1
|
Griffin MA, Mastorakis A, Wustefeld-Janssens B, Martin TW, Duda L, Seguin B, Tremolada G. Outcomes in dogs undergoing surgical stabilization and non-stereotactic radiation therapy for axial and appendicular bone tumors. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1283728. [PMID: 38274657 PMCID: PMC10808726 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1283728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Information on dogs that undergo radiation therapy (RT) with non-stereotactic protocols in addition to surgical stabilization with implant placement for treatment of bone tumors is limited. Objective Our primary objectives were to describe the clinical characteristics as well as short- and long-term outcomes, including complications, function, and disease progression, in dogs that underwent both surgical stabilization with implant placement and non-stereotactic RT for local treatment of a bone tumor. Methods A bi-institutional retrospective case series was performed. Animals Eight client-owned dogs that underwent both surgical stabilization with implant placement and non-stereotactic RT for local treatment of a bone tumor were included. Results Tumor types included osteosarcoma or suspected osteosarcoma (5), plasma cell tumor (2), and grade 3 fibrosarcoma (1). Radiation protocols were hypofractionated (palliative intent) in 5 dogs and fractionated (definitive intent) in 3 dogs. Five dogs experienced complications following both RT and surgery, including grade 1 complications in two dogs, a grade 2 complication in one dog, both grade 1 and 2 complications in one dog, and both grade 2 and 3 complications in one dog. Clinical signs subjectively improved in all dogs that had outcomes relative to function documented post-surgery/RT (7). Of these 7 dogs, 4 maintained long-term improvement in function and clinical signs, whereas 3 experienced subsequent recurrence/progression of clinical signs at a median of 133 days (range 91-186) postoperatively in association with biomechanical complications (screw loosening), surgical site infection, and local disease progression in 1 dog each; subsequent treatment resulted in improved clinical signs for each of these 3 dogs, such that overall good long-term functional outcomes were experienced. No dogs required amputation or additional vertebral surgery as salvage for local disease control or palliation. The median progression free interval was 206 days (range 25-1078), and the median survival time was 253 days (range 122-1078) with 1 additional dog lost to follow-up at 575 days. Two dogs experienced local disease progression, and 6 dogs experienced systemic disease progression; both dogs that developed local disease progression received palliative intent RT protocols. Clinical relevance In this cohort, dogs with primary bone tumors that underwent surgical stabilization with implant placement and hypofractionated or fractionated non-stereotactic RT for local treatment had a low incidence of major complications, good limb function and ambulation post-treatment, and relatively prolonged survival times despite disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen A. Griffin
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Andrea Mastorakis
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Brandan Wustefeld-Janssens
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Tiffany Wormhoudt Martin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Lili Duda
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Bernard Seguin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Giovanni Tremolada
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Prabaharan CB, Giri S, Allen KJH, Bato KEM, Mercado TR, Malo ME, Carvalho JLC, Dadachova E, Uppalapati M. Comparative Molecular Characterization and Pharmacokinetics of IgG1-Fc and Engineered Fc Human Antibody Variants to Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 Receptor (IGF2R). Molecules 2023; 28:5839. [PMID: 37570809 PMCID: PMC10420659 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel therapeutic approaches are much needed for the treatment of osteosarcoma. Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) and radioimmunotherapy (RIT) are promising approaches that deliver therapeutic radiation precisely to the tumor site. We have previously developed a fully human antibody, named IF3, that binds to insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R). IF3 was used in TRT to effectively inhibit tumor growth in osteosarcoma preclinical models. However, IF3's relatively short half-life in mice raised the need for improvement. We generated an Fc-engineered version of IF3, termed IF3δ, with amino acid substitutions known to enhance antibody half-life in human serum. In this study, we confirmed the specific binding of IF3δ to IGF2R with nanomolar affinity, similar to wild-type IF3. Additionally, IF3δ demonstrated binding to human and mouse neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn), indicating the potential for FcRn-mediated endocytosis and recycling. Biodistribution studies in mice showed a higher accumulation of IF3δ in the spleen and bone than wild-type IF3, likely attributed to abnormal spleen expression of IGF2R in mice. Therefore, the pharmacokinetics data from mouse xenograft models may not precisely reflect their behavior in canine and human patients. However, the findings suggest both IF3 and IF3δ as promising options for the RIT of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandra B. Prabaharan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada;
| | - Sabeena Giri
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (S.G.); (K.J.H.A.); (M.E.M.); (J.L.C.C.)
| | - Kevin J. H. Allen
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (S.G.); (K.J.H.A.); (M.E.M.); (J.L.C.C.)
| | - Katrina E. M. Bato
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (K.E.M.B.); (T.R.M.)
| | - Therese R. Mercado
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (K.E.M.B.); (T.R.M.)
| | - Mackenzie E. Malo
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (S.G.); (K.J.H.A.); (M.E.M.); (J.L.C.C.)
| | - Jorge L. C. Carvalho
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (S.G.); (K.J.H.A.); (M.E.M.); (J.L.C.C.)
| | - Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (S.G.); (K.J.H.A.); (M.E.M.); (J.L.C.C.)
| | - Maruti Uppalapati
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shimada M, Nagashima T, Michishita M, Yazawa D, Hara Y. Case report: Limb-sparing surgery of tibial chondrosarcoma with frozen autologous bone graft using liquid nitrogen in a dog. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:966513. [PMID: 37077946 PMCID: PMC10109445 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.966513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary bone tumor after osteosarcoma in dogs. Chondrosarcoma has a good prognosis owing to its low metastatic rate and long survival time, even with amputation alone. However, amputation risks reducing the quality of life in patients with other orthopedic diseases of the non-affected limb, neurological diseases, or large body size. Limb-sparing surgery with frozen autologous bone grafting using liquid nitrogen allows bone quality to be maintained in the normal bone area while killing tumor cells, thereby preserving the affected limb. Thus, it is expected to maintain the quality of life. We describe herein limb-sparing surgery for tibial chondrosarcoma with frozen autologous bone graft using liquid nitrogen in an 8-year and 8-month-old castrated male bulldog weighing 29.2 kg. The patient had chondrosarcoma of the left tibia, suspected cranial cruciate ligament rupture of the right stifle, and degenerative lumbosacral stenosis. In such a case, amputation would increase the burden on the non-affected limb or spine, which could cause difficulty in walking; therefore, we performed limb-sparing surgery. Postoperatively, although a circumduction gait associated with stifle arthrodesis remained, the patient maintained the quality of life for 20 months, and the owner was satisfied with the results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Shimada
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Masakazu Shimada
| | - Tomokazu Nagashima
- Division of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Michishita
- Division of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yazawa
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hara
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Altwal J, Martin TW, Thamm DH, Séguin B. Configuration of pathologic fractures in dogs with osteosarcoma following stereotactic body radiation therapy: A retrospective analysis. Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:131-137. [PMID: 36633386 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
For some cases of canine appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA), limb-sparing treatment options are often desired, one of which is stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). A major complication of SBRT is fracture of the irradiated bone at the site of treatment. The present study evaluated 127 appendicular OSA sites in 122 dogs treated with SBRT to identify the most common pathologic fracture locations and configurations. A total of 50 tumours experienced a pathologic fracture, and 38 had imaging sufficient to identify fracture configuration. The distal tibia was more likely to develop a fracture than other sites. Multiple types of fracture configuration (transverse, oblique, spiral and comminuted) were observed. The distal radius was significantly more likely to develop a transverse fracture than other sites. Documentation of fracture location and configuration leads to the identification of the forces contributing to fracture occurrence, since each configuration is a result of different forces acting on each affected bone. Such knowledge is imperative for the development of new approaches to diminish the occurrence of pathologic fractures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Altwal
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Tiffany Wormhoudt Martin
- Flint Animal Cancer Center and Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Flint Animal Cancer Center and Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Bernard Séguin
- Flint Animal Cancer Center and Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Characterization of IGF2R Molecular Expression in Canine Osteosarcoma as Part of a Novel Comparative Oncology Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031867. [PMID: 36768202 PMCID: PMC9916217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in prognostic factors, treatments, and outcome for both canine and human osteosarcoma (OS) has been minimal over the last three decades. Surface overexpression of the cation independent mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor receptor type 2 (IGF2R) has been proven to occur in human OS cells. Subsequently, radioimmunotherapy (RIT) targeting IGF2R has demonstrated promising preliminary results. The main aims of this study were to investigate the expression of IGF2R in spontaneously occurring canine OS cells using immunohistochemistry (IHC) on archived biopsy samples and to assess its prognostic significance. Thirty-four dogs were included in the study. All cases showed that 80-100% of OS cells stained positive for IGF2R. IGF2R overexpression alone was not shown to have prognostic significance using both visual and quantitative methods of IHC staining intensity. This study has established for the first time the consistent expression of IGF2R in spontaneously occurring canine OS. This comparative oncology approach will allow further investigation into RIT as a novel treatment modality; first in canines and then in humans with OS. In addition, further studies should be performed to assess the true prognostic significance of IGF2R overexpression.
Collapse
|
6
|
Martin TW, LaRue SM, Griffin L. CT characteristics and proposed scoring scheme are predictive of pathologic fracture in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2021; 63:82-90. [PMID: 34672060 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is an established limb-sparing treatment for dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA) and pathologic fractures are a common sequela. The objectives of this retrospective, observational, and descriptive study were to develop and evaluate objective CT criteria for predicting pathologic fractures and assess impacts on survival time. Included dogs had confirmed or suspected appendicular OSA, available CT scans, available outcome data, and were treated with SBRT. For each study, the number of quartiles affected by lysis on the most severely affected transverse slice, longest measurable length of contiguous full cortical lysis, presence of subchondral bone lysis, and ratio of the length of the affected bone to normal bone were recorded. A scoring system was developed for assigning grades (summed score 1-4 = grade 1, 5-7 = grade 2, and 8 or greater = grade 3.) A total of 127 CT datasets were sampled (123 patients). The median summed score was 7. The grade was correlated with pathologic fracture development (23% of grade 1, 35% of grade 2, and 57% of grade 3 resulting in fracture, P = 0.028). Subchondral bone lysis was correlated with fracture (odds ratio, 2.2, P = 0.02). Percent affected bone ≥40% was associated with decreased survival (P = 0.002). Dogs with <40% of affected bone had a median survival of 256 days versus 178 days for dogs with ≥40% affected bone. Findings from the current study can be used to assist in determining prognosis and planning radiation therapy for future dogs affected by appendicular OSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Wormhoudt Martin
- Department of Environmental Health and Radiological Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan M LaRue
- Department of Environmental Health and Radiological Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Lynn Griffin
- Department of Environmental Health and Radiological Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Risselada M, Tuohy JL, Law M, James ML, Lascelles BDX. Local Administration of Carboplatin in Poloxamer 407 After an Ulnar Osteosarcoma Removal in a Dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2021; 56:325. [PMID: 33113558 DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-6926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An 8 yr old male castrated hound presented for a left distal ulnar osteosarcoma. Staging (computed tomography and nuclear scintigraphy) did not reveal any metastases. A limb-sparing ulnectomy with local adjunctive carboplatin in a poloxamer copolymer gel (poloxamer 407) was performed. The patient recovered without complications after surgery. No wound healing complications or adverse effects occurred after local use of carboplatin in poloxamer 407. The local recurrence-free interval was 296 days from surgery, and the survival time was 445 days from initial diagnosis. This is the first report in the veterinary literature of using poloxamer 407 as a carrier for local delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs in a clinical patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marije Risselada
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.R.); Animal Cancer Care and Research Center, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia (J.L.T.); and Department of Population Health and Pathobiology (M.L.) and Department of Clinical Sciences (M.L.J., B.D.X.L.), College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Joanne L Tuohy
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.R.); Animal Cancer Care and Research Center, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia (J.L.T.); and Department of Population Health and Pathobiology (M.L.) and Department of Clinical Sciences (M.L.J., B.D.X.L.), College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Mac Law
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.R.); Animal Cancer Care and Research Center, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia (J.L.T.); and Department of Population Health and Pathobiology (M.L.) and Department of Clinical Sciences (M.L.J., B.D.X.L.), College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Mindi L James
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.R.); Animal Cancer Care and Research Center, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia (J.L.T.); and Department of Population Health and Pathobiology (M.L.) and Department of Clinical Sciences (M.L.J., B.D.X.L.), College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - B Duncan X Lascelles
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.R.); Animal Cancer Care and Research Center, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia (J.L.T.); and Department of Population Health and Pathobiology (M.L.) and Department of Clinical Sciences (M.L.J., B.D.X.L.), College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Martin TW, Griffin L, Custis J, Ryan SD, Lafferty M, Boss MK, Regan D, Rao S, Leary D, Withrow SJ, LaRue SM. Outcome and prognosis for canine appendicular osteosarcoma treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy in 123 dogs. Vet Comp Oncol 2021; 19:284-294. [PMID: 33403752 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Canine appendicular osteosarcoma is commonly treated with limb amputation; however, limb-sparing options are frequently desired or necessary for a subset of patients. We evaluated 123 patients and 130 sites treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Eighty-two out of 98 dogs (84%) had maximum lameness improvement at a median of 3 weeks for a median of 6 months duration. Histopathologic evaluation of available samples from amputation or necropsy revealed >80% tumor necrosis in 50% of limbs consistent with local disease control. Of evaluable patients, 41% fractured and 21% pursued an amputation after treatment. Fine needle aspirate (n = 52) and needle core biopsy (n = 28) did not result in increased fracture risk compared to those without tumor sampling (n = 50). Median survival time (MST) was 233 days and time to first event was 143 days. Gross tumor volume and planned target volume were significantly inversely associated with survival and tumor location was significantly associated with survival. Dogs with salvage amputation had a significantly longer MST compared to those without (346 vs 202 days; P = .04). The presence of metastatic disease at the time of treatment in 15 dogs did not significantly impact survival time (200 vs 237 days without metastasis; P = .58). Skin side effects correlated significantly with dose with 33% of patients with acute grade 3 effects developing consequential late grade 3 effects. While SBRT improves lameness in most patients, further investigation is needed to identify candidates with minimal early fracture risk prior to initiating therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Wormhoudt Martin
- Department of Environment and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Lynn Griffin
- Department of Environment and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - James Custis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, VCA Animal Diagnostic Clinic, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Stewart D Ryan
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mary Lafferty
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Mary-Keara Boss
- Department of Environment and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Daniel Regan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Del Leary
- Department of Environment and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephen J Withrow
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan M LaRue
- Department of Environment and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mackowiak da Fonseca J, Mackowiak da Fonseca II, Nagamine MK, Massoco CDO, Nishiya AT, Ward JM, Liu S, Leppla SH, Bugge TH, Dagli MLZ. Inhibitory Effects of a Reengineered Anthrax Toxin on Canine and Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12100614. [PMID: 32987941 PMCID: PMC7601267 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12100614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine and human osteosarcomas (OSA) share similarities. Novel therapies are necessary for these tumours. The Bacillus anthracis toxin was reengineered to target and kill cells with high expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA). Since canine OSA express MMPs and uPA, we assessed whether the reengineered toxin could show efficacy against these tumours. Two OSA cell lines (canine D17 and human MG63) and a non-neoplastic canine osteoblastic cell line (COBS) were used. Cells were treated with different concentrations of the reengineered anthrax toxin and cell viability was quantified using MTT assay. The cell cycle, apoptosis, and necrosis were analysed by flow cytometry. The wound-healing assay was performed to quantify the migration capacity of treated cells. D17 and MG63 cells had significantly decreased viability after 24 h of treatment. Cell cycle analysis revealed that OSA cells underwent apoptosis when treated with the toxin, whereas COBS cells arrested in the G1 phase. The wound-healing assay showed that D17 and MG63 cells had a significantly reduced migration capacity after treatment. These results point for the first time towards the in vitro inhibitory effects of the reengineered anthrax toxin on OSA cells; this reengineered toxin could be further tested as a new therapy for OSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Mackowiak da Fonseca
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (J.M.d.F.); (I.I.M.d.F.); (M.K.N.); (C.d.O.M.); (A.T.N.)
| | - Ivone Izabel Mackowiak da Fonseca
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (J.M.d.F.); (I.I.M.d.F.); (M.K.N.); (C.d.O.M.); (A.T.N.)
| | - Marcia Kazumi Nagamine
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (J.M.d.F.); (I.I.M.d.F.); (M.K.N.); (C.d.O.M.); (A.T.N.)
| | - Cristina de Oliveira Massoco
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (J.M.d.F.); (I.I.M.d.F.); (M.K.N.); (C.d.O.M.); (A.T.N.)
| | - Adriana Tomoko Nishiya
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (J.M.d.F.); (I.I.M.d.F.); (M.K.N.); (C.d.O.M.); (A.T.N.)
| | | | - Shihui Liu
- Aging Institute and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
| | - Stephen Howard Leppla
- Microbial Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Thomas Henrik Bugge
- Proteases & Tissue Remodeling Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (J.M.d.F.); (I.I.M.d.F.); (M.K.N.); (C.d.O.M.); (A.T.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-30917712
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nolan MW, Green NA, DiVito EM, Lascelles BDX, Haney SM. Impact of radiation dose and pre-treatment pain levels on survival in dogs undergoing radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy for presumed extremity osteosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 18:538-547. [PMID: 32048435 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this bi-institutional retrospective study was to determine whether survival for dogs with extremity osteosarcoma (OS) is improved through the use of stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT; a single fraction of 25 Gy, or 36 Gy total given in three consecutive daily fractions) plus chemotherapy, vs lower dose conventionally planned and delivered hypofractionated radiotherapy (CHRT; 14-20 Gy total in 1-2 consecutive daily fractions) plus chemotherapy. We also sought to determine whether baseline pain severity influences oncologic outcomes following radiotherapy for canine extremity OS. The medical records of 82 dogs undergoing radiotherapy for confirmed or presumed OS were reviewed. In dogs receiving combinations of both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, survival was significantly longer with SRT vs CHRT (median overall survival time: 350 vs 147 days; P = .031). In a univariate analysis, dogs with pulmonary metastases and high pain at the time of irradiation had short overall survival times; use of high radiation doses and chemotherapy were associated with improved survival. Separate multivariable models were built to assess the predictive nature of various factors that might influence event-free or overall survival in dogs treated with radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy; for dogs treated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, overall survival times were significantly longer when baseline pain scores were 'low' (vs 'high'; hazard ratio: 0.258; P = .030), radiation doses were high (hazard ratio: 0.943; P = .034). Neither pain nor radiation dose were associated with survival in dogs treated with radiotherapy, without chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Nolan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Noah A Green
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Elizabeth M DiVito
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - B Duncan X Lascelles
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Translational Research in Pain Program, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Thurston Arthritis Center, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Center for Translational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Siobhan M Haney
- Veterinary CyberKnife Cancer Center, Malvern, Pennsylvania.,Hope Veterinary Specialists, Malvern, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hayes MA, Jemilo S, Muir P, Sullivan R, Bleedorn JA. Pathologic fracture healing after femoral limb salvage in a dog. Aust Vet J 2019; 98:84-89. [PMID: 31792933 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone sarcomas are a significant cause of pain, disability, and mortality in dogs. A variety of surgical limb salvage options are available to preserve limb function with comparable prognosis to amputation. CASE REPORT This report describes successful healing after plate fixation of an undifferentiated sarcoma pathologic femoral fracture in a dog. The fracture was treated surgically with curettage of the tumour site, placement of autogenous bone graft, and then stabilized using a locking plate rod construct. The patient regained excellent mobility after surgery and was managed with monthly pamidronate therapy. Serial radiographs demonstrate progressive healing of the pathologic fracture. Ultimately, the patient developed a maxillary fibrosarcoma and was euthanased 1 year after treatment of the femoral fracture. Postmortem histopathological evaluation of the pathologic fracture site demonstrated complete bone healing. CONCLUSION This case highlights the possibilities of limb salvage by fracture stabilization and bone healing as a viable option in select patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Hayes
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - S Jemilo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - P Muir
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - R Sullivan
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - J A Bleedorn
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nolan MW, Gieger TL. Update in Veterinary Radiation Oncology: Focus on Stereotactic Radiation Therapy. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2019; 49:933-947. [PMID: 31253427 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) involves the precise delivery of highly conformal, dose-intense radiation to well-demarcated tumors. Special equipment and expertise are needed, and a unique biological mechanism distinguishes SRT from other forms of external beam radiotherapy. Families find the convenient schedules and minimal acute toxicity of SRT appealing. Common indications in veterinary oncology include nasal, brain, and bone tumors. Many other solid tumors can also be treated, including spinal, oral, lung, heart-base, liver, adrenal, and prostatic malignancies. Accessibility of SRT is improving, and new data are constantly emerging to define parameters for appropriate case selection, radiation dose prescription, and long-term follow-up."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Nolan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
| | - Tracy L Gieger
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Griffin LR, Thamm DH, Brody A, Selmic LE. Prognostic value of fluorine 18 flourodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 33:820-826. [PMID: 30768736 PMCID: PMC6430893 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Factors indicative of a negative prognosis for appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA) in dogs are visible metastatic disease, location, and size of lesion. In human medicine maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), as measured on a fluorine18 flourodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F‐FDG PET/CT), is prognostic for survival for several tumor types. Objective Determine if SUVmax is associated with progression‐free interval (PFI) and determination of survival in dogs with appendicular OSA. Animals Sixty‐two dogs with untreated appendicular OSA that had been staged with 18F‐FDG PET/CT. Methods Retrospective analysis of the 18F‐FDG PET/CT was performed. Dogs were excluded from the study if they did not receive definitive intent treatment for their primary OSA and adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin, or had visible metastatic disease on initial imaging. A region of interest (ROI) was created around the primary tumor to measure SUVmax. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to evaluate for associations between variables including SUVmax and outcome of PFI and overall survival (OS). Results Maximum standard uptake value of the primary tumor was significantly associated with the OS (P = .04) with adjustment for treatment type and monocyte count. The overall median survival time (OST) was 284 days (range, 39‐1293 days) with the OST of dogs having an SUVmax of ≥7.4 of 254 days (range, 98‐428 days) and dogs with an SUVmax of <7.4 of 680 days (range, 108‐811 days, P = .01). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Maximum standard uptake value as measured via 18F‐FDG PET/CT is significantly associated with survival in dogs with appendicular OSA with a high SUVmax being an indicator of a negative prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn R Griffin
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Ariel Brody
- North Carolina State University Veterinary Hospital, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Laura E Selmic
- Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fan TM, Selting KA. Exploring the Potential Utility of Pet Dogs With Cancer for Studying Radiation-Induced Immunogenic Cell Death Strategies. Front Oncol 2019; 8:680. [PMID: 30697532 PMCID: PMC6340932 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy serves as a foundational pillar for the therapeutic management of diverse solid tumors through the generation of lethal DNA damage and induction of cell death. While the direct cytotoxic effects of radiation therapy remain a cornerstone for cancer management, in the era of immunooncology there is renewed and focused interest in exploiting the indirect bystander activities of radiation, termed abscopal effects. In radioimmunobiologic terms, abscopal effects describe the radiotherapy-induced regression of cancerous lesions distant from the primary site of radiation delivery and rely upon the induction of immunogenic cell death and consequent systemic anticancer immune activation. Despite the promise of radiation therapy for awaking potent anticancer immune responses, the purposeful harnessing of abscopal effects with radiotherapy remain clinically elusive. In part, failure to fully leverage and clinically implement the promise of radiation-induced abscopal effects stems from limitations associated with existing conventional tumor models which inadequately recapitulate the complexity of malignant transformation and the dynamic nature of tumor immune surveillance. To supplement this existing gap in modeling systems, pet dogs diagnosed with solid tumors including melanoma and osteosarcoma, which are both metastatic and immunogenic in nature, could potentially serve as unique resources for exploring the fundamental underpinnings required for maximizing radiation-induced abscopal effects. Given the spontaneous course of cancer development in the context of operative immune mechanisms, pet dogs treated with radiotherapy for metastatic solid tumors might be leveraged as valuable model systems for realizing the science and best clinical practices necessary to generate potent abscopal effects with anti-metastatic immune activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Fan
- Comparative Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Kimberly A Selting
- Comparative Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Swift KE, LaRue SM. Outcome of 9 dogs treated with stereotactic radiation therapy for primary or metastatic vertebral osteosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:E152-E158. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. E. Swift
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado
| | - S. M. LaRue
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Boston SE, Vinayak A, Lu X, Larue S, Bacon NJ, Bleedorn JA, Souza CHM, Ehrhart NP. Outcome and complications in dogs with appendicular primary bone tumors treated with stereotactic radiotherapy and concurrent surgical stabilization. Vet Surg 2017; 46:829-837. [PMID: 28477425 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To document the outcome of dogs with appendicular primary bone tumors treated with stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) and concurrent stabilization. STUDY DESIGN Multi-institutional retrospective case series. ANIMALS Eighteen dogs with presumptive or definitive diagnosis of appendicular osteosarcoma. METHODS Medical records of dogs with appendicular primary bone tumors treated with SRT and stabilization were reviewed for signalment, preoperative staging and diagnostics, radiation dose, stabilization method, and outcome. RESULTS The distal radius was affected in 13/18 cases. Osteosarcoma or sarcoma was confirmed cytologically or histologically in 15/18 cases. Seven dogs were diagnosed with a pathological fracture at the time of treatment, and 11 were considered at high risk for pathological fracture. Dogs received a single dose (n = 5) or 3 doses (n = 13) of SRT. Surgical stabilization was performed under the same anesthetic event as the final dose of SRT in 10 dogs. Stabilization was achieved with a bone plate (n = 15) or interlocking nail (n = 3). Seventeen dogs received adjuvant chemotherapy. Complications occurred in 16/17 dogs, 15/17 of those being considered major complications. Four dogs experienced more than one complication. Infection was the most common complication, diagnosed in 15/17 cases, and considered as a major complication in 13/15 cases. Postoperative fracture was recorded as a major complication in 3 cases. Nine dogs were amputated at a median of 152 days. The median survival time was 344 days. CONCLUSION Treatment of bone tumors with SRT and concurrent stabilization was associated with a prohibitively high complication rate in dogs. Alternative methods for limb salvage should be considered for dogs at risk for pathologic fracture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Boston
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Arathi Vinayak
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Xiaomin Lu
- Department of Biostatistics & Children's Oncology Group, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Susan Larue
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | | | - Jason A Bleedorn
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Carlos H M Souza
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Nicole P Ehrhart
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Garcia TC, Steffey MA, Zwingenberger AL, Daniel L, Stover SM. CT-derived indices of canine osteosarcoma-affected antebrachial strength. Vet Surg 2017; 46:549-558. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya C. Garcia
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology Surgical, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; Davis California
| | - Michele A. Steffey
- Department of Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; Davis California
| | - Allison L. Zwingenberger
- Department of Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; Davis California
| | - Leticia Daniel
- Department of Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; Davis California
| | - Susan M. Stover
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology Surgical, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; Davis California
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Steffey MA, Garcia TC, Daniel L, Zwingenberger AL, Stover SM. Mechanical properties of canine osteosarcoma-affected antebrachia. Vet Surg 2017; 46:539-548. [PMID: 28152185 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of neoplasia on the biomechanical properties of canine antebrachia. STUDY DESIGN Ex vivo biomechanical study. SAMPLE POPULATION Osteosarcoma (OSA)-affected canine antebrachia (n = 12) and unaffected canine antebrachia (n = 9). METHODS Antebrachia were compressed in axial loading until failure. A load-deformation curve was used to acquire the structural mechanical properties of neoplastic and unaffected specimens. Structural properties and properties normalized by body weight (BW) and radius length were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Modes of failure were compared descriptively. RESULTS Neoplastic antebrachia fractured at, or adjacent to, the OSA in the distal radial diaphysis. Unaffected antebrachia failed via mid-diaphyseal radial fractures with a transverse cranial component and an oblique caudal component. Structural mechanical properties were more variable in neoplastic antebrachia than unaffected antebrachia, which was partially attributable to differences in bone geometry related to dog size. When normalized by dog BW and radial length, strength, stiffness, and energy to yield and failure, were lower in neoplastic antebrachia than in unaffected antebrachia. CONCLUSIONS OSA of the distal radial metaphysis in dogs presented for limb amputation markedly compromises the structural integrity of affected antebrachia. However, biomechanical properties of affected bones was sufficient for weight-bearing, as none of the neoplastic antebrachia fractured before amputation. The behavior of tumor invaded bone under cyclic loading warrants further investigations to evaluate the viability of in situ therapies for bone tumors in dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele A Steffey
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California
| | - Tanya C Garcia
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California
| | - Leticia Daniel
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California
| | - Allison L Zwingenberger
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California
| | - Susan M Stover
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Szewczyk M, Lechowski R, Zabielska K. What do we know about canine osteosarcoma treatment? Review. Vet Res Commun 2014; 39:61-7. [PMID: 25422073 PMCID: PMC4330401 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-014-9623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common type of bone tumors in dogs, which has high metastasis ability. 80 % of dogs with OSA die due to lung metastasis. As a result its treatment is a challenge for veterinary practitioners. The authors discuss the etiology, pathogenesis and the possible risk factors of OSA. The article focuses on literature review and the study of recent advances in OSA treatment. The authors describe therapies which have significantly prolonged the lives of dogs, as well as those that have proven to be ineffective. Advantages and disadvantages of limb amputation and limb-sparing surgery have been described. Authors present also the results of both single agent’s therapies with the most commonly used drugs as cisplatin, carboplatin and doxorubicin and compare them to the results obtained using combined chemotherapy. The use of nanotechnology as a new approach in OSA treatment in order to avoid multidrug resistance and reduce negative side effects of cytostatic drugs is presented. The main reasons of the therapies failure are also provided in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Szewczyk
- Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - R. Lechowski
- Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K. Zabielska
- Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Pain is a widespread clinical symptom in companion animals with cancer, and its aggressive management should be a priority. Education and skills can be acquired by health care professionals and caregivers to better understand, recognize, and treat cancer-associated pain. The early and rational institution of multimodality analgesic protocols can be highly effective and maximize the chances of improving quality of life in dogs and cats with cancer. This article describes the pathophysiology of pain in companion animals diagnosed with cancer. The foundational causes of cancer-associated pain and treatment strategies for alleviating discomfort in companion animals with cancer are discussed.
Collapse
|