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Huang C, Hao W, Wang X, Zhou R, Lin Q. Probiotics for the treatment of ulcerative colitis: a review of experimental research from 2018 to 2022. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1211271. [PMID: 37485519 PMCID: PMC10358780 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1211271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) has become a worldwide public health problem, and the prevalence of the disease among children has been increasing. The pathogenesis of UC has not been elucidated, but dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is considered the main cause of chronic intestinal inflammation. This review focuses on the therapeutic effects of probiotics on UC and the potential mechanisms involved. In animal studies, probiotics have been shown to alleviate symptoms of UC, including weight loss, diarrhea, blood in the stool, and a shortened colon length, while also restoring intestinal microecological homeostasis, improving gut barrier function, modulating the intestinal immune response, and attenuating intestinal inflammation, thereby providing theoretical support for the development of probiotic-based microbial products as an adjunctive therapy for UC. However, the efficacy of probiotics is influenced by factors such as the bacterial strain, dose, and form. Hence, the mechanisms of action need to be investigated further. Relevant clinical trials are currently lacking, so the extension of animal experimental findings to clinical application requires a longer period of consideration for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuilan Huang
- Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Children’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Wujuan Hao
- Department of Digestive, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuyang Wang
- Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Children’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Renmin Zhou
- Department of Digestive, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiong Lin
- Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Children’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
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Rodríguez-Blanque R, Sánchez-García JC, Cobos Vargas A, Leyva Martínez MS, Martínez Diz S, Cortés-Martín J, Tovar-Gálvez MI. Evaluation of Lactobacillus Coryniformis K8 Consumption by Health Care Workers Exposed to COVID-19 (LactoCor2 Project): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e37857. [PMID: 37285326 PMCID: PMC10365585 DOI: 10.2196/37857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactobacillus coryniformis K8 CECT5711 has immune-modulating properties, enhances the immune response to viral antigens leading to the production of specific antibodies, and has anti-inflammatory activity, which may help to prevent uncontrolled inflammatory processes leading to respiratory and other organ failures. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the consumption of a probiotic strain on the incidence and severity of COVID-19 in health personnel who carry out their professional work among patients with infection or suspected infection by SARS-CoV-2. METHODS This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial in which the experimental group will receive a capsule of L coryniformis K8 per day (3×109 colony former units/day), and the control group will receive a daily placebo capsule consisting of maltodextrin. A sample size of 314 volunteers was calculated. Volunteers must meet the following inclusion criteria: older than 20 years and active health personnel caring for patients with COVID-19, including all professionals such as medical doctors, nurses, and caretakers at the 2 referral hospitals that treat patients with COVID-19. The main outcome of the clinical trial will be the incidence of symptomatic infection by SARS-CoV-2 in personnel who care for patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. RESULTS The study had to be extended to the 2 referral hospitals that treat patients with COVID-19 in the province of Granada (Andalusia, Spain); Hospital San Cecilio and Hospital Virgen de las Nieves. A total of 255 individuals met the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to one of the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS The results of this randomized controlled trial will provide valuable information regarding the administration of L coryniformis K8 against COVID-19, including whether there are fewer infectious processes due to this virus or, in case of occurrence, whether the disease is milder in participants taking the probiotic strain. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04366180; http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04366180. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/37857.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque
- Grupo de Investigación CTS-1068, Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Sánchez-García
- Grupo de Investigación CTS-1068, Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Angel Cobos Vargas
- Grupo de Investigación CTS-1068, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Silvia Martínez Diz
- Grupo de Investigación CTS-1068, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Jonathan Cortés-Martín
- Grupo de Investigación CTS-1068, Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez
- Grupo de Investigación CTS-1068, Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Wang M, Hu T, Lin X, Liang H, Li W, Zhao S, Zhong Y, Zhang H, Ge L, Jin X, Xiao L, Zou Y. Probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus gasseri TF08-1: A cholesterol-lowering bacterium, isolated from human gut. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 169:110276. [PMID: 37321015 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacillus contribute to maintain the human healthy and use for nutritional additives as probiotics. In this study, a cholesterol-lowering bacterium, Lactobacillus gasseri TF08-1, was isolated from the feces of a healthy adolescent, and its probiotic potentials were evaluated through genomic mining and in vitro test. The assembled draft genome comprised of 1,974,590 bp and was predicted total of 1,940 CDSs. The annotation of the genome revealed that L. gasseri TF08-1 harbored abundant categories of functional genes in metabolic and information processing. Moreover, strain TF08-1 has capacity to utilize D-Glucose, Sucrose, D-Maltose, Salicin, D-Xylose, D-Cellobiose, D-Mannose, and D-Trehalose, as the carbon source. The safety assessment showed strain TF08-1 contained few antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors and was only resistant to 2 antibiotics detected by antimicrobial susceptibility test. A high bile salt hydrolase activity was found and a cholesterol-reducing effect was determined in vitro, which the result showed a remarkable cholesterol removal capability of L. gasseri TF08-1 with an efficiency of 84.40 %. This study demonstrated that the strain showed great capability of exopolysaccharide production, and tolerance to acid and bile salt. Therefore, these results indicate that L. gasseri TF08-1 can be considered as a safe candidate for probiotic, especially its potential in biotherapeutic for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Xiaoqian Lin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Wenxi Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Yiyi Zhong
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lan Ge
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Jin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of human intestinal microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; BGI Research-Wuhan, BGI, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of human intestinal microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; BGI Research-Wuhan, BGI, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Immunomodulation of the Vaginal Ecosystem by Ligilactobacillus salivarius CECT 30632 Improves Pregnancy Rates among Women with Infertility of Unknown Origin or Habitual Abortions. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020362. [PMID: 36678233 PMCID: PMC9860997 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the probiotic potential of Ligilactobacillus salivarius CECT 30632 was assessed, including properties specifically related with gynecological targets. This strain displayed co-aggregative and antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of vaginal pathogens while being respectful with the growth of vaginal lactobacilli. The strain produced a high concentration of lactic acid and displayed α-amylase activity when assayed in vitro. It showed a noticeable survival rate after exposition to conditions similar to those present in the human digestive tract and was adhesive to both vaginal and intestinal cells. Subsequently, their capacity to increase pregnancy rates among women with habitual abortion or infertility of unknown origin was studied. Administration of L. salivarius CECT 30632 (~9 log10 CFU) daily for a maximum of six months to these women was safe and led to a successful pregnancy rate of 67.5% (80% and 55% for women with repetitive abortion and infertile women, respectively). Significant differences in Nugent score, vaginal pH, and vaginal concentrations of lactobacilli, TGF-β, and VEFG were observed when the samples collected before the intervention were compared with those collected after the treatment among those women who got pregnant. Therefore, this strain can modulate the vaginal ecosystem and lead to better fertility outcomes.
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Li X, Su L, Zhang X, Chen Q, Wang Y, Shen Z, Zhong T, Wang L, Xiao Y, Feng X, Yu X. Recent Advances on the Function and Purification of Milk Exosomes: A Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:871346. [PMID: 35757254 PMCID: PMC9219579 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.871346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-scale extracellular vesicles, which can be used as drug carriers, tumor treatment, intestinal development and immune regulator. That is why it has great potential in pharmacy, functional foods, nutritional supplements, especially those for infants, postoperative patients, chemotherapy patients and the elderly. In addition, abnormal exosome level is also related to diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, tumor, diabetes, neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases, as well as infectious diseases. Despite its high biological significance, pharmaceutical and nutritional value, the low abundancy of exosomes in milk is one of the bottlenecks restricting its in-depth research and real-life application. At present, there is no unified standard for the extraction of breast milk exosomes. Therefore, choosing the proper extraction method is very critical for its subsequent research and development. Based on this, this paper reviewed the purification techniques, the function and the possible applications of milk exosomes based on 47 latest references. Humble advices on future directions, prospects on new ideas and methods which are useful for the study of exosomes are proposed at the end of the paper as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Li
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan Su
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinling Zhang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenwei Shen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian Zhong
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou, China
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Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus FM9 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum Y57 Are as Effective as Statins at Improving Blood Lipid Profile in High Cholesterol, High-Fat Diet Model in Male Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081654. [PMID: 35458216 PMCID: PMC9027066 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated serum cholesterol is a major risk factor for coronary heart diseases. Some Lactobacillus strains with cholesterol-lowering potential have been isolated from artisanal food products. The purpose of this study was to isolate probiotic Lactobacillus strains from traditional yoghurt (dahi) and yogurt milk (lassi) and investigate the impact of these strains on the blood lipid profile and anti-obesity effect in a high cholesterol high fat diet model in Wistar rats. Eight candidate probiotic strains were chosen based on in vitro probiotic features and cholesterol reduction ability. By 16S rDNA sequencing, these strains were identified as Limosilactibacillus fermentum FM6, L. fermentum FM16, L. fermentum FM12, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus FM9, L. fermentum Y55, L. fermentum Y57, L. rhamnosus Y59, and L. fermentum Y63. The safety of these strains was investigated by feeding 2 × 108 CFU/mL in saline water for 28 days in a Wistar rat model. No bacterial translocation or any other adverse effects were observed in animals after administration of strains in water, which indicates the safety of strains. The cholesterol-lowering profile of these probiotics was evaluated in male Wistar rats using a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFCD) model. For 30 days, animals were fed probiotic strains in water with 2 × 108 CFU/mL/rat/day, in addition to a high fat, high cholesterol diet. The cholesterol-lowering effects of various probiotic strains were compared to those of statin. All strains showed improvement in total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, and weight gain. Serum cholesterol levels were reduced by 9% and 8% for L. rhamnosus FM9 and L. fermentum Y57, respectively, compared to 5% for the statin-treated group. HDL levels significantly improved by 46 and 44% for L. rhamnosus FM9 and L. fermentum Y57, respectively, compared to 46% for the statin-treated group. Compared to the statin-treated group, FM9 and Y57 significantly reduced LDL levels by almost twofold. These findings show that these strains can improve blood lipid profiles as effectively as statins in male Wistar rats. Furthermore, probiotic-fed groups helped weight control in animals on HFCD, indicating the possible anti-obesity potential of these strains. These strains can be used to develop food products and supplements to treat ischemic heart diseases and weight management. Clinical trials, however, are required to validate these findings.
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Evaluation of inhibitory and probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from vaginal microflora. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:427-445. [PMID: 35083726 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-021-00942-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LABs) are known to secrete species-specific secondary metabolites that could be utilized as novel therapeutics against multi-drug resistant pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the antagonistic and probiotic properties of LABs isolated from the vaginal ecosystem of healthy women and to assess the stability of their antagonistic metabolites. Among 43 strains isolated from healthy women, eight LAB strains exhibited detectable BLISs (bacteriocin-like substances) producing ability against E. faecalis (JH-86), S. aureus (JH-68), Streptococcus sp. (JH-80), and E. coli (JH-101), with zone of inhibition (ZI) ranging from 9.00 to 20.33 mm and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) from 62.5 to 500 μL/mL, respectively. The partially purified compounds extracted from cell free supernatant (CFS) displayed an increase in antagonistic activity based on ZI, 9.67-30.17 mm and MICs, 3.91-15.63 mg/mL, respectively. In a time-kill study, both crude and partially purified compounds of Limosilactobacillus reuteri (MT180537), Pediococcus pentosaceus (MT176555), Limosilactobacillus pontis (MW362838), and Levilactobacillus brevis (MW362790) exhibited significant bactericidal action against E. faecalis (MW051601), the most frequent etiological agent of aerobic vaginitis (AV). The active secondary metabolites from L. reuteri (MT180537), P. pentosaceus (MT176555), and L. pontis (MW362838) were protein in nature and remained stable under different physicochemical conditions. Regarding probiotic properties, the strains presented probiotic characteristics, i.e., good acid, bile salt tolerance, aggregation properties, and biofilm formation. The strains were susceptible to most of the commonly used antibiotics and had no hemolytic activity. In conclusion, antagonistic compounds or BLIS produced by L. reuteri (MT180537) could be investigated further for preparation of ointments to treat AV.
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[Isolation, identification and safety evaluation of Lactobacillus gasseri strain LGV03 isolated from the vagina of healthy women]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1809-1815. [PMID: 35012912 PMCID: PMC8752435 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.12.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the bacterial strain LGV03 isolated from the reproductive tract of healthy women and evaluate its safety. METHODS The bacterial strains were isolated and purified using MRS agar by dilution plating and streak plate method. Gram staining was used to observe the morphology of the isolated strains and identify Gram-negative and -positive strains. The physiological and biochemical properties of the bacteria was assessed using VITEK ANC card. Strain LGV03 was identified by molecular biology and phylogenetic analysis and tested for hemolysis on blood agar plates. E-test method was performed to examine the sensitivity of strain LGV03. The concentration of lactic acid in the culture supernatant of LGV03 was measured using a biochemical analyzer. The safety of LGV03 was evaluated in mice using acute oral toxicity test. RESULTS The isolated bacterial strain LGV03 showed good growth under anaerobic conditions at 37 ℃ on MRS medium and formed round, milky white, moist, and opaque colonies with neat margins. The strain LGV03 was positive for Gram staining, rod-shaped with a size range of (0.4-0.5) × (0.9-6.3) μm, and was identified as Lactobacillus gersonii. LGV03 was sensitive to PG, AM, MP, VA, EM and LZ. In MRS medium LGV03 could produce lactic acid, which reached its saturation concentration after 18 h with a final concentration of 1.72 mg/mL. The mice with acute oral exposure to LGV03 showed no significant changes of body weight or organ weight as compared with normal saline-treated mice. CONCLUSION The bacterial strain LGV03 isolated from the female reproductive tract was identified as Lactobacillus gersonii with potential probiotic effects and good safety profile.
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Salman M, Tariq A, Ijaz A, Naheed S, Hashem A, Abd_Allah EF, Soliman MH, Javed MR. In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Lactobacillus coryniformis BCH-4 Bioactive Compounds and Determination of their Bioprotective Effects on Nutritional Components of Maize ( Zea mays L.). Molecules 2020; 25:E4685. [PMID: 33066377 PMCID: PMC7587371 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can synthesize antimicrobial compounds (AMCs) with nutritional and bioprotective properties in crops and food products. In the current study, AMCs of Lactobacillus coryniformis BCH-4 were evaluated to control fungal spoilage in maize grains. On maize grains treated with 75%-100% (v/v) concentrated AMCs, no fungal growth was observed even after 72 h of Aspergillus flavus inoculation. Proximate analysis of treatments A1 (raw grains), A2 (A. flavus inoculated grains) and A3 (A. flavus + AMCs inoculated grains) revealed that moisture was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) high in A2 than A3 and A1. Meanwhile, protein, fat, fiber and ash contents were significantly decreased in A2 compared to A1 and A3. Moreover, β-carotene contents were not statistically different between A1 and A3, while in A2 it was significantly decreased. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of 2-oxopropanoic acid, 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid, 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, propanedioic acid and butanedioic acid, which also showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl and ester-groups along with organic and fatty acids, thereby indicating their participation in inhibitory action. Furthermore, the AMCs were found to be a good alternative to chemical preservatives, thereby not only preserving the nutritive qualities but increasing the shelf life as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahwish Salman
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Anam Tariq
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (A.T.)
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Anam Ijaz
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Shazia Naheed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mona H. Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Javed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
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Olimpio FS, Del Fiol FS, Lima R, Rosa KS, Roque GA, Santos CV, Piletz J. Evaluation of Microbiota and Weight Alterations After the Administration of Tetracycline and Lactobacillus gasseri in Rats. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:2449-2455. [PMID: 32561977 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the largest current public health problems. Recent studies suggest that persistent changes in the intestinal microbiota (dysbiosis) can eventually lead to obesity. A stable core of intestinal microbiota exists, primarily composed of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, but their proportions can be altered by antibiotics. Such changes appear to not only alter host energy consumption but also modify host satiety mechanisms. Our study evaluated possible changes in the gut microbiota caused by oral administration of tetracycline, both alone or in combination with Lactobacillus gasseri in rats. Zoometric analyses were conducted and qPCR of fecal samples were analyzed to allow comparison before and during treatment regarding Firmicutes Bacteroidetes proportions. The results showed increased weight and body mass index (BMI) in animals treated with tetracycline alone (P < 0.05) when compared to the group that received tetracycline with probiotic, except for BMI in phase two when there was no statistical significance. Molecular analysis showed that after animals were treated with tetracycline, Firmicutes predominated over Bacteroidetes bacteria, which was coincident with increased weight and BMI. Probiotic addition may have minimized tetracycline dysbiosis, preventing excessive weight gain. Changes in microbiota caused by antibiotics have been shown to be an important factor related to childhood obesity. Microbiological manipulation of microbiota can play an important role in weight control, especially with antibiotic acting microbiota. More studies are needed to elucidate this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando S Olimpio
- Pharmacology Department, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Sa Del Fiol
- Pharmacology Department, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Renata Lima
- Pharmacology Department, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina S Rosa
- Veterinary School, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme A Roque
- Veterinary School, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Cintia V Santos
- Veterinary School, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - John Piletz
- Department of Biology, Mississippi College, Clinton, MS, 39058, USA
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Atabati H, Esmaeili SA, Saburi E, Akhlaghi M, Raoofi A, Rezaei N, Momtazi-Borojeni AA. Probiotics with ameliorating effects on the severity of skin inflammation in psoriasis: Evidence from experimental and clinical studies. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8925-8937. [PMID: 32346892 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and clinical studies have confirmed safety and the medical benefits of probiotics as immunomodulatory medications. Recent advances have emphasized the critical effect of gastrointestinal bacteria in the pathology of inflammatory disorders, even, outside the gut. Probiotics have shown promising results for curing skin-influencing inflammatory disorders through modulating the immune response by manipulating the gut microbiome. Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory skin disease, which exhibits a microbiome distinct from the normal skin. In the present review, we considered the impact of gastrointestinal microbiota on the psoriasis pathogenesis, and through literature survey, attempted to explore probiotic species utilized for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Atabati
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Immunology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Hasan Hospital, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.,Immunogenetic and Cell Culture Department, Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maedeh Akhlaghi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Amir Raoofi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology and Biology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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12
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Xu X, Peng Q, Zhang Y, Tian D, Zhang P, Huang Y, Ma L, Qiao Y, Shi B. A novel exopolysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus coryniformis NA-3 exhibits antioxidant and biofilm-inhibiting properties in vitro. Food Nutr Res 2020; 64:3744. [PMID: 32425737 PMCID: PMC7217292 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v64.3744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) secreted from lactic acid bacteria are carbohydrate polymers with reported biological activities. In this study, we extracted and characterized the composition as well as antioxidant and biofilm-inhibitory properties of EPS from Lactobacillus coryniformis NA-3 isolated from northeast Chinese sauerkraut (Suan Cai). Methods Lactobacillus coryniformis NA-3 was identified with 16S rDNA amplification and Neighbor Joining (NJ) phylogenetic analysis. EPS derived from Lactobacillus coryniformis NA-3 (EPS-NA3) was analyzed, including compositions by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and glycosidic bond configuration by Hydrogen-1 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR). Antioxidant activity of EPS was evaluated with hydroxyl and superoxide radical-scavenging. Anti-biofilm activities of EPS-NA3 were checked through inhibition and dispersion. Results The monosaccharide composition of EPS included α-rhamnose, α-mannose, α-galactose, and α-glucose in a ratio of 2.6:1.0:5.0:3.3. The free radical-scavenging abilities of EPS-NA3 were 37.77% ± 1.56% and 78.87% ± 3.07% on hydroxyl and superoxide reactive oxygen species respectively. Moreover, EPS-NA3 attenuated the formation of Bacillus cereus and Salmonella typhimurium biofilms by inhibition ratios of approximately 80% and 40% respectively. Additionally, treatment with EPS-NA3 dispersed established biofilms of B. cereus and S. typhimurium by approximately 90% and 20% respectively. Conclusion These results suggest that EPS-NA3 may be developed as antioxidant and anti-biofilm agents for industrial and clinical applications due to its capacity of scavenging free radicals, inhibition of bacterial biofilm formation, and dispersion of established biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Xu
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qing Peng
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dandan Tian
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Pengbo Zhang
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ying Huang
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lan Ma
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yu Qiao
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bo Shi
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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13
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Pradhan D, Mallappa RH, Grover S. Comprehensive approaches for assessing the safety of probiotic bacteria. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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14
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Ruiz L, García-Carral C, Rodriguez JM. Unfolding the Human Milk Microbiome Landscape in the Omics Era. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1378. [PMID: 31293535 PMCID: PMC6604669 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies conducted in the last years have demonstrated that human milk represents a continuous supply of beneficial bacteria to the infant gut, which contribute to the maturation of the digestive and immune functions in the developing infant. Nevertheless, the origin of bacterial populations in milk is not fully understood yet and they have been proposed to originate from maternal skin, infant’s mouth, and (or) endogenously, from the maternal digestive tract through a mechanism involving immune cells. Understanding the composition, functions and assembly of the human milk microbiota has important implications not only for the infant gut microbiota establishment, but also for the mammary health since dysbiosis in the milk bacteria may lead to mastitis. Besides, host, microbial, medical and environmental factors may affect the composition of the human milk microbiome, with implications for the mother-infant health. Application of both culture-dependent and -independent techniques to assess the milk microbiome faces some practical limitations but, together, have allowed providing novel and complementary views on its origin, composition and functioning as summarized in this minireview. In the next future, the application of the ultimate advances in next-generation sequencing and omics approaches, including culturomics, will allow a detailed and comprehensive understanding of the composition and functions of these microbial communities, including their interactions with other milk components, expanding the opportunities to design novel microbiome-based modulation strategies for this ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ruiz
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Carral
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Rodriguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Martín V, Cárdenas N, Ocaña S, Marín M, Arroyo R, Beltrán D, Badiola C, Fernández L, Rodríguez JM. Rectal and Vaginal Eradication of Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) in Pregnant Women by Using Lactobacillus salivarius CECT 9145, A Target-specific Probiotic Strain. Nutrients 2019; 11:E810. [PMID: 30974819 PMCID: PMC6521265 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococci, GBS) can cause severe neonatal sepsis. The recto-vaginal GBS screening of pregnant women and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) to positive ones is one of the main preventive options. However, such a strategy has some limitations and there is a need for alternative approaches. Initially, the vaginal microbiota of 30 non-pregnant and 24 pregnant women, including the assessment of GBS colonization, was studied. Among the Lactobacillus isolates, 10 Lactobacillus salivarius strains were selected for further characterization. In vitro characterization revealed that L. salivarius CECT 9145 was the best candidate for GBS eradication. Its efficacy to eradicate GBS from the intestinal and vaginal tracts of pregnant women was evaluated in a pilot trial involving 57 healthy pregnant women. All the volunteers in the probiotic group (n = 25) were GBS-positive and consumed ~9 log10 cfu of L. salivarius CECT 9145 daily from week 26 to week 38. At the end of the trial (week 38), 72% and 68% of the women in this group were GBS-negative in the rectal and vaginal samples, respectively. L. salivarius CECT 9145 seems to be an efficient method to reduce the number of GBS-positive women during pregnancy, decreasing the number of women receiving IAP during delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Martín
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nivia Cárdenas
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sara Ocaña
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Unidad de Reproducción, Fundación Hospital Alcorcón, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain.
| | - María Marín
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Arroyo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Beltrán
- Centro de Diagnóstico Médico, Ayuntamiento de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Badiola
- Laboratorios Casen Recordati S.L., Vía de las Dos Castillas, 33, 28224 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Leónides Fernández
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan M Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Pino A, Bartolo E, Caggia C, Cianci A, Randazzo CL. Detection of vaginal lactobacilli as probiotic candidates. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3355. [PMID: 30833631 PMCID: PMC6399336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The vaginal microbiota of healthy women is dominated by lactobacilli, which exerts important health-promoting effects to the host. In the present study, 261 lactobacilli isolated from vagina of healthy women were screened for their potential probiotic characteristics. Safety features (haemolytic activity, antibiotic susceptibility, bile salt hydrolase activity) and functional properties (resistance to low pH and bile salts, lysozyme tolerance, gastrointestinal survival, antagonistic activity against pathogens, hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation, and co-aggregation abilities, hydrogen peroxide production, biofilm formation, exopolysaccharide production, adhesion capacity to both normal human vagina epithelial cells and Caco-2 epithelial cells, and lactic acid production) were in depth evaluated. Seven strains, identified as Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus helveticus and Lactobacillus salivarius fulfilled the criteria described above. Therefore, the vaginal ecosystem represents a suitable source of probiotic candidates that could be used in new functional formulates for both gastrointestinal and vaginal eubiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Pino
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuela Bartolo
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Gynecological Clinic, University of Catania, Policlinico Universitario, Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Caggia
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Cianci
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Gynecological Clinic, University of Catania, Policlinico Universitario, Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia L Randazzo
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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17
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Cárdenas N, Martín V, Arroyo R, López M, Carrera M, Badiola C, Jiménez E, Rodríguez JM. Prevention of Recurrent Acute Otitis Media in Children Through the Use of Lactobacillus salivarius PS7, a Target-Specific Probiotic Strain. Nutrients 2019; 11:E376. [PMID: 30759799 PMCID: PMC6413216 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common bacterial infections in children. Empiric antibiotherapy leads to increasing antimicrobial resistance rates among otopathogens and may impair the correct development of the microbiota in early life. In this context, probiotics seem to be an attractive approach for preventing recurrent AOM (rAOM) through the restoration of the middle ear and nasopharyngeal microbiota. The aim of this study was the selection of a probiotic strain (Lactobacillus salivarius PS7), specifically tailored for its antagonism against otopathogens. Since L. salivarius PS7 was safe and displayed a strong antimicrobial activity against otopathogens, its efficacy in preventing rAOM was assessed in a trial involving 61 children suffering from rAOM. Children consumed daily ~1 × 10⁸ CFU of L. salivarius PS7, and the number of AOM episodes were registered and compared with that observed in the previous 6 and 12 months. The microbiota of samples collected from the external auditory canal samples was quantitatively and qualitatively assessed. The number of AOM episodes during the intervention period decreased significantly (84%) when compared to that reported during the 6 months period before the probiotic intervention. In conclusion, L. salivarius PS7 is a promising strain for the prevention of rAOM in infants and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivia Cárdenas
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Virginia Martín
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Arroyo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mario López
- Centro de Salud Bermeo, Tonpoi Kalea, s/n, 48370 Bermeo, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Marta Carrera
- Centro de Salud Silvano, Av. de Machupichu, 58, 28043 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Badiola
- Laboratorios Casen Recordati S.L., Vía de las Dos Castillas, 33, 28224 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Esther Jiménez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan M Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Guantario B, Zinno P, Schifano E, Roselli M, Perozzi G, Palleschi C, Uccelletti D, Devirgiliis C. In Vitro and in Vivo Selection of Potentially Probiotic Lactobacilli From Nocellara del Belice Table Olives. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:595. [PMID: 29643848 PMCID: PMC5882814 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Table olives are increasingly recognized as a vehicle as well as a source of probiotic bacteria, especially those fermented with traditional procedures based on the activity of indigenous microbial consortia, originating from local environments. In the present study, we report characterization at the species level of 49 Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) strains deriving from Nocellara del Belice table olives fermented with the Spanish or Castelvetrano methods, recently isolated in our previous work. Ribosomal 16S DNA analysis allowed identification of 4 Enterococcus gallinarum, 3 E. casseliflavus, 14 Leuconostoc mesenteroides, 19 Lactobacillus pentosus, 7 L. coryniformis, and 2 L. oligofermentans. The L. pentosus and L. coryniformis strains were subjected to further screening to evaluate their probiotic potential, using a combination of in vitro and in vivo approaches. The majority of them showed high survival rates under in vitro simulated gastro-intestinal conditions, and positive antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) pathogens. Evaluation of antibiotic resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, or erythromycin was also performed for all selected strains. Three L. coryniformis strains were selected as very good performers in the initial in vitro testing screens, they were antibiotic susceptible, as well as capable of inhibiting pathogen growth in vitro. Parallel screening employing the simplified model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, fed the Lactobacillus strains as a food source, revealed that one L. pentosus and one L. coryniformis strains significantly induced prolongevity effects and protection from pathogen-mediated infection. Moreover, both strains displayed adhesion to human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells and were able to outcompete foodborne pathogens for cell adhesion. Overall, these results are suggestive of beneficial features for novel LAB strains, which renders them promising candidates as starters for the manufacturing of fermented table olives with probiotic added value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Guantario
- Food & Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Zinno
- Food & Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Emily Schifano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Roselli
- Food & Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuditta Perozzi
- Food & Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Palleschi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Devirgiliis
- Food & Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
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19
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Redondo N, Nova E, Gheorghe A, Díaz LE, Hernández A, Marcos A. Evaluation of Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 strain as a coadjuvant in a vaccination process: a randomised clinical trial in healthy adults. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2017; 14:2. [PMID: 28070204 PMCID: PMC5217323 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the effects of probiotics on the immune system have been extensively evaluated under disease states, their role in healthy situations remains unclear, since changes are hardly expected under immunological homeostasis. EFSA indicates that vaccination protocols could be used to evaluate the potential role of probiotics to improve the immune response against antigen challenges. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 (Lc) on the specific immunity of healthy volunteers undergoing vaccination with Hepatitis A virus (HAV). METHODS One hundred twenty-three healthy adults were randomised into three groups to follow a 6-week (wk) intervention and all received an intramuscular HAV vaccine 2 weeks after starting the intervention: 1) PRO1 received Lc for 2weeks (1 capsule/day; 3 × 109 CFU/capsule) and placebo capsules after vaccination; 2) PRO2 received a daily capsule of Lc (3 × 109 cfu/day) before and after the challenge; 3) Control group (C) received a daily placebo capsule before and after the vaccine. Blood samples were collected at the beginning (visit 1; V1) and after 2 (V2) and 6 weeks (V3) of the intervention. At each visit, lymphocyte subset counts and cytokine levels were analysed. Specific HAV antibodies were analysed at V1 and V3. To evaluate differences between groups, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test were used regarding lymphocyte subset counts and specific HAV antibodies production, and Friedman test of related samples and Kendall concordance coefficient for cytokines production. Chi square test was used to analyse seroconversion rates. RESULTS Specific HAV antibodies were significantly higher in PRO1 (50.54 ± 29.57) compared to C (36.23 ± 16.45) (P = 0.017) and showed an intermediate value in PRO2 (41.61 ± 15.74). Seroconversion rates were similar in the three groups (97.3, 92.3 and 97.4% in C, PRO1 and PRO2 respectively). Memory T-helper lymphocytes increased in V3 vs. V1 (P = 0.032) in PRO2. No differences were found in cytokine concentrations. CONCLUSION Mixed results have been found regarding the usefulness of Lc supplementation to increase the antigen-specific antibody response to an immune challenge. Clinical trial registration number: EudraCT Number 2016-000183-42. Registered 19 January 2016. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Redondo
- Immunonutrition Group (Metabolism and Nutrition Department) - Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais St. 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Nova
- Immunonutrition Group (Metabolism and Nutrition Department) - Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais St. 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alina Gheorghe
- Immunonutrition Group (Metabolism and Nutrition Department) - Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais St. 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ligia Esperanza Díaz
- Immunonutrition Group (Metabolism and Nutrition Department) - Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais St. 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Hernández
- Immunonutrition Group (Metabolism and Nutrition Department) - Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais St. 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Immunonutrition Group (Metabolism and Nutrition Department) - Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais St. 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Devi Avaiyarasi N, David Ravindran A, Venkatesh P, Arul V. In vitro selection, characterization and cytotoxic effect of bacteriocin of Lactobacillus sakei GM3 isolated from goat milk. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Baquerizo Nole KL, Yim E, Keri JE. Probiotics and prebiotics in dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 71:814-21. [PMID: 24906613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase in the medical use of probiotics and prebiotics in recent years has confirmed their excellent safety profile. As immune modulators, they have been used in inflammatory skin conditions, such as atopic dermatitis. We review the literature regarding the use of probiotics and prebiotics in dermatology. Probiotics and prebiotics appear to be effective in reducing the incidence of atopic dermatitis in infants, but their role in atopic dermatitis treatment is controversial. Their role in acne, wound healing, and photoprotection is promising, but larger trials are needed before a final recommendation can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Baquerizo Nole
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
| | - Elizabeth Yim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jonette E Keri
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Dermatology, Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Miami, Florida
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22
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Owaga EE, Chen MJ, Chen WY, Chen CW, Hsieh RH. Oral toxicity evaluation of kefir-isolated Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens M1 in Sprague-Dawley rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 70:157-62. [PMID: 24842838 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacilli kefiranofaciens M1 has shown novel immunomodulation and anti-allergy probiotic attributes in cell and animal models. An acute oral toxicity assessment of L. kefiranofaciens M1 was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were randomly assigned to four groups (12 rats/sex/group): the low dose group was orally gavaged with L. kefiranofaciens M1 at 3.0×10(8)cfu/kg bw while the medium dose and high dose groups received 9.0×10(9)cfu/kg bw and 1.8×10(10)cfu/kg bw, respectively, for 28days. The control group received phosphate buffer saline. The body weights were measured weekly while blood samples were collected for haematology and serum biochemistry tests. Histopathology of the organs (heart, liver, kidney, adrenal glands, spleen, ovary, testis), and urinalysis were conducted on study termination. The body weight gain of the L. kefiranofaciens M1 and control groups were comparable during the administration period. Overall, L. kefiranofaciens M1 did not induce adverse effects on haematology, serum biochemistry, and urinalysis parameters. Gross and microscopic histopathology of the organs revealed no toxicity effect of L. kefiranofaciens M1. In conclusion, 1.8×10(10)cfu/kg bw of L. kefiranofaciens M1 was considered as the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL), which was the highest dose tested in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Owaga
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - M J Chen
- Research Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - W Y Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, and Department of Pathology, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - C W Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - R H Hsieh
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC.
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Selle K, Klaenhammer TR. Genomic and phenotypic evidence for probiotic influences of Lactobacillus gasseri on human health. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2013; 37:915-35. [PMID: 23488471 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6976.12021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have the capacity to occupy mucosal niches of humans, including the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and vagina. Among commensal, LAB are species of the acidophilus complex, which have proven to be a substantial reservoir for microorganisms with probiotic attributes. Specifically, Lactobacillus gasseri is an autochthonous microorganism which has been evaluated for probiotic activity based on the availability of genome sequence and species-specific adaptation to the human mucosa. Niche-related characteristics of L. gasseri contributing to indigenous colonization include tolerance of low pH environments, resistance to bile salts, and adhesion to the host epithelium. In humans, L. gasseri elicits various health benefits through its antimicrobial activity, bacteriocin production, and immunomodulation of the innate and adaptive systems. The genomic and empirical evidence supporting use of L. gasseri in probiotic applications is substantiated by clinical trial data displaying maintenance of vaginal homeostasis, mitigation of Helicobacter pylori infection, and amelioration of diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Selle
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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ZHANG H, SUN J, WANG QY, HE YT, GU HY, GUO HY, DING QB, YANG JS, REN FZ. Safety Assessment of Lactobacillus salivarius REN, a Probiotic Strain Isolated from Centenarian Feces. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.19.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Salazar N, Binetti A, Gueimonde M, Alonso A, Garrido P, González del Rey C, González C, Ruas-Madiedo P, de los Reyes-Gavilán CG. Safety and intestinal microbiota modulation by the exopolysaccharide-producing strains Bifidobacterium animalis IPLA R1 and Bifidobacterium longum IPLA E44 orally administered to Wistar rats. Int J Food Microbiol 2011; 144:342-51. [PMID: 21078530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis IPLA R1 and Bifidobacterium longum IPLA E44 strains were tested for their safety and ability to modulate the intestinal microbiota in vivo. Chemically simulated gastrointestinal digestion showed considerably lower survival of E44 than R1 strain, the first microorganism also being more sensitive to refrigerated storage in 10% skimmed milk at 4°C. Harmful glycosidic activities were absent, or at low levels, in the strains R1 and E44. Both strains were sensitive to most antibiotics and resistant to aminoglycosides, a common feature in bifidobacteria. Similar to several other bifidobacteria strains, B. animalis subsp. lactis IPLA R1 displayed a moderate resistance against tetracycline which correlated with the presence of tet(W) gene in its genome. The general parameters indicating well-being status, as well as translocation to different organs and histological examination of the gut tissues, revealed no changes induced by the administration of bifidobacteria to rats. Twelve-week-old male Wistar rats were distributed into three groups, eight rats in each. Two groups were administered daily over 10⁸cfu of the corresponding strain suspended in 10% skimmed milk for 24 days, whereas rats in the placebo group received skimmed milk without microorganisms added. The microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were monitored in faeces at different time points during treatment and in caecum content at the end of the assay. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed that faecal and caecal Bifidobacterium levels were higher in bifidobacteria-fed rats than in the placebo rats at the end of the intervention, whereas total anaerobic plate counts did not show significant differences. Quantification of B. animalis and B. longum by qPCR showed that, independent of the microorganism administered, treatment with bifidobacteria resulted in higher levels of B. animalis in the caecum. PCR-DGGE analysis of microbial populations revealed a higher diversity of bands in caecum content of rats fed B. animalis IPLA R1 than in the placebo group and rats fed B. longum IPLA E44. Remarkably, although no variations in the proportion of acetate, propionate and butyrate were found, at the end of the assay the total SCFA concentration in the faeces of rats fed bifidobacteria was significantly higher and those in caecum content significantly lower, than that of the placebo group. This suggests a displacement of the SCFA production to parts of the colon beyond the caecum in rats receiving bifidobacteria. Therefore, the oral administration of B. animalis IPLA R1 and B. longum E44 can be considered safe, these microorganisms having the ability to modulate the intestinal microbiota of rats by influencing SCFA and the bifidobacterial population levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Salazar
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Carretera de Infiesto s/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
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Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to Lactobacillus gasseri CECT5714 and Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 and “natural defence/immune system” (ID 930) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. EFSA J 2010. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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29
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Cueva C, Moreno-Arribas MV, Martín-Alvarez PJ, Bills G, Vicente MF, Basilio A, Rivas CL, Requena T, Rodríguez JM, Bartolomé B. Antimicrobial activity of phenolic acids against commensal, probiotic and pathogenic bacteria. Res Microbiol 2010; 161:372-82. [PMID: 20451604 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2010.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Revised: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic acids (benzoic, phenylacetic and phenylpropionic acids) are the most abundant phenolic structures found in fecal water. As an approach towards the exploration of their action in the gut, this paper reports the antimicrobial activity of thirteen phenolic acids towards Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The growth of E. coli ATCC 25922 was inhibited by only four of the phenolic acids tested at a concentration of 1000 microg/mL, whereas pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 (CECT 5947) was susceptible to ten of them. The genetically manipulated E. coli lpxC/tolC strain was highly susceptible to phenolic acids. The growth of lactobacilli (Lactobacillus paraplantarum LCH7, Lactobacillus plantarum LCH17, Lactobacillus fermentum LPH1, L. fermentum CECT 5716, Lactobacillus brevis LCH23, and Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT 5711) and pathogens (S. aureus EP167 and C. albicans MY1055) was also inhibited by phenolic acids, but to varying extents. Only P. aeruginosa PAO1 was not susceptible to any of the phenolic compounds tested. Structure-activity relationships of phenolic acids and some of their diet precursors [(+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin] were established, based on multivariate analysis of microbial activities. The antimicrobial properties of phenolic acids reported in this paper might be relevant in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cueva
- Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales/CIAL (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Lactobacillus gasseri. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2010. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0b013e3181b9d31d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to “Lactobacillus gasseri CECT5714 and Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711” and decreasing potentially pathogenic intestinal microorganisms and improvement of intestinal transit (ID 937) pu. EFSA J 2009. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Maragkoudakis PA, Papadelli M, Georgalaki M, Panayotopoulou EG, Martinez-Gonzalez B, Mentis AF, Petraki K, Sgouras DN, Tsakalidou E. In vitro and in vivo safety evaluation of the bacteriocin producer Streptococcus macedonicus ACA-DC 198. Int J Food Microbiol 2009; 133:141-7. [PMID: 19515446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus macedonicus ACA-DC 198, a bacteriocin producer isolated from Greek Kasseri cheese, was used in a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments in order to evaluate its pathogenic potential. The strain was examined in vitro for haemolytic activity, antibiotic resistance and presence of pathogenicity genes encountered in Streptococcus pyogenes. Subsequently, the strain was orally administered to mice (8.9 log cfu daily), continuously over a period of 12 weeks, in order to ascertain the effects of its long term consumption on animal health and gastric inflammation. S. macedonicus ACA-DC 198 was found to be non-haemolytic and sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and vancomycin, with the only resistance observed against kanamycin. PCR amplification and DNA-DNA hybridization did not reveal the presence of any of the S.pyogenes pathogenicity genes examined, namely emm, scpA, hasA, speB, smez2, speJ, sagAB, hylA, ska, speF, speG, slo, hylP2 and mga. In the mouse study, no detrimental effects were observed in the behaviour, general well being, weight gain and water consumption of the animals receiving S. macedonicus ACA-DC 198. Histologic analysis showed no evidence of inflammation in the stomach of the animals receiving S. macedonicus ACA-DC 198, while faecal microbiological analysis revealed that the strain retained its viability passing through the mouse gastrointestinal tract. Finally, no evidence of translocation to the liver, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes was observed. In conclusion, none of the examined virulence determinants were detected in S. macedonicus ACA-DC 198 and its long term, high dosage oral administration did not appear to induce any pathogenic effect in mice.
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Ramiah K, Ten Doeschate K, Smith R, Dicks LMT. Safety Assessment of Lactobacillus plantarum 423 and Enterococcus mundtii ST4SA Determined in Trials with Wistar Rats. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2009; 1:15-23. [PMID: 26783128 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-009-9010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2008] [Accepted: 02/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Colonization of Lactobacillus plantarum 423 and Enterococcus mundtii ST4SA in the gastro-intestinal tract was determined by using Wistar rats as model. The strains were administered through intragastric gavage over 14 days. FISH with strain-specific oligonucleotide probes indicated that Lact. plantarum 423 adhered to the surfaces of the ileum and the cecum. Enterococcus mundtii ST4SA, on the other hand, adhered to the surfaces of the cecum and colon. Results obtained by DGGE have shown that strains 423 and ST4SA excluded Enterobacteriaceae, but not lactic acid bacteria, from the cecum and colon. No signs of perforation of epithelial cells by strains 423 and ST4SA were detected. The spleen and liver appeared healthy and blood counts were normal, suggesting that the strains are not pathogenic. Both strains produce antimicrobial peptides active against a number of pathogens and may be considered as probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ramiah
- Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland 7602, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
| | - K Ten Doeschate
- Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland 7602, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
| | - Rob Smith
- Department of Physiology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland 7602, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
| | - Leon M T Dicks
- Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland 7602, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa.
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The maintenance of the list of QPS microorganisms intentionally added to food or feed - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Biological Hazards. EFSA J 2008. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2008.923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Bortolotti M, Mattioli S, Baldi F, Biasco G, Bassi F, Bragaglia RB, Cunsolo A, Di Febo G, Sansone G, Sanavio G. [Diagnosis of chronic reflux esophagitis. Role of endoscopic and histological examination]. Minerva Med 1979; 70:465-71. [PMID: 372853 PMCID: PMC10365585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fibroendoscopic and histobioptic study of the distal oesophageal mucosa has been carried out in a series of patients suffering from gastro-oesophageal regurgitation. The regurgitation condition was verified and its extent established by means of anamnestic, spot-fluorographic and manometric-pHmetric investigations. On the basis of the analysis of relations between the extent of the oesophagitis assessed on the basis of endoscopy and that arising out of microscopic examination of the biopsy, it is concluded that there is no complete correspondence between the two techniques insofar as endoscopy can give false positive or false negative results. On the basis of these results and of those of functional investigations, histology is considered desirable even when the oesophageal mucosa is normal, if there are clinical and/or laboratory signs of gastro-oesophageal regurgitation.
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