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Candido MF, Medeiros M, Veronez LC, Bastos D, Oliveira KL, Pezuk JA, Valera ET, Brassesco MS. Drugging Hijacked Kinase Pathways in Pediatric Oncology: Opportunities and Current Scenario. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020664. [PMID: 36839989 PMCID: PMC9966033 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood cancer is considered rare, corresponding to ~3% of all malignant neoplasms in the human population. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports a universal occurrence of more than 15 cases per 100,000 inhabitants around the globe, and despite improvements in diagnosis, treatment and supportive care, one child dies of cancer every 3 min. Consequently, more efficient, selective and affordable therapeutics are still needed in order to improve outcomes and avoid long-term sequelae. Alterations in kinases' functionality is a trademark of cancer and the concept of exploiting them as drug targets has burgeoned in academia and in the pharmaceutical industry of the 21st century. Consequently, an increasing plethora of inhibitors has emerged. In the present study, the expression patterns of a selected group of kinases (including tyrosine receptors, members of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways, coordinators of cell cycle progression, and chromosome segregation) and their correlation with clinical outcomes in pediatric solid tumors were accessed through the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform and by a thorough search of published literature. To further illustrate the importance of kinase dysregulation in the pathophysiology of pediatric cancer, we analyzed the vulnerability of different cancer cell lines against their inhibition through the Cancer Dependency Map portal, and performed a search for kinase-targeted compounds with approval and clinical applicability through the CanSAR knowledgebase. Finally, we provide a detailed literature review of a considerable set of small molecules that mitigate kinase activity under experimental testing and clinical trials for the treatment of pediatric tumors, while discuss critical challenges that must be overcome before translation into clinical options, including the absence of compounds designed specifically for childhood tumors which often show differential mutational burdens, intrinsic and acquired resistance, lack of selectivity and adverse effects on a growing organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ferreira Candido
- Department of Cell Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Medeiros
- Regional Blood Center, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Chain Veronez
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - David Bastos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Karla Laissa Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Alejandra Pezuk
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Elvis Terci Valera
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-9144; Fax: +55-16-3315-4886
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Chien J, Aletti G, Baldi A, Catalano V, Muretto P, Keeney GL, Kalli KR, Staub J, Ehrmann M, Cliby WA, Lee YK, Bible KC, Hartmann LC, Kaufmann SH, Shridhar V. Serine protease HtrA1 modulates chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity. J Clin Invest 2006; 116:1994-2004. [PMID: 16767218 PMCID: PMC1474818 DOI: 10.1172/jci27698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2005] [Accepted: 04/11/2006] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy presents a serious challenge in the successful treatment of various cancers and is mainly responsible for mortality associated with disseminated cancers. Here we show that expression of HtrA1, which is frequently downregulated in ovarian cancer, influences tumor response to chemotherapy by modulating chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity. Downregulation of HtrA1 attenuated cisplatin- and paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity, while forced expression of HtrA1 enhanced cisplatin- and paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity. HtrA1 expression was upregulated by both cisplatin and paclitaxel treatment. This upregulation resulted in limited autoproteolysis and activation of HtrA1. Active HtrA1 induces cell death in a serine protease-dependent manner. The potential role of HtrA1 as a predictive factor of clinical response to chemotherapy was assessed in both ovarian and gastric cancer patients receiving cisplatin-based regimens. Patients with ovarian or gastric tumors expressing higher levels of HtrA1 showed a higher response rate compared with those with lower levels of HtrA1 expression. These findings uncover what we believe to be a novel pathway by which serine protease HtrA1 mediates paclitaxel- and cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity and suggest that loss of HtrA1 in ovarian and gastric cancers may contribute to in vivo chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Chien
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Giovanni Aletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alfonso Baldi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Vincenzo Catalano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Pietro Muretto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gary L. Keeney
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kimberly R. Kalli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Julie Staub
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael Ehrmann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - William A. Cliby
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yean Kit Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Keith C. Bible
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lynn C. Hartmann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Scott H. Kaufmann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Viji Shridhar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Medical Oncology Unit and
Department of Histopathology, San Salvatore Hospital, Pesaro, Italy.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Department of Oncology, and
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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