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Sulik M, Antoszczak M, Huczyński A, Steverding D. Antiparasitic activity of ivermectin: Four decades of research into a "wonder drug". Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115838. [PMID: 37793327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic diseases still pose a serious threat to human and animal health, particularly for millions of people and their livelihoods in low-income countries. Therefore, research into the development of effective antiparasitic drugs remains a priority. Ivermectin, a sixteen-membered macrocyclic lactone, exhibits a broad spectrum of antiparasitic activities, which, combined with its low toxicity, has allowed the drug to be widely used in the treatment of parasitic diseases affecting humans and animals. In addition to its licensed use against river blindness and strongyloidiasis in humans, and against roundworm and arthropod infestations in animals, ivermectin is also used "off-label" to treat many other worm-related parasitic diseases, particularly in domestic animals. In addition, several experimental studies indicate that ivermectin displays also potent activity against viruses, bacteria, protozoans, trematodes, and insects. This review article summarizes the last 40 years of research on the antiparasitic effects of ivermectin, and the use of the drug in the treatment of parasitic diseases in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Sulik
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Dietmar Steverding
- Bob Champion Research & Education Building, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Comparison of the efficacy of tea tree ( Melaleuca alternifolia) oil with other current pharmacological management in human demodicosis: A Systematic Review. Parasitology 2020; 147:1587-1613. [PMID: 32772960 DOI: 10.1017/s003118202000150x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Various treatments are found to be moderately effective in managing Demodex-related diseases except tea tree oil (TTO) and terpinen-4-ol (T4O), which showed superior miticidal and anti-inflammatory effects in numerous clinical studies. Their possible effects include lowering mite counts, relieving Demodex-related symptoms, and modulating the immune system. This review summarizes the current clinical topical and oral treatments in human demodicosis, their possible mechanisms of action, side-effects and resistance in treating this condition. TTO (especially T4O) is found to be the most effective followed by metronidazole, ivermectin and permethrin in managing the disease. This is because TTO has anti-parasitic, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects. Furthermore, nanoTTO can even release its contents into fungus and Pseudomonas biofilms. Combinations of different treatments are occasionally needed for refractory cases, especially for individuals with underlying genetic predisposal or are immuno-compromised. Although the current treatments show efficacy in controlling the Demodex mite population and the related symptoms, further research needs to be focused on the efficacy and drug delivery technology in order to develop alternative treatments with better side-effects profiles, less toxicity, lower risk of resistance and are more cost-effective.
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Chen C, Timerman D, Finnin CY, Gallitano SM. Sparing of the scalp in severe Demodex folliculitis after stem cell transplantation. JAAD Case Rep 2018; 4:1055-1058. [PMID: 30510997 PMCID: PMC6250895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Chen
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Dmitriy Timerman
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Christine Y Finnin
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
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Abstract
Persistent centrofacial erythema is a predominant component of rosacea. The authors review the topical and systemic treatments for rosacea-related erythema and flushing to aid in treatment decision making in clinical practice. Databases were searched for literature pertaining to treatment options for erythema related to rosacea. The paucity of large-scale clinical trials in patients with the erythematotelangiectatic rosacea subtype makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions regarding treatment. Although certain topical and oral treatments appear to have modest benefit in reducing erythema, there is a need for high-quality, well-designed, and rigorously reported studies for the treatments for rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Cline
- Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Sean P McGregor
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1071, USA.
| | - Steven R Feldman
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1071, USA; Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Hernández-Martín Á. Oral Ivermectin to Treat Papulopustular Rosacea in a immunocompetent patient. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2017; 108:685-686. [PMID: 28318523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Á Hernández-Martín
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Beata María Ana de Jesús, Madrid, España; Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Infantil del Niño Jesús, Madrid, Madrid, España.
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Hernández-Martín Á. Oral Ivermectin to Treat Papulopustular Rosacea in an Immunocompetent Patient. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Anzengruber F, Czernielewski J, Conrad C, Feldmeyer L, Yawalkar N, Häusermann P, Cozzio A, Mainetti C, Goldblum D, Läuchli S, Imhof L, Brand C, Laffitte E, Navarini AA. Swiss S1 guideline for the treatment of rosacea. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 31:1775-1791. [PMID: 28833645 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Rosacea (in German sometimes called 'Kupferfinne', in French 'Couperose' and in Italian 'Copparosa') is a chronic and frequently relapsing inflammatory skin disease primarily affecting the central areas of the face. Its geographic prevalence varies from 1% to 22%. The differential diagnosis is wide, and the treatment is sometimes difficult and varies by stage of rosacea. For erythematous lesions and telangiectasia, intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy and lasers are popular treatment option. In addition, a vasoconstrictor agent, brimonidine, has recently been developed. For papulopustular rosacea, topical antibiotics, topical and systemic retinoids, as well as systemic antibiotics are used. A topical acaricidal agent, ivermectin, has undergone clinical development and is now on the market. In the later stages, hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands develops, resulting in phymatous growths such as the frequently observed bulbous nose or rhinophyma. Ablative laser treatments have largely replaced classical abrasive tools. Here, we reviewed the current evidence on the treatment of rosacea, provide a guideline (S1 level) and discuss the differential diagnosis of rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Anzengruber
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Czernielewski
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Conrad
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Feldmeyer
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - N Yawalkar
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Häusermann
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Cozzio
- Department of Dermatology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - C Mainetti
- Department of Dermatology, Ospedale Regionale di Bellinzona e Valli, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - D Goldblum
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Läuchli
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - L Imhof
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Brand
- Department of Dermatology, Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - E Laffitte
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A A Navarini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
Rosacea represents a common and chronic inflammatory skin disorder. Clinical features include transient and permanent erythema, inflammatory papules and pustules, phymatous changes, and ocular signs and symptoms. Rosacea is generally classified into four subtypes and one variant. Subtype 1, erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, includes clinical features of flushing and persistent central facial erythema with or without telangiectasia. Subtype 2, papulopustular rosacea, is characterized by persistent central facial erythema with transient papules or pustules or both on the central face. Subtype 3, phymatous rosacea, includes thickening of the skin with irregular surface nodularities and enlargement. Subtype 4, ocular rosacea, includes inflammation of different parts of the eye and eyelid. A variant, granulomatous rosacea, is noninflammatory and is characterized by hard, brown, yellow, or red cutaneous papules or nodules of uniform size. Patients may present with more than one subtype, and each individual characteristic may fluctuate. There is debate whether rosacea progresses from one subtype over time or subtypes represent discreet entities. Defining clinical presentation and improved understanding of pathophysiology has resulted in identification of novel treatment approaches. This contribution outlines a rationale for treatment, highlights an evidence-based approach with approved treatments, and considers novel developments and off-license therapy available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Layton
- Department of Dermatology, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate, United Kingdom.
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Select treatments for rosacea based on signs, symptoms and severity. DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40267-015-0187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Chen W, Plewig G. Human demodicosis: revisit and a proposed classification. Br J Dermatol 2014; 170:1219-25. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Technische Universität München; Biedersteiner Straße 29 Munich 80802 Germany
| | - G. Plewig
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Frauenlob Straße 9-11 Munich 80337 Germany
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Abstract
Rosacea is a common skin disorder with multiple symptoms. The emergence of research that furthers understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms has created new targets for disease treatment. Specifically, there is a need for new treatments that address the various erythematic symptoms associated with rosacea. Systemic and topical therapies have both yielded positive results in treating rosacea with various medications. Subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline is one such promising treatment. Development of novel products in the near future should help achieve more satisfactory outcomes for patients.
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Román-Curto C, Meseguer-Yebra C, Cañueto J, Fraile-Alonso C, Santos-Briz A, Vázquez L, Fernández-López E. Demodicidosis simulating acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in one patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Transpl Infect Dis 2012; 14:387-90. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2012.00729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Román-Curto
- Servicio de Dermatología; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca; Spain
| | - C. Meseguer-Yebra
- Sección de Dermatología; Hospital Virgen de la Concha; Zamora; Spain
| | - J. Cañueto
- Servicio de Dermatología; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca; Spain
| | - C. Fraile-Alonso
- Servicio de Dermatología; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca; Spain
| | - A. Santos-Briz
- Servicio Anatomía Patológica; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca; Spain
| | - L. Vázquez
- Servicio Hematología; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca; Spain
| | - E. Fernández-López
- Servicio de Dermatología; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca; Spain
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Abstract
A rosacea az egyik leggyakoribb, krónikus gyulladásos bőrbetegség. Centrofacialisan megjelenő erythema, teleangiectasiák, papulák és pustulák jellemzik. A klinikai kép alapján az új nemzetközi klasszifikáció 4 fő alcsoportot különít el: erythemás-teleangiectasiás, papulopustulosus, phymatosus és ocularis altípust. Az egyes formák kezelése is eltérő. A folyamat patomehanizmusa a mai napig nem tisztázott pontosan. Genetikai és környezeti tényezők mellett kóros érreakciónak, dermalis mátrixdegenerációnak, egyes mikroorganizmusoknak, mint
Demodex folliculorum
és
Helicobacter pylori
tulajdonítanak szerepet. A szerzők az összefoglaló közleményben áttekintik a rosacea új klasszifikációját, a főbb patogenetikai tényezők szerepét és a terápiás lehetőségeket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Preisz
- 1 Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Bőr-, Nemikórtani és Bőronkológiai Klinika Budapest Mária u. 41. 1085
| | - Sarolta Kárpáti
- 1 Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Bőr-, Nemikórtani és Bőronkológiai Klinika Budapest Mária u. 41. 1085
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Eismann R, Bramsiepe I, Danz B, Wohlrab J, Ch. Marsch W, Fiedler E. Abscessing nodular demodicosis â therapy with ivermectin and permethrin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010; 24:79-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03273.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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