Giant epignathus with intracranial teratoma in a newborn infant

Epignathus with oropharynx destruction

Epignathus, is a rare oropharyngeal teratoma arising from the head and neck region. Sporadic cases have been described with associated intracerebral teratoma. Even more infrequent and extraordinary is the circumstance of a teratoma with oropharynx destruction. We describe the case of a fetus with pharyngeal mass that completely destroyed the oral cavity. The histological examination revealed an immature teratoma (G3); only one other G3 case has been described.

Congenital brain tumors: diagnostic pitfalls and therapeutic interventions

Congenital brain tumors are rare, accounting for 0.5% to 4% of all pediatric brain tumors. A 10-year retrospective study based on autopsy and neurosurgical clinical reports with a diagnosis of congenital/fetal/neonatal brain tumor identified 6 cases. Four cases were diagnosed antenatally by neuroradiology. Clinical outcomes in 5 cases resulted in death; 1 patient with choroid plexus papilloma underwent successful resection of the tumor and is still alive. Tumor pathologies consisted of 2 teratomas, 2 choroid plexus papillomas, 1 gemistocytic astrocytoma, and 1 glioblastoma multiforme. A literature review of all fetal cases specific to the pathologies presented in this series was also performed. Relative to the literature, this series contains a rare case of congenital gemistocytic astrocytoma. This series further sheds light on the diagnostic, histological, prognostic, and therapeutic differences between congenital brain tumors and tumors of the same pathology in older pediatric and adult populations.

Giant intracranial teratoma with epignathus in a neonate. Case report and review of the literature

Epignathus, a congenital oropharyngeal teratoma, is a rare clinical entity with variable clinical outcomes described in the literature. Even fewer cases of epignathus with intracranial extension have been reported, all with poor outcomes. In this manuscript, the authors present a case of epignathus with intracranial extension, emphasizing clinical presentation, imaging findings, a staged surgical approach, multidisciplinary management, and outcome.

Second trimester prenatal diagnosis of epignathus teratoma in ring X chromosome mosaicism with inactive ring X chromosome

We report the second trimester prenatal echographic diagnosis of an epignathus teratoma in a female fetus with ring X chromosome mosaicism. The ring X chromosome mosaicism was present in the amniotic cell culture and in the teratoma and the ring X was inactive (X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) locus expressed). Hypoplastic left heart with valvular aortic stenosis and non-immune hydrops were additional findings, and are well-documented in Turner syndrome. The occurrence of epignathus teratoma in Turner syndrome has not been documented sofar.

Nasopharyngeal teratoma and mosaic tetrasomy 1q detected at amniocentesis. A case report and review of the literature

The occurrence of nasopharyngeal teratomas (NPT) is an infrequent event and prenatal detection of such tumors is even rarer. We present a case report and review of the literature (N = 78 cases), in which we describe the cytogenetic, DNA, and pathological findings of a fetus with a mature NPT which was detected prenatally by ultrasound investigation following complaints of severe polyhydramnios by the mother.

Oral teratoma (epignathus) with intracranial extension: a report of two cases

Epignathi are unusual congenital tumours presenting as oropharyngeal masses, often resulting in rapid asphyxia following birth. Occasionally, intracranial extension of the tumour is present, and two such cases are described. The presence of this complication, diagnosable by ultrasound examination, indicates that aggressive surgical treatment is inappropriate.