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Navaneetha T, Ali A, Ramana CV, Baskar V. Discrete Molecular Aggregates Based on Zn II and Sb III/V Ions Displaying Efficient Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:5237-5247. [PMID: 36943193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of [Zn3Cl2(3,5-Me2PzH)4(t-BuPO3)2] with organostibonic acid in varying reaction conditions have been investigated. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal the formation of [Zn2(p-ClC6H4Sb)2(O)2(OCH3)2(t-BuPO3)3(py)2] (1), [Zn2(p-ClC6H4SbV)4(SbIII)2(O)8(t-BuPO3H)4(t-BuPO3)2(py)2Cl2] (2), and [Zn2(RSb)4(O)4(OCH3)4(t-BuPO3)4(py)2], where R = p-ClC6H4 (3) and R = p-iPrC6H4 (4), respectively. Interestingly, in the synthesis of 2, complete dearylation of organoantimony moieties followed by C-F bond formation, a reduction from Sb (V) to Sb (III), and Sb···Cl weak intermolecular interactions have been observed. ESI-MS studies suggested that clusters 1-4 maintained their structural integrity in the solution state also. Solution NMR studies (1H, 31P, and 13C) support well the observed solid-state structures. 1-4 were tested for antibacterial activity using a microdilution assay. 1 and 4 showed the best activity with lower MIC values (0.78-6.25 μg/mL) against all the tested pathogens. The total antioxidant activity of 1-4 was evaluated through the phosphomolybdenum assay, which showed a total antioxidant activity ranging from 28.96 to 86.46 mg AAE/g compound with the ascorbic acid standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokala Navaneetha
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Ashif Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Ch Venkata Ramana
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Viswanathan Baskar
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
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Ali J, Mubarak MM, Samuel C, Kantroo HA, Malik A, Ahmad Z, Baskar V. Stibonic acids and related stibonate-phosphonate clusters: Synthesis, characterization and bioactivity evaluation. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 235:111909. [PMID: 35810526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of 4-(azobenzene)phenylstibonic acid with t-butylphosphonic acid led to the isolation of the tetranuclear oxo-hydroxo antimony cluster of formulae [(4-azobenzene-C6H4Sb)4(OH)4(tBuPO3)6] (C1). The reaction of (p-t-butyl phenyl stibonic acid with phenyl phosphonic acid resulted in the isolation of complex with formulae [(p-t-BuC6H4Sb)4(O)2(PhPO3)4(PhPO3H)4] (C2). Based upon the initial results from docking studies, parent stibonic acids, t-butyl-phenylstibonic acid, p-isopropylphenylstibonic acid, 4-azobenzenephenylstibonic acid, and the derived tetranuclear organoantimonate-phosphonate clusters were screened against different cancer cell lines, various Gram-positive and Gram-Negative bacteria and mycobacteria for possible bioactivity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Ali
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Mohamad Mosa Mubarak
- Clinical Microbiology and PK-PD División, CSIR-IIIM, Sanatnagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Calvin Samuel
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Hadiya Amin Kantroo
- Clinical Microbiology and PK-PD División, CSIR-IIIM, Sanatnagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Abbass Malik
- Clinical Microbiology and PK-PD División, CSIR-IIIM, Sanatnagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Zahoor Ahmad
- Clinical Microbiology and PK-PD División, CSIR-IIIM, Sanatnagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India.
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Abstract
DNA metabolism embodies a number of biochemical pathways, which include targets of clinically used antibiotics as well as those that are only being explored as potential targets for inhibitory compounds. We give an overview of representative cell-based and enzymatic assays suitable for high-throughput-driven search for novel DNA metabolism inhibitors of established and novel DNA metabolism targets in bacteria. The protocol for a colorimetric coupled primase-inorganic pyrophosphatase assay developed by our group is described in detail.
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Ugandhar U, Baskar V. Monoorganoantimony(v) phosphonates and phosphoselininates. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6269-74. [PMID: 26681514 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03449c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular oxo-hydroxo clusters have been synthesized by reactions of arylstibonic acids with organophosphonic acid and phenylseleninic acid. Single crystal X-ray structural elucidation revealed the formation of [(p-i-PrC6H4Sb)4(OH)4(t-BuPO3)6] (1), [(p-t-BuC6H4Sb)4(O)2(PhPO3)4(PhPO3H)4] (2), [(p-i-PrC6H4Sb)4(O)3(OH)(PhSeO2)2(t-BuPO3)4(t-BuPO3H2)2] (3), [(p-MeC6H4Sb)4(O)3(OH)(PhSeO2)2(t-BuPO3)4(t-BuPO3H2)2] (4) and [(p-t-BuC6H4Sb)2(O) (PhSeO2)2(t-BuPO3H)4] (5) respectively. Mass spectral studies reveal that the clusters maintain their structural integrity in solution as well. Solution NMR studies ((1)H, (31)P and (77)Se) show spectral patterns which correlate well with the observed solid state structures of 1-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uppara Ugandhar
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, A.P., India.
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A role for the bacterial GATC methylome in antibiotic stress survival. Nat Genet 2016; 48:581-6. [PMID: 26998690 PMCID: PMC4848143 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an increasingly serious public health threat1. Understanding pathways allowing bacteria to survive antibiotic stress may unveil new therapeutic targets2–8. We explore the role of the bacterial epigenome in antibiotic stress survival using classical genetic tools and single-molecule real-time sequencing to characterize genomic methylation kinetics. We find that Escherichia coli survival under antibiotic pressure is severely compromised without adenine methylation at GATC sites. While the adenine methylome remains stable during drug stress, without GATC methylation, methyl-dependent mismatch repair (MMR) is deleterious, and fueled by the drug-induced error-prone polymerase PolIV, overwhelms cells with toxic DNA breaks. In multiple E. coli strains, including pathogenic and drug-resistant clinical isolates, DNA adenine methyltransferase deficiency potentiates antibiotics from the β-lactam and quinolone classes. This work indicates that the GATC methylome provides structural support for bacterial survival during antibiotics stress and suggests targeting bacterial DNA methylation as a viable approach to enhancing antibiotic activity.
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Mou KT, Muppirala UK, Severin AJ, Clark TA, Boitano M, Plummer PJ. A comparative analysis of methylome profiles of Campylobacter jejuni sheep abortion isolate and gastroenteric strains using PacBio data. Front Microbiol 2015; 5:782. [PMID: 25642218 PMCID: PMC4294202 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of human gastrointestinal disease and small ruminant abortions in the United States. The recent emergence of a highly virulent, tetracycline-resistant C. jejuni subsp. jejuni sheep abortion clone (clone SA) in the United States, and that strain's association with human disease, has resulted in a heightened awareness of the zoonotic potential of this organism. Pacific Biosciences' Single Molecule, Real-Time sequencing technology was used to explore the variation in the genome-wide methylation patterns of the abortifacient clone SA (IA3902) and phenotypically distinct gastrointestinal-specific C. jejuni strains (NCTC 11168 and 81-176). Several notable differences were discovered that distinguished the methylome of IA3902 from that of 11168 and 81-176: identification of motifs novel to IA3902, genome-specific hypo- and hypermethylated regions, strain level variability in genes methylated, and differences in the types of methylation motifs present in each strain. These observations suggest a possible role of methylation in the contrasting disease presentations of these three C. jejuni strains. In addition, the methylation profiles between IA3902 and a luxS mutant were explored to determine if variations in methylation patterns could be identified that might explain the role of LuxS-dependent methyl recycling in IA3902 abortifacient potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy T Mou
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University Ames, IA, USA
| | - Usha K Muppirala
- Genome Informatics Facility, Office of Biotechnology, Iowa State University Ames, IA, USA
| | - Andrew J Severin
- Genome Informatics Facility, Office of Biotechnology, Iowa State University Ames, IA, USA
| | | | | | - Paul J Plummer
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University Ames, IA, USA
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Leonard MT, Davis-Richardson AG, Ardissone AN, Kemppainen KM, Drew JC, Ilonen J, Knip M, Simell O, Toppari J, Veijola R, Hyöty H, Triplett EW. The methylome of the gut microbiome: disparate Dam methylation patterns in intestinal Bacteroides dorei. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:361. [PMID: 25101067 PMCID: PMC4101878 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the large interest in the human microbiome in recent years, there are no reports of bacterial DNA methylation in the microbiome. Here metagenomic sequencing using the Pacific Biosciences platform allowed for rapid identification of bacterial GATC methylation status of a bacterial species in human stool samples. For this work, two stool samples were chosen that were dominated by a single species, Bacteroides dorei. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, this species represented over 45% of the bacteria present in these two samples. The B. dorei genome sequence from these samples was determined and the GATC methylation sites mapped. The Bacteroides dorei genome from one subject lacked any GATC methylation and lacked the DNA adenine methyltransferase genes. In contrast, B. dorei from another subject contained 20,551 methylated GATC sites. Of the 4970 open reading frames identified in the GATC methylated B. dorei genome, 3184 genes were methylated as well as 1735 GATC methylations in intergenic regions. These results suggest that DNA methylation patterns are important to consider in multi-omic analyses of microbiome samples seeking to discover the diversity of bacterial functions and may differ between disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Leonard
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Austin G Davis-Richardson
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alexandria N Ardissone
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kaisa M Kemppainen
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer C Drew
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University of Eastern Finland Kuopio, Finland ; Immunogenetics Laboratory, University of Turku Turku, Finland
| | - Mikael Knip
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital Helsinki, Finland ; Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland ; Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Simell
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Veijola
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere Tampere, Finland
| | - Eric W Triplett
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
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Abstract
Plague has been a scourge of mankind for centuries, and outbreaks continue to the present day. The virulence mechanisms employed by the etiological agent Yersinia pestis are reviewed in the context of the available prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for plague. Although antibiotics are available, resistance is emerging in this dangerous pathogen. Therapeutics used in the clinic are discussed and innovative approaches to the design and development of new therapeutic compounds are reviewed. Currently there is no licensed vaccine available for prevention of plague in the USA or western Europe, although both live attenuated strains and killed whole-cell extracts have been used historically. Live strains are still approved for human use in some parts of the world, such as the former Soviet Union, but poor safety profiles render them unacceptable to many countries. The development of safe, effective next-generation vaccines, including the recombinant subunit vaccine currently used in clinical trials is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra C F Oyston
- Biomedical Sciences, Dstl Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SP4 0JQ, UK
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