1
|
Kosowski P. The Polish adaptation of the blood donation fears inventory. Transfus Apher Sci 2024; 63:103865. [PMID: 38160181 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2023.103865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Given the decline in the number of voluntary blood donors in Poland and the lack of psychological research on blood donors and the donation system in the country, there is a need to develop a tool to measure barriers to recruiting new donors and retaining active donors. One significant barrier is the presence of specific fears associated with the blood donation process. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to perform the Polish adaptation of the Blood Donation Fears Inventory (the BDFI). MATERIALS AND METHODS The Polish adaptation of the BDFI was developed and tested on a sample of 409 individuals, consisting of 194 (47.5%) voluntary blood donors and 214 (52.5%) non-donors. The original tool comprises an 18-item scale that measures four different types of fears related to the blood donation process: (1) Fear of Syncopal Symptoms, (2) Fear of Blood and Needles, (3) Fear of Social Evaluation, and (4) Fear of Health Screen Results. RESULTS To determine the psychometric properties of the scale, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (RMSEA =.098; CFI =.958; TLI =.935; SRMR =.035), second-order factor analysis (RMSEA =.097; CFI =.958; TLI =.936; SRMR =.036; NNFI =.936; NFI =.938), and bifactor analysis (RMSEA =.093; CFI =.969; TLI =.942; SRMR =.036; NNFI =.942; NFI =.952) were conducted. The reliability of the tool was assessed using Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega, resulting in high coefficients (ranging from.92 to.97) for each scale. Internal consistency was examined using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), while external consistency was examined using the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) and the Self-esteem Scale (SES). CONCLUSION Satisfactory results were obtained, establishing the Polish adaptation of the BDFI. This tool represents a novel contribution to the research on the blood donation system in Poland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kosowski
- John Kochanowski University of Kielce, Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Al-Assam H, Azzopardi C, McGarry S, Botchu R. Vasovagal reactions in ultrasound guided musculoskeletal injections: A study of 2,462 procedures. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2021; 24:101706. [PMID: 34840948 PMCID: PMC8605334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2021.101706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to determine the rate of the vasovagal reaction (VVR) in ultrasound guided musculoskeletal injections (USGIs) and to investigate effect of injection site, age, and gender on this rate. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective analysis of all USGIs performed from the 1st of January 2019 to the 31st of December 2019 in single tertiary orthopaedic hospital. Two thousand four hundred and sixty two consecutive subjects undergoing USGIs were included. Statistical analysis used to determine the rate of the overall VVR in USGIs and to determine if site of the injection or joint injected has an effect on this rate as well as age and gender effect. RESULTS Overall rate of VVR was 2.3% with shoulder and small joints of the hands and feet are more commonly affected than other sites. Females and patients aged younger than 65 years may be subjected to higher rate of VVR. CONCLUSIONS VVR has an overall low occurrence in USGI. The higher rate of VVR for shoulder and small joints of hands and feet procedures. Care should be taken when positioning a patient prior to the procedure to allow for a VVR in case it happens. VVR are more likely to occur in females and less likely in age more than 65 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - R. Botchu
- Corresponding author. Department of Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Birmingham, B21 3AP, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lorenz TK. Autonomic, endocrine, and psychological stress responses to different forms of blood draw. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257110. [PMID: 34478481 PMCID: PMC8415584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although fingerstick is often favorably compared to venipuncture as a less invasive method of drawing blood for clinical labs, there is little empirical research that compares physical and psychological stress responses to fingerstick vs. venipuncture (blood draw using a needle in the arm) within the same person. Methods and findings We assessed changes in cortisol (a stress hormone), heart rate variability (a marker of autonomic stress), and psychological stress in 40 healthy women who completed both venipuncture and fingerstick. Contrary to our predictions, there was a significant decline in cortisol across conditions, with greater decline from pre- to post-draw in response to venipuncture than fingerstick. There were similar patterns of rise and fall in heart rate variability in both types of blood draw, suggestive of mild vasovagal responses. Psychological measures of stress (such as negative emotion and perceived stress) were generally stronger predictors of participant’s reported pain and blood draw preferences than physical stress measures. Conclusions These findings challenge the characterization of fingerstick as necessarily “less invasive” than venipuncture, as participant’s stress responses to fingerstick were equivalent to (and for some measures greater than) their response to venipuncture. Heart rate variability response to fingerstick significantly predicted that individual’s vasovagal-like responses to venipuncture, suggesting that measuring heart rate variability during pre-donation hemoglobin testing may identify donors at risk for adverse events during venipuncture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tierney K. Lorenz
- Department of Psychology and Center for Brain, Biology and Behavior, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gilchrist PT, Thijsen A, Masser BM, France CR, Davison TE. Improving the donation experience and reducing venipuncture pain by addressing fears among whole-blood and plasma donors. Transfusion 2021; 61:2107-2115. [PMID: 33904178 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of blood donation is implicated in vasovagal reactions, donor recruitment, and retention. This study examined the extent to which fear among donors is associated with various donor outcomes in an Australian sample, and whether fear can be addressed on-site to reduce adverse reactions and improve the donation experience. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Six hundred and sixty-four donors (age M = 33.4, SD = 12.7; 55% female) participated in a two-center, pragmatic, parallel group, individually randomized controlled trial. Following donor registration and consent, whole-blood (n = 539) and plasma (n = 125) donors were assigned to one of four Conditions: control; fear assessment; fear assessment + brochure; fear assessment + brochure + tailored conversation focused on any self-reported fear and coping strategies. Post-donation questionnaires assessed the donors' experience including positive support, donor self-efficacy, anxiety, fear, venipuncture pain, and vasovagal reactions. RESULTS Fear among donors predicted higher venipuncture pain, post-donation anxiety, and vasovagal reactions and remained significant after controlling for other established predictors (i.e., total estimated blood volume, age, sex, and donation experience). Mediational analyses showed that exposure to brochures (with or without the tailored conversation) was associated with less pain, with this effect mediated by donor perceptions of more positive support. Venipuncture pain was also associated with vasovagal reactions, reduced likelihood of return within 6 months, and less satisfaction with the donation experience. CONCLUSION The current results underline the importance of interventions to address fear among both whole-blood and plasma donors to secure the safety and well-being of donors and the blood supply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe T Gilchrist
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda Thijsen
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara M Masser
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Tanya E Davison
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Davies J, MacDonald L, Sivakumar B, Carty C, Whiting D, Graham D. Prospective analysis of syncope/pre-syncope in a tertiary paediatric orthopaedic fracture outpatient clinic. ANZ J Surg 2021; 91:668-672. [PMID: 33605034 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of vasovagal syncope (VVS) precipitated by medical procedures such as blood donation is quoted as between 0.13% and 4.17%. Vasovagal events have been observed to occur following cast removal at our paediatric orthopaedic clinic; however, there is no available information in the existing literature regarding incidence or risk factors. This study aims to identify the incidence and demographic traits of patients experiencing syncopal events following cast removal. METHODS Over a 12-month period, paediatric patients experiencing a syncopal or pre-syncopal event during an outpatient appointment for cast removal were prospectively enrolled into the study. Basic demographic data were recorded, as well as injury and procedure details and a description of the event. Statistical analysis as well as calculation of incidence of vasovagal events were performed. RESULTS A total of 6078 patients presented for cast removal in the 12-month period. Twenty syncopal or pre-syncopal events were recorded. Incidence was calculated as 0.32%. Mean patient age was 10.8 years. Male : female ratio was 2.3:1. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 20.08, with a trend for higher prevalence of males under the 50th BMI percentile-for-age. The mean time post-injury was 31.4 days. Ninety-five percent of patients were being treated for an upper limb injury and 30% had injuries that had been treated surgically. There were no associated secondary complications or injuries. CONCLUSIONS Incidence of VVS following cast removal is comparable to the values quoted in literature for other medical procedures. Demographic data of our cohort suggested that those who experienced VVS were predominantly young males of lower-than-average BMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Davies
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leigh MacDonald
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brahman Sivakumar
- Department of Hand and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Australian Research Collaboration on Hands, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher Carty
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Griffith Centre of Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Donal Whiting
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Graham
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Research Collaboration on Hands, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang H, Han J, Min K. EEG-Based Estimation on the Reduction of Negative Emotions for Illustrated Surgical Images. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20247103. [PMID: 33322359 PMCID: PMC7763987 DOI: 10.3390/s20247103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) biosignals are widely used to measure human emotional reactions. The recent progress of deep learning-based classification models has improved the accuracy of emotion recognition in EEG signals. We apply a deep learning-based emotion recognition model from EEG biosignals to prove that illustrated surgical images reduce the negative emotional reactions that the photographic surgical images generate. The strong negative emotional reactions caused by surgical images, which show the internal structure of the human body (including blood, flesh, muscle, fatty tissue, and bone) act as an obstacle in explaining the images to patients or communicating with the images with non-professional people. We claim that the negative emotional reactions generated by illustrated surgical images are less severe than those caused by raw surgical images. To demonstrate the difference in emotional reaction, we produce several illustrated surgical images from photographs and measure the emotional reactions they engender using EEG biosignals; a deep learning-based emotion recognition model is applied to extract emotional reactions. Through this experiment, we show that the negative emotional reactions associated with photographic surgical images are much higher than those caused by illustrated versions of identical images. We further execute a self-assessed user survey to prove that the emotions recognized from EEG signals effectively represent user-annotated emotions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heekyung Yang
- Division of Software Convergence, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea;
| | - Jongdae Han
- Department of Computer Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (K.M.); Tel.: +82-2-2287-7170 (J.H.); +82-2-2287-5377 (K.M.)
| | - Kyungha Min
- Department of Computer Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (K.M.); Tel.: +82-2-2287-7170 (J.H.); +82-2-2287-5377 (K.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Adcock SJJ, Tucker CB. The effect of early burn injury on sensitivity to future painful stimuli in dairy heifers. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233711. [PMID: 32492026 PMCID: PMC7269268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals that experience painful procedures as neonates are more sensitive to pain later in life. We evaluated whether disbudding with a heated iron at 3 (n = 12), 35 (n = 9), or 56 (n = 20) d of age affected heifers’ pain responses to vaccine injections at 11 mo of age. Heifers responded to the injection procedure with struggling and changes in eye temperature and heart rate variability compared to a sham procedure the day before, and still had a heightened response 6 d later, regardless of disbudding age. However, some heart rate variability indices suggested increased sympathetic dominance in heifers disbudded at 35 d, compared to the other 2 age groups, independent of the injection procedure. We also found that heifers disbudded at 3 or 35 d had a higher mean heart rate after the injection procedure compared to those disbudded at 56 d. We conclude that: (1) heifers find injections aversive; and (2) there is some evidence that disbudding age influences autonomic nervous system activity later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J J Adcock
- Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Animal Behavior Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Cassandra B Tucker
- Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gilchrist PT, Masser BM, Horsley K, Ditto B. Predicting blood donation intention: the importance of fear. Transfusion 2019; 59:3666-3673. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe T. Gilchrist
- Department of PsychologyMacquarie University North Ryde New South Wales Australia
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research LaboratoryUniversity of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - Barbara M. Masser
- School of PsychologyUniversity of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia
- Clinical Services and ResearchAustralian Red Cross Blood Service Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Kristin Horsley
- Behavioural Medicine Lab, Department of PsychologyMcGill University Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Blaine Ditto
- Behavioural Medicine Lab, Department of PsychologyMcGill University Montréal Québec Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Effects of respiratory and applied muscle tensing interventions on responses to a simulated blood draw among individuals with high needle fear. J Behav Med 2018; 41:771-783. [PMID: 29679183 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-018-9925-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Fear of blood and needles increases risk for presyncopal symptoms. Applied muscle tension can prevent or attenuate presyncopal symptoms; however, it is not universally effective. This study examined the effects of applied muscle tension, a respiratory intervention, and a no treatment control condition, on presyncopal symptoms and cerebral oxygenation, during a simulated blood draw with individuals highly fearful of needles. Participants (n = 95) completed questionnaires, physiological monitoring, and two trials of a simulated blood draw with recovery. Presyncopal symptoms decreased across trials; however, no group differences emerged. Applied muscle tension was associated with greater cerebral oxygenation during trial two, and greater end-tidal carbon dioxide during both trials. The respiratory intervention did not differ from the no treatment control. Applied muscle tension is an intervention that can increase cerebral oxygenation and end-tidal carbon dioxide. While the respiratory intervention is promising within therapeutic settings, it was not efficacious after a brief audio training.
Collapse
|
10
|
Kliszczewicz B, Esco MR, E Bechke E, Feito Y, M Williamson C, Brown D, Price B. Venipuncture procedure affects heart rate variability and chronotropic response. PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY: PACE 2017; 40:1080-1086. [PMID: 28846150 DOI: 10.1111/pace.13181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart rate variability (HRV) has been shown to be influenced by several factors such as noise, sleep status, light, and emotional arousal; however, little evidence is available concerning autonomic responses to a venipuncture. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes of HRV indexes and heart rate (HR) during and following a venipuncture procedure among healthy individuals. METHODS 33 healthy individuals (22.8 ± 0.56 years, 167 ± 1.56 cm, 69.5 ± 2.61 kg) participated. Testing included 10-minute HRV analysis prior to the venipuncture, a 1-minute venipuncture procedure followed by a 10-minute analysis of HRV, and a total recording of 21 minutes. The first 5 minutes of the 21-minute recordings were discarded, and the remaining 5 minutes of the resting segment was analyzed (PRE), and the last 5 minutes of the 21-minute recording (POST). The log transformation of the time domain root mean squared of successive differences (lnRMSSD) and the frequency domains of high frequency (lnHF) and low frequency (lnLF) and LF/HF ratio (lnLF/HF) were used to quantify autonomic activity. HR was measured in 1-minute segments at 2 minutes prior (PRE), venipuncture (STICK), and post (P1-5). RESULTS HR significantly increased at STICK (P = 0.002), and fell below resting at P-5 (P < 0.001). lnRMSSD and lnHF increased significantly by POST (P < 0.001, P = 0.005). lnLF/HF ratio significantly decreased at POST (P = 0.047), while no significant changes occurred for lnLF (P = 0.590). CONCLUSIONS HRV and HR are influenced for 10 minutes following the venipuncture procedure. Practitioners and researchers who are interested in collecting blood and measuring HRV need to account for the influence of the venipuncture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Kliszczewicz
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Michael R Esco
- Department of Exercise Science, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Emily E Bechke
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Yuri Feito
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Cassie M Williamson
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Danielle Brown
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Brandi Price
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Beebe LH, Smith K, Phillips C. Effect of a Telephone Intervention on Measures of Psychiatric and Nonpsychiatric Medication Adherence in Outpatients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2017; 55:29-36. [DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20170119-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
12
|
Increased (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose accumulation in bilateral adrenal glands of the patients suffering from vasovagal reaction due to blood vessel puncture. Ann Nucl Med 2016; 30:501-5. [PMID: 27256405 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-016-1088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to evaluate the hypothesis that patients having a vasovagal reaction (VVR) after blood vessel puncture show increased FDG accumulation in bilateral adrenal glands. METHODS Over the past 8 years, 26 patients experienced a VVR after blood vessel puncture following intra-venous injection of FDG at our institution. Of the 26 patients, 16 underwent multiple-occasion FDG-PET/CT scans while suffering a VVR at only one examination. All 16 patients had no morphological abnormality in the adrenal glands on FDG-PET/CT and follow-up examination. For the 16, we retrospectively reviewed the FDG-PET/CT scan with respect to the adrenal glands and compared the result to that for the FDG-PET/CT scan of the same patient when there was no VVR event. We used both visual analysis and semi-quantitative analysis employing either maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) or adrenal-to-liver (A/L) SUVmax ratio. RESULTS On visual analysis of the FDG-PET/CT with VVR, accumulations in both of the adrenal glands was judged positive, defined as higher than the hepatic accumulation, in 84 % of the cases. The SUVmax in the right adrenal gland was 2.79 ± 0.69 with VVR and 1.92 ± 0.33 without VVR; this value in the left adrenal gland was 3.07 ± 0.71 with VVR and 2.05 ± 0.39 without. Mean SUVmax of both adrenal glands was 2.93 ± 0.66 with VVR and 1.98 ± 0.35 without. The A/L SUVmax ratio in the right adrenal gland was 1.02 ± 0.26 with VVR and 0.69 ± 0.11 without; this value in the left was 1.11 ± 0.23 with VVR and 0.74 ± 0.15 without. The mean A/L SUVmax ratio of both adrenal glands was 1.06 ± 0.24 with VVR and 0.72 ± 0.13 without. Each parameter with VVR was significantly higher than that without. For the two adrenal glands, the mean SUVmax with VVR was 48 % higher than that without VVR. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed the hypothesis that patients having a VVR after blood vessel puncture show increased FDG accumulation in their bilateral adrenal glands. This may reflect hyper-metabolism of the adrenal glands in synthesizing and secreting catecholamine.
Collapse
|
13
|
Disgust stimuli reduce heart rate but do not contribute to vasovagal symptoms. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2016; 51:116-22. [PMID: 26851836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The vasovagal response demonstrates a unique form of stress response, common in medical settings yet provoked by a variety of blood-injury-injection stimuli. This study aimed to better understand the psychophysiological mechanisms of the vasovagal response.. METHODS 16 undergraduates with and 42 without a self-reported history of fainting watched five 3-5 min videos with different emotional content. One documentary clip (Neutral condition) described a campus environmental project while another (Blood/Injury) depicted portions of an open heart surgery. Three additional clips were also used, including Medical, Threat, and Contamination stimuli. Vasovagal symptoms and physiological variables were assessed during each video. RESULTS As predicted, while the disgust-related stimuli (Blood/Injury, Medical, Contamination) were associated with generally lower heart rate, the Blood/Injury video produced the highest symptoms and the only significant difference between previous fainters and non-fainters. The physiological measures also revealed that participants with a fainting history experienced higher stroke volume and lower systolic blood pressure throughout, as well as several main effects of video. LIMITATIONS An additional decrease in systolic blood pressure and respiration produced by watching the Blood/Injury video may have been sufficient to trigger symptoms in some, though results also suggest that systemic variables do not entirely explain susceptibility to symptoms. More careful evaluation of regional blood flow may be required. CONCLUSIONS Participants who had previously experienced strong vasovagal responses displayed what appeared to be an anticipatory response to the Blood/Injury video. Finally, disgust stimuli may reduce heart rate but do not appear to contribute to vasovagal symptoms.
Collapse
|
14
|
Chell K, Waller D, Masser B. The Blood Donor Anxiety Scale: a six-item state anxiety measure based on the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Transfusion 2016; 56:1645-53. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Chell
- Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Kelvin Grove Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel Waller
- Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Sydney New South Wales, Australia
| | - Barbara Masser
- University of Queensland, Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Balegh S, Marcus N, Dubuc S, Godin G, France CR, Ditto B. Increasing nondonors’ intention to give blood: addressing common barriers. Transfusion 2015; 56:433-9. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gaston Godin
- Faculty of Nursing; Université Laval; Quebec City Quebec Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gilchrist PT, McGovern GE, Bekkouche N, Bacon SL, Ditto B. The vasovagal response during confrontation with blood-injury-injection stimuli: the role of perceived control. J Anxiety Disord 2015; 31:43-8. [PMID: 25728015 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The vasovagal response (VVR) is a common medical problem, complicating and deterring people from various procedures. It is an unusual stress response given the widespread decreases in physiological activity. Nevertheless, VVR involves processes similar to those observed during episodes of strong emotions and pain. We hypothesized that heightened perceived control would reduce symptoms of VVR. Eighty-two young adults were randomly assigned to perceived control or no perceived control conditions during exposure to a stimulus video of a mitral valve surgery, known to trigger VVR in non-medical personnel. Perceived control was manipulated by allowing some participants to specify a break time, though all received equivalent breaks. Outcomes included subjective symptoms of VVR, anxiety, blood pressure, heart rate, and other measures derived from impedance cardiography. Compared to participants with perceived control, participants with no perceived control reported significantly more vasovagal symptoms and anxiety, and experienced lower stroke volume, cardiac output, and diastolic blood pressure. Participants who were more fearful of blood were more likely to benefit from perceived control in several measures. Perceived control appears to reduce vasovagal symptoms. Results are discussed in terms of cognition and emotion in VVR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe T Gilchrist
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Psychophysiology, Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada.
| | - Gillian E McGovern
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Psychophysiology, Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Nadine Bekkouche
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Psychophysiology, Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Simon L Bacon
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre and Research Centre, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal - A University of Montreal Affiliated Hospital, Montreal H4J 1C5, Canada; Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Blaine Ditto
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Psychophysiology, Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
The field of pain medicine that once began as a supportive and compassionate care, adding value to the management of acute and chronic ailments, has now transformed into a vital and essential specialty with structured training programs and service units with professionals dedicating their careers to it. The expansion of understanding of the direct relationship of pain relief to the quality of life, uncovering of neuronal pathways, and technological advances in imaging as well as in interventional techniques have all contributed to this phenomenal growth. However, there is a growing concern whether the training programs and the specialized practitioners are gradually limiting their skilled inputs primarily within the sensory realm of the pain experience with sophisticated interventional techniques and relegating its subjective and emotional dimensions to perfunctory realms within the schema of service provision. While the specialty is still young, if we can understand the inherent aspect of these dimensions within the pain experience and acknowledge the gaps in service provision, it may be possible to champion development of truly comprehensive pain relief programs that responds effectively and ethically to a patient's felt needs. This article attempts to position the subjectivity of pain experience in context and surface the need to design complete systems of pain relief services inclusive of this dimension. It presents authors’ review of literature on perspectives of ‘unpleasant subjective emotional experiencing of the pain” to elucidate possible clinical implications based on the evidences presented on neuro-biology and neuro-psychology of the pain experience; the aim being to inspire systems of care where this dimension is sufficiently evaluated and managed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Vallath
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Bangalore Institute of Oncology-Health Care Global Enterprise, Bangalore, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|