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Schwartz IS, Govender NP, Sigler L, Jiang Y, Maphanga TG, Toplis B, Botha A, Dukik K, Hoving JC, Muñoz JF, de Hoog S, Cuomo CA, Colebunders R, Kenyon C. Emergomyces: The global rise of new dimorphic fungal pathogens. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007977. [PMID: 31536607 PMCID: PMC6752945 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ilan S. Schwartz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nelesh P. Govender
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Lynne Sigler
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tsidiso G. Maphanga
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
- University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
| | - Barbra Toplis
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Alfred Botha
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Karolina Dukik
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J. Claire Hoving
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Jose F. Muñoz
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sybren de Hoog
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Center of Expertise in Mycology of RadboudUMC/ Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christina A. Cuomo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Chris Kenyon
- Clinical Sciences Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
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Malik R, Capoor MR, Vanidassane I, Gogna A, Singh A, Sen B, Rudramurthy SM, Honnavar P, Gupta S, Chakrabarti A. Disseminated Emmonsia pasteuriana infection in India: a case report and a review. Mycoses 2015; 59:127-32. [PMID: 26647904 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report here the first case of disseminated Emmonsia pasteuriana infection in a patient with AIDS in India. The patient presented with weight loss, dyspnoea, left-sided chest pain and multiple non-tender skin lesions over face and body for 3 months. Disseminated emmonsiosis was diagnosed on microscopic examination and fungal culture of skin biopsy and needle aspirate of lung consolidation. It was confirmed by sequencing internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA, beta tubulin, actin, and intein PRP8. The patient responded to amphotericin B and itraconazole therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Malik
- Department of Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College (VMMC) and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Malini R Capoor
- Department of Microbiology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College (VMMC) and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ilavarasi Vanidassane
- Department of Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College (VMMC) and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Gogna
- Department of Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College (VMMC) and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Avninder Singh
- National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Biswajit Sen
- National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Shivaprakash M Rudramurthy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Prasanna Honnavar
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunita Gupta
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Arunaloke Chakrabarti
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Schwartz IS, Kenyon C, Feng P, Govender NP, Dukik K, Sigler L, Jiang Y, Stielow JB, Muñoz JF, Cuomo CA, Botha A, Stchigel AM, de Hoog GS. 50 Years of Emmonsia Disease in Humans: The Dramatic Emergence of a Cluster of Novel Fungal Pathogens. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005198. [PMID: 26584311 PMCID: PMC4652914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ilan S. Schwartz
- International Health Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Chris Kenyon
- Sexually Transmitted Infection Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Peiying Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nelesh P. Govender
- University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Karolina Dukik
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lynne Sigler
- University of Alberta Microfungus Collection and Herbarium, Devonian Botanic Garden, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | | | - José F. Muñoz
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Unit, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Medellín, Colombia
- Institute of Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Christina A. Cuomo
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alfred Botha
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Alberto M. Stchigel
- Mycology Unit, Medical School & Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - G. Sybren de Hoog
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Schwartz IS, Govender NP, Corcoran C, Dlamini S, Prozesky H, Burton R, Mendelson M, Taljaard J, Lehloenya R, Calligaro G, Colebunders R, Kenyon C. Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes of Disseminated Emmonsiosis: A Retrospective Case Series. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 61:1004-12. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
Fungal infections are becoming more frequent because of expansion of at-risk populations and the use of treatment modalities that permit longer survival of these patients. Because histopathologic examination of tissues detects fungal invasion of tissues and vessels as well as the host reaction to the fungus, it is and will remain an important tool to define the diagnostic significance of positive culture isolates or results from PCR testing. However, there are very few instances where the morphological characteristics of fungi are specific. Therefore, histopathologic diagnosis should be primarily descriptive of the fungus and should include the presence or absence of tissue invasion and the host reaction to the infection. The pathology report should also include a comment stating the most frequent fungi associated with that morphology as well as other possible fungi and parasites that should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Alternate techniques have been used to determine the specific agent present in the histopathologic specimen, including immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and PCR. In addition, techniques such as laser microdissection will be useful to detect the now more frequently recognized dual fungal infections and the local environment in which this phenomenon occurs.
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