Zur therapeutischen Wirksamkeit von Tetracyclin HCl und Sulfaquinoxalin/Trimethoprim bei der Puten-Bordetellose

Antimicrobial sensitivity testing of Australian isolates of Bordetella avium and the Bordetella avium-like organism

The in-vitro sensitivity of 16 Australian isolates of Bordetella avium and 15 isolates of B avium-like organism to 11 antimicrobial agents or combinations of agents was determined using a microtitre plate system to establish minimal inhibitory concentrations. All the B avium isolates were sensitive to ampicillin but resistant to erythromycin, lincomycin, spectinomycin, sulphamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and lincomycin + spectinomycin. Most of the B avium isolates were sensitive to tetracycline and resistant to streptomycin and sulphadiazine. All the B avium-like isolates were resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin, lincomycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and lincomycin+spectinomycin. Most B avium-like isolates were sensitive to sulphadiazine, sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.

Passive immunisation of turkey poults against turkey coryza (bordetellosis) by vaccination of parent breeders

Seventy turkey parent breeders were vaccinated subcutaneously at 24 and 28 weeks of age with a bacterin consisting of equal parts of a heat-inactivated suspension of the coryza producing Bordetella-like strain IPDH 591-77 and Freund's complete adjuvant. One group of 70 breeder hens served as un-vaccinated controls. Two and 3.5 months after the second vaccination eggs were collected and incubated. After hatching, 3-day-old poults from vaccinated and unvaccinated hens were challenged by direct-contact exposure to artificially infected poults. The results of clinical, cultural and histopathological examinations indicated that the majority of the progeny of vaccinated turkey breeder hens was protected against infection with the bacterial turkey coryza agent within the first 10 to 17 days after hatching. Agglutinating antibodies against the turkey coryza agent could be detected in vaccinated hens as well as in their progeny.

[Immunisation of turkey poults against bordetellosis with an adjuvant vaccine]

Turkey poults obtained from a commercial source were vaccinated with a water-in-mineral oil vaccine consisting of one part complete Freund's adjuvant and one part of a watery suspension of heat-inactivated Bordetella (B.) bronchiseptica-like organisms. Birds of group A received one dose of vaccine at 4 days of age, group B received one vaccination at 4 days of age and a second vaccination at 27 days of age. The vaccine was injected subcutaneously at the base of the neck. A third group (C) of poults served as a non-vaccinated control and a fourth group (D) as a negative control. At the 41st day of age birds of groups A, B and C were challenged by infraorbital inoculation of viable virulent organisms. Eight days later all birds of groups A, B, C and D were killed and examined for pathological changes and samples from the respiratory tract were cultured for B. bronchiseptica-like organisms. The vaccine produced a reversible tissue reaction of an acceptable degree at the site of inoculation in approximately 30% of the birds after the first vaccination and in most of the birds after the second vaccination. The results of these experiments show that one vaccination at 4 days of age does not give a full protection. However, after two vaccinations full protection could be observed. The vaccine was also effective in increasing the clearance rate of B. bronchiseptica-like organisms from the trachea. Results of cultural examination 8 days post-challenge revealed the presence of viable organisms in 100% of the non-vaccinated birds but only in 50% of the poults immunised once and in only 25% of the birds immunised twice with the oil adjuvant vaccine. Both vaccination and challenge induced the production of agglutinating antibodies against the heat labile antigen of the Bordetella strains used.