Nagaraju K, Misra S, Saraswat S, Choudhary N, Masih B, Ramesh V, Naik S. High prevalence of HBV infectivity in blood donors detected by the dot blot hybridisation assay.
Vox Sang 1994;
67:183-6. [PMID:
7801609 DOI:
10.1111/j.1423-0410.1994.tb01656.x]
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Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to be a significant cause for post-transfusion hepatitis in India, in spite of the introduction of compulsory hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening. To understand the true HBV-infective pool in the blood donor population, HBV DNA was detected by a 32P-labelled dot blot hybridisation assay in 605 donor units that were negative for HBsAg by a third-generation Elisa. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was estimated in all these samples and correlated with DNA positivity. The frequency of HBV DNA positivity in HBsAg-negative units was very high (9.91%) and correlated well with the elevation in ALT (p < 0.00005). However, the frequency of elevated ALT was high (11.9%), using the locally determined upper limit of normal, and half of the DNA-positive samples had a normal ALT. Thus, ALT is a poor surrogate marker for HBV infectivity and efforts should be made to apply DNA detection systems in blood banks.
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