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Nowrouzi B, Torres-Montero P, Kerkhoven EJ, Martínez JL, Rios-Solis L. Rewiring Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism for optimised Taxol® precursors production. Metab Eng Commun 2024; 18:e00229. [PMID: 38098801 PMCID: PMC10716015 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2023.e00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been conveniently used to produce Taxol® anticancer drug early precursors. However, the harmful impact of oxidative stress by the first cytochrome P450-reductase enzymes (CYP725A4-POR) of Taxol® pathway has hampered sufficient progress in yeast. Here, we evolved an oxidative stress-resistant yeast strain with three-fold higher titre of their substrate, taxadiene. The performance of the evolved and parent strains were then evaluated in galactose-limited chemostats before and under the oxidative stress by an oxidising agent. The interaction of evolution and oxidative stress was comprehensively evaluated through transcriptomics and metabolite profiles integration in yeast enzyme-constrained genome scale model. Overall, the evolved strain showed improved respiration, reduced overflow metabolites production and oxidative stress re-induction tolerance. The cross-protection mechanism also potentially contributed to better heme, flavin and NADPH availability, essential for CYP725A4 and POR optimal activity in yeast. The results imply that the evolved strain is a robust cell factory for future efforts towards Taxol© production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Nowrouzi
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, United Kingdom
- Centre for Engineering Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BD, United Kingdom
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 223, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Pablo Torres-Montero
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 223, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Eduard J. Kerkhoven
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- SciLifeLab, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - José L. Martínez
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 223, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Leonardo Rios-Solis
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, United Kingdom
- Centre for Engineering Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BD, United Kingdom
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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Sęk W, Kot AM, Rapoport A, Kieliszek M. Physiological and genetic regulation of anhydrobiosis in yeast cells. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:348. [PMID: 37782422 PMCID: PMC10545650 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Anhydrobiosis is a state of living organisms during which their metabolism is reversibly delayed or suspended due to a high degree of dehydration. Yeast cells, which are widely used in the food industry, may be induced into this state. The degree of viability of yeast cells undergoing the drying process also depends on rehydration. In an attempt to explain the essence of the state of anhydrobiosis and clarify the mechanisms responsible for its course, scientists have described various cellular compounds and structures that are responsible for it. The structures discussed in this work include the cell wall and plasma membrane, vacuoles, mitochondria, and lysosomes, among others, while the most important compounds include trehalose, glycogen, glutathione, and lipid droplets. Various proteins (Stf2p; Sip18p; Hsp12p and Hsp70p) and genes (STF2; Nsip18; TRX2; TPS1 and TPS2) are also responsible for the process of anhydrobiosis. Each factor has a specific function and is irreplaceable, detailed information is presented in this overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Sęk
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna M Kot
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Alexander Rapoport
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Str., 1, Riga, 1004, Latvia
| | - Marek Kieliszek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
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Modulation of transcription factor dynamics allows versatile information transmission. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2652. [PMID: 36788258 PMCID: PMC9929046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells detect changes in their environment and generate responses, often involving changes in gene expression. In this paper we use information theory and a simple transcription model to analyze whether the resulting gene expression serves to identify extracellular stimuli and assess their intensity when they are encoded in the amplitude, duration or frequency of pulses of a transcription factor's nuclear concentration (or activation state). We find, for all cases, that about three ranges of input strengths can be distinguished and that maximum information transmission occurs for fast and high activation threshold promoters. The three input modulation modes differ in the sensitivity to changes in the promoters parameters. Frequency modulation is the most sensitive and duration modulation, the least. This is key for signal identification: there are promoter parameters that yield a relatively high information transmission for duration or amplitude modulation and a much smaller value for frequency modulation. The reverse situation cannot be found with a single promoter transcription model. Thus, pulses of transcription factors can selectively activate the "frequency-tuned" promoter while prolonged nuclear accumulation would activate promoters of all three modes simultaneously. Frequency modulation is therefore highly selective and better suited than the other encoding modes for signal identification without requiring other mediators of the transduction process.
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Kim IS, Choi W, Son J, Lee JH, Lee H, Lee J, Shin SC, Kim HW. Screening and Genetic Network Analysis of Genes Involved in Freezing and Thawing Resistance in DaMDHAR-Expressing Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using Gene Expression Profiling. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020219. [PMID: 33546197 PMCID: PMC7913288 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The cryoprotection of cell activity is a key determinant in frozen-dough technology. Although several factors that contribute to freezing tolerance have been reported, the mechanism underlying the manner in which yeast cells respond to freezing and thawing (FT) stress is not well established. Therefore, the present study demonstrated the relationship between DaMDHAR encoding monodehydroascorbate reductase from Antarctic hairgrass Deschampsia antarctica and stress tolerance to repeated FT cycles (FT2) in transgenic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DaMDHAR-expressing yeast (DM) cells identified by immunoblotting analysis showed high tolerance to FT stress conditions, thereby causing lower damage for yeast cells than wild-type (WT) cells with empty vector alone. To detect FT2 tolerance-associated genes, 3′-quant RNA sequencing was employed using mRNA isolated from DM and WT cells exposed to FT (FT2) conditions. Approximately 332 genes showed ≥2-fold changes in DM cells and were classified into various groups according to their gene expression. The expressions of the changed genes were further confirmed using western blot analysis and biochemical assay. The upregulated expression of 197 genes was associated with pentose phosphate pathway, NADP metabolic process, metal ion homeostasis, sulfate assimilation, β-alanine metabolism, glycerol synthesis, and integral component of mitochondrial and plasma membrane (PM) in DM cells under FT2 stress, whereas the expression of the remaining 135 genes was partially related to protein processing, selenocompound metabolism, cell cycle arrest, oxidative phosphorylation, and α-glucoside transport under the same condition. With regard to transcription factors in DM cells, MSN4 and CIN5 were activated, but MSN2 and MGA1 were not. Regarding antioxidant systems and protein kinases in DM cells under FT stress, CTT1, GTO, GEX1, and YOL024W were upregulated, whereas AIF1, COX2, and TRX3 were not. Gene activation represented by transcription factors and enzymatic antioxidants appears to be associated with FT2-stress tolerance in transgenic yeast cells. RCK1, MET14, and SIP18, but not YPK2, have been known to be involved in the protein kinase-mediated signalling pathway and glycogen synthesis. Moreover, SPI18 and HSP12 encoding hydrophilin in the PM were detected. Therefore, it was concluded that the genetic network via the change of gene expression levels of multiple genes contributing to the stabilization and functionality of the mitochondria and PM, not of a single gene, might be the crucial determinant for FT tolerance in DaMDAHR-expressing transgenic yeast. These findings provide a foundation for elucidating the DaMDHAR-dependent molecular mechanism of the complex functional resistance in the cellular response to FT stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Sup Kim
- Advanced Bio-Resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Woong Choi
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
| | - Jun Hyuck Lee
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
- Department of Polar Science, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea
| | - Hyoungseok Lee
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
- Department of Polar Science, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea
| | - Jungeun Lee
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
- Department of Polar Science, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea
| | - Seung Chul Shin
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
| | - Han-Woo Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
- Department of Polar Science, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Barcarolo MV, Gottig N, Ottado J, Garavaglia BS. Participation of two general stress response proteins from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri in environmental stress adaptation and virulence. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:5868764. [PMID: 32639549 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is the bacteria responsible for citrus canker. During its life cycle Xcc is found on leaves as epiphyte, where desiccation conditions may occur. In this work, two Xcc genes, XAC0100 and XAC4007, predicted in silico to be involved in general stress response, were studied under salt, osmotic, desiccation, oxidative and freezing stress, and during plant-pathogen interaction. Expression of XAC0100 and XAC4007 genes was induced under these stress conditions. Disruption of both genes in Xcc caused decreased bacterial culturability under desiccation, freezing, osmotic and oxidative stress. Importantly, the lack of these genes impaired Xcc epiphytic fitness. Both Xac0100 and Xac4007 recombinant proteins showed protective effects on Xanthomonas cells subjected to drought stress. Also, Escherichia coli overexpressing Xac4007 showed a better performance under standard culture, saline and osmotic stress and were more tolerant to freezing and oxidative stress than wild type E. coli. Moreover, both Xac0100 and Xac4007 recombinant proteins were able to prevent the freeze-thaw-induced inactivation of L-Lactate dehydrogenase. In conclusion, Xac0100 and Xac4007 have a relevant role as bacteria and protein protectors; and these proteins are crucial to bacterial pathogens that must face environmental stressful conditions that compromise the accomplishment of the complete virulence process.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Victoria Barcarolo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Natalia Gottig
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina Ottado
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Betiana S Garavaglia
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
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6
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Roca-Domènech G, Poblet M, Rozès N, Cordero-Otero R. Magnesium enhances dehydration tolerance in Schizosaccharomyces pombe by promoting intracellular 5'-methylthioadenosine accumulation. Yeast 2020; 36:449-461. [PMID: 30861598 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Roca-Domènech
- University Rovira i Virgili, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Montse Poblet
- University Rovira i Virgili, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Nicolas Rozès
- University Rovira i Virgili, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Cordero-Otero
- University Rovira i Virgili, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Tarragona, Spain
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7
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N'Guyen GQ, Raulo R, Marchi M, Agustí-Brisach C, Iacomi B, Pelletier S, Renou JP, Bataillé-Simoneau N, Campion C, Bastide F, Hamon B, Mouchès C, Porcheron B, Lemoine R, Kwasiborski A, Simoneau P, Guillemette T. Responses to Hydric Stress in the Seed-Borne Necrotrophic Fungus Alternaria brassicicola. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1969. [PMID: 31543870 PMCID: PMC6730492 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternaria brassicicola is a necrotrophic fungus causing black spot disease and is an economically important seed-borne pathogen of cultivated brassicas. Seed transmission is a crucial component of its parasitic cycle as it promotes long-term survival and dispersal. Recent studies, conducted with the Arabidopsis thaliana/A. brassicicola pathosystem, showed that the level of susceptibility of the fungus to water stress strongly influenced its seed transmission ability. In this study, we gained further insights into the mechanisms involved in the seed infection process by analyzing the transcriptomic and metabolomic responses of germinated spores of A. brassicicola exposed to water stress. Then, the repertoire of putative hydrophilins, a group of proteins that are assumed to be involved in cellular dehydration tolerance, was established in A. brassicicola based on the expression data and additional structural and biochemical criteria. Phenotyping of single deletion mutants deficient for fungal hydrophilin-like proteins showed that they were affected in their transmission to A. thaliana seeds, although their aggressiveness on host vegetative tissues remained intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Quang N'Guyen
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Roxane Raulo
- Université de Lille, INRA, ISA, Université d'Artois, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394 - ICV - Institut Charles Viollette, Lille, France
| | - Muriel Marchi
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | | | - Beatrice Iacomi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sandra Pelletier
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Renou
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Nelly Bataillé-Simoneau
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Claire Campion
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Franck Bastide
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Bruno Hamon
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Chloé Mouchès
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Benoit Porcheron
- Equipe "Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement," UMR CNRS 7267 EBI Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Remi Lemoine
- Equipe "Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement," UMR CNRS 7267 EBI Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Anthony Kwasiborski
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Philippe Simoneau
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Thomas Guillemette
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences - UMR 1345, INRA, Université d'Angers, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
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Filamentation Regulatory Pathways Control Adhesion-Dependent Surface Responses in Yeast. Genetics 2019; 212:667-690. [PMID: 31053593 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling pathways can regulate biological responses by the transcriptional regulation of target genes. In yeast, multiple signaling pathways control filamentous growth, a morphogenetic response that occurs in many species including fungal pathogens. Here, we examine the role of signaling pathways that control filamentous growth in regulating adhesion-dependent surface responses, including mat formation and colony patterning. Expression profiling and mutant phenotype analysis showed that the major pathways that regulate filamentous growth [filamentous growth MAPK (fMAPK), RAS, retrograde (RTG), RIM101, RPD3, ELP, SNF1, and PHO85] also regulated mat formation and colony patterning. The chromatin remodeling complex, SAGA, also regulated these responses. We also show that the RAS and RTG pathways coregulated a common set of target genes, and that SAGA regulated target genes known to be controlled by the fMAPK, RAS, and RTG pathways. Analysis of surface growth-specific targets identified genes that respond to low oxygen, high temperature, and desiccation stresses. We also explore the question of why cells make adhesive contacts in colonies. Cell adhesion contacts mediated by the coregulated target and adhesion molecule, Flo11p, deterred entry into colonies by macroscopic predators and impacted colony temperature regulation. The identification of new regulators (e.g., SAGA), and targets of surface growth in yeast may provide insights into fungal pathogenesis in settings where surface growth and adhesion contributes to virulence.
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Al Husnain L, AlKahtani M. Molecular heterogeneity in the 18s DNA gene of Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sp. producing mycotoxins in rice and maize grains. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:368-372. [PMID: 31485179 PMCID: PMC6717128 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food contaminated with fungi and their toxins is a problem that threatens many developing countries. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia depends on the exported grain and legume seeds. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study involved examination of 160 samples of rice and maize seeds collected from different locations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Heterogeneity in the 18s rRNA gene of toxigenic Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sp. was unraveled. The seeds were disinfected and cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), Yeast Extract Sucrose (YES) media and incubated at 25 °C/7 days. The isolated fungi were subjected to 18s rRNA gene sequencing. Five toxins were extracted from maize and rice grains infected with isolated fungi. RESULTS The isolated fungi were identified based on morphological and spores characters as Fusarium sp. and Alternaria sp. Molecular identification based on18s rDNA barcode' was performed due to its high degree of inter specific variability, conserved primer sites and multi-copy nature in the genome. Fusarium sp. produced the highest detected (2070 μg/kg) fumonisin especially in cereal production season 2011. The collected grain from Dammam recorded the highest percentage (5485.2 g/kg) of toxins. CONCLUSION This work highlights that 50% of samples were found contaminated with toxins in various concentrations which impose a threat for public health and necessitate rapid identification methods for toxigenic fungi such as 18s rDNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Al Husnain
- Princess Nuorah Bint Abdul Rahman University, P.O. Box 376382, Riyadh 11335, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneera AlKahtani
- Princess Nuorah Bint Abdul Rahman University, P.O. Box 102275, Riyadh 11675, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Rapoport A, Golovina EA, Gervais P, Dupont S, Beney L. Anhydrobiosis: Inside yeast cells. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:51-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Mechanisms of Yeast Adaptation to Wine Fermentations. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 58:37-59. [PMID: 30911888 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-13035-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cells face genetic and/or environmental changes in order to outlast and proliferate. Characterization of changes after stress at different "omics" levels is crucial to understand the adaptation of yeast to changing conditions. Wine fermentation is a stressful situation which yeast cells have to cope with. Genome-wide analyses extend our cellular physiology knowledge by pointing out the mechanisms that contribute to sense the stress caused by these perturbations (temperature, ethanol, sulfites, nitrogen, etc.) and related signaling pathways. The model organism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was studied in response to industrial stresses and changes at different cellular levels (transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomics), which were followed statically and/or dynamically in the short and long terms. This chapter focuses on the response of yeast cells to the diverse stress situations that occur during wine fermentations, which induce perturbations, including nutritional changes, ethanol stress, temperature stress, oxidative stress, etc.
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12
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Roca Domènech G, López Martínez G, Barrera E, Poblet M, Rozès N, Cordero-Otero R. Enhancing the tolerance of the Starmerella bacillaris wine strain to dehydration stress. ANN MICROBIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-018-1373-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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13
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Hansen AS, O'Shea EK. cis Determinants of Promoter Threshold and Activation Timescale. Cell Rep 2015; 12:1226-33. [PMID: 26279577 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the relationship between DNA cis-regulatory sequences and gene expression has been extensively studied at steady state, how cis-regulatory sequences affect the dynamics of gene induction is not known. The dynamics of gene induction can be described by the promoter activation timescale (AcTime) and amplitude threshold (AmpThr). Combining high-throughput microfluidics with quantitative time-lapse microscopy, we control the activation dynamics of the budding yeast transcription factor, Msn2, and reveal how cis-regulatory motifs in 20 promoter variants of the Msn2-target-gene SIP18 affect AcTime and AmpThr. By modulating Msn2 binding sites, we can decouple AmpThr from AcTime and switch the SIP18 promoter class from high AmpThr and slow AcTime to low AmpThr and either fast or slow AcTime. We present a model that quantitatively explains gene-induction dynamics on the basis of the Msn2-binding-site number, TATA box location, and promoter nucleosome organization. Overall, we elucidate the cis-regulatory logic underlying promoter decoding of TF dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders S Hansen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Northwest Laboratory, 52 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Faculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Northwest Laboratory, 52 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Erin K O'Shea
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Northwest Laboratory, 52 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Faculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Northwest Laboratory, 52 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Northwest Laboratory, 52 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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14
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Hansen AS, O'Shea EK. Limits on information transduction through amplitude and frequency regulation of transcription factor activity. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 25985085 PMCID: PMC4468373 DOI: 10.7554/elife.06559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling pathways often transmit multiple signals through a single shared transcription factor (TF) and encode signal information by differentially regulating TF dynamics. However, signal information will be lost unless it can be reliably decoded by downstream genes. To understand the limits on dynamic information transduction, we apply information theory to quantify how much gene expression information the yeast TF Msn2 can transduce to target genes in the amplitude or frequency of its activation dynamics. We find that although the amount of information transmitted by Msn2 to single target genes is limited, information transduction can be increased by modulating promoter cis-elements or by integrating information from multiple genes. By correcting for extrinsic noise, we estimate an upper bound on information transduction. Overall, we find that information transduction through amplitude and frequency regulation of Msn2 is limited to error-free transduction of signal identity, but not signal intensity information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders S Hansen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Erin K O'Shea
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
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15
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Novel mechanism for scavenging of hypochlorite involving a periplasmic methionine-rich Peptide and methionine sulfoxide reductase. mBio 2015; 6:e00233-15. [PMID: 25968643 PMCID: PMC4436054 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00233-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Reactive chlorine species (RCS) defense mechanisms are important for bacterial fitness in diverse environments. In addition to the anthropogenic use of RCS in the form of bleach, these compounds are also produced naturally through photochemical reactions of natural organic matter and in vivo by the mammalian immune system in response to invading microorganisms. To gain insight into bacterial RCS defense mechanisms, we investigated Azospira suillum strain PS, which produces periplasmic RCS as an intermediate of perchlorate respiration. Our studies identified an RCS response involving an RCS stress-sensing sigma/anti-sigma factor system (SigF/NrsF), a soluble hypochlorite-scavenging methionine-rich periplasmic protein (MrpX), and a putative periplasmic methionine sulfoxide reductase (YedY1). We investigated the underlying mechanism by phenotypic characterization of appropriate gene deletions, chemogenomic profiling of barcoded transposon pools, transcriptome sequencing, and biochemical assessment of methionine oxidation. Our results demonstrated that SigF was specifically activated by RCS and initiated the transcription of a small regulon centering around yedY1 and mrpX. A yedY1 paralog (yedY2) was found to have a similar fitness to yedY1 despite not being regulated by SigF. Markerless deletions of yedY2 confirmed its synergy with the SigF regulon. MrpX was strongly induced and rapidly oxidized by RCS, especially hypochlorite. Our results suggest a mechanism involving hypochlorite scavenging by sacrificial oxidation of the MrpX in the periplasm. Reduced MrpX is regenerated by the YedY methionine sulfoxide reductase activity. The phylogenomic distribution of this system revealed conservation in several Proteobacteria of clinical importance, including uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Brucella spp., implying a putative role in immune response evasion in vivo. IMPORTANCE Bacteria are often stressed in the environment by reactive chlorine species (RCS) of either anthropogenic or natural origin, but little is known of the defense mechanisms they have evolved. Using a microorganism that generates RCS internally as part of its respiratory process allowed us to uncover a novel defense mechanism based on RCS scavenging by reductive reaction with a sacrificial methionine-rich peptide and redox recycling through a methionine sulfoxide reductase. This system is conserved in a broad diversity of organisms, including some of clinical importance, invoking a possible important role in innate immune system evasion.
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16
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López-Martínez G, Margalef-Català M, Salinas F, Liti G, Cordero-Otero R. ATG18 and FAB1 are involved in dehydration stress tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119606. [PMID: 25803831 PMCID: PMC4372426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, different dehydration-based technologies have been evaluated for the purpose of cell and tissue preservation. Although some early results have been promising, they have not satisfied the requirements for large-scale applications. The long experience of using quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has proven to be a good model organism for studying the link between complex phenotypes and DNA variations. Here, we use QTL analysis as a tool for identifying the specific yeast traits involved in dehydration stress tolerance. Three hybrids obtained from stable haploids and sequenced in the Saccharomyces Genome Resequencing Project showed intermediate dehydration tolerance in most cases. The dehydration resistance trait of 96 segregants from each hybrid was quantified. A smooth, continuous distribution of the anhydrobiosis tolerance trait was found, suggesting that this trait is determined by multiple QTLs. Therefore, we carried out a QTL analysis to identify the determinants of this dehydration tolerance trait at the genomic level. Among the genes identified after reciprocal hemizygosity assays, RSM22, ATG18 and DBR1 had not been referenced in previous studies. We report new phenotypes for these genes using a previously validated test. Finally, our data illustrates the power of this approach in the investigation of the complex cell dehydration phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema López-Martínez
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mar Margalef-Català
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisco Salinas
- Institute of Research on Cancer and Ageing of Nice, University Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Gianni Liti
- Institute of Research on Cancer and Ageing of Nice, University Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Ricardo Cordero-Otero
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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17
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Jaspard E, Hunault G. Comparison of amino acids physico-chemical properties and usage of late embryogenesis abundant proteins, hydrophilins and WHy domain. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109570. [PMID: 25296175 PMCID: PMC4190154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Late Embryogenesis Abundant proteins (LEAPs) comprise several diverse protein families and are mostly involved in stress tolerance. Most of LEAPs are intrinsically disordered and thus poorly functionally characterized. LEAPs have been classified and a large number of their physico-chemical properties have been statistically analyzed. LEAPs were previously proposed to be a subset of a very wide family of proteins called hydrophilins, while a domain called WHy (Water stress and Hypersensitive response) was found in LEAP class 8 (according to our previous classification). Since little is known about hydrophilins and WHy domain, the cross-analysis of their amino acids physico-chemical properties and amino acids usage together with those of LEAPs helps to describe some of their structural features and to make hypothesis about their function. Physico-chemical properties of hydrophilins and WHy domain strongly suggest their role in dehydration tolerance, probably by interacting with water and small polar molecules. The computational analysis reveals that LEAP class 8 and hydrophilins are distinct protein families and that not all LEAPs are a protein subset of hydrophilins family as proposed earlier. Hydrophilins seem related to LEAP class 2 (also called dehydrins) and to Heat Shock Proteins 12 (HSP12). Hydrophilins are likely unstructured proteins while WHy domain is structured. LEAP class 2, hydrophilins and WHy domain are thus proposed to share a common physiological role by interacting with water or other polar/charged small molecules, hence contributing to dehydration tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Jaspard
- Université d'Angers, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
- INRA, UMR 1345 IRHS, Beaucouzé, France
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
| | - Gilles Hunault
- Université d'Angers, Laboratoire d'Hémodynamique, Interaction Fibrose et Invasivité tumorale hépatique, UPRES 3859, IFR 132, F-49045 Angers, France
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18
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Dupont S, Rapoport A, Gervais P, Beney L. Survival kit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for anhydrobiosis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:8821-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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Improvement of oxidative stress tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through global transcription machinery engineering. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 41:869-78. [PMID: 24633583 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1421-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress poses significant damage to yeast cells during fermentation process, and finally affects fermentation efficiency and the quality of products. In this paper, global transcription machinery engineering was employed to elicit Saccharomyces cerevisiae phenotypes of higher tolerance against oxidative stress caused by H2O2. Two strains from two plasmid-based mutagenesis libraries (Spt15 and Taf25), which exhibited significant increases in oxidative stress tolerance, were successfully isolated. At moderate H2O2 shock (≤3.5 mM), a positive correlation was found between the outperformance in cell growth of the oxidation-tolerate strains and H2O2 concentration. Several mutations were observed in the native transcription factors, which resulted in a different transcriptional profile compared with the control. Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities of the two mutants increased under H2O2 stress conditions. Fermentation experiments revealed that the mutant strain taf25-3 has a shorter lag phase compared to the control one, indicating that taf25-3 had improved adaptation ability to H2O2-induced oxidative stress and higher fermentation efficiency. Our study demonstrated that several amino acid substitutions in general transcription factors (Spt15 and Taf25) could modify the cellular oxidation defense systems and improve the anti-oxidation ability of S. cerevisiae. It could make the industrial ethanol fermentation more efficient and cost-effective by using the strain of higher stress tolerance.
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20
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Sasaki K, Christov NK, Tsuda S, Imai R. Identification of a novel LEA protein involved in freezing tolerance in wheat. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 55:136-47. [PMID: 24265272 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pct164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are a family of hyper-hydrophilic proteins that accumulate in response to cellular dehydration. Originally identified as plant proteins associated with seed desiccation tolerance, LEA proteins have been identified in a wide range of organisms such as invertebrates and microorganisms. LEA proteins are thought to protect proteins and biomembranes under water-deficit conditions. Here, we characterized WCI16, a wheat (Triticum aestivum) protein that belongs to a class of plant proteins of unknown function, and provide evidence that WCI16 shares common features with LEA proteins. WCI16 was induced during cold acclimation in winter wheat. Based on its amino acid sequence, WCI16 is highly hydrophilic, like LEA proteins, despite having no significant sequence similarity to any of the known classes of LEA proteins. Recombinant WCI16 protein was soluble after boiling, and (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy revealed that the structure of WCI16 is random and has no hydrophobic regions. WCI16 exhibited in vitro cryoprotection of the freeze-labile enzyme l-lactate dehydrogenase as well as double-stranded DNA binding activity, suggesting that WCI16 may protect both proteins and DNA during environmental stresses. The biological relevance of these activities was supported by the subcellular localization of a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fused WCI16 protein in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Heterologous expression of WCI16 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants conferred enhanced freezing tolerance. Taken together, our results indicate that WCI16 represents a novel class of LEA proteins and is involved in freezing tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Sasaki
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Hitsujigaoka 1, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, 062-8555 Japan
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21
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Borovikova D, Herynkova P, Rapoport A, Sychrova H. Potassium uptake system Trk2 is crucial for yeast cell viability during anhydrobiosis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2013; 350:28-33. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Borovikova
- Laboratory of Cell Biology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; University of Latvia; Riga Latvia
| | - Pavla Herynkova
- Department of Membrane Transport; Institute of Physiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Rapoport
- Laboratory of Cell Biology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; University of Latvia; Riga Latvia
| | - Hana Sychrova
- Department of Membrane Transport; Institute of Physiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Prague Czech Republic
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22
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Hansen AS, O'Shea EK. Promoter decoding of transcription factor dynamics involves a trade-off between noise and control of gene expression. Mol Syst Biol 2013; 9:704. [PMID: 24189399 DOI: 10.1038/msb.2013.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous transcription factors (TFs) encode information about upstream signals in the dynamics of their activation, but how downstream genes decode these dynamics remains poorly understood. Using microfluidics to control the nucleocytoplasmic translocation dynamics of the budding yeast TF Msn2, we elucidate the principles that govern how different promoters convert dynamical Msn2 input into gene expression output in single cells. Combining modeling and experiments, we classify promoters according to their signal-processing behavior and reveal that multiple, distinct gene expression programs can be encoded in the dynamics of Msn2. We show that both oscillatory TF dynamics and slow promoter kinetics lead to higher noise in gene expression. Furthermore, we show that the promoter activation timescale is related to nucleosome remodeling. Our findings imply a fundamental trade-off: although the cell can exploit different promoter classes to differentially control gene expression using TF dynamics, gene expression noise fundamentally limits how much information can be encoded in the dynamics of a single TF and reliably decoded by promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders S Hansen
- 1] Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA [3] Faculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, Northwest Laboratory, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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23
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López-Martínez G, Pietrafesa R, Romano P, Cordero-Otero R, Capece A. Genetic improvement ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaewine strains for enhancing cell viability after desiccation stress. Yeast 2013; 30:319-30. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.2952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gema López-Martínez
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology; University Rovira i Virgili; Tarragona; Spain
| | - Rocchina Pietrafesa
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences; University of Basilicata; Potenza; Italy
| | - Patrizia Romano
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences; University of Basilicata; Potenza; Italy
| | - Ricardo Cordero-Otero
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology; University Rovira i Virgili; Tarragona; Spain
| | - Angela Capece
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences; University of Basilicata; Potenza; Italy
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24
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Wang H, Hu T, Huang J, Lu X, Huang B, Zheng Y. The expression of Millettia pinnata chalcone isomerase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae salt-sensitive mutants enhances salt-tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:8775-86. [PMID: 23615469 PMCID: PMC3676755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14058775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrates a new Millettia pinnata chalcone isomerase (MpCHI) whose transcription level in leaf was confirmed to be enhanced after being treated by seawater or NaCl (500 mM) via transcriptome sequencing and Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (QRT-PCR) analyses. Its full length cDNA (666 bp) was obtained by 3'-end and 5'-end Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE). The analysis via NCBI BLAST indicates that both aminoacid sequence and nucleotide sequence of the MpCHI clone share high homology with other leguminous CHIs (73%-86%). Evolutionarily, the phylogenic analysis further revealed that the MpCHI is a close relative of leguminous CHIs. The MpCHI protein consists of 221 aminoacid (23.64 KDa), whose peptide length, amino acid residues of substrate-binding site and reactive site are very similar to other leguminous CHIs reported previously. Two pYES2-MpCHI transformed salt-sensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants (Δnha1 and Δnhx1) showed improved salt-tolerance significantly compared to pYES2-vector transformed yeast mutants, suggesting the MpCHI or the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway could regulate the resistance to salt stress in M. pinnata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China; E-Mails: (H.W.); (T.H.); (J.H.); (X.L.)
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, Jilin, China
| | - Tangjin Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China; E-Mails: (H.W.); (T.H.); (J.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Jianzi Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China; E-Mails: (H.W.); (T.H.); (J.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiang Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China; E-Mails: (H.W.); (T.H.); (J.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Baiqu Huang
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, Jilin, China
| | - Yizhi Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China; E-Mails: (H.W.); (T.H.); (J.H.); (X.L.)
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25
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Survival Strategies of Halophilic Oligotrophic and Desiccation Resistant Prokaryotes. CELLULAR ORIGIN, LIFE IN EXTREME HABITATS AND ASTROBIOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-6488-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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26
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Julca I, Alaminos M, González-López J, Manzanera M. Xeroprotectants for the stabilization of biomaterials. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:1641-54. [PMID: 22814234 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the advancement of science and technology, it is crucial to have effective preservation methods for the stable long-term storage of biological material (biomaterials). As an alternative to cryopreservation, various techniques have been developed, which are based on the survival mechanism of anhydrobiotic organisms. In this sense, it has been found that the synthesis of xeroprotectants can effectively stabilize biomaterials in a dry state. The most widely studied xeroprotectant is trehalose, which has excellent properties for the stabilization of certain proteins, bacteria, and biological membranes. There have also been attempts to apply trehalose to the stabilization of eukaryotic cells but without conclusive results. Consequently, a xeroprotectant or method that is useful for the stable drying of a particular biomaterial might not necessarily be suitable for another one. This article provides an overview of recent advances in the use of new techniques to stabilize biomaterials and compare xeroprotectants with other more standard methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Julca
- Institute for Water Research, and Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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