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Loock M, Antunes LB, Heslop RT, De Lauri AA, Brito Lira A, Cestari I. High-Efficiency Transformation and Expression of Genomic Libraries in Yeast. Methods Protoc 2023; 6:89. [PMID: 37736972 PMCID: PMC10514863 DOI: 10.3390/mps6050089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a powerful system for the expression of genome-wide or combinatorial libraries for diverse types of screening. However, expressing large libraries in yeast requires high-efficiency transformation and controlled expression. Transformation of yeast using electroporation methods is more efficient than chemical methods; however, protocols described for electroporation require large amounts of linearized plasmid DNA and often yield approximately 106 cfu/µg of plasmid DNA. We optimized the electroporation of yeast cells for the expression of whole-genome libraries to yield up to 108 cfu/µg plasmid DNA. The protocol generates sufficient transformants for 10-100× coverage of diverse genome libraries with small amounts of genomic libraries (0.1 µg of DNA per reaction) and provides guidance on calculations to estimate library size coverage and transformation efficiency. It describes the preparation of electrocompetent yeast cells with lithium acetate and dithiothreitol conditioning step and the transformation of cells by electroporation with carrier DNA. We validated the protocol using three yeast surface display libraries and demonstrated using nanopore sequencing that libraries' size and diversity are preserved. Moreover, expression analysis confirmed library functionality and the method's efficacy. Hence, this protocol yields a sufficient representation of the genome of interest for downstream screening purposes while limiting the amount of the genomic library required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Loock
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | | | - Rhiannon T Heslop
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and One Health Consortium, Faculté de Pharmacie de Tours, 31, Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | | | - Andressa Brito Lira
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
- Program of Postgraduate Studies in Natural Products and Synthetic Bioactives, Federal University of Paraıba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Igor Cestari
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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Bernardini G, Braconi D, Martelli P, Santucci A. Postgenomics ofNeisseria meningitidisfor vaccines development. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 4:667-77. [DOI: 10.1586/14789450.4.5.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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