study of its use as a conditioning agent for allogeneic HCT. The highly immunosuppressive properties of the drug are particularly appealing in the setting of non-malignant HCT, where GVHD provides no clinical benefit and relapse of malignancy is not applicable. In addition, the degree of immune suppression achieved with alemtuzumab has allowed for a reduction in the intensity of myeloablative cytotoxic agents included in some HCT conditioning regimens, allowing for fewer acute and late toxicities. This review paper will provide a comprehensive summary of the mechanism of action, PKs, dosing, and timing of alemtuzumab, a brief description of its use in various allogeneic HCT protocols for non-malignant conditions and a summary of the data regarding its use for GVHD therapy. The goal of this review was to provide an understanding as to how alemtuzumab might be safely incorporated into HCT conditioning regimens for children with non-malignant disease, allowing for expanded access to curative HCT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory M T Guilcher
- Section of Paediatric Oncology/BMT, Departments of Oncology and Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ravi Shah
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/BMT, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Shalini Shenoy
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Madden LM, Hayashi RJ, Chan KW, Pulsipher MA, Douglas D, Hale GA, Chaudhury S, Haut P, Kasow KA, Gilman AL, Murray LM, Shenoy S. Long-Term Follow-Up after Reduced-Intensity Conditioning and Stem Cell Transplantation for Childhood Nonmalignant Disorders. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2016; 22:1467-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2016.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Bloom T, Kuzel TM, Querfeld C, Guitart J, Rosen ST. Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: a review of new discoveries and treatments. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2012; 13:102-21. [PMID: 22311555 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-011-0179-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Treatment regimens of patients with CTCL vary widely based on clinician preference and patient tolerance. Skin directed therapies are recommended for patients with early stage IA and IB MF, with combinations used in refractory cases. While no regimen has been proven to prolong survival in advanced stages, immunomodulatory regimens should be used initially to reduce the need for cytotoxic therapies. In more advanced stages of disease, treatment efforts should strive for palliation and improvement of quality of life. With many new therapies and strategies on the horizon, the future looks promising for CTCL patients. Unfortunately, other than allogeneic HCT, there are no potential curative therapies for CTCL. Clinical trials are currently underway to identify new therapies to improve quality of life for patients, and researchers are hard at work to identify novel pathways and genes for prognostication and as targets for therapies. Importantly, collaborative clinical trials to enhance rates of accrual need to be conducted, and improved interpretation of data via standardizing end points and response criteria should be an emphasis. Recently, the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas (ISCL), the United States Cutaneous Lymphoma Consortium (USCLC), and the Cutaneous Lymphoma Task Force of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) met to develop consensus guidelines to facilitate collaboration on clinical trials. These proposed guidelines consist of: recommendations for standardizing general protocol design; a scoring system for assessing tumor burden in skin, lymph nodes, blood, and viscera; definition of response in skin, nodes, blood, and viscera; a composite global response score; and a definition of end points. Although these guidelines were generated by consensus panels, they have not been prospectively or retrospectively validated through analysis of large patient cohorts.
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Querfeld C, Mehta N, Rosen ST, Guitart J, Rademaker A, Gerami P, Kuzel TM. Alemtuzumab for relapsed and refractory erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: a single institution experience from the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 50:1969-76. [DOI: 10.3109/10428190903216770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Querfeld
- Section of Dermatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | - Steven T. Rosen
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Joan Guitart
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Dermatology
| | - Alfred Rademaker
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pedram Gerami
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Dermatology
| | - Timothy M. Kuzel
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
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