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Ram D, Rajappa SK, Selvakumar VP, Shukla H, Goel A, Kumar R, Kumar K. Male breast cancer: A retrospective review of clinical profile from a tertiary cancer care center of India. South Asian J Cancer 2020; 6:141-143. [PMID: 29404286 PMCID: PMC5763618 DOI: 10.4103/sajc.sajc_2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Present study was done with an aim to analyse the clinicopathological and survival characteristics of male breast cancer patients. Methods: We did a retrospective review of our database and analysed total 27 patients who presented to breast oncology unit of Rajiv Gandhi cancer centre and research institute from January 2010 to April 2016. Results: Most common stage at presentation in our study was in stage II. The median follow up was 32.75 months. The actuarial 5-year survival was 92.30% and DFS was 76.30%. Only hormone receptor status was found as a significant prognostic variable among the prognostic factors studied for disease free survival. Conclusions: Carcinoma breast in male is a relatively rare disease and management principles are translated from our understanding of breast cancer in women. A relatively early stage at presentation is a contrasting finding of our series which may be responsible for a significantly better actuarial 5 year survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharma Ram
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Suhas K Rajappa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Veda P Selvakumar
- Department of Breast Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Himanshu Shukla
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Goel
- Departments of BLK Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Breast Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Kumar
- Departments of BLK Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Yalaza M, İnan A, Bozer M. Male Breast Cancer. THE JOURNAL OF BREAST HEALTH 2016; 12:1-8. [PMID: 28331724 DOI: 10.5152/tjbh.2015.2711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, accounting for less than 1% of all breast cancer diagnoses worldwide. Although breast carcinomas share certain characteristics in both genders, there are notable differences. Most studies on men with breast cancer are very small. Thus, most data on male breast cancer are derived from studies on females. However, when a number of these small studies are grouped together, we can learn more from them. This review emphasizes the incidence, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, pathology, survival, and prognostic factors related to MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Yalaza
- Clinic of Surgical Oncology, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Aydın İnan
- Department of General Surgery, Turgut Özal University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mikdat Bozer
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Fatih University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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Hartkopf AD, Taran FA, Walter CB, Hahn M, Fehm T, Wallwiener M, Brucker SY. Detection and prevalence of disseminated tumor cells from the bone marrow of early stage male breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 152:51-55. [PMID: 26012646 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3440-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Male breast cancer (mBC) is a rare entity. As detection of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow of females with early stage breast cancer is a promising prognostic marker, we aimed to determine the prevalence and prognostic value of DTCs in mBC. Bone marrow aspirates were collected from male patients undergoing primary surgery for early stage breast cancer (T1-4, N0-2, M0) at Tuebingen University, Germany, between January 2001 and April 2015. DTCs were identified by immunocytochemistry (pancytokeratin antibody A45/B-B3) and cytomorphology. 24 patients with mBC were included into the analysis. DTCs were detected in four of these (17 %). There was no significant association between the DTC status and any other clinicopathological parameter. Also, no significant impact of the DTC status on DFS or OS could be observed. DTCs are detectable in patients with early stage mBC. The detection rate is comparable to that in women. No associations between DTCs and clinicopathological features or prognosis were observed, which is most likely due to the small sample size. The detection of DTCs in male patients with early stage breast cancer emphasizes the transmission of future clinical applications for DTCs from women to men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas D Hartkopf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tuebingen University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Calwerstrasse 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Florin-Andrei Taran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tuebingen University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Calwerstrasse 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Christina B Walter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tuebingen University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Calwerstrasse 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Markus Hahn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tuebingen University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Calwerstrasse 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tanja Fehm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Wallwiener
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Y Brucker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tuebingen University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Calwerstrasse 7, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
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Masci G, Caruso M, Caruso F, Salvini P, Carnaghi C, Giordano L, Miserocchi V, Losurdo A, Zuradelli M, Torrisi R, Di Tommaso L, Tinterri C, Testori A, Garcia-Etienne CA, Gatzemeier W, Santoro A. Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Characteristics in Male Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Case Series. Oncologist 2015; 20:586-92. [PMID: 25948676 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to its rarity, male breast cancer (mBC) remains an inadequately characterized disease, and current evidence for treatment derives from female breast cancer (FBC). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of mBCs treated from 2000 to 2013. RESULTS From a total of 97 patients with mBC, 6 (6.2%) with ductal in situ carcinoma were excluded, and 91 patients with invasive carcinoma were analyzed. Median age was 65 years (range: 25-87 years). Estrogen receptors were positive in 88 patients (96.7%), and progesterone receptors were positive in 84 patients (92.3%). HER-2 was overexpressed in 13 of 85 patients (16%). Median follow-up was 51.5 months (range: 0.5-219.3 months). Five-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 50%, whereas overall survival (OS) was 68.1%. Patients with grades 1 and 2 presented 5-year PFS of 71% versus 22.5% for patients with grade 3 disease; 5-year OS was 85.7% for patients with grades 1 and 2 versus 53.3% of patients with grade 3. Ki-67 score >20% and adjuvant chemotherapy were also statistically significant for OS on univariate analyses. Twenty-six of 87 patients (29.8%) experienced recurrent disease and 16 of 91 patients (17.6%) developed a second neoplasia. CONCLUSION Male breast cancer shows different biological patterns compared with FBC, with higher positive hormone-receptor status and lower HER-2 overexpression. Grade 3 and Ki-67 >20% were associated with shorter OS. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE There is little evidence that prognostic features established in female breast cancer, such as grading and Ki-67 labeling index, could be applied to male breast cancer as well. This study found that grade 3 was associated with shorter overall survival and a trend for Ki-67 >20%; this could help in choosing the best treatment option in the adjuvant setting. Many questions remain regarding the impact of HER-2 positivity on survival and treatment with adjuvant anti-HER-2 therapy. Regarding metastatic male breast cancer, the results suggest that common regimens of chemo-, endocrine and immunotherapy used in female breast cancer are safe and effective for men. Male breast cancer patients show a higher incidence of second primary tumors, especially prostate and colon cancers and should therefore be carefully monitored.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/classification
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms, Male/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/genetics
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/pathology
- Prognosis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/biosynthesis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Retrospective Studies
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Masci
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Michele Caruso
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Francesco Caruso
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Piermario Salvini
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Carlo Carnaghi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Laura Giordano
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Vittoria Miserocchi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Agnese Losurdo
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Monica Zuradelli
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Rosalba Torrisi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Luca Di Tommaso
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Corrado Tinterri
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Alberto Testori
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Carlos A Garcia-Etienne
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Gatzemeier
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Armando Santoro
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Centro Catanese di Oncologia, Catania, Italy; Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy; Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, Italy
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Ruddy KJ, Winer EP. Male breast cancer: risk factors, biology, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:1434-43. [PMID: 23425944 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causes, optimal treatments, and medical/psychosocial sequelae of breast cancer in men are poorly understood. DESIGN A systematic review of the English language literature was conducted to identify studies relevant to male breast cancer between 1987 and 2012 and including at least 20 patients. Searches were carried out on PubMed using the title terms 'male breast cancer' or 'male breast carcinoma'. RESULTS Relevant published data regarding risk factors, biological characteristics, presentation and prognosis, appropriate evaluation and treatment, and survivorship issues in male breast cancer patients are presented. BRCA2 mutations, age, conditions that alter the estrogen/androgen ratio, and radiation are proven risk factors. Disease biology is distinct in men, but diagnostic approaches and treatments for men are generally extrapolated from those in women due to inadequate research in men. Survivorship issues in men may include sexual and hormonal side-effects of endocrine therapies as well as unique psychosocial impacts of the disease. CONCLUSION Further research is needed to address gaps in knowledge pertaining to care of male breast cancer patients and survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Ruddy
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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