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Zhou W, Furey NM, Soisook P, Thong VD, Lim BK, Rossiter SJ, Mao X. Diversification and introgression in four chromosomal taxa of the Pearson's horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus pearsoni) group. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023; 183:107784. [PMID: 37040825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal variation among closely related taxa is common in both plants and animals, and can reduce rates of introgression as well as promote reproductive isolation and speciation. In mammals, studies relating introgression to chromosomal variation have tended to focus on a few model systems and typically characterized levels of introgression using small numbers of loci. Here we took a genome-wide approach to examine how introgression rates vary among four closely related horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus pearsoni group) that possess different diploid chromosome numbers (2n = 42, 44, 46, and 60) resulting from Robertsonian (Rb) changes (fissions/fusions). Using a sequence capture we obtained orthologous loci for thousands of nuclear loci, as well as mitogenomes, and performed phylogenetic and population genetic analyses. We found that the taxon with 2n = 60 was the first to diverge in this group, and that the relationships among the three other taxa (2n = 42, 44 and 46) showed discordance across our different analyses. Our results revealed signatures of multiple ancient introgression events between the four taxa, with evidence of mitonuclar discordance in phylogenetic trees and reticulation events in their evolutionary history. Despite this, we found no evidence of recent and/or ongoing introgression between taxa. Overall, our results indicate that the effects of Rb changes on the reduction of introgression are complicated and that these may contribute to reproductive isolation and speciation in concert with other factors (e.g. phenotypic and genic divergence).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhou
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Neil M Furey
- Fauna & Flora International (Cambodia), PO Box 1380, No. 19, Street 360, Boeng Keng Kong 1, Phnom Penh 12000, Cambodia
| | - Pipat Soisook
- Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History Museum, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Vu D Thong
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Viet Nam
| | - Burton K Lim
- Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2C6, Canada
| | - Stephen J Rossiter
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Xiuguang Mao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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2
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Li H, Mo X, Sun H, Wang J, Motokawa M, Harada M, Wu Y, Li Y. Karyotypic polymorphism of Crocidura tanakae (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) and revision of the karyotype of C. attenuata in mainland China. J Mammal 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Conventional karyotypes of Crocidura tanakae and C. attenuata collected from mainland China were examined by bone marrow and cell culture methods along with identification to species using molecular data. In contrast to C. tanakae from Taiwan, populations from mainland China were karyotypically polymorphic, varying in diploid number (2n) from 24 to 40 and fundamental number (FN) from 45 to 56. Autosomes are composed of 6–20 metacentric or submetacentric chromosomes, 0–8 subtelocentric chromosomes, and 0–24 telocentric chromosomes. These polymorphic karyotypes indicate the presence of two geographically separated races. The ancestral karyotype of C. tanakae potentially is the same as currently found on Taiwan: 2n = 40 and FN = 56. In contrast to C. tanakae, C. attenuata had a uniform karyotype (2n = 40, FN = 54) in mainland China, suggesting that previously reported karyotypic polymorphism in this species was an error due to the morphological crypsis between C. tanakae and C. attenuata in mainland China. The intricate karyotypic polymorphism of C. tanakae may be indicative of this species undergoing speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Li
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | - Xinmin Mo
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | - Huimei Sun
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | | | - Masashi Harada
- Laboratory Animal Center, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuchun Li
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, China
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3
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Lucek K, Butlin RK, Patsiou T. Secondary contact zones of closely-related Erebia butterflies overlap with narrow phenotypic and parasitic clines. J Evol Biol 2020; 33:1152-1163. [PMID: 32573833 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Zones of secondary contact between closely related taxa are a common legacy of the Quaternary ice ages. Despite their abundance, the factors that keep species apart and prevent hybridization are often unknown. Here, we study a very narrow contact zone between three closely related butterfly species of the Erebia tyndarus species complex. Using genomic data, we first determined whether gene flow occurs and then assessed whether it might be hampered by differences in chromosome number between some species. We found interspecific gene flow between sibling species that differ in karyotype by one chromosome. Conversely, only F1 hybrids occurred between two species that have the same karyotype, forming a steep genomic cline. In a second step, we fitted clines to phenotypic, ecological and parasitic data to identify the factors associated with the genetic cline. We found clines for phenotypic data and the prevalence of the endosymbiont parasite Wolbachia to overlap with the genetic cline, suggesting that they might be drivers for separating the two species. Overall, our results highlight that some gene flow is possible between closely related species despite different chromosome numbers, but that other barriers restrict such gene flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Lucek
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roger K Butlin
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Department of Marine Sciences, Tjärnö, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Theofania Patsiou
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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4
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McEntee JP, Burleigh JG, Singhal S. Dispersal Predicts Hybrid Zone Widths across Animal Diversity: Implications for Species Borders under Incomplete Reproductive Isolation. Am Nat 2020; 196:9-28. [PMID: 32552108 DOI: 10.1086/709109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid zones occur as range boundaries for many animal taxa. One model for how hybrid zones form and stabilize is the tension zone model, a version of which predicts that hybrid zone widths are determined by a balance between random dispersal into hybrid zones and selection against hybrids. Here, we examine whether random dispersal and proxies for selection against hybrids (genetic distances between hybridizing pairs) can explain variation in hybrid zone widths across 131 hybridizing pairs of animals. We show that these factors alone can explain ∼40% of the variation in zone width among animal hybrid zones, with dispersal explaining far more of the variation than genetic distances. Patterns within clades were idiosyncratic. Genetic distances predicted hybrid zone widths particularly well for reptiles, while this relationship was opposite tension zone predictions in birds. Last, the data suggest that dispersal and molecular divergence set lower bounds on hybrid zone widths in animals, indicating that there are geographic restrictions on hybrid zone formation. Overall, our analyses reinforce the fundamental importance of dispersal in hybrid zone formation and more generally in the ecology of range boundaries.
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Wong ELY, Nevado B, Osborne OG, Papadopulos AST, Bridle JR, Hiscock SJ, Filatov DA. Strong divergent selection at multiple loci in two closely related species of ragworts adapted to high and low elevations on Mount Etna. Mol Ecol 2019; 29:394-412. [PMID: 31793091 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently diverged species present particularly informative systems for studying speciation and maintenance of genetic divergence in the face of gene flow. We investigated speciation in two closely related Senecio species, S. aethnensis and S. chrysanthemifolius, which grow at high and low elevations, respectively, on Mount Etna, Sicily and form a hybrid zone at intermediate elevations. We used a newly generated genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) dataset from 192 individuals collected over 18 localities along an elevational gradient to reconstruct the likely history of speciation, identify highly differentiated SNPs, and estimate the strength of divergent selection. We found that speciation in this system involved heterogeneous and bidirectional gene flow along the genome, and species experienced marked population size changes in the past. Furthermore, we identified highly-differentiated SNPs between the species, some of which are located in genes potentially involved in ecological differences between species (such as photosynthesis and UV response). We analysed the shape of these SNPs' allele frequency clines along the elevational gradient. These clines show significantly variable coincidence and concordance, indicative of the presence of multifarious selective forces. Selection against hybrids is estimated to be very strong (0.16-0.78) and one of the highest reported in literature. The combination of strong cumulative selection across the genome and previously identified intrinsic incompatibilities probably work together to maintain the genetic and phenotypic differentiation between these species - pointing to the importance of considering both intrinsic and extrinsic factors when studying divergence and speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar L Y Wong
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bruno Nevado
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Owen G Osborne
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Jon R Bridle
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Simon J Hiscock
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Hope AG, Stephens RB, Mueller SD, Tkach VV, Demboski JR. Speciation of North American pygmy shrews (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) supports spatial but not temporal congruence of diversification among boreal species. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSpeciation among many animals was rapid through the Pleistocene, impacted by climate and periodic isolation and reconnection. As such, species limits among often morphologically cryptic lineages may remain unresolved despite clear mitogenomic partitioning. Accumulating evidence from phylogeographical studies is revealing congruent regional differentiation of lineages across taxonomic groups that share ecological and evolutionary traits. Here, we analyse multiple DNA loci and morphology to resolve the geography and timeframe associated with evolutionary history of North American pygmy shrews (genus Sorex). We then assess lineage diversification among three co-distributed shrew complexes using phylogenetic and approximate Bayesian computation approaches to test a hypothesis of spatial congruence but temporal incongruence of species formation on a continental scale. Our results indicate consistency in regional lineage distributions, partial congruence of the sequence of divergence, and strong but not definitive support for temporal incongruence, suggesting that successive glacial cycles initiated the process of diversification repeatedly through the Pleistocene. Our results emphasize a continuing need for greater genomic coverage in comparative phylogeography, with persistent challenges. We recognize distinct eastern (Sorex hoyi Baird, 1857) and western (Sorex eximius Osgood, 1901) species of pygmy shrew based on available evidence, but discuss issues with taxonomic designations considering the continuum of speciation throughout the boreal biome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Hope
- Division of Biology, 116 Ackert Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Ryan B Stephens
- Natural Resources and the Environment, 114 James Hall, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | | | - Vasyl V Tkach
- Department of Biology, Starcher Hall, University of North Dakota Grand Forks, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - John R Demboski
- Denver Museum of Nature & Science, 2001 Colorado Boulevard, Denver, CO, USA
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Shchipanov NA, Kalinin AA, Bobretsov AV, Pavlova SV. Hybrid Zone between the Sok and Serov Chromosomal Races of the Common Shrew Sorex araneus (Lipotyphla, Mammalia) in European Russia. RUSS J GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795419040136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Evolutionary Mechanisms of Varying Chromosome Numbers in the Radiation of Erebia Butterflies. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9030166. [PMID: 29547586 PMCID: PMC5867887 DOI: 10.3390/genes9030166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution of intrinsic barriers to gene flow is a crucial step in the process of speciation. Chromosomal changes caused by fusion and fission events are one such barrier and are common in several groups of Lepidoptera. However, it remains unclear if and how chromosomal changes have contributed to speciation in this group. I tested for a phylogenetic signal of varying chromosome numbers in Erebia butterflies by combining existing sequence data with karyological information. I also compared different models of trait evolution in order to infer the underlying evolutionary mechanisms. Overall, I found significant phylogenetic signals that are consistent with non-neutral trait evolution only when parts of the mitochondrial genome were included, suggesting cytonuclear discordances. The adaptive evolutionary model tested in this study consistently outperformed the neutral model of trait evolution. Taken together, these results suggest that, unlike other Lepidoptera groups, changes in chromosome numbers may have played a role in the diversification of Erebia butterflies.
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Chromosome Synapsis and Recombination in Male Hybrids between Two Chromosome Races of the Common Shrew (Sorex araneus L., Soricidae, Eulipotyphla). Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8100282. [PMID: 29053571 PMCID: PMC5664132 DOI: 10.3390/genes8100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid zones between chromosome races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus) provide exceptional models to study the potential role of chromosome rearrangements in the initial steps of speciation. The Novosibirsk and Tomsk races differ by a series of Robertsonian fusions with monobrachial homology. They form a narrow hybrid zone and generate hybrids with both simple (chain of three chromosomes) and complex (chain of eight or nine) synaptic configurations. Using immunolocalisation of the meiotic proteins, we examined chromosome pairing and recombination in males from the hybrid zone. Homozygotes and simple heterozygotes for Robertsonian fusions showed a low frequency of synaptic aberrations (<10%). The carriers of complex synaptic configurations showed multiple pairing abnormalities, which might lead to reduced fertility. The recombination frequency in the proximal regions of most chromosomes of all karyotypes was much lower than in the other regions. The strong suppression of recombination in the pericentromeric regions and co-segregation of race specific chromosomes involved in the long chains would be expected to lead to linkage disequilibrium between genes located there. Genic differentiation, together with the high frequency of pairing aberrations in male carriers of the long chains, might contribute to maintenance of the narrow hybrid zone.
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10
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Polyakov AV, Panov VV. Study of male-mediated gene flow across a hybrid zone in the common shrew ( Sorex araneus) using Y chromosome. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2017; 11:421-430. [PMID: 28919973 PMCID: PMC5596988 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v11i2.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite many studies, the impact of chromosome rearrangements on gene flow between chromosome races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758) remains unclear. Interracial hybrids form meiotic chromosome complexes that are associated with reduced fertility. Nevertheless comprehensive investigations of autosomal and mitochondrial markers revealed weak or no barrier to gene flow between chromosomally divergent populations. In a narrow zone of contact between the Novosibirsk and Tomsk races hybrids are produced with extraordinarily complex configurations at meiosis I. Microsatellite markers have not revealed any barrier to gene flow, but the phenotypic differentiation between races is greater than may be expected if gene flow was unrestricted. To explore this contradiction we analyzed the distribution of the Y chromosome SNP markers within this hybrid zone. The Y chromosome variants in combination with race specific autosome complements allow backcrosses to be distinguished and their proportion among individuals within the hybrid zone to be evaluated. The balanced ratio of the Y variants observed among the pure race individuals as well as backcrosses reveals no male mediated barrier to gene flow. The impact of reproductive unfitness of backcrosses on gene flow is discussed as a possible mechanism of the preservation of race-specific morphology within the hybrid zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V Polyakov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Viktor V Panov
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Density-dependent processes determine the distribution of chromosomal races of the common shrew Sorex araneus (Lipotyphla, Mammalia). MAMMAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-017-0314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Shchipanov NA, Pavlova SV. Evolutionary and taxonomic differentiation of shrew species in the “araneus” group of the genus Sorex: 2. Subdivision within the common shrew. BIOL BULL+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359016090168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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13
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Shchipanov NA, Pavlova SV. Multilevel subdivision in the araneus species group of the genus Sorex: 1. Chromosomal differentiation. BIOL BULL+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s106235901608015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Potter S, Bragg JG, Blom MPK, Deakin JE, Kirkpatrick M, Eldridge MDB, Moritz C. Chromosomal Speciation in the Genomics Era: Disentangling Phylogenetic Evolution of Rock-wallabies. Front Genet 2017; 8:10. [PMID: 28265284 PMCID: PMC5301020 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of chromosome rearrangements (CRs) with speciation is well established, and there is a long history of theory and evidence relating to "chromosomal speciation." Genomic sequencing has the potential to provide new insights into how reorganization of genome structure promotes divergence, and in model systems has demonstrated reduced gene flow in rearranged segments. However, there are limits to what we can understand from a small number of model systems, which each only tell us about one episode of chromosomal speciation. Progressing from patterns of association between chromosome (and genic) change, to understanding processes of speciation requires both comparative studies across diverse systems and integration of genome-scale sequence comparisons with other lines of evidence. Here, we showcase a promising example of chromosomal speciation in a non-model organism, the endemic Australian marsupial genus Petrogale. We present initial phylogenetic results from exon-capture that resolve a history of divergence associated with extensive and repeated CRs. Yet it remains challenging to disentangle gene tree heterogeneity caused by recent divergence and gene flow in this and other such recent radiations. We outline a way forward for better integration of comparative genomic sequence data with evidence from molecular cytogenetics, and analyses of shifts in the recombination landscape and potential disruption of meiotic segregation and epigenetic programming. In all likelihood, CRs impact multiple cellular processes and these effects need to be considered together, along with effects of genic divergence. Understanding the effects of CRs together with genic divergence will require development of more integrative theory and inference methods. Together, new data and analysis tools will combine to shed light on long standing questions of how chromosome and genic divergence promote speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Potter
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, ActonACT, Australia
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, SydneyNSW, Australia
| | - Jason G. Bragg
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, SydneyNSW, Australia
| | - Mozes P. K. Blom
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryStockholm, Sweden
| | - Janine E. Deakin
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, BruceACT, Australia
| | - Mark Kirkpatrick
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, AustinTX, USA
| | - Mark D. B. Eldridge
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, SydneyNSW, Australia
| | - Craig Moritz
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, ActonACT, Australia
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15
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Shchipanov NA, Sycheva VB, Tumasyan FA. Morphometric distances and population structuring in the common shrew Sorex araneus L. (Lipotyphla: Soricidae). BIOL BULL+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359016050101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Intra-species structuring in the common shrew Sorex araneus (Lipotyphla: Soricidae) in European Russia: morphometric variability could give evidence of limitation of interpopulation migration. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF THERIOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.15298/rusjtheriol.13.2.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Orlov VN, Borisov YM, Cherepanova EV, Milishnikov AN. Assortative mating in the hybrid zones of the common shrew (Sorex araneus mammalia) chromosome race West Dvina. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2013; 451:217-20. [PMID: 23975460 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496613040017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V N Orlov
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 33, Moscow, 117071, Russia
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Polly PD, Polyakov AV, Ilyashenko VB, Onischenko SS, White TA, Shchipanov NA, Bulatova NS, Pavlova SV, Borodin PM, Searle JB. Phenotypic variation across chromosomal hybrid zones of the common shrew (Sorex araneus) indicates reduced gene flow. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67455. [PMID: 23874420 PMCID: PMC3707902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorex araneus, the Common shrew, is a species with more than 70 karyotypic races, many of which form parapatric hybrid zones, making it a model for studying chromosomal speciation. Hybrids between races have reduced fitness, but microsatellite markers have demonstrated considerable gene flow between them, calling into question whether the chromosomal barriers actually do contribute to genetic divergence. We studied phenotypic clines across two hybrid zones with especially complex heterozygotes. Hybrids between the Novosibirsk and Tomsk races produce chains of nine and three chromosomes at meiosis, and hybrids between the Moscow and Seliger races produce chains of eleven. Our goal was to determine whether phenotypes show evidence of reduced gene flow at hybrid zones. We used maximum likelihood to fit tanh cline models to geometric shape data and found that phenotypic clines in skulls and mandibles across these zones had similar centers and widths as chromosomal clines. The amount of phenotypic differentiation across the zones is greater than expected if it were dissipating due to unrestricted gene flow given the amount of time since contact, but it is less than expected to have accumulated from drift during allopatric separation in glacial refugia. Only if heritability is very low, Ne very high, and the time spent in allopatry very short, will the differences we observe be large enough to match the expectation of drift. Our results therefore suggest that phenotypic differentiation has been lost through gene flow since post-glacial secondary contact, but not as quickly as would be expected if there was free gene flow across the hybrid zones. The chromosomal tension zones are confirmed to be partial barriers that prevent differentiated races from becoming phenotypically homogenous.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. David Polly
- Departments of Geological Sciences and Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Andrei V. Polyakov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vadim B. Ilyashenko
- Kemerovo State University, Department of Zoology and Ecology, Kemerovo, Russia
| | | | - Thomas A. White
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Computational and Molecular Population Genetics (CMPG) Lab, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nikolay A. Shchipanov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nina S. Bulatova
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana V. Pavlova
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel M. Borodin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Jeremy B. Searle
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
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Orlov VN, Sycheva VB, Cherepanova EV, Borisov YM. Craniometric differences between karyotypic races of the common shrew Sorex araneus (Mammalia) as a result of limited hybridization. RUSS J GENET+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795413040108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Giménez MD, White TA, Hauffe HC, Panithanarak T, Searle JB. Understanding the basis of diminished gene flow between hybridizing chromosome races of the house mouse. Evolution 2013; 67:1446-62. [PMID: 23617920 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Speciation may be promoted in hybrid zones if there is an interruption to gene flow between the hybridizing forms. For hybridizing chromosome races of the house mouse in Valtellina (Italy), distinguished by whole-arm chromosomal rearrangements, previous studies have shown that there is greater interruption to gene flow at the centromeres of chromosomes that differ between the races than at distal regions of the same chromosome or at the centromeres of other chromosomes. Here, by increasing the number of markers along race-specific chromosomes, we reveal a decay in between-race genetic differentiation from the centromere to the distal telomere. For the first time, we use simulation models to investigate the possible role of recombination suppression and hybrid breakdown in generating this pattern. We also consider epistasis and selective sweeps as explanations for isolated chromosomal regions away from the centromere showing differentiation between the races. Hybrid breakdown alone is the simplest explanation for the decay in genetic differentiation with distance from the centromere. Robertsonian fusions/whole-arm reciprocal translocations are common chromosomal rearrangements characterizing both closely related species and races within species, and this fine-scale empirical analysis suggests that the unfitness associated with these rearrangements in the heterozygous state may contribute to the speciation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel D Giménez
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
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Shchipanov NA, vlova SVP. Contact zones and ranges of chromosomal races of the common Shrew,Sorex araneus, in north-eastern European Russia. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2013. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v62.i1.a4.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay A. Shchipanov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninskiy pr., 119071 Moscow, Russia;,
| | - Svetlana V. Pa vlova
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninskiy pr., 119071 Moscow, Russia;,
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22
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Perez GCL, Libois R, Nieberding CM. Phylogeography of the garden dormouseEliomys quercinusin the western Palearctic region. J Mammal 2013. [DOI: 10.1644/11-mamm-a-404.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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23
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Matveevsky SN, Pavlova SV, Maret M. Acaeva, Oxana L. Kolomiets. Synaptonemal complex analysis of interracial hybrids between the Moscow and Neroosa chromosomal races of the common shrew Sorex araneus showing regular formation of a complex meiotic configuration (ring-of-four). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2012; 6:301-14. [PMID: 24260670 PMCID: PMC3833805 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v6i3.3701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2023]
Abstract
Immunocytochemical and electron microscopic analysis of synaptonemal complexes (SCs) was carried out for the first time in homozygotes and complex Robertsonian heterozygotes (hybrids) of the common shrew, Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758, from a newly discovered hybrid zone between the Moscow and the Neroosa chromosomal races. These races differ in four monobrachial homologous metacentrics, and closed SC tetravalent is expected to be formed in meiosis of a hybrid. Indeed, such a multivalent was found at meiotic prophase I in hybrids. Interactions between multivalent and both autosomes and/or the sex chromosomes were observed. For the first time we have used immunocytochemical techniques to analyse asynapsis in Sorex araneus and show that the multivalent pairs in an orderly fashion with complete synapsis. Despite some signs of spermatocytes arrested in the meiotic prophase I, hybrids had large number of active sperm. Thus, Moscow - Neroosa hybrid males that form a ring-of-four meiotic configuration are most likely not sterile. Our results support previous demonstrations that monobrachial homology of metacentrics of the common shrew does not lead to complete reproductive isolation between parapatric chromosomal races of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey N. Matveevsky
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkin str. 3, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Svetlana V. Pavlova
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Maret M. Acaeva
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkin str. 3, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Chehen State University, A. Sheripov str. 32, Grozny 364051, Chechen Republic, Russia
| | - Oxana L. Kolomiets
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkin str. 3, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Orlov VN, Borisov YM, Cherepanova EV, Grigor’eva OO, Shestak AG, Sycheva VB. Narrow hybrid zone between Moscow and Western Dvina chromosomal races and specific features of population isolation in common shrew Sorex araneus (Mammalia). RUSS J GENET+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795412010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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