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Balgetir MK, Tektemur NK, Tektemur A, Türk G, Güngör İH, Cihangiroglu AC, Akkoç RF, Kuloglu T, Dabak DO. Determination of M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization in Ipsilateral and Contralateral Rat Testis Tissue Following Unilateral Torsion/Detorsion. Reprod Sci 2024:10.1007/s43032-024-01519-6. [PMID: 38532231 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigates the changes in M1/M2 macrophage polarization resulting from unilateral testicular torsion in the bilateral testis. The study sample included 63 male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were randomly divided into nine groups (n = 7): Control, Sham (4 h (4 h), 24 h, 7 days (7d), 14d), and Torsion/Detorsion (T/D) (4 h, 24 h, 7d, 14d). Histopathological evaluations revealed no changes in the Sham groups, while T/D was noted to cause edema, vascular occlusion, disruption of seminiferous tubule epithelial organization, germ cell abnormalities and structural anomalies in the experimental rats, the severity and extent of which increased from 4 h to 14d after T/D. The Cosentino scores used to determine the degree of histological damage were consistent with the histopathological findings in all groups, while the Johnsen scores, as a marker of spermatogenesis, were lower in the T/D groups. Seminiferous tubule diameters and germinal epithelial thickness decreased significantly in parallel with increased tubule damage in the ipsilateral testicles. Testicular torsion significantly affected sperm motility, with significant reductions observed in the T/D 7d and T/D 14d groups. A hormone profile analysis revealed decreased testosterone levels in both the Sham and T/D groups when compared to the Controls. CD68 and CD163 immunoreactivities, as M1 and M2 macrophage surface markers, were determined in the testicular tissue using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. T/D interventions caused M1/M2 macrophage polarization changes and increased M1 macrophages, particularly in contralateral testicular tissue. The increase in M1 macrophages in contralateral testicular tissue following T/D in the present study suggests that cell processes, including macrophages, may play an important role in contralateral testicular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Kavak Balgetir
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazig, 23119, Turkey.
| | - Nalan Kaya Tektemur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tektemur
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Gaffari Türk
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial İnsemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Halil Güngör
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial İnsemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Aslıhan Cakir Cihangiroglu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial İnsemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Fazıl Akkoç
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Kuloglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Durrin Ozlem Dabak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Zhang Q, Tian Y, Fu Z, Wu S, Lan H, Zhou X, Shen W, Lou Y. The role of serum-glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1 in reproductive viability: implications from prenatal programming and senescence. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:376. [PMID: 38427115 PMCID: PMC10907440 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Organisms and cellular viability are of paramount importance to living creatures. Disruption of the balance between cell survival and apoptosis results in compromised viability and even carcinogenesis. One molecule involved in keeping this homeostasis is serum-glucocorticoid regulated kinase (SGK) 1. Emerging evidence points to a significant role of SGK1 in cell growth and survival, cell metabolism, reproduction, and life span, particularly in prenatal programming and reproductive senescence by the same token. Whether the hormone inducible SGK1 kinase is a major driver in the pathophysiological processes of prenatal programming and reproductive senescence? METHOD The PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase/Ovid, and Elsevier Science Direct literature databases were searched for articles in English focusing on SGK1 published up to July 2023 RESULT: Emerging evidence is accumulating pointing to a pathophysiological role of the ubiquitously expressed SGK1 in the cellular and organismal viability. Under the regulation of specific hormones, extracellular stimuli, and various signals, SGK1 is involved in several biological processes relevant to viability, including cell proliferation and survival, cell migration and differentiation. In line, SGK1 contributes to the development of germ cells, embryos, and fetuses, whereas SGK1 inhibition leads to abnormal gametogenesis, embryo loss, and truncated reproductive lifespan. CONCLUTION SGK1 integrates a broad spectrum of effects to maintain the homeostasis of cell survival and apoptosis, conferring viability to multiple cell types as well as both simple and complex organisms, and thus ensuring appropriate prenatal development and reproductive lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiying Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 453 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Gynaecology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 453 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhujing Fu
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, 321001, China
| | - Shuangyu Wu
- Medical School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huizhen Lan
- Department of Gynaecology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 453 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuanle Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 453 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wendi Shen
- Department of Gynaecology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 453 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiyun Lou
- Department of Gynaecology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 453 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China.
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Cho YM, Chou JC, Fang CM, Hu S, Wang KL, Wang SW, Wang PS. Chronic intermittent hypoxia stimulates testosterone production in rat Leydig cells. Life Sci 2019; 233:116694. [PMID: 31351970 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The hypoxia-stimulated response of the endocrine system depends on the kind and duration of hypoxia. Hypoxia has been reported to stimulate testosterone (T) production in rats, but the mechanisms remain to be investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male rats were divided into two groups. The rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) at 8 h/day were housed in a hypoxic chamber (12% O2) for 14 days. Normoxic rats were used as control animals. T was measured after challenging the rat Leydig cells (LCs) with different stimulators, including hCG (0.01 IU/ml), forskolin (10-5 M), 8-bromo-cAMP (10-4 M), A23187 (10-5 M), cyclopiazonic acid (10-4 M), and androstenedione (10-8 M). Meanwhile, the LCs were incubated with trilostane (10-5 M) and/or 25-OH-hydroxycholesterol (10-5 M); thereafter the media were collected for pregnenolone assay. KEY FINDINGS In the CIH group, plasma T levels were increased, but the serum luteinizing hormone (LH) was decreased. Furthermore, at several time intervals after hCG injection, plasma T levels were higher in the CIH group. The evoked-release of T and pregnenolone were significantly increased in the CIH group. Compared with the normoxic group, the CIH group had higher mRNA and protein expression levels of the LH receptor and CYP11A1 but not StAR. The plasma and testicular microvasculature VEGF levels were increased in the CIH group. The testicular vessel distribution was more obvious in CIH rats. SIGNIFICANCE CIH-induced T secretion might be partially mediated by mechanisms involving the induction of LH receptor expression, testicular angiogenesis, CYP11A1 activity, 17β-HSD activity, and calcium-related pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Min Cho
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Center for East West Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Jou-Chun Chou
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40254, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Mei Fang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Sindy Hu
- Anesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lee Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung City 20301, Taiwan.
| | - Shyi-Wu Wang
- Anesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Paulus S Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
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Meyer DN, Baker BB, Baker TR. Ancestral TCDD Exposure Induces Multigenerational Histologic and Transcriptomic Alterations in Gonads of Male Zebrafish. Toxicol Sci 2018; 164:603-612. [PMID: 29788325 PMCID: PMC6061693 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the classic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist, is a potent environmental toxicant and endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) with known developmental toxicity in humans, rodents, and fish. Early life exposure to some EDCs, including TCDD, is linked to the occurrence of adult-onset and multigenerational disease. Previous work exposing juvenile F0 zebrafish (Danio rerio) to 50 ppt (parts per trillion) TCDD during reproductive development has shown male-mediated transgenerational decreases in fertility (F0-F2) and histologic and transcriptomic alterations in F0 testes. Here, we analyzed male germline alterations in F1 and F2 adult fish, looking for changes in testicular histology and gene expression inherited through the male lineage that could account for decreased reproductive capacity. Testes of TCDD-lineage F1 fish displayed an increase in spermatogonia (immature germ cells) and decrease in spermatozoa (mature germ cells). No histological changes were present in F2 fish. Transcriptomic analysis of exposed F1 and F2 testes revealed alterations in lipid and glucose metabolism, oxidation, xenobiotic response, and sperm cell development and maintenance genes, all of which are implicated in fertility outcomes. Overall, we found that differential expression of reproductive genes and reduced capacity of sperm cells to mature could account for the reproductive defects previously seen in TCDD-exposed male zebrafish and their descendants, providing insight into the distinct multigenerational effects of toxicant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle N Meyer
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Bridget B Baker
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors
- Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202
| | - Tracie R Baker
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors
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Lin PH, Jian CY, Chou JC, Chen CW, Chen CC, Soong C, Hu S, Lieu FK, Wang PS, Wang SW. Induction of renal senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) expression by testosterone and its contribution to urinary calcium absorption in male rats. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32085. [PMID: 27553527 PMCID: PMC4995462 DOI: 10.1038/srep32085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of androgen, mainly testosterone, in the expression of renal senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) in male rats. We found that the renal SMP30 expression was up-regulated by endogenous testosterone stimulation during puberty. Interestingly, androgen-deficient orchidectomized (ORX) rats exhibited lower SMP30 mRNA and protein expression in the kidney, and that was restored by testosterone propionate (TP) replacement. Abrogation of androgen receptor (AR) activity by co-treatment with flutamide abolished testosterone-induced SMP30 expression in the kidney as well as in the NRK52E cells. However, SMP30 expression was unaltered in the liver of ORX rats. We also showed a positive correlation between renal SMP30 expression and plasma testosterone level during the aging process. TP-induced SMP30 expression in ovariectomized (OVX) rats was observed and was an evidence to explain the gender difference of SMP30 levels. Immunofluorescence assay showed that renal SMP30 was specifically expressed in the proximal tubular segments of the kidney. The urinary Ca(2+) level was increased in both ORX and male aging rats. Taken together, our results indicate a novel role of testosterone in regulating SMP30 expression specifically in the kidney to contribute to urinary calcium absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Lin
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cai-Yun Jian
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jou-Chun Chou
- Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Wei Chen
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Chieh Chen
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Christina Soong
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11212, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sindy Hu
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Fu-Kong Lieu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11212, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Paulus S Wang
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shyi-Wu Wang
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Lang F, Voelkl J. Therapeutic potential of serum and glucocorticoid inducible kinase inhibition. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2013; 22:701-14. [PMID: 23506284 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2013.778971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Expression of serum-and-glucocorticoid-inducible kinase-1 (SGK1) is low in most cells, but dramatically increases under certain pathophysiological conditions, such as glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid excess, inflammation with TGFβ release, hyperglycemia, cell shrinkage and ischemia. SGK1 is activated by insulin and growth factors via phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase, 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin. SGK1 sensitive functions include activation of ion channels (including epithelial Na(+) channel ENaC, voltage gated Na(+) channel SCN5A transient receptor potential channels TRPV4 - 6, Ca(2+) release activated Ca(2+) channel Orai1/STIM1, renal outer medullary K(+) channel ROMK, voltage gated K(+) channels KCNE1/KCNQ1, kainate receptor GluR6, cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator CFTR), carriers (including Na(+),Cl(-) symport NCC, Na(+),K(+),2Cl(-) symport NKCC, Na(+)/H(+) exchangers NHE1 and NHE3, Na(+), glucose symport SGLT1, several amino acid transporters), and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase. SGK1 regulates several enzymes (e.g., glycogen synthase kinase-3, ubiquitin-ligase Nedd4-2) and transcription factors (e.g., forkhead transcription factor 3a, β-catenin, nuclear factor kappa B). AREAS COVERED The phenotype of SGK1 knockout mice is mild and SGK1 is apparently dispensible for basic functions. Excessive SGK1 expression and activity, however, contributes to the pathophysiology of several disorders, including hypertension, obesity, diabetes, thrombosis, stroke, fibrosing disease, infertility and tumor growth. A SGK1 gene variant (prevalence ∼ 3 - 5% in Caucasians and ∼ 10% in Africans) is associated with hypertension, stroke, obesity and type 2 diabetes. SGK1 inhibitors have been developed and shown to reduce blood pressure of hyperinsulinemic mice and to counteract tumor cell survival. EXPERT OPINION Targeting SGK1 may be a therapeutic option in several clinical conditions, including metabolic syndrome and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Lang
- University of Tuebingen, Department of Physiology, Tuebingen, Germany.
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Maiese K, Chong ZZ, Shang YC, Wang S. Translating cell survival and cell longevity into treatment strategies with SIRT1. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MORPHOLOGIE ET EMBRYOLOGIE 2011; 52:1173-85. [PMID: 22203920 PMCID: PMC3253557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The sirtuin SIRT1, a class III NAD(+)-dependent protein histone deacetylase, is present throughout the body that involves cells of the central nervous system, immune system, cardiovascular system, and the musculoskeletal system. SIRT1 has broad biological effects that affect cellular metabolism as well as cellular survival and longevity that can impact both acute and chronic disease processes that involve neurodegenerative disease, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Given the intricate relationship SIRT1 holds with a host of signal transduction pathways ranging from transcription factors, such as forkhead, to cytokines and growth factors, such as erythropoietin, it becomes critical to elucidate the cellular pathways of SIRT1 to safely and effectively develop and translate novel avenues of treatment for multiple disease entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Maiese
- Department of Neurology and Neurosciences, Cancer Center, F 1220, UMDNJ - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
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