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Zaghloul EH, Ibrahim MIA, Zaghloul HAH. Antibacterial activity of exopolysaccharide produced by bee gut-resident Enterococcus sp. BE11 against marine fish pathogens. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:231. [PMID: 37612642 PMCID: PMC10463787 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02977-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the demand for innovative antimicrobial agents has grown, considering the growing problem of antibiotic resistance in aquaculture. Adult Apis mellifera honeybees' gut represents an outstanding habitat to isolate novel lactic acid bacteria (LAB) able to produce prominent antimicrobial agents. METHODS In the current study, twelve LAB were isolated and purified from the gut of adult Apis mellifera. The isolates were screened for exopolysaccharide (EPS) production. The most promising isolate BE11 was identified biochemically and molecularly using 16 S rRNA gene sequence analysis as Enterococcus sp. BE11 was used for the mass production of EPS. The partially purified BE11-EPS features were disclosed by its physicochemical characterization. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of BE11 cell free supernatant (CFS) and its EPS was investigated against some fish pathogens namely, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Streptococcus agalactiae, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio sp. and Staphylococcus epidermidis using well-cut diffusion method. RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of BE11-EPS revealed that the total carbohydrate content was estimated to be ~ 87%. FTIR and NMR analysis ascertained the presence of galactose and glucose residues in the EPS backbone. Moreover, the GC-MS analysis verified the heterogeneous nature of the produced BE11-EPS made up of different monosaccharide moieties: galactose, rhamnose, glucose, arabinose sugar derivatives, and glucuronic acid. BE11 CFS and its EPS showed promising antimicrobial activity against tested pathogens as the inhibition zone diameters (cm) ranged from 1.3 to 1.7 and 1.2-1.8, respectively. CONCLUSION The bee gut-resident Enterococcus sp. BE11, CFS, and EPS were found to be promising antimicrobial agents against fish pathogens and biofilm producers affecting aquaculture. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to purify and make a chemical profile of an EPS produced by a member of the bee gut microbiota as a potential inhibitor for fish pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman H Zaghloul
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Heba A H Zaghloul
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Moharam Bek 21511, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Culliney P, Schmalenberger A. Cultivation Conditions of Spinach and Rocket Influence Epiphytic Growth of Listeria monocytogenes. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193056. [PMID: 36230132 PMCID: PMC9563967 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leafy vegetables are associated with Listeriosis outbreaks due to contamination with Listeria monocytogenes. To date, contradictory findings were reported on spinach, rocket, and kale, where some studies reported growth of L. monocytogenes, while others did not. Thus, the current study investigated the reason for conflicting findings by producing leafy vegetables, where cultivation factors were known for growth potential studies. Of all polytunnel produce, kale Nero di Toscana demonstrated the highest growth potential (2.56 log cfu g−1), followed by spinach F1 Cello (1.84 log cfu g−1), rocket Buzz (1.41 log cfu g−1), spinach F1 Trumpet (1.37 log cfu g−1), and finally rocket Esmee (1.23 log cfu g−1). Thus, plant species and variety influenced L. monocytogenes growth potentials. Moreover, significantly lower growth potentials of 0.3 log cfu g−1 were identified when rocket Buzz was cultivated in open fields (1.11 log cfu g−1) instead of a polytunnel. The opposite effect was observed for spinach F1 Trumpet, where growth potentials increased significantly by 0.84 log cfu g−1 when cultivated in open fields (2.21 log cfu g−1). Furthermore, a significant seasonality effect between batches was found (p < 0.05). This study revealed that spinach and rocket cultivation conditions are at least co-factors in the reporting of differing growth potentials of L. monocytogenes across literature and should be considered when conducting future growth potential studies.
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Kadyan S, Rashmi H, Pradhan D, Kumari A, Chaudhari A, Deshwal GK. Effect of lactic acid bacteria and yeast fermentation on antimicrobial, antioxidative and metabolomic profile of naturally carbonated probiotic whey drink. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Yin H, Chen C, Boomer A, Byun S, Venkitanarayanan K, Macarisin D, Patel J. Biocontrol of
Listeria
on cantaloupes with lactic acid bacteria. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin‐Bai Yin
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Beltsville MD USA
| | - Chi‐Hung Chen
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Beltsville MD USA
| | - Ashley Boomer
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Beltsville MD USA
| | - Suyeun Byun
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Beltsville MD USA
| | | | - Dumitru Macarisin
- Office of Regulatory Science Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition Food and Drug Administration College Park MD USA
| | - Jitendra Patel
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Beltsville MD USA
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Mohammadzadeh R, Azadegan A, Kalani BS. Listeriolysin S may inhibit the anti-listerial properties of Lactobacillus plantarum. Microb Pathog 2019; 137:103744. [PMID: 31521800 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Listeriosis is a serious infection linked to the consumption of food contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes. Outbreaks and mortality rates associated with this infection make it a significant public health concern. As biocontrol agents, probiotics such as Lactobacillus plantarum had been of interest for the promotion of antilisterial activities. However, a recent bacteriocin from epidemic L. monocytogenes strains called listeriolysin S (LLS) has been identified with the ability to target the prokaryotic cells that may hinder the anti-listerial properties of L. plantarum. The present study was designed to investigate the interplay between serotypes 4b (lineage I, LLS-producing strain) and 1/2a (NCTC7973, lineage II, non LLS-producing strain) L. monocytogenes and L. plantarum ATCC13643. According to the results of the co-culture assay, L. plantarum significantly reduced the growth of LLS- L. monocytogenes. However, there was a significant reduction in the growth of L. plantarum when co-cultured with LLS + L. monocytogenes. Moreover, according to the results of the culture assay using Caco-2 cell line, there was a significant reduced intracellular count of LLS- L. monocytogenes after L. plantarum exposure, whereas, no major differences were observed in the intracellular count of LLS + L. monocytogenes. These results suggest that L. plantarum may be unable to inhibit infections caused by LLS-producing L. monocytogenes. Also, phylogenetic studies showed the presence of LLS-like proteins in several environmental isolates including L. innocua which suggests a role for LLS in survival and bacterial colonization in harsh conditions. In overall, the ability of LLS to target certain bacterial cells should be taken into consideration during the development of anti-listerial probiotics. Future experiments are required to elucidate the exact mechanisms by which LLS achieves bacterial killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rokhsareh Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Azadegan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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The Inhibition Effect of Lactobacilli Against Growth and Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018; 10:34-42. [PMID: 28293865 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant and food-spoilage microorganisms has renewed efforts to identify safe and natural alternative agents of antibiotics such as probiotics. The aim of this study was the isolation of lactobacilli as potential probiotics from local dairy products with broad antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities against antibiotic-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and determination of their inhibition mechanism. Antibiotic susceptibility and classification of acquired resistance profiles of 80 P. aeruginosa strains were determined based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) new definition as multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) followed by antibacterial assessment of lactobacilli against them by different methods. Among the 80 P. aeruginosa strains, 1 (1.3%), 50 (62.5%), and 78 (97.5%) were PDR, XDR, and MDR, respectively, and effective antibiotics against them were fosfomycin and polymyxins. Among 57 isolated lactobacillus strains, two strains which were identified as Lactobacillus fermentum using biochemical and 16S rDNA methods showed broad inhibition/killing and anti-biofilm effects against all P. aeruginosa strains. They formed strong biofilms and had bile salts and low pH tolerance. Although investigation of inhibition mechanism of these strains showed no bacteriocin production, results obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated that their inhibitory effect was the result of production of three main organic acids including lactic acid, acetic acid, and formic acid. Considering the broad activity of these two L. fermentum strains, they can potentially be used in bio-control of drug-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa.
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Queiroz O, Ogunade I, Weinberg Z, Adesogan A. Silage review: Foodborne pathogens in silage and their mitigation by silage additives. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:4132-4142. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Xu C, Hu WF, Luo S, Luo HJ, Ma K, Li YF. Effect of composite biological preservative containing Lactobacillus plantarum on postharvest litchi quality. Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:1639-1643. [PMID: 30263456 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological preservatives containing live microorganisms are environmentally friendly and non-toxic substances used to preserve the quality of fresh fruits. This study investigated whether a composite biological preservative containing live Lactobacillus plantarum (designated as DN003) could preserve the quality of postharvest litchi fruits at high temperature and in humid environment. Postharvest litchi fruits were briefly soaked in DN003, then dried and stored at 29-33°C with 95-98% relative humidity; prochloraz treatment was included as positive control and non-treatment as negative control. In comparison with negative control group, litchi fruits in both DN003-treated and positive control groups better retained their appearance with lower polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities and showed higher concentrations of vitamin C, titratable acids, and total sugar content. These data demonstrated that the new composite biological preservative containing L. plantarum is promising to be used in the preservation of postharvest litchi fruit, particularly in high-temperature and humid environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xu
- Research Center of Agricultural Science of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Feng Hu
- 1Food Institute, Agricultural University of South China, Wushan, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Shi Luo
- Research Center of Agricultural Science of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua-Jian Luo
- Research Center of Agricultural Science of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Research Center of Agricultural Science of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-Fang Li
- Research Center of Agricultural Science of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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Ptaszyńska AA, Borsuk G, Zdybicka-Barabas A, Cytryńska M, Małek W. Are commercial probiotics and prebiotics effective in the treatment and prevention of honeybee nosemosis C? Parasitol Res 2015; 115:397-406. [PMID: 26437644 PMCID: PMC4700093 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4761-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (a commercial probiotic) and inulin (a prebiotic) on the survival rates of honeybees infected and uninfected with Nosema ceranae, the level of phenoloxidase (PO) activity, the course of nosemosis, and the effect on the prevention of nosemosis development in bees. The cells of L. rhamnosus exhibited a high rate of survival in 56.56 % sugar syrup, which was used to feed the honeybees. Surprisingly, honeybees fed with sugar syrup supplemented with a commercial probiotic and a probiotic + prebiotic were more susceptible to N. ceranae infection, and their lifespan was much shorter. The number of microsporidian spores in the honeybees fed for 9 days prior to N. ceranae infection with a sugar syrup supplemented with a commercial probiotic was 25 times higher (970 million spores per one honeybee) than in a control group fed with pure sucrose syrup (38 million spores per one honeybee). PO activity reached its highest level in the hemolymph of this honeybee control group uninfected with N. ceranae. The addition of probiotics or both probiotics and prebiotics to the food of uninfected bees led to the ~2-fold decrease in the PO activity. The infection of honeybees with N. ceranae accompanied an almost 20-fold decrease in the PO level. The inulin supplemented solely at a concentration of 2 μg/mL was the only administrated factor which did not significantly affect honeybees’ survival, the PO activity, or the nosemosis infection level. In conclusion, the supplementation of honeybees’ diet with improperly selected probiotics or both probiotics and prebiotics does not prevent nosemosis development, can de-regulate insect immune systems, and may significantly increase bee mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta A Ptaszyńska
- Department of Botany and Mycology, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka st., 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Borsuk
- Department of Biological Basis of Animal Production, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding, University of Life Sciences, 13 Akademicka st., 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zdybicka-Barabas
- Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka st., 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Cytryńska
- Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka st., 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Wanda Małek
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka st., 20-033, Lublin, Poland
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Huang R, Tao X, Wan C, Li S, Xu H, Xu F, Shah NP, Wei H. In vitro probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus plantarum ZDY 2013 and its modulatory effect on gut microbiota of mice. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:5850-61. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-9153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hernández-López J, Crockett S, Kunert O, Hammer E, Schuehly W, Bauer R, Crailsheim K, Riessberger-Gallé U. In vitro growth inhibition by Hypericum extracts and isolated pure compounds of Paenibacillus larvae, a lethal disease affecting honeybees worldwide. Chem Biodivers 2015; 11:695-708. [PMID: 24827680 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201300399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro inhibitory potential of 50 extracts from various species of the flowering plant genus Hypericum was investigated using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test against Paenibacillus larvae, a spore-forming, Gram-positive bacterial pathogen that causes American foulbrood (AFB), a lethal disease affecting honeybee brood worldwide. Of the tested extracts, 14 were identified as highly active against P. larvae as compared to the activity of the positive control, indicating the presence of highly potent antibacterial compounds in the extracts. Examination of these extracts using TLC and HPLC/MS analyses revealed the presence of acylphloroglucinol and filicinic-acid derivatives. Six pure compounds isolated from these extracts, viz., hyperforin (1), uliginosin B (2), uliginosin A (3), 7-epiclusianone (4), albaspidin AA (5), and drummondin E (6), displayed strong antibacterial activity against the vegetative form of P. larvae (MIC ranging from 0.168-220 μM). Incubation of P. larvae spores with the lipophilic extract of Hypericum perforatum and its main acylphloroglucinol constituent 1 led to the observation of significantly fewer colony forming units as compared to the negative control, indicating that the acylphloroglucinol scaffold represents an interesting lead structure for the development of new AFB control agents.
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Gaikwad GL, Gupta P, Wate SR. Bio-control of waterborne pathogens using Lactobacillus spp. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2012; 184:6627-6635. [PMID: 22131013 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-011-2447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria play a significant role in water contamination. Chemicals are mostly used for the treatment of bacteriologically contaminated water. The use of bacterial interactions is a new approach to limit the pathogens' growth. Detection of antimicrobial substances produced by lactic acid bacteria against the waterborne pathogens is the objective of this work. Microbiological and biochemical methods were used to identify lactic acid bacteria having an antimicrobial activity. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity with growth kinetic measurements was performed. Four isolates of lactic acid bacteria obtained from whey and curd were identified. The predominant species belonging to the Lactobacillus genera are: Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus sakei, Lactobacillus paracasei, and Lactobacillus paraplantarum. The present study revealed that the Lactobacillus consortium is able to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus's growth along with Escherichia coli and Vibrio species. In mixed culture, after 24 h, the Lactobacillus consortium reduces the growth of S. aureus by 2.03 log; moreover, the growth of the latter bacteria totally ceased after 72 h of incubation. The protein produced by the Lactobacillus consortium was responsible for arresting the growth of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghyandeep L Gaikwad
- EIRA Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440020, India.
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Purification and characterization of antifungal compounds from Bacillus coagulans TQ33 isolated from skimmed milk powder. ANN MICROBIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-012-0564-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Lee MS, Lee NK, Chang KH, Choi SY, Song CK, Paik HD. Isolation and Characterization of a Protease-Producing Bacterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens P27 from Meju as a Probiotic Starter for Fermented Meat Products. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2010. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2010.30.5.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Carina Audisio M, Torres MJ, Sabaté DC, Ibarguren C, Apella MC. Properties of different lactic acid bacteria isolated from Apis mellifera L. bee-gut. Microbiol Res 2010; 166:1-13. [PMID: 20116222 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Revised: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 01/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Eight strains belonging to Lactobacillus spp. and five to Enterococcus spp. were isolated from the gut of worker Apis mellifera L. bees. Studies based on 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that AJ5, IG9, A15 and CRL1647 strains had a 99% identity with Lactobacillus johnsonii, while SM21 showed a 99% similarity with Enterococcus faecium. L. johnsonii CRL1647, AJ5 and IG9 were high lactic acid producers (values were between 177 and 275 mM), and in vitro they inhibited different human food-borne pathogens and Paenibacillus larvae, the American foulbrood agent. This bacterium was the most sensitive to the lactic acid effect being inhibited by 44 mM of this metabolite. L. johnsonii CRL1647, AJ5 and IG9 also presented important surface properties. These cells showed between 77% and 93% of auto-aggregation. The preliminary study of the chemical nature of the aggregating factors revealed that the molecules involved in the surface of each L. johnsonii strain were quite complex; and something of a peptidic nature was mainly involved. E. faecium SM21 produced bacteriocin-like compounds with anti-Listeria effects. Furthermore, a band close to 6.0-7.5 kDA was detected by SDS-PAGE studies, and the entA, B and P structural genes were amplified by PCR reactions. For the first time, bee-gut associated L. johnsonii and E. faecium strains have been isolated, identified, cultivated and some of their functional properties reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carina Audisio
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI-CONICET), A4402FDC- Salta, Salta, Argentina.
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Kaushik JK, Kumar A, Duary RK, Mohanty AK, Grover S, Batish VK. Functional and probiotic attributes of an indigenous isolate of Lactobacillus plantarum. PLoS One 2009; 4:e8099. [PMID: 19956615 PMCID: PMC2779496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotic microorganisms favorably alter the intestinal microflora balance, promote intestinal integrity and mobility, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and increase resistance to infection. Probiotics are increasingly used in nutraceuticals, functional foods or in microbial interference treatment. However, the effectiveness of probiotic organism is considered to be population-specific due to variation in gut microflora, food habits and specific host-microbial interactions. Most of the probiotic strains available in the market are of western or European origin, and a strong need for exploring new indigenous probiotic organisms is felt. METHODS AND FINDINGS An indigenous isolate Lp9 identified as Lactobacillus plantarum by molecular-typing methods was studied extensively for its functional and probiotic attributes, viz., acid and bile salt tolerance, cell surface hydrophobicity, autoaggregation and Caco-2 cell-binding as well as antibacterial and antioxidative activities. Lp9 isolate could survive 2 h incubation at pH 1.5-2.0 and toxicity of 1.5-2.0% oxgall bile. Lp9 could deconjugate major bile salts like glycocholate and deoxytaurocholate, indicating its potential to cause hypocholesterolemia. The isolate exhibited cell-surface hydrophobicity of approximately 37% and autoaggregation of approximately 31%. Presence of putative probiotic marker genes like mucus-binding protein (mub), fibronectin-binding protein (fbp) and bile salt hydrolase (bsh) were confirmed by PCR. Presence of these genes suggested the possibility of specific interaction and colonization potential of Lp9 isolate in the gut, which was also suggested by a good adhesion ratio of 7.4+/-1.3% with Caco-2 cell line. The isolate demonstrated higher free radical scavenging activity than standard probiotics L. johnsonii LA1 and L. acidophilus LA7. Lp9 also exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli, L. monocytogenes, S. typhi, S. aureus and B. cereus. CONCLUSION The indigenous Lactobacillus plantarum Lp9 exhibited high resistance against low pH and bile and possessed antibacterial, antioxidative and cholesterol lowering properties with a potential for exploitation in the development of indigenous functional food or nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai K. Kaushik
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Raj K. Duary
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Ashok K. Mohanty
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Sunita Grover
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Virender K. Batish
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
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Matamoros S, Pilet MF, Gigout F, Prévost H, Leroi F. Selection and evaluation of seafood-borne psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria as inhibitors of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. Food Microbiol 2009; 26:638-44. [PMID: 19527840 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2009.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2008] [Revised: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 04/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, inhibitory psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria were isolated and investigated for future use in biopreservation of seafood products. Screening of 5575 colonies isolated from various seafood products resulted in the selection of 132 colonies presenting inhibitory properties. Among them, 52 isolates had characteristics of LAB and showed growth at 15 degrees C but not at 30 degrees C. The inhibition spectrum of these 52 isolates against 14 target strains (Gram-positive and -negative) showed inhibition of typical seafood spoiling and pathogenic bacteria and enabled the formation of seven interesting clusters. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of a representative isolate from each cluster identified three Leuconostoc gelidum, two Lactococcus piscium, one Lactobacillus fuchuensis and one Carnobacterium alterfunditum. Theses strains did not produce histamine nor tyramine, and showed no particular antibiotic resistance profile. Growth rate as a function of temperature was tested for one L. piscium and one L. gelidum isolate and confirmed their psychrotrophic behavior. One out of seven isolates showed bacteriocin-like activity. The inhibition mechanisms of the other isolates are still unknown but may be due to competition for substrate. Absence of a bacteriocin-like component could be a positive point to gain rapid authorization for food application in France. This collection of LAB is now ready for testing on products.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Matamoros
- UMR INRA 1014 SECALIM ENVN-ENITIAA, ENITIAA, Nantes, France
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Bacterial fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract of non-ruminants: Influence of fermented feeds and fermentable carbohydrates. Trop Anim Health Prod 2009; 41:1393-407. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-009-9327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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The D-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase incorrectly annotated PanE is the sole reduction system for branched-chain 2-keto acids in Lactococcus lactis. J Bacteriol 2008; 191:873-81. [PMID: 19047348 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01114-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyacid dehydrogenases of lactic acid bacteria, which catalyze the stereospecific reduction of branched-chain 2-keto acids to 2-hydroxyacids, are of interest in a variety of fields, including cheese flavor formation via amino acid catabolism. In this study, we used both targeted and random mutagenesis to identify the genes responsible for the reduction of 2-keto acids derived from amino acids in Lactococcus lactis. The gene panE, whose inactivation suppressed hydroxyisocaproate dehydrogenase activity, was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant His-tagged fusion protein was purified and characterized. The gene annotated panE was the sole gene responsible for the reduction of the 2-keto acids derived from leucine, isoleucine, and valine, while ldh, encoding L-lactate dehydrogenase, was responsible for the reduction of the 2-keto acids derived from phenylalanine and methionine. The kinetic parameters of the His-tagged PanE showed the highest catalytic efficiencies with 2-ketoisocaproate, 2-ketomethylvalerate, 2-ketoisovalerate, and benzoylformate (V(max)/K(m) ratios of 6,640, 4,180, 3,300, and 2,050 U/mg/mM, respectively), with NADH as the exclusive coenzyme. For the reverse reaction, the enzyme accepted d-2-hydroxyacids but not l-2-hydroxyacids. Although PanE showed the highest degrees of identity to putative NADP-dependent 2-ketopantoate reductases (KPRs), it did not exhibit KPR activity. Sequence homology analysis revealed that, together with the d-mandelate dehydrogenase of Enterococcus faecium and probably other putative KPRs, PanE belongs to a new family of D-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases which is unrelated to the well-described D-2-hydroxyisocaproate dehydrogenase family. Its probable physiological role is to regenerate the NAD(+) necessary to catabolize branched-chain amino acids, leading to the production of ATP and aroma compounds.
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