1
|
Di Brizzi EV, Ficca G, Piccolo V, Scharf C, Briatico G, Pellerone S, Argenziano G. Dermatitis Artefacta: A Retrospective Descriptive Study on 46 Patients. Dermatol Pract Concept 2024; 14:dpc.1402a53. [PMID: 38810059 PMCID: PMC11135944 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1402a53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Self-induced dermatoses are self-inflicted skin lesions, whose occurrence patient denies responsibility for. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate all the clinical records of dermatitis artefacta (DA) in order to put special focus on: a) epidemiological aspects; b) location, shape and additional features of the lesions; c) availability of psychiatric details in the records. METHODS A retrospective observational descriptive study on 46 patients affected by dermatitis artefacta was conducted from January 2015 to March 2021. The only inclusion criterion was clinical or histological diagnosis of DA in patients for which we had clinical images. RESULTS The most frequent type of lesions were erosions/excoriations and ulcers (14/46, 30.4% and 13/46, 28.3% respectively) followed by ecchymoses (9/46, 19.5%), vasculitis-like lesions (5/46, 10.9%), crusted plaques (3/46, 6.5%), scales (1/46, 2.2%) and erythema (1/46, 2.2%). Thirty-three percent of the medical records generically referred to the presence of psychiatric disorder, but none of them included a specific psychiatric diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS In our study the main dermatologic lesions observed in DA were represented by excoriations and ulcers and that the shape and location of the lesions are essential for a correct diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gianluca Ficca
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Piccolo
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Camila Scharf
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Briatico
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nemeh MN, Hogeling M. Pediatric skin picking disorder: A review of management. Pediatr Dermatol 2022; 39:363-368. [PMID: 35194832 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Skin picking disorder (SPD) commonly presents in childhood; often, families will first turn to dermatologists for evaluation. It is imperative that dermatologists accurately diagnose and treat the disorder as children are vulnerable to face significant negative psychosocial impacts. This article reviews the limited literature on the management of SPD in pediatric patients to better prepare dermatologists for educating families and recommending treatment options. We discuss studies evaluating behavioral and pharmacologic therapies, as well as emerging skin barrier treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Nemeh
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Marcia Hogeling
- Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shah R, Jamgochian M, Haroon A, Pappert A, Miller J. A 14-year-old with dermatitis artefacta secondary to aerosolized spray deodorant: A rare case with an important learning opportunity. JAAD Case Rep 2021; 19:71-73. [PMID: 34917729 PMCID: PMC8669259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Shah
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | | | - Attiya Haroon
- Center for Dermatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Somerset, New Jersey
| | - Amy Pappert
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Jason Miller
- Center for Dermatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Somerset, New Jersey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dermatillomania: Strategies for Developing Protective Biomaterials/Cloth. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030341. [PMID: 33808008 PMCID: PMC8001957 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermatillomania or skin picking disorder (SPD) is a chronic, recurrent, and treatment resistant neuropsychiatric disorder with an underestimated prevalence that has a concerning negative impact on an individual’s health and quality of life. The current treatment strategies focus on behavioral and pharmacological therapies that are not very effective. Thus, the primary objective of this review is to provide an introduction to SPD and discuss its current treatment strategies as well as to propose biomaterial-based physical barrier strategies as a supporting or alternative treatment. To this end, searches were conducted within the PubMed database and Google Scholar, and the results obtained were organized and presented as per the following categories: prevalence, etiology, consequences, diagnostic criteria, and treatment strategies. Furthermore, special attention was provided to alternative treatment strategies and biomaterial-based physical treatment strategies. A total of six products with the potential to be applied as physical barrier strategies in supporting SPD treatment were shortlisted and discussed. The results indicated that SPD is a complex, underestimated, and underemphasized neuropsychiatric disorder that needs heightened attention, especially with regard to its treatment and care. Moreover, the high synergistic potential of biomaterials and nanosystems in this area remains to be explored. Certain strategies that are already being utilized for wound healing can also be further exploited, particularly as far as the prevention of infections is concerned.
Collapse
|
5
|
Miniksar DY, Özcan ÖÖ, Cenk H, Kapıcıoğlu Y, Polat A. Psychiatric morbidity in children and adolescents with dermatological disorders. Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol 2021; 9:1-8. [PMID: 33928048 PMCID: PMC8077433 DOI: 10.21307/sjcapp-2021-001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Understanding the existence of a cycle, where psychological disturbances cause skin diseases and in turn, skin diseases cause psychological disorders, provides the basis for good dermatological practice. Objective: The aim of this case-control study is to examine the psychiatric morbidity of dermatological disorders in children and adolescents with no history of psychiatric disorders. Method: In this study, 502 participants (251 patients and 251 healthy individuals) were evaluated according to DSM-IV criteria. All participants were interviewed and evaluated using the Turkish version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia – Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-1 and STAI-2), the Childhood Depression Inventory (CDI), adolescent and parent forms of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-A and SDQ-P) and a questionnaire evaluating child’s level of school success. Results: Our results indicated that the rates of general psychiatric comorbidity, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and adjustment disorders were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group. The CDI, STAI-1, STAI-2, and SDQ (and subscales) scores were significantly higher in the study group. Moreover, psychiatric comorbidity was higher in inflammatory and allergic dermatoses compared to other dermatological subgroups. Having a dermatological disease restricts physical activity thus increasing the risk of psychiatric comorbidity. Conclusions: Investigating the education, attitudes, and awareness of dermatologists about psychocutaneous disorders might contribute to the development of new educational strategies and elicit appropriate biopsychosocial approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Özlem Özel Özcan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Hülya Cenk
- Department of Dermatology, Malatya Training and Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey
| | | | - Ayşegül Polat
- Department of Dermatology, Sultan 1. Murat State Hospital, Edirne, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Torales J, García O, Barrios I, O'Higgins M, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Ventriglio A, Jafferany M. Delusional infestation: Clinical presentations, diagnosis, and management. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 19:3183-3188. [PMID: 33098221 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delusional infestation is a primary psychiatric disorder characterized by a somatic-type delusional disorder (primary delusional infestation) that may lead to self-induced cutaneous lesions which are often difficult to recognize and treat properly. It may be also secondary to other psychiatric disorders, medical diseases, or substance abuse. AIMS This review will describe prevalence, common clinical features, different clinical presentations, differential diagnoses, and treatment recommendation. Special focus has been put on psychological aspects. METHODS We conducted a literature search on PubMed from January 2001 to June 2020 with the search terms of delusional parasitosis, delusional infestation, psychological, Reference lists of identified articles were examined for further relevant studies. The search was limited to English language articles. No specified quality criteria were used for study inclusion. RESULTS The clinical manifestations of delusional infestation are very important in the differential diagnosis and its psychological implications and management perspectives. CONCLUSION This article presents an update regarding the clinical aspects and treatment options of delusional infestation in order to provide an up-to-date review for dermatologists and general practitioners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julio Torales
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Oscar García
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Iván Barrios
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Marcelo O'Higgins
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, Fundação do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Mohammad Jafferany
- Department of Psychiatry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Delusional parasitosis. A multicenter retrospective study in Spanish infectious disease services. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2020; 39:223-228. [PMID: 33010962 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Delusional parasitosis or Ekbom syndrome is a condition described mainly in the fields of psychiatry and dermatology, with a complex diagnostic and therapeutic approach. However, it is uncommon to assess patients with this disease in infectious disease units. The objective of this work is to describe the experience of three infectious diseases departments with respect to this entity. METHODS A retrospective descriptive study of 20 patients diagnosed with delusional parasitosis in three Infectious Diseases Services was performed between 2003 and 2017. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 54 years, with a female/male ratio of 1.5:1. In 9 patients, an endoparasitic delirium (mainly digestive) was described, in 5 an ectoparasitic form was described, and in the remaining 6, a mixed form was described. Fourteen patients presented some type of psychiatric disorder. Four patients had alcohol or drug abuse disorder. All patients had made consultations to other specialties with a median of three per patient (range 1-7). Ten patients received "empirical" antiparasitic treatment and 8 received some type of psychopharmaceutical treatment. The evolution was very variable: in 3 patients, the delusional parasitosis was resolved; in 9 patients, the clinical manifestations persisted, and the remaining patients were lost to follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Ekbom syndrome is a common process in infectious diseases, presenting some differences with other series evaluated by dermatologists and psychiatrists. Management of this disease should promote a multidisciplinary approach to enable a joint treatment, thus optimizing patient management and therapeutic adherence.
Collapse
|
8
|
Torales J, Díaz NR, Barrios I, Navarro R, García O, O'Higgins M, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Ventriglio A, Jafferany M. Psychodermatology of skin picking (excoriation disorder): A comprehensive review. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13661. [PMID: 32447793 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Excoriation disorder (ED) is a primary psychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent skin picking, which may lead to self-induced cutaneous lesions and significant distress or functional impairment. The affected patient is aware of his/her self-destructive behavior but feels unable to give up this habit, despite having made repeated attempts to decrease or stop it. ED is a relatively frequent disorder, of notable heterogeneity and phenomenological complexity, accompanied by significant emotional and physical consequences. Therefore, further research is necessary to enhance the knowledge on its clinical manifestations, epidemiology, and comorbidities. This article presents an update regarding the etiopathogenesis, clinical aspects, and treatment options of ED to provide an up-to-date review for psychiatrists, dermatologists, and general practitioners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julio Torales
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Noelia Ruiz Díaz
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Iván Barrios
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Rodrigo Navarro
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Oscar García
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Marcelo O'Higgins
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, Fundação do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Mohammad Jafferany
- Department of Psychiatry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mento C, Rizzo A, Muscatello MRA, Zoccali RA, Bruno A. Negative Emotions in Skin Disorders: A Systematic Review. Int J Psychol Res (Medellin) 2020; 13:71-86. [PMID: 32952965 PMCID: PMC7498125 DOI: 10.21500/20112084.4078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to describe how negative emotions were investigated in the sphere of dermatological diseases, in order (1) to summarize literature trends about skin disorders and emotions, (2) to highlight any imbalances between the most studied and neglected emotions, (3) and to offer directions for future research. A computerized literature search provided 41 relevant and potentially eligible studies. Results showed that the study of emotions in skin disease is limited to Sadness/depression and Fear/anxiety. The emotions of Anger and Disgust have been poorly explored in empirical studies, despite they could be theoretically considered a vulnerability factor for the development of skin disorders and the dermatological extreme consequences, as negative emotionality toward self and the pathological skin condition. The bibliometric qualitative analysis with VOSViewer software revealed that the majority of the studies have been focused on the relationships between vitiligo and Sadness/depression, dermatitis and Fear/anxiety, psoriasis, and Anger, suggesting the need of future research exploring Disgust and, in general, a wider emotional spectrum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Mento
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Psychological, Educational and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, Italy. Università degli Studi di Messina University of Messina Italy
| | - Amelia Rizzo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy. Università degli Studi di Messina University of Messina Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy. Università degli Studi di Messina University of Messina Italy
| | - Rocco Antonio Zoccali
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy. Università degli Studi di Messina University of Messina Italy
| | - Antonio Bruno
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy. Università degli Studi di Messina University of Messina Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dermatitis artefacta mimicking cutaneous vasculitis: case report and literature overview. Reumatologia 2019; 57:106-108. [PMID: 31130749 PMCID: PMC6532111 DOI: 10.5114/reum.2019.84816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 31-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of anxiety disorder presented with chronic ulcerative lesions of the skin in arms and legs, treated initially as cutaneous vasculitis, evolving with relapsing during corticosteroid tapering, was diagnosed, after thorough investigation and no organic disease found, with dermatitis artefacta – a self-inflicted harm due to psychological disorders. Dermatitis artefacta is a rare condition, more frequent in women, in which traumatic skin lesions are caused by the patient him/herself, over accessible parts of the body, due to personality disorders. Clinicians should be aware of this alternative aetiology, especially as a differential diagnosis for refractory cutaneous vasculitis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Olisova OY, Snarskaya ES, Smirnova LM, Grabovskaya O, Anpilogova EM. Dermatitis artefacta: self-inflicted genital injury. Int Med Case Rep J 2019; 12:71-73. [PMID: 30936755 PMCID: PMC6429999 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s192522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The term dermatitis artefacta (factitious dermatitis, pathomimia) is reserved for the most severe variant of factitious physical disorder and is characterized by exaggerated lying (pseudologia fantastica), sociopathy, geographic wandering (peregrinating) from hospital to hospital, and seeking to be in the patient role. Objective This report aims to give attention to the importance of accurate and detailed history, and conducting an appropriate physical examination in patients with life-threatening diseases when the underlying cause is not apparent. The diagnosis of dermatitis artefacta must always be upheld. Case presentation We present a unique case of a 52-year-old male who presented to clinic with skin lesions on scrotum and shaft of his penis and that were very distinct and suggestive of pyoderma gangrenosum which he developed 3 months after previous discharge from the clinic. Clinical response to treatment and the absence of laboratory findings confirmed a dermatitis artefacta. Conclusion Dermatitis artefacta is a factitious disorder that involves falsification of psychological or physical signs or symptoms caused entirely by the patients themselves, in a clear state of consciousness, in order to play the role of a sick person. The correlation of anamnestic data and clinical and para-clinical exams was essential for the diagnosis of dermatitis artefacta in this case. To the best of our knowledge, pyoderma gangrenosum-like lesions have never been reported in a patient with dermatitis artefacta. Herein, we describe a rare case report of self-inflicted genital injury in a 52-year-old male.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Yu Olisova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia,
| | - E S Snarskaya
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia,
| | - L M Smirnova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia,
| | - O Grabovskaya
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia,
| | - E M Anpilogova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
A Case Report of Morgellons Disease. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ijpbs.9170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
13
|
An Unusual Blistering Disorder: Answer. Am J Dermatopathol 2017; 39:230-231. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
14
|
Chatterjee SS, Mitra S. Dermatitis Artefacta Mimicking Borderline Personality Disorder: Sometimes, Skin Could Be Misleading. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 14:311-3. [PMID: 27489388 PMCID: PMC4977810 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2016.14.3.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dermatitis artefacta lies in a gray zone, between the specialities of psychiatry and dermatology. The condition could mimic a number of other lesions and therefore is a source of much confusion in clinical practice. Here, we describe a case of dermatitis artefacta in an 11-years old girl, which resembled self-harming behavior in Borderline personality disorder. We then discuss how the two could be differentiated and why this becomes imperative while dealing with such cases.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Many mental and emotional disorders have some variations of physical manifestations that are often the first definitive sign of disease. One such disorder is excoriation (skin-picking) disorder, also known as dermatillomania, acne excoriée, neurotic excoriation, or psychogenic excoriation. First identified in the dermatologic literature in 1920, excoriation disorder involves repetitive scratching behavior that sometimes accompanies pruritus and is often associated with depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. In the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition, excoriation or skin-picking disorder is listed as a stand-alone disorder associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder. In certain patients, the skin lesions are shallow and have adherent crusts that can be mistaken for acne. These lesions, once healed, may appear white and partially atrophic. Because these patients often initially present to dermatologists or plastic surgeons for their skin conditions rather than to psychiatric professionals, it is important to recognize the salient diagnostic features and to acknowledge the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to patient care and management. We present a case of a 51-year-old woman with excoriation disorder who required medical management by dermatology, neurosurgery, psychiatry, and plastic surgery for a definitive surgical treatment.
Collapse
|
16
|
Al-Imam AML. A systematic literature review on delusional parasitosis. JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY & DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdds.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
17
|
Munoz H, Bayona L. [Ekbom syndrome: apropos of a case]. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE PSIQUIATRIA 2015; 44:61-65. [PMID: 26578220 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Ekbom syndrome or delusional parasitosis is an uncommon psychiatric condition, in which the main symptom is the delusion of being infested with living organisms such as parasites, bacteria, virus, bugs or worms. The case is presented of a 34 year-old man with symptoms compatible with the syndrome. The available literature is briefly reviewed and theoretical correlation with clinical symptomatology is made. The patient had a primary and mixed Ekbom syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harold Munoz
- Médico especialista en Psiquiatría, Profesor asistente, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Liliana Bayona
- Médico Residente II de Psiquiatría, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ring HC, Miller IM, Benfeldt E, Jemec GB. Artefactual skin lesions in children and adolescents: review of the literature and two cases of factitious purpura. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:e27-32. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Christian Ring
- Department of Dermatology; Roskilde Hospital; Health Sciences Faculty; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Iben M. Miller
- Department of Dermatology; Roskilde Hospital; Health Sciences Faculty; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Eva Benfeldt
- Department of Dermatology; Roskilde Hospital; Health Sciences Faculty; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Gregor B.E. Jemec
- Department of Dermatology; Roskilde Hospital; Health Sciences Faculty; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dermatitis artefacta: revisión. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2013; 104:854-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
|
20
|
|
21
|
Pumar MI, Kumar R. Dermatitis artefacta in an intellectually disabled man with monosymptomatic hypochondriacal delusion of HIV infection. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2013; 47:974-5. [PMID: 23630394 DOI: 10.1177/0004867413488219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marsus Icaro Pumar
- 1Adult Mental Health Unit Team, Toowoomba Base Hospital, Darling Downs Health Service District, Toowoomba, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wojewoda K, Brenner J, Kąkol M, Naesström M, Cubała WJ, Kozicka D, Nowicki R, Sokołowska-Wojdyło M, Barańska-Rybak W. A cry for help, do not omit the signs. Dermatitis artefacta--psychiatric problems in dermatological diseases (a review of 5 cases). Med Sci Monit 2013; 18:CS85-9. [PMID: 23018360 PMCID: PMC3560551 DOI: 10.12659/msm.883474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dermatitis artefacta (DA) is a dermatologicopsychiatric illness that is a conscious self-infliction of lesions to accessible regions of the body. The lesions usually do not resemble those of any know skin disease and there are no specific diagnostic tests to recognize them. This makes dermatitis artefacta a very slow, challenging and expensive disease to diagnose. Case Report We present 5 different clinical cases of dermatitis artefacta treated in the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk in 2011. Detailed anamnesis and physical examination were performed at the day of admission. All patients had biochemical and hematological blood tests, skin biopsies and swabs for bacteriological examination, and photographs were taken. Psychiatric consultation was recommended in all cases. Clinical symptoms before diagnosis lasted from 1 to 10 years. The female-to-male ratio is 1:0.7, with age range of 57–62 years. Of our patients, only 2 refused a psychiatric consultation. Three out of 5 patients denied self-mutilation (2 of those 3 patients finally admitted to self-manipulations). Lesions were usually within the reach of the dominant hand. Two patients have other personality disorders. In 4/5 cases visible improvement after treatment with occlusive dressings were observed. Conclusions We discuss and attempt to depict issues associated with collaboration between dermatologists and psychiatrists, reasons for poor recognition of the disease, very long diagnosis and high costs. To conclude, we found that close collaboration between dermatologists and psychiatrists is important in diagnosing and treating DA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Wojewoda
- Student Scientific Association in Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Use of psychotropic drugs in dermatology: Unique perspectives of a dermatologist and a psychiatrist. Clin Dermatol 2013; 31:92-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
24
|
Delusional Parasitosis: A Rare Cause of Pruritus in Hemodialysis Patients. Int J Artif Organs 2012; 35:400-3. [PMID: 22476880 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Uremic pruritus is a common symptom in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis, but its exact pathogenesis remains rather unclear. However, severe or “intractable” pruritus may be the manifestation of another underlying disease or disorder other than uremia. Delusional parasitosis, or Ekbom syndrome, is a rare psychiatric disorder characterized by the false conviction of being infested with parasites, and it can be primary, or secondary to several medical and psychiatric disorders. We report 2 elderly HD patients who presented one after another, with delusional parasitosis. At some point in time, the delusional beliefs of the first patient were adopted by the second patient who was waiting to start his HD session on the same bed and HD machine, on a subsequent shift. They were both diagnosed with Ekbom syndrome and described as having monosymptomatic hypochondriac delusion. They were both prescribed antipsychotic medications. During follow-up they admitted feeling better than before; however, they remained concerned about the “insects/parasites.”
Collapse
|
25
|
Beccati M, Gallo MG, Chiavassa E, Peano A. A case of an apparent infestation by Proisotoma spp. springtails (Collembola: Isotomidae) in a cat. Vet Dermatol 2011; 23:157-61. [PMID: 22049948 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2011.01014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This case report is presumed to be the first case of infestation of a cat by springtails which are small arthropods closely related to insects. The organisms, found by skin scrapings, were identified as Proisotoma spp. (Collembola: Isotomidae). The cat presented with dermatological lesions (itchy, furfuraceous dermatitis), and we speculate that they were due to this infestation. The pathogenic role of the Collembola was hypothesized because of the large number of organisms, the presence of eggs indicating an active reproduction cycle, the lack of other pathogens (fleas, mites or lice) and the clinical recovery accompanied by the disappearance of Collembola following treatment. The owner seemed to be affected by the infestation, because a few days after having purchased the cat, she developed a pruriginous papular dermatitis on the neck and the arms, which disappeared shortly after treatment of the kitten and a careful washing of all of its toys and other accoutrements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Beccati
- Clinica Veterinaria Adda, Via Roma 3, 24042 Capriate S. Gervasio, Bergamo, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jacobi A, Bender A, Hertl M, König A. Bullous cryothermic dermatitis artefacta induced by deodorant spray abuse. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010; 25:978-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03861.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
27
|
Tzeng NS, Chiang CP. Delusional parasitosis in a patient with brain atrophy and renal failure treated with aripiprazole: case report. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2010; 34:1148-9. [PMID: 20576525 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|