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Chappell D, van der Linden P, Ripollés-Melchor J, James MFM. Safety and efficacy of tetrastarches in surgery and trauma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Anaesth 2021; 127:556-568. [PMID: 34330414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2021.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130 is a frequently used fluid to replace intravascular losses during surgery or trauma. In the past years, several trials performed in critically ill patients have raised questions regarding the safety of this product. Our aim in this meta-analysis was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 6% HES during surgery and in trauma. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42018100379). We included 85 fully published articles from 1980 to June 2018 according to the protocol and three additional recent articles up to June 2020 in English, French, German, and Spanish reporting on prospective, randomised, and controlled clinical trials applying volume therapy with HES 130/0.4 or HES 130/0.42, including combinations with crystalloids, to patients undergoing surgery. Comparators were albumin, gelatin, and crystalloids only. A meta-analysis could not be performed for the two trauma studies as there was only one study that reported data on endpoints of interest. RESULTS Surgical patients treated with HES had lower postoperative serum creatinine (P<0.001) and showed no differences in renal dysfunction, renal failure, or renal replacement therapy. Although there was practically no further difference in the colloids albumin or gelatin, the use of HES improved haemodynamic stability, reduced need for vasopressors (P<0.001), and decreased length of hospital stay (P<0.001) compared with the use of crystalloids alone. CONCLUSIONS HES was shown to be safe and efficacious in the perioperative setting. Results of the present meta-analysis suggest that when used with adequate indication, a combination of intravenous fluid therapy with crystalloids and volume replacement with HES as colloid has clinically beneficial effects over using crystalloids only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chappell
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum Frankfurt Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Philippe van der Linden
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Brugmann University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Javier Ripollés-Melchor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Fluid Therapy and Hemodynamic Group of the Hemostasia, Transfusion Medicine, Fluid Therapy Section of the Spanish Society of Anesthesia and Critical Care (SEDAR), Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael F M James
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Tan R, Tian D, Liu J, Wang C, Wan Y. Doxorubicin-Bound Hydroxyethyl Starch Conjugate Nanoparticles with pH/Redox Responsive Linkage for Enhancing Antitumor Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:4527-4544. [PMID: 34276212 PMCID: PMC8277972 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s314705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapeutic drugs used for tumor treatments often show limited efficiency due to their short lifetime, nonspecific delivery, and slow or insufficient intracellular drug release, and also, they can cause severe system or organ toxicity. The development of chemotherapeutic nanomedicines with high efficacy and satisfactory safety still remains a challenge for current tumor chemotherapy. METHODS A novel type of conjugate was synthesized using hydroxyethyl starch (HES) as a carrier while binding doxorubicin (DOX) onto HES backbone through a pH/redox responsive linker containing both disulfide and hydrazone bonds in series. The built conjugates were self-assembled into nanoparticles (NPs) (HES-SS-hyd-DOX NPs) for achieving enhanced antitumor therapy and adequate safety. RESULTS HES-SS-hyd-DOX NPs had a certain ability for the tumor-orientated drug accumulation and were capable of releasing DOX itself rather than DOX derivatives. It was found that the pH/redox responsive linkage enabled the NPs to achieve fast and sufficient intracellular drug release. Based on the tumor-bearing mouse model, antitumor results demonstrated that these NPs were able to inhibit the growth of the advanced tumors with significantly enhanced efficacy when compared to free DOX, and to those conjugate NPs containing only a single responsive or unresponsive bond. Besides, HES-SS-hyd-DOX NPs also showed adequate safety to the normal organs of the treated mice. CONCLUSION The pH/redox responsive linkage in HES-SS-hyd-DOX was found to play a critical role in mediating the drug accumulation and the fast and sufficient intracellular drug release. The HES-exposed surface of HES-SS-hyd-DOX NPs endowed the NPs with long circulation capability and remarkably reduced the DOX-induced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Tan
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Danlei Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaoyan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congcong Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wan
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People’s Republic of China
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Suzuki T, Koyama K. Open randomized trial of the effects of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4/9 and 5% albumin on safety profile, volume efficacy, and glycocalyx degradation in hepatic and pancreatic surgery. J Anesth 2020; 34:912-923. [DOI: 10.1007/s00540-020-02847-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Li Y, Hu H, Zhou Q, Ao Y, Xiao C, Wan J, Wan Y, Xu H, Li Z, Yang X. α-Amylase- and Redox-Responsive Nanoparticles for Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:19215-19230. [PMID: 28513132 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is an effective antineoplastic agent and shows potent antitumor activity against a wide spectrum of cancers. Yet, the wide clinical use of PTX is limited by its poor aqueous solubility and the side effects associated with its current therapeutic formulation. To tackle these obstacles, we report, for the first time, α-amylase- and redox-responsive nanoparticles based on hydroxyethyl starch (HES) for the tumor-targeted delivery of PTX. PTX is conjugated onto HES by a redox-sensitive disulfide bond to form HES-SS-PTX, which was confirmed by results from NMR, high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The HES-SS-PTX conjugates assemble into stable and monodispersed nanoparticles (NPs), as characterized with Dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. In blood, α-amylase will degrade the HES shell and thus decrease the size of the HES-SS-PTX NPs, facilitating NP extravasation and penetration into the tumor. A pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that the HES-SS-PTX NPs have a longer half-life than that of the commercial PTX formulation (Taxol). As a consequence, HES-SS-PTX NPs accumulate more in the tumor compared with the extent of Taxol, as shown in an in vivo imaging study. Under reductive conditions, the HES-SS-PTX NPs could disassemble quickly as evidenced by their triggered collapse, burst drug release, and enhanced cytotoxicity against 4T1 tumor cells in the presence of a reducing agent. Collectively, the HES-SS-PTX NPs show improved in vivo antitumor efficacy (63.6 vs 52.4%) and reduced toxicity in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice compared with those of Taxol. These results highlight the advantages of HES-based α-amylase- and redox-responsive NPs, showing their great clinical translation potential for cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hang Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yanxiao Ao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Chen Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jiangling Wan
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wan
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Huibi Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zifu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
- Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , High Tech Road 666, East Lake High Tech Zone, Wuhan, 430040, P. R. China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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Guo J, Yuan X, Zhou X, Jin X. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cisatracurium in patients undergoing surgery with two hemodilution methods. J Clin Anesth 2017; 38:75-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kancir ASP, Johansen JK, Ekeloef NP, Pedersen EB. The effect of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 on renal function, arterial blood pressure, and vasoactive hormones during radical prostatectomy: a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg 2015; 120:608-618. [PMID: 25627076 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000000596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is commonly used as an intravascular volume expander in surgical patients, recent studies suggest that it may increase the risk of renal failure in critically ill patients. We hypothesized that patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and receiving HES would be more likely to develop markers of renal failure, such as increasing urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (u-NGAL), creatinine clearance (C(crea)), and decreasing urine output (UO). METHODS In a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, 40 patients referred for radical prostatectomy received either 6% HES 130/0.4 or saline 0.9%; 7.5 mL/kg during the first hour of surgery and 5 mL/kg in the following hours; u-NGAL, urine albumin, C(crea), UO, arterial blood pressure, and plasma concentrations of creatinine, renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, and vasopressin were measured before, during, and after surgery. RESULTS Thirty-six patients completed the study. u-NGAL, C(crea), UO, plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, p-creatinine, urine albumin, and arterial blood pressure were the same in both groups. Blood loss was higher in the HES group (HES 1250 vs saline 750 mL), while p-albumin was reduced to a significantly lower level. P-renin and p-angiotensin-II increased in both groups, whereas p-aldosterone and p-vasopressin increased significantly in the saline group. CONCLUSIONS We found no evidence of nephrotoxicity after infusion of 6% HES 130/0.4 in patients undergoing prostatectomy with normal preoperative renal function. Hemodynamic stability and infused fluid volume were the same in both groups. We observed an increased blood loss in the group given 6% HES 130/0.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Sophie Pinholt Kancir
- From the *University Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medical Research and Medicine, and Department of Anesthesiology, Holstebro Hospital and University of Aarhus, Holstebro, Denmark; †Department of Urology, Holstebro Hospital, Holstebro, Denmark; ‡Department of Anesthesiology, Holstebro Hospital, Holstebro, Denmark; and §University Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, Holstebro Hospital and University of Aarhus, Holstebro, Denmark
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Chen G, You G, Wang Y, Lu M, Cheng W, Yang J, Zhao L, Zhou H. Effects of synthetic colloids on oxidative stress and inflammatory response in hemorrhagic shock: comparison of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4, hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5, and succinylated gelatin. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2013; 17:R141. [PMID: 23849347 PMCID: PMC4056655 DOI: 10.1186/cc12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study compared the effects of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4, hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5, and succinylated gelatin on oxidative stress and the inflammatory response in a rodent hemorrhagic shock model. METHODS Sodium pentobarbital-anesthetized adult male Wistar rats (200 g to 220 g) were subjected to a severe volume-controlled hemorrhage using arterial blood withdrawal (30 mL/kg to 33 mL/kg) and resuscitated with a colloid solution at the same volume as blood withdrawal (hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4, hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5, or succinylated gelatin). Arterial blood gas parameters were monitored. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the liver, lungs, intestine, and brain were measured two hours after resuscitation. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 in the intestine were also measured. RESULTS Infusions of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4, but not hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 or succinylated gelatin, significantly reduced MDA levels and MPO activity in the liver, intestine, lungs and brain, and it also inhibited the production of TNF-α in the intestine two hours after resuscitation. However, no significant difference between hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 and succinylated gelatin was observed. CONCLUSIONS Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4, but not hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 or succinylated gelatin, treatment after hemorrhagic shock ameliorated oxidative stress and the inflammatory response in this rat model. No significant differences were observed after hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 or succinylated gelatin administration at doses of approximately 33 mL/kg.
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Van Der Linden P, James M, Mythen M, Weiskopf RB. Safety of Modern Starches Used During Surgery. Anesth Analg 2013; 116:35-48. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31827175da] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Liu FC, Liao CH, Chang YW, Liou JT, Day YJ. Hydroxyethyl starch interferes with human blood ex vivo coagulation, platelet function and sedimentation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 47:71-8. [PMID: 19527967 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-4597(09)60027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solutions are widely used for intravascular volume expansion. In Taiwan, the medium molecular weight of HES 200/0.5 and HES 130/0.4 solutions are most commonly used. It has been demonstrated that HES may affect coagulation and platelet function significantly. However, the differential effects of each medium molecular weight HES on platelets remain poorly reported. Therefore, we studied the influence of the two HES solutions on platelet function in vitro by mixing whole blood with different proportions of HES 130 kD, HES 200 kD, and saline to determine the differences. METHODS Human blood samples for platelet function analyzer (PFA), aggregometry and blood/HES mixed test were drawn from the antecubital vein and put into test tubes containing 3.2% trisodium citrate (blood:citrate, 9:1). The specimens were divided into four groups, designated as whole blood, 10%, 20%, and 30% dilution with normal saline (N/S), HES130 or HES200 solution. The platelet function of each sample was measured by both PFA and platelet aggregometry. RESULTS The results showed that the PFA-100 closure times CEPI-CT and CADP-CT were significantly prolonged in the samples diluted with normal saline, HES130 and HES200 than in the controls. The ADP triggered whole blood aggregometry showed that attenuated impedance was observed in samples of 20% diluted with HES130 and HES200 groups. The blood/HES mixed sedimentation test showed significantly increased proportion of the upper liquid layer in the HES200 group than in other groups. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that HES200 and HES130 possess noticeably inhibitory effects on platelet function, especially when the HES replaced proportion was more than 20%. HES200 has a greater effect on blood cells and plasma separation than does HES130.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Tschuor C, Asmis LM, Lenzlinger PM, Tanner M, Härter L, Keel M, Stocker R, Stover JF. In vitro norepinephrine significantly activates isolated platelets from healthy volunteers and critically ill patients following severe traumatic brain injury. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2008; 12:R80. [PMID: 18564410 PMCID: PMC2481479 DOI: 10.1186/cc6931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2008] [Revised: 06/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Norepinephrine, regularly used to increase systemic arterial blood pressure and thus improve cerebral perfusion following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), may activate platelets. This, in turn, could promote microthrombosis formation and induce additional brain damage. Methods The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of norepinephrine on platelets isolated from healthy volunteers and TBI patients during the first two post-traumatic weeks. A total of 18 female and 18 male healthy volunteers of different age groups were recruited, while 11 critically ill TBI patients admitted consecutively to our intensive care unit were studied. Arterial and jugular venous platelets were isolated from norepinephrine-receiving TBI patients; peripheral venous platelets were studied in healthy volunteers. Concentration-dependent functional alterations of isolated platelets were analyzed by flow cytometry, assessing changes in surface P-selectin expression and platelet-derived microparticles before and after in vitro stimulation with norepinephrine ranging from 10 nM to 100 μM. The thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP) served as a positive control. Results During the first week following TBI, norepinephrine-mediated stimulation of isolated platelets was significantly reduced compared with volunteers (control). In the second week, the number of P-selectin- and microparticle-positive platelets was significantly decreased by 60% compared with the first week and compared with volunteers. This, however, was associated with a significantly increased susceptibility to norepinephrine-mediated stimulation, exceeding changes observed in volunteers and TBI patients during the first week. This pronounced norepinephrine-induced responsiveness coincided with increased arterio-jugular venous difference in platelets, reflecting intracerebral adherence and signs of cerebral deterioration reflected by elevated intracranial pressure and reduced jugular venous oxygen saturation. Conclusion Clinically infused norepinephrine might influence platelets, possibly promoting microthrombosis formation. In vitro stimulation revealed a concentration- and time-dependent differential level of norepinephrine-mediated platelet activation, possibly reflecting changes in receptor expression and function. Whether norepinephrine should be avoided in the second post-traumatic week and whether norepinephrine-stimulated platelets might induce additional brain damage warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Tschuor
- Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zuerich, Raemistrasse 100, CH 8091 Zuerich, Switzerland
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Green RS, Hall RI. Con: Starches Are Not Preferable to Albumin During Cardiac Surgery: A Contrary Opinion. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2008; 22:485-91. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Continuous, Online Measurement of the Absolute Plasma Refill Rate During Hemodialysis Using Feedback Regulated Ultrafiltration: Preliminary Results. ASAIO J 2008; 54:95-9. [DOI: 10.1097/mat.0b013e3181609d91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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KOZEK-LANGENECKER SIBYLLEA, SCHARBERT GISELA. Effects of hydroxyethyl starches on hemostasis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1778-428x.2007.00074.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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