1
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Garcia-Sanchez P, Romero-Trancón D, Sainz T, Calvo C, Iglesias I, Perez-Hernando B, Hurtado-Gallego J, Sánchez R, Alcolea S, Moya L, Mendez-Echevarria A. The role of veterinarians in zoonosis prevention: Advising families of immunocompromised children with pets. One Health 2024; 18:100662. [PMID: 38204817 PMCID: PMC10776649 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pet ownership is widespread, offering numerous benefits to individuals and families. However, the risk of zoonotic diseases must be carefully considered, especially for immunosuppressed patients. Knowledge gaps in preventive measures for zoonoses have been identified, underscoring the vital role of veterinarians in addressing this issue. Objectives This study aimed to assess the knowledge and recommendations of veterinarians regarding pet ownership by immunocompromised individuals. Additionally, we compared these insights with responses from European healthcare professionals specializing in pediatric transplant recipients. Methods We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study involving small animal veterinarians in Spain. An online survey was administered to gather information on veterinarians' knowledge of zoonoses and their recommendations for immunocompromised pet owners. Results A survey of 514 individuals was collected from experienced veterinarians mainly working in primary care clinics. Surprisingly, 63% of respondents did not routinely inquire about the presence of immunocompromised individuals among pet owners, although 54% offered specific recommendations for this group. Most respondents adhered to deworming guidelines for pets owned by immunocompromised individuals and demonstrated sound practices in Leishmania and Leptospira prevention, as well as the avoidance of raw food. However, gaps were noted concerning Bordetella bronchiseptica vaccination. Notably, veterinarians outperformed medical professionals in their knowledge of zoonotic cases and identification of zoonotic microorganisms. The presence of specific recommendations in veterinary clinics was viewed positively by nearly all respondents. Conclusions Our findings indicate that veterinarians possess a superior understanding of zoonotic pathogens and exhibit greater proficiency in diagnosing zoonoses compared with physicians. They stay well-informed about recommendations outlined in established guidelines and are more likely to provide written recommendations in their clinics than physicians. Nevertheless, knowledge gaps among veterinarians emphasize the need for enhanced communication between medical and veterinary professionals. Reinforcing the "One Health" concept is imperative, with veterinarians playing a pivotal role in this collaborative effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Garcia-Sanchez
- Pediatric Emergency Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Doctoral Program in Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Talía Sainz
- Pediatric Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital and La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in the Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Department, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Calvo
- Pediatric Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital and La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in the Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Department, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Iglesias
- Center for Animal Health Research (CISA), INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Perez-Hernando
- Center for Biomedical Research in the Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Carlos III Health Institute, Spain
| | - Jara Hurtado-Gallego
- La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in the Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Sánchez
- La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Doctoral Program in Microbiology, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Alcolea
- Pediatric Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital and La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in the Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Doctoral Program in Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Moya
- IDEXX Laboratorios, S.L. Laboratory Key Account Manager, Spain
| | - Ana Mendez-Echevarria
- Pediatric Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital and La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in the Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Department, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), Madrid, Spain
- ERN TransplantChild, Spain
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2
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Kilduff S, Steinman B, Xie Y, Kiss-Farengo T, Foca M, Hayde N. Pet safety guidelines for pediatric transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant 2024; 28:e14527. [PMID: 37550270 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 70% (90.5 million) of United States (US) households own at least one pet. Dogs are the most common, making up about 38% of all household pets, followed by cats, which make up 25%. Other pets such as fish, birds, reptiles, and small animals such as hamsters, gerbils, and rabbits are less common household members. Pets are often considered a part of the family and there are significant medical and psychosocial benefits to pet ownership; however, the possibility of disease transmission exists related to the type of animal and infectious organism, and specific human risk factors. Immunocompromised individuals may be at increased risk of serious illness from zoonotic infections. During the transplant evaluation and routinely posttransplant, the multidisciplinary team should inquire about pet ownership and animal exposures to guide on potential risks. This review discusses the most common diseases seen in various household pets including dogs, cats, birds, fish, and some farm animals. We will also present guidelines for pet safety and include strategies to decrease the risk of infection while supporting the benefits of pet ownership after transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Kilduff
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin Steinman
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Yuping Xie
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Tomas Kiss-Farengo
- Department of Social Work, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Marc Foca
- Divison of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Nicole Hayde
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, USA
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3
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Tatem LL, Veale T, Richardson C, Luckhardt T. Canine acquired pneumonia caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica. IDCases 2023; 34:e01922. [PMID: 37965382 PMCID: PMC10641601 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2023.e01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present the case of a 55-year-old male with HIV and persistent lymphopenia who developed a paroxysmal severe cough for over three weeks. Microbiology studies were positive for abundant colonies of Bordetella bronchiseptica. He reports that his dog was also ill with a severe cough, suggesting a possible canine-to-human transmission. This zoonosis has been increasingly recognized and possesses significant morbidity and mortality, especially in immunocompromised hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Lantigua Tatem
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, & Critical Care Medicine, 1900 University Blvd. Tinsley Harrison Tower, Suite 422, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Todd Veale
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Christopher Richardson
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, & Critical Care Medicine, 1900 University Blvd. Tinsley Harrison Tower, Suite 513A, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Tracy Luckhardt
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, & Critical Care Medicine, 1900 University Blvd. Tinsley Harrison Tower, Suite 422, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
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4
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García Sánchez P, Iglesias I, Falces-Romero I, Serrano-Villar M, Calvo C, Alcolea S, Sainz T, Mendez-Echevarría A. Balancing the Risks and Benefits of Pet Ownership in Pediatric Transplant Recipients. Transplantation 2022; 107:855-866. [PMID: 36539923 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, the number of pediatric transplantations and their survival rates have increased. Psychological problems and poorer quality of life are notable among children undergoing transplantation and can have long-lasting consequences and affect immunosuppressive therapy adherence. Pet ownership and animal contact have been associated with physical, mental, and social health benefits. Despite these potential benefits, however, companion animals are known to be a source of infection, which is one of the main concerns for clinicians. Because of immunosuppression, these children are particularly vulnerable to infections. Zoonoses comprise a long list of infectious diseases and represent a major public health problem. Nevertheless, many families and most healthcare providers are unaware of these potential risks, and there is a worrisome lack of recommendations to manage the risk-benefit balance, which could pose a risk for acquiring a zoonosis. Furthermore, no data are available on the number of transplanted patients with pets, and this risk-benefit balance is difficult to adequately evaluate. In this document, we review the currently available evidence regarding the epidemiology of zoonotic infections in patients undergoing transplantation, focusing on pediatric patients from a risk-benefit perspective, to help inform decision-making for clinicians. Families and healthcare professionals should be aware of the risks, and clinicians should actively screen for pets and offer comprehensive information as part of routine clinical practice. A multidisciplinary approach will ensure proper care of patients and pets and will establish preventive measures to ensure patients are safe living with their pets.
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5
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Platero L, Garcia-Sanchez P, Sainz T, Calvo C, Iglesias I, Esperon F, de la Fuente R, Frauca E, Perez-Martinez A, Mendez-Echevarria A. Pets for pediatric transplant recipients: To have or not to have. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:974665. [PMID: 36157192 PMCID: PMC9493113 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.974665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pets have many health, emotional and social benefits for children, but the risk of zoonotic infections cannot be underestimated, especially for immunosuppressed patients. We report the recommendations given by health professionals working with pediatric transplant recipients to their families regarding pet ownership. An online survey addressing zoonosis knowledge and recommendations provided by health care practitioners regarding pets was distributed to clinicians treating pediatric transplant recipients. The European Society of Pediatric Infectious Disease (ESPID) and the European Reference Network ERN-TransplantChild, which works to improve the quality of life of transplanted children, allowed the online distribution of the survey. A total of 151 practitioners from 28 countries participated in the survey. Up to 29% of the respondents had treated at least one case of zoonosis. Overall, 58% of the respondents considered that the current available evidence regarding zoonotic risk for transplanted children of having a pet is too scarce. In addition, up to 23% of the surveyed professionals recognized to be unaware or outdated. Still, 27% of the respondents would advise against buying a pet. Practitioners already owning a pet less frequently advised patients against pet ownership, whereas non-pet-owners were more keen to advise against pet ownership (p = 0.058). 61% of the participants stated that there were no institutional recommendations regarding pets in their centers/units. However, 43% of them reported therapeutic initiatives that involved animals in their centers. Infectious disease specialists were more likely to identify zoonotic agents among a list of pathogens compared to other specialists (p < 0.05). We have observed a huge heterogeneity among the recommendations that health care providers offer to families in terms of risk related to pet ownership for transplant recipients. The lack of evidence regarding these recommendations results in practitioners' recommendations based on personal experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Platero
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Garcia-Sanchez
- Pediatric Emergency Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Talía Sainz
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- ERN Transplant Child, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Calvo
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- ERN Transplant Child, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Esperon
- Veterinary Faculty, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo de la Fuente
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esteban Frauca
- ERN Transplant Child, Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Hepatology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Perez-Martinez
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- ERN Transplant Child, Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Mendez-Echevarria
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- ERN Transplant Child, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Ana Mendez-Echevarria
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6
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A wolf in sheep's clothing: Dogs confer an unrecognized risk for their immunocompromised master. Respir Med Case Rep 2022; 38:101672. [PMID: 35651518 PMCID: PMC9149181 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2022.101672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a pleomorphic gram-negative coccobacillus that commonly causes respiratory tract infections in canines, felines, and swine. Human infections are rare. We report a case of Bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia in a 67-year-old immunocompromised host. His past medical history included multiple myeloma treated with autologous bone marrow transplant followed by a chimeric antigen receptor cell therapy for relapse. He was admitted with unrelenting diarrhea due to HHV-6 pancolitis. During the hospital course he developed high-grade fever (102.3°F), cough and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Chest imaging demonstrated bilateral opacities most pronounced at lung bases and worsening mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Bronchoalveolar lavage cultures grew Bordetella bronchiseptica. He was treated with piperacillin/tazobactam, but developed progressive multiorgan failure, transitioned to comfort care, and expired in the hospital. Bordetella bronchiseptica is an organism that do not cause serious infection in immunocompetent persons but can sometimes cause serious illness in immunocompromised populations. It causes “kennel cough” in dogs and spready by respiratory droplets. Dogs and cats are not uniformly vaccinated against this pathogen. Therefore, transmission through animal contact is becoming increasingly common. Realize that unlike other Bordetella spp, this pathogen is not typically responsive to erythromycin and is often resistant to ampicillin and cephalosporins so the typical neutropenic fever coverage with an antipseudomonal cephalosporin and azithromycin might not be effective. Given the increasing recognition of this zoonosis as a threat to the immunocompromised, it is essential to educate immunocompromised patients to minimize zoonotic exposure, as immunization of pets might not confer protection to humans.
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7
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Chan KH, Ajao SO, Farouji I, Slim J. A Case of Bordetella bronchiseptica Bacteremia in a Patient With Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis. Cureus 2021; 13:e13938. [PMID: 33880278 PMCID: PMC8051530 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a rare cause of respiratory tract infection in humans, most commonly found in immunocompromised individuals exposed to infected animals. It colonizes the respiratory tract and can lead to infection in dogs, cats, rabbits, and others. In immunocompromised patients, it has been reported to result in life-threatening infections but rarely affects immunocompetent individuals. Here, we are the first to report a case B. bronchiseptica bacteremia in a patient with decompensated liver cirrhosis without known animal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Hoe Chan
- Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, USA
| | - Susanne O Ajao
- Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, USA
| | - Iyad Farouji
- Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, USA
| | - Jihad Slim
- Infectious Diseases, Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, USA
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8
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Radcliffe C, Lier A, Doilicho N, Parikh S, Kaddouh F. Bordetella bronchiseptica: a rare cause of meningitis. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:922. [PMID: 33272197 PMCID: PMC7713019 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bordetella bronchiseptica is a gram-negative, obligate aerobic coccobacillus known to cause disease in domesticated animals and pets. In humans, B. bronchiseptica commonly leads to respiratory infections like pneumonia or bronchitis, and animal contact usually precedes the onset of symptoms. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of post-traumatic B. bronchiseptica meningitis without recent surgery in the setting of immunosuppression with a monoclonal antibody. Our case concerns a 77-year-old male with ulcerative colitis on infliximab who sustained a mechanical fall and developed a traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leak complicated by meningitis. He received meropenem then ceftazidime during his hospital course, and temporary neurosurgical drain placement was required. His clinical condition improved, and he was discharged at his baseline neurological status. CONCLUSIONS B. bronchiseptica is an unusual cause of meningitis that may warrant consideration in immunocompromised hosts with known or suspected animal exposures. To better characterize this rare cause of meningitis, we performed a systematic literature review and summarized all previously reported cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Radcliffe
- Yale School of Medicine, 15th York Street, LLCI 10th floor, P.O. Box 208018, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Audun Lier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Natnael Doilicho
- Yale School of Medicine, 15th York Street, LLCI 10th floor, P.O. Box 208018, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Sunil Parikh
- Yale School of Medicine, 15th York Street, LLCI 10th floor, P.O. Box 208018, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Firas Kaddouh
- Yale School of Medicine, 15th York Street, LLCI 10th floor, P.O. Box 208018, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA.
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9
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Singleton DA, Stavisky J, Jewell C, Smyth S, Brant B, Sánchez-Vizcaíno F, Dawson S, Pinchbeck GL, Noble PJM, Radford AD. Small animal disease surveillance 2019: respiratory disease, antibiotic prescription and canine infectious respiratory disease complex. Vet Rec 2020; 184:640-645. [PMID: 31123207 DOI: 10.1136/vr.l3128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David A Singleton
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Jenny Stavisky
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Christopher Jewell
- Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Furness Building, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK
| | - Steven Smyth
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Bethaney Brant
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | | | - Susan Dawson
- Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Gina L Pinchbeck
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Peter J M Noble
- Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Alan D Radford
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
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10
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Muhammad A, Kassmannhuber J, Rauscher M, Falcon AA, Wheeler DW, Zhang AA, Lubitz P, Lubitz W. Subcutaneous Immunization of Dogs With Bordetella bronchiseptica Bacterial Ghost Vaccine. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1377. [PMID: 31293571 PMCID: PMC6603212 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bordetella species are Gram-negative bacterial pathogens that colonizes mammalian respiratory tract causing respiratory diseases in humans and animals. B. bronchiseptica causes clinical conditions in many mammals including immunocompromised humans. Using the dog model of respiratory infection, it has been shown in this study that a newly developed B. bronchiseptica Bacterial Ghost (BbBG) vaccine exhibited significant protection in the face of a severe pathogenic bacterial challenge in seronegative dogs. The protein E-specific lysis mechanism was used to produce BbBGs. Bacterial Ghosts (BGs) are the empty cell envelope of Gram-negative bacterium. They are genetically processed to form a microscopic hole in their membrane, through which all the cytoplasmic contents are expelled leaving behind intact empty bacterial shells. Due to the intact surface structures of BGs, they offer the safety of inactivated but efficacy of live attenuated vaccines. In this study, seronegative dogs were vaccinated subcutaneously (s/c) with two different doses of a newly developed BbBG vaccine [lower 10∧5 (BbBG – 5) and higher 10∧7 (BbBG – 7)] on day 0 and 21. The animals were challenged (by aerosol) with virulent live B. bronchiseptica strains 41 days after first vaccination. The dogs vaccinated s/c with BbBG – 7 vaccine had significantly lower spontaneous coughing scores (P = 0.0001) than dogs in negative control group. Furthermore, the tested BbBG – 7 vaccine was equivalent to the positive control vaccine Bronchicine CAe in terms of safety and efficacy. For the first time, we report the successful use of liquid formulated BGs vaccines in animal studies. Earlier reported studies using BGs vaccines were performed with resuspended freeze-dried BGs preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johannes Kassmannhuber
- BIRD-C GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria.,Centre of Molecular Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mascha Rauscher
- BIRD-C GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria.,Centre of Molecular Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Alan A Zhang
- ELANCO Animal Health, Greenfield, IN, United States
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11
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Deitchman AR, Kalchiem-Dekel O, Todd N, Reed RM. Rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease due to anti-melanoma differentiation associated protein-5 requiring a bilateral lung transplant, and complicated by kennel cough. Respir Med Case Rep 2019; 28:100886. [PMID: 31249780 PMCID: PMC6586988 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2019.100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between inflammatory myopathies anti-synthetase syndrome and interstitial lung disease has been recognized since the 1950s. Patients generally present with gradual onset of symptoms and slow progression of fibrosis over months to years. Herein, we describe a previously well 51-year-old man who presented with three months of progressive small joint arthritis, cough, dyspnea, and eventually hypoxemic respiratory failure following a viral prodrome. He continued to decompensate despite high dose corticosteroids and mycophenolate mofetil, ultimately requiring extracorporeal membranous oxygenation as a bridge to bilateral lung transplantation. Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) was confirmed through serum positivity for anti-Melanoma Differentiation Associated Protein-5 (MDA-5) antibody. Interestingly, his post-operative course was complicated by a zoonotic infection with Bordetella bronchiseptica. This case highlights the importance of identifying rare autoimmune diseases, and the utility of transfer to a lung transplant center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Deitchman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Or Kalchiem-Dekel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nevins Todd
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert M Reed
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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12
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Szvalb AD, Rolston KV, Mori N, Tarrand JJ, Mulanovich VE. Infections with the agent of 'kennel cough' in patients with cancer. J Infect 2018; 78:48-53. [PMID: 30048653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical manifestations, microbiological data, and outcomes of Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) infections in patients with cancer. METHODS Review of electronic medical records of 24 patients with Bb infection, from 2000 to 2013. An infection was considered to be associated with Bb if both clinical manifestations plus microbial growth from infected sites were present. RESULTS Ten patients (42%) had a monomicrobial infection, whereas multiple pathogens in addition to Bb were isolated from the rest (14 patients, 58%). The most frequent sites of infection were the respiratory tract (18 patients, 75 %) and bloodstream (17%). The most frequently associated conditions were lymphopenia (71%), tobacco use (42%), and chemotherapeutic or immunosuppressive agents (33% each). Animal exposure was established in four patients. Overall, the response rate to treatment was 100% for monomicrobial and 79% for polymicrobial infections, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Bb is an uncommon pathogen even in immunosuppressed patients. Predominant sites of infection are the respiratory tract and bloodstream. Bb should be considered pathogenic in immunocompromised hosts, particularly with history of zoonotic exposure, even if accompanied by co-pathogens. Therefore, contact with potential animal sources should be minimized. The infection ranges from mild to severe and has no specific clinical or radiographic manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel D Szvalb
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1460, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Kenneth V Rolston
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1460, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nobuyoshi Mori
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1460, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Tarrand
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 0084, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Victor E Mulanovich
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1460, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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13
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Monti M, Diano D, Allegrini F, Delmonte A, Fausti V, Cravero P, Marcantognini G, Frassineti GL. Bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia in a patient with lung cancer; a case report of a rare infection. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:644. [PMID: 28946850 PMCID: PMC5613318 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bordetella bronchiseptica (B.bronchiseptica) is a frequent cause of respiratory infections in animals but rarely causes serious infection in humans. We present a rare case of B. bronchiseptica pneumonia in a patient with lung cancer. CASE PRESENTATION A 52-year-old white male with non small cell lung cancer developed fever during treatment with nivolumab. A persistent productive cough and a deterioration in his clinical condition led to his hospitalization for evaluation. Bronchoscopy was performed and a diagnosis of B. bronchiseptica pneumonia was made. The infection was successfully managed by antiobiotic therapy. CONCLUSIONS B. bronchiseptica is a pathogen that can cause serious infection in humans, especially in immunocompromised or immunoincompetent individuals. In our patient it showed unusual resistance to cephalosporins and poor sensitivity to amikacin. To our knowledge this is the first case of such an infection in a lung cancer patient undergoing treatment with nivolumab. When B. bronchiseptica is identified, the possibility of a nosocomial transmission must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Monti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Danila Diano
- Radiology Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Francesco Allegrini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Angelo Delmonte
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Valentina Fausti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Paola Cravero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Giulia Marcantognini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Frassineti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
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Abstract
The Bordetella genus comprises nine species of which Bordetella pertussis and B. parapertussis are isolated from humans and are the most studied Bordetella species since they cause whooping cough. They both originate from B. bronchiseptica, which infects several mammals and immune compromised humans, but the intensive use of pertussis vaccines induced changes in B. pertussis and B. parapertussis populations. B. petrii and B. holmesii are other species of unknown reservoir and transmission pattern that have been described in humans. It is still unknown whether these species are pathogens for humans or only opportunistic bacteria but biological diagnosis has confirmed the presence of B. holmesii in human respiratory samples while B. petrii and the four other species have little implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Guiso
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Prévention et Thérapies Moléculaires des Maladies Humaines, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
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16
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Yacoub AT, Katayama M, Tran J, Zadikany R, Kandula M, Greene J. Bordetella bronchiseptica in the immunosuppressed population - a case series and review. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2014; 6:e2014031. [PMID: 24804004 PMCID: PMC4010603 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2014.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms that are not known to cause serious infection in the immunocompetent population can, in fact, cause devastating illness in immunosuppressed neutropenic populations especially those who are undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and solid organ transplantation or a history of malignancy. One organism of interest isolated from immunosuppressed patients at our institution was Bordetella bronchiseptica. It is known to cause respiratory tract disease in the animal population which includes dogs, cats, and rabbits. This organism rarely causes serious infection in the immunocompetent population. However; in immunosuppressed patients, it can cause serious pulmonary disease. We present three cases of B. bronchiseptica pneumonia in patients with a history of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham T. Yacoub
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497
| | - Mitsuya Katayama
- University of South Florida, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, 1 Tampa General Circle, G323 Tampa, FL 33606
| | - JoAnn Tran
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Down Blvd, Tampa, Fl 33612-4742
| | - Ronit Zadikany
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Down Blvd, Tampa, Fl 33612-4742
| | - Manasa Kandula
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497
| | - John Greene
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497
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Tizolova A, Brun D, Guiso N, Guillot S. Development of real-time PCR assay for differential detection of Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella parapertussis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 78:347-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sykes JE. Immunization. CANINE AND FELINE INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2014. [PMCID: PMC7152223 DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-0795-3.00012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Active immunization can partially or completely protect dogs and cats from severe consequences of infection with a variety of different pathogens, and in some cases it reduces shedding of these pathogens. Vaccines contain attenuated live microorganisms, inactivated microorganisms, or portions of these organisms. They also contain preservatives and adjuvants. Failure of immunization can occur with improper storage or administration of vaccines, a large challenge dose, host factors such as concurrent infections or disease, and interference by maternal antibody. Other adverse effects of vaccine administration are uncommon to rare but include hypersensitivity reactions, disease induced by live attenuated vaccine organisms, and injection-site sarcomas in cats. The decision to administer a vaccine should be based on discussion of risks and benefits between the veterinarian and pet owner. This should be documented in the medical record. Guidelines for vaccine selection and administration have been published by a number of veterinary bodies, such as the AAFP, AAHA, AVMA, and WSAVA; suggestions can also be found in Appendix I.
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Immunocompromised patients and their pets: Still best friends? Vet J 2013; 197:662-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kitten-transmitted Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in a patient receiving temozolomide for glioblastoma. J Neurooncol 2010; 102:335-9. [PMID: 20676728 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-010-0322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a gram negative coccobacillus that can be transmitted from domestic animals and cause severe infections in immunocompromised patients. A 56-year-old man with a left parietal glioblastoma was treated with resection, radiation and concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy. He received bevacizumab for progression, and dose dense metronomic temozolomide was added for additional progression. He developed chronic cough and was diagnosed with B. bronchiseptica infection. This is the first reported case of B. bronchiseptica infection in a patient receiving temozolomide. The infection was likely acquired from an infected kitten. Patients receiving temozolomide should be counseled on the risks of acquiring zoonotic infections, including B. bronchiseptica, from their pets.
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