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Cavalieri J, Das S. Modification of a GnRH-based system to synchronise oestrus in Bos indicus cattle improves pregnancy rates to AI in heifers but not cows. Aust Vet J 2022; 100:162-171. [PMID: 35107174 PMCID: PMC9306618 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate if modification of a gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) based protocol to synchronise oestrus in Bos indicus cattle will improve response rates to the first administration of GnRH and improve pregnancy rates to artificial insemination (AI). Design Randomised control study. Methods Bos indicus heifers, nonlactating and lactating cows allocated to a GnRH‐18 treatment (n = 237) were treated with an intravaginal device (IVD) and cloprostenol (0.5 mg IM) on day −11 and on day 0 remaining animals in the GnRH‐7 treatment (n = 222) were administered an IVD and every animal was treated with GnRH (100 μg IM). On day 7, equine chorionic gonadotrophin (400 IU IM) and cloprostenol were administered and IVD's were removed. Animals detected in oestrus on day 9 were artificially inseminated while those not detected in oestrus were administered GnRH (100 μg IM) at 1700 hours and inseminated on day 10. Bulls were inserted 2 weeks after completion of AI and remained until day 65. Results The GnRH‐18 protocol increased the diameter of the largest follicle in the ovary on day 0, increased the percentage of new CL's induced after day 0 (46.3% vs 36.1%, for GnRH‐18 and GnRH‐7; P = 0.022), decreased circulating concentrations of progesterone on day 7 and increased odds of pregnancy to AI in heifers but not in nonlactating and lactating cows. Conclusion Treatment with the GnRH‐18 compared to the GnRH‐7 protocol increased pregnancy rates to AI in heifers but not in nonlactating or lactating cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cavalieri
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - S Das
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
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E Silva LO, Valenza A, Alves RLOR, Silvestri M, Contini MC, Motta JCL, Drum JN, de Souza AH, Sartori R. Progesterone release profile and follicular development in Nelore cows receiving intravaginal progesterone devices. Theriogenology 2022; 178:77-84. [PMID: 34801768 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the progesterone (P4) release profile provided by four commercially available intravaginal P4 devices, as well as the effect of circulating P4 concentrations exclusively from these devices on the development of the dominant follicle (DF) in Nelore (Bos indicus) cows. Therefore, non-lactating multiparous Nelore cows were enrolled in an experimental design, over three replicates, starting on Day -9 with the insertion of a reused P4 device (2 g - original P4 load) for 7 d, followed by two treatments of cloprostenol sodium (PGF; 0.482 mg), 24 h apart, on Days -3 and -2. Just before device removal, on Day -2, a norgestomet ear implant was inserted and, 2 d later (Day 0), at the time of norgestomet withdrawal, cows were randomly assigned to receive one of the intravaginal devices: Primer (0.5 g); Prociclar (0.75 g); Sincrogest (1 g); or CIDR (1.9 g), and 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB) im. Blood samples were collected immediately before P4 device insertion, 12 h later and daily over 15 d (1 d after P4 device removal). Ultrasound examinations were performed on Days 0, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, and 14 to evaluate ovarian dynamics. Results are presented as mean ± SEM and differences were considered when P ≤ 0.05. Overall, the devices resulted in distinct circulating P4 concentrations over 10 d, varying according to their initial P4 load and P4 impregnated surface area. Primer provided the lowest circulating P4 concentrations over time, whereas, CIDR had the greatest concentration. Sincrogest and Prociclar were similar, producing intermediary circulating P4. There was no effect of treatment on the DF diameter on any specific day, nor on follicular growth rate from Day 7-10. However, the Primer device resulted in a greater mean DF diameter over time. Additionally, greater circulating P4 concentrations, mainly during the first 3 d of device insertion, were associated with smaller DF diameters regardless of the treatment. In conclusion, results from this study provided a better understanding of the P4 profile of intravaginal P4 devices, as well as, their effect on DF development in Bos indicus cows. These data contribute to optimize the use of P4 devices in the reproductive management of beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Oliveira E Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Jéssica Cristina Lemos Motta
- Department of Animal Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Nora Drum
- Department of Animal Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Sartori
- Department of Animal Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
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Cavalieri J. Absence of a corpus luteum and relatively lesser concentrations of progesterone during the period of pre-ovulatory follicle emergence results in lesser pregnancy rates in Bos indicus cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 204:39-49. [PMID: 30853120 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Concentrations of progesterone before AI have had variable effects on fertility in both Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle. The aim of this study was to determine if fertility and concentrations of progesterone after AI were affected in Bos indicus females when pre-ovulatory follicles develop in the absence or presence of a corpus luteum (CL). Between 6.5-7.5 days after a synchronised oestrus, all follicles ≥4 mm in diameter were aspirated (Day 0) and cloprostenol was administered on Days 0 and 1 (LP4, n = 36) or on Days 4 and 5 (HP4, n = 40). Animals were inseminated on detection of oestrus until Day 9. Breeding continued using natural mating between Days 9 and 19, AI on detection of oestrus between Day 19 and 29 and natural mating between Days 29-90. Mean concentrations of progesterone were less on Days 2-4 in the LP4 compared to the HP4-treated animals but similar on Days 14 and 20. In the LP4- compared to the HP4-treated animals, the odds of being detected in oestrus and ovulating close to the first AI were similar, but odds of pregnancy to first AI (OR = 0.19, 95% CI 0.07 - 0.52) and after 1, 4 and 13 weeks of breeding were less (P ≤ 0.051). Absence of a CL and relatively lesser concentrations of progesterone during emergence of pre-ovulatory follicles resulted in lesser pregnancy rates to AI in Bos indicus cattle but did not affect concentrations of P4 after ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Cavalieri
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Qld 4811, Australia.
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Cavalieri J, Gaina C, Hepworth G. Randomised controlled trial of the effect of concentration of progesterone before artificial insemination on fertility in ovulatory and anovulatory Bos indicus
cattle. Aust Vet J 2018; 96:346-355. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Cavalieri
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences; James Cook University; Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
| | - C Gaina
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences; James Cook University; Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
| | - G Hepworth
- The Statistical Consulting Centre; The University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria Australia
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Butler SAA, Phillips NJ, Boe-Hansen GB, Bo GA, Burns BM, Dawson K, McGowan MR. Animal-level factors affecting ovarian function in Bos indicus heifers treated to synchronize ovulation with intravaginal progesterone-releasing devices and oestradiol benzoate. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47:463-71. [PMID: 22497623 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01905.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to investigate the impact of animal-level factors including energy balance and environmental/management stress, on the ovarian function of Bos indicus heifers treated to synchronize ovulation. Two-year-old Brahman (BN) (n = 30) and BN-cross (n = 34) heifers were randomly allocated to three intravaginal progesterone-releasing device (IPRD) treatment groups: (i) standard-dose IPRD [Cue-Mate(®) (CM) 1.56 g; n = 17]; (ii) half-dose IPRD [0.78 g progesterone (P(4)); CM 0.78 g; n = 15]; (iii) half-dose IPRD + 300 IU equine chorionic gonadotrophin at IPRD removal (CM 0.78 g + G; n = 14); (iv) and a control group, 2× PGF(2α) [500 μg prostaglandin F(2α) (PGF(2α))] on Day -16 and -2 (n = 18). Intravaginal progesterone-releasing device-treated heifers received 250 μg PGF(2α) at IPRD insertion (Day -10) and IPRD removal (Day -2) and 1 mg oestradiol benzoate on Day -10 and -1. Heifers were managed in a small feedlot and fed a defined ration. Ovarian function was evaluated by ultrasonography and plasma P(4) throughout the synchronized and return cycles. Energy balance was evaluated using plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) and glucose concentrations. The impact of environmental stressors was evaluated using plasma cortisol concentration. Heifers that had normal ovarian function had significantly higher IGF-I concentrations at commencement of the experiment (p = 0.008) and significantly higher plasma glucose concentrations at Day -2 (p = 0.040) and Day 4 (p = 0.043), than heifers with abnormal ovarian function. There was no difference between the mean pre-ovulatory cortisol concentrations of heifers that ovulated or did not ovulate. However, heifers that ovulated had higher cortisol concentrations at Day 4 (p = 0.056) and 6 (p = 0.026) after ovulation than heifers that did not ovulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A A Butler
- The School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, Australia.
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Butler S, Phillips N, Boe-Hansen G, Bo G, Burns B, Dawson K, McGowan M. Ovarian responses in Bos indicus heifers treated to synchronise ovulation with intravaginal progesterone releasing devices, oestradiol benzoate, prostaglandin F2α and equine chorionic gonadotrophin. Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 129:118-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pregnancy rates after fixed-time artificial insemination of Brahman heifers treated to synchronize ovulation with low-dose intravaginal progesterone releasing devices, with or without eCG. Theriogenology 2011; 76:1416-23. [PMID: 21798584 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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