1
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Lindström HJG, de Wijn AS, Friedman R. Interplay of mutations, alternate mechanisms, and treatment breaks in leukaemia: Understanding and implications studied with stochastic models. Comput Biol Med 2024; 169:107826. [PMID: 38101118 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Bcr-Abl1 kinase domain mutations are the most prevalent cause of treatment resistance in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Alternate resistance pathways nevertheless exist, and cell line experiments show certain patterns in the gain, and loss, of some of these alternate adaptations. These adaptations have clinical consequences when the tumour develops mechanisms that are beneficial to its growth under treatment, but slow down its growth when not treated. The results of temporarily halting treatment in CML have not been widely discussed in the clinic and there is no robust theoretical model that could suggest when such a pause in therapy can be tolerated. We constructed a dynamic model of how mechanisms such as Bcr-Abl1 overexpression and drug transporter upregulation evolve to produce resistance in cell lines, and investigate its behaviour subject to different treatment schedules, in particular when the treatment is paused ('drug holiday'). Our study results suggest that the presence of additional resistance mechanisms creates an environment which favours mutations that are either preexisting or occur late during treatment. Importantly, the results suggest the existence of tumour drug addiction, where cancer cells become dependent on the drug for (optimal) survival, which could be exploited through a treatment holiday. All simulation code is available at https://github.com/Sandalmoth/dual-adaptation.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/therapeutic use
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Mutation
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jonathan G Lindström
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, SE-39182, Sweden
| | - Astrid S de Wijn
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, , Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Ran Friedman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, SE-39182, Sweden.
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2
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Martínez-Castillo M, Gómez-Romero L, Tovar H, Olarte-Carrillo I, García-Laguna A, Barranco-Lampón G, De la Cruz-Rosas A, Martínez-Tovar A, Hernández-Zavala A, Córdova EJ. Genetic alterations in the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene related to imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2023; 131:107325. [PMID: 37302352 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2023.107325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Use of the potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib as the first-line treatment in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has decreased mortality from 20% to 2%. Approximately 30% of CML patients experience imatinib resistance, however, largely because of point mutations in the kinase domain of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. The aim of this study was to use next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify mutations related to imatinib resistance. The study included 22 patients diagnosed with CML and experiencing no clinical response to imatinib. Total RNA was used for cDNA synthesis, with amplification of a fragment encompassing the BCR-ABL1 kinase domain using a nested-PCR approach. Sanger and NGS were applied to detect genetic alterations. HaplotypeCaller was used for variant calling, and STAR-Fusion software was applied for fusion breakpoint identification. After sequencing analysis, F311I, F317L, and E450K mutations were detected respectively in three different participants, and in another two patients, single nucleotide variants in BCR (rs9608100, rs140506, rs16802) and ABL1 (rs35011138) were detected. Eleven patients carried e14a2 transcripts, nine had e13a2 transcripts, and both transcripts were identified in one patient. One patient had co-expression of e14a2 and e14a8 transcripts. The results identify candidate single nucleotide variants and co-expressed BCR-ABL1 transcripts in cellular resistance to imatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macario Martínez-Castillo
- Section of Research and Postgraduate Studies, Superior School of Medicine, National Institute Polytechnique, Casco de Santo Tomás, 11350 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Gómez-Romero
- Bioinformatics Department, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Arenal Tepepan, 14610 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Tovar
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Arenal Tepepan, 14610 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Irma Olarte-Carrillo
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Service of Hematology, Hospital General de Mexico "Dr. Eduardo Licega" Dr Balmis, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anel García-Laguna
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Service of Hematology, Hospital General de Mexico "Dr. Eduardo Licega" Dr Balmis, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Barranco-Lampón
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Service of Hematology, Hospital General de Mexico "Dr. Eduardo Licega" Dr Balmis, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adrián De la Cruz-Rosas
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Service of Hematology, Hospital General de Mexico "Dr. Eduardo Licega" Dr Balmis, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adolfo Martínez-Tovar
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Service of Hematology, Hospital General de Mexico "Dr. Eduardo Licega" Dr Balmis, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Araceli Hernández-Zavala
- Section of Research and Postgraduate Studies, Superior School of Medicine, National Institute Polytechnique, Casco de Santo Tomás, 11350 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emilio J Córdova
- Oncogenomics Consortium Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Clinic Research, Arenal Tepepan, 14610 Mexico City, Mexico.
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3
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Kumar V, Singh P, Gupta SK, Ali V, Jyotirmayee, Verma M. Alterations in cellular metabolisms after Imatinib therapy: a review. Med Oncol 2022; 39:95. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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4
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Ghosh K. Tyrosine kinase domain mutations in chronic myelogenous leukemia patients: Indian perspective. J Postgrad Med 2022; 68:70-71. [PMID: 35417998 PMCID: PMC9196287 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.343150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Ghosh
- Fmr. Director, National Institute of Immunohaematology, KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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5
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Geskovski N, Matevska-Geshkovska N, Dimchevska Sazdovska S, Glavas Dodov M, Mladenovska K, Goracinova K. The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 12:375-401. [PMID: 33981532 PMCID: PMC8093552 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.12.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine has emerged as a novel cancer treatment and diagnostic modality, whose design constantly evolves towards increasing the safety and efficacy of the chemotherapeutic and diagnostic protocols. Molecular diagnostics, which create a great amount of data related to the unique molecular signatures of each tumor subtype, have emerged as an important tool for detailed profiling of tumors. They provide an opportunity to develop targeting agents for early detection and diagnosis, and to select the most effective combinatorial treatment options. Alongside, the design of the nanoscale carriers needs to cope with novel trends of molecular screening. Also, multiple targeting ligands needed for robust and specific interactions with the targeted cell populations have to be introduced, which should result in substantial improvements in safety and efficacy of the cancer treatment. This article will focus on novel design strategies for nanoscale drug delivery systems, based on the unique molecular signatures of myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors, and the impact of novel discoveries in molecular tumor profiles on future chemotherapeutic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Geskovski
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Nadica Matevska-Geshkovska
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biomolecular Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Simona Dimchevska Sazdovska
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Marija Glavas Dodov
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Kristina Mladenovska
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Katerina Goracinova
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
- College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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6
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Singh P, Kumar V, Gupta SK, Kumari G, Verma M. Combating TKI resistance in CML by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in combination with TKIs: a review. Med Oncol 2021; 38:10. [PMID: 33452624 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a myeloproliferative hematopoietic cancer, is caused by a genetic translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This translocation produces a small Philadelphia chromosome, which contains the Bcr-Abl oncogene. The Bcr-Abl oncogene encodes the BCR-ABL protein, upregulates various signaling pathways (JAK-STAT, MAPK/ERK, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR), and out of which the specifically highly active pathway is the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Among early treatments for CML, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) were found to be the most effective, but drug resistance against kinase inhibitors led to the discovery of novel alternative therapies. At this point, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway components became new targets due to stimulation of this pathway in TKIs-resistant CML patients. The current review article deals with reviewing the scientific literature on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors listed in the National Cancer Institute (NCI) drug dictionary and proved effective against multiple cancers. And out of those enlisted inhibitors, the US FDA has also approved some PI3K inhibitors (Idelalisib, Copanlisib, and Duvelisib) and mTOR inhibitors (Everolimus, Sirolimus, and Temsirolimus) for cancer therapy. So far, several inhibitors have been tested, and further investigations are still ongoing. Even in Imatinib, Nilotinib, and Ponatinib-resistant CML cells, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, BEZ235, showed antiproliferative activity. Therefore, by considering the literature data of these reviews and further examining some of the reported inhibitors, which proved effective against the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in multiple cancers, may improve the therapeutic approaches towards TKI-resistant CML cells where the respective signaling pathway gets upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Veerandra Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Sonu Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Gudia Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Malkhey Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India. .,School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
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7
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Burin SM, Cacemiro MDC, Cominal JG, Grandis RAD, Machado ART, Donaires FS, Cintra ACO, Ambrosio L, Antunes LMG, Sampaio SV, de Castro FA. Bothrops moojeni L-amino acid oxidase induces apoptosis and epigenetic modulation on Bcr-Abl + cells. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2020; 26:e20200123. [PMID: 33354202 PMCID: PMC7737401 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2020-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Resistance to apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is associated with
constitutive tyrosine kinase activity of the Bcr-Abl oncoprotein. The
deregulated expression of apoptosis-related genes and alteration in
epigenetic machinery may also contribute to apoptosis resistance in CML.
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors target the Bcr-Abl oncoprotein and are used in
CML treatment. The resistance of CML patients to tyrosine kinase inhibitors
has guided the search for new compounds that may induce apoptosis in
Bcr-Abl+ leukemic cells and improve the disease
treatment. Methods: In the present study, we investigated whether the L-amino acid oxidase
isolated from Bothrops moojeni snake venom (BmooLAAO-I) (i)
was cytotoxic to Bcr-Abl+ cell lines (HL-60.Bcr-Abl, K562-S, and
K562-R), HL-60 (acute promyelocytic leukemia) cells, the non-tumor cell line
HEK-293, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); and (ii) affected
epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and microRNAs expression
in vitro. Results: BmooLAAO-I induced ROS production, apoptosis, and differential DNA
methylation pattern of regulatory apoptosis genes. The toxin upregulated
expression of the pro-apoptotic genes BID and
FADD and downregulated DFFA expression
in leukemic cell lines, as well as increased miR-16 expression - whose major
predicted target is the anti-apoptotic gene BCL2 - in
Bcr-Abl+ cells. Conclusion: BmooLAAO-I exerts selective antitumor action mediated by
H2O2 release and induces apoptosis, and
alterations in epigenetic mechanisms. These results support future
investigations on the effect of BmooLAAO-I on in vivo
models to determine its potential in CML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Mara Burin
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maira da Costa Cacemiro
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Juçara Gastaldi Cominal
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rone Aparecido De Grandis
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita Thomazela Machado
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavia Sacilotto Donaires
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Adelia Cristina Oliveira Cintra
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Ambrosio
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Suely Vilela Sampaio
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Attié de Castro
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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8
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Jiang L, Wen C, He Q, Sun Y, Wang J, Lan X, Rohondia S, Dou QP, Shi X, Liu J. Pseudolaric acid B induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis in both imatinib-sensitive and -resistant chronic myeloid leukaemia cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 876:173064. [PMID: 32179085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The selective BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib is one of the first-line therapies in the management of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). However, acquired resistance to this inhibitor, which is especially conferred by the T315I point mutation in BCR-ABL, impedes the efficacy of imatinib therapy. Therefore, the discovery and development of novel agents to overcome imatinib resistance is urgently needed. Pseudolaric acid B (PAB), a small molecule isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Cortex pseudolaricis, has been reported to be a potential candidate for immune disorders and cancer treatment. However, its effects on CML and the involved molecular mechanism have not been reported. In the current study, by performing both in vitro and in vivo experiments in CML cells, we showed that PAB blocked the cell cycle at G2/M phase and subsequently activated the caspase pathway, cleaved the BCR-ABL protein and inhibited the BCR-ABL downstream pathways, ultimately leading to cell proliferation inhibition, cytotoxicity and apoptosis. These events were observed in both imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-insensitive CML cell lines. Moreover, PAB decreased the viability of primary blood mononuclear cells from CML patients and induced apoptosis in these cells. Our findings suggest that PAB could be used as a novel agent to sensitize imatinib-resistant CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Jiang
- Guangzhou Municiple and Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuangyu Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingyan He
- Guangzhou Municiple and Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuening Sun
- Guangzhou Municiple and Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinxiang Wang
- Guangzhou Municiple and Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoying Lan
- Guangzhou Municiple and Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sagar Rohondia
- The Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Guangzhou Municiple and Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; The Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Xianping Shi
- Guangzhou Municiple and Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Guangzhou Municiple and Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Lettnin AP, Wagner EF, Carrett-Dias M, Dos Santos Machado K, Werhli A, Cañedo AD, Trindade GS, de Souza Votto AP. Silencing the OCT4-PG1 pseudogene reduces OCT-4 protein levels and changes characteristics of the multidrug resistance phenotype in chronic myeloid leukemia. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:1873-1884. [PMID: 30721421 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04639-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells show epigenetic plasticity and intrinsic resistance to anti-cancer therapy, rendering capable of initiating cancer relapse and progression. Transcription factor OCT-4 regulates various pathways in stem cells, but its expression can be regulated by pseudogenes. This work evaluated how OCT4-PG1 pseudogene can affect OCT-4 expression and mechanisms related to the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype in FEPS cells. Considering that OCT-4 protein is a transcription factor that regulates expression of ABC transporters, level of gene expression, activity of ABC proteins and cell sensitivity to chemotherapy were evaluated after OCT4-PG1 silencing. Besides we set up a STRING network. Results showed that after OCT4-PG1 silencing, cells expressed OCT-4 gene and protein to a lesser extent than mock cells. The gene and protein expression of ABCB1, as well as its activity were reduced. On the other hand, ALOX5 and ABCC1 genes was increased even as the activity of this transporter. Moreover, the silencing cells become sensitive to two chemotherapics tested. The network structure demonstrated that OCT4-PG1 protein interacts directly with OCT-4, SOX2, and NANOG and indirectly with ABC transporters. We conclude that OCT4-PG1 pseudogene plays a key role in the regulation OCT-4 transcription factor, which alters MDR phenotype in the FEPS cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Portantiolo Lettnin
- Post-Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - PPGCF, Federal University of Rio Grande -FURG, Avenue Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Zip Code 96203-900, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Culture, Institute of Biological Sciences - ICB, Federal University of Rio Grande -FURG, Avenue Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Zip Code 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Felipe Wagner
- Laboratory of Cell Culture, Institute of Biological Sciences - ICB, Federal University of Rio Grande -FURG, Avenue Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Zip Code 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Michele Carrett-Dias
- Post-Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - PPGCF, Federal University of Rio Grande -FURG, Avenue Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Zip Code 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Karina Dos Santos Machado
- Center of Computational Sciences - C3, Federal University of Rio Grande -FURG, Avenue Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Zip Code 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Adriano Werhli
- Center of Computational Sciences - C3, Federal University of Rio Grande -FURG, Avenue Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Zip Code 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Andrés Delgado Cañedo
- Federal University of Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Avenue Antônio Trilha, 1847, São Gabriel, RS, Zip Code 97300-000, Brazil
| | - Gilma Santos Trindade
- Post-Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - PPGCF, Federal University of Rio Grande -FURG, Avenue Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Zip Code 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Souza Votto
- Post-Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - PPGCF, Federal University of Rio Grande -FURG, Avenue Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Zip Code 96203-900, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Cell Culture, Institute of Biological Sciences - ICB, Federal University of Rio Grande -FURG, Avenue Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Zip Code 96203-900, Brazil. .,Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Avenida Itália, Km 8, s/n, Rio Grande, RS, Zip Code 96203-900, Brazil.
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10
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Genomic amplification of BCR-ABL1 fusion gene and its impact on the disease progression mechanism in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Gene 2018; 686:85-91. [PMID: 30399426 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Identification of BCR-ABL1 fusion gene amplification status is critically important in the effective management of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients. Earlier reports suggested that overexpression of BCR-ABL1 either through amplification of BCR-ABL1 fusion gene or by the up regulation of BCR-ABL1 transcript level might be an early phenomenon in the establishment of IM resistance and disease evolution in CML. In the current study, we performed dual color dual fusion locus specific BCR/ABL1 FISH analysis along with karyotype analysis using GTG banding (G-banding using trypsin and Giemsa) technique in 489 patients with different clinical stages of CML at diagnosis or during the course of the disease to unravel the spectrum of BCR-ABL1 fusion gene amplification status. Among the study group analyzed, it was found that prevalence of occurrence of BCR-ABL1 fusion gene amplification was significantly higher in advanced stages of disease and in IM resistant CML-CP patients when compared to initial stage of disease, de novo CML-CP. Cytogenetic and metaphase FISH characterization on our study samples revealed that BCR-ABL1 fusion gene amplification was occurred through the formation of extra copies Ph chromosomes and isoderived Ph chromosomes. Current study suggests that unrestrained activity of BCR-ABL1 played a vital role in resistance to targeted therapy and disease evolution in CML. In our study population, patients in progressive stage CML and in IM resistant CP with multiple copies of BCR-ABL1 fusion gene displayed a poor response to targeted treatment with IM. Hence, the early identification of BCR-ABL1 fusion gene amplification using FISH technique will lead to improved interventions and outcome in future CML patients.
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11
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Platinum pyrithione induces apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells resistant to imatinib via DUB inhibition-dependent caspase activation and Bcr-Abl downregulation. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2913. [PMID: 28682311 PMCID: PMC5550844 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is characterized by the chimeric tyrosine kinase Bcr-Abl. T315I Bcr-Abl is the most notorious point mutation to elicit acquired resistance to imatinib (IM), leading to poor prognosis. Therefore, it is urgent to search for additional approaches and targeting strategies to overcome IM resistance. We recently reported that platinum pyrithione (PtPT) potently inhibits the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) via targeting the 26 S proteasome-associated deubiquitinases (DUBs), without effecting on the 20 S proteasome. Here we further report that (i) PtPT induces apoptosis in Bcr-Abl wild-type and Bcr-Abl-T315I mutation cells including the primary mononuclear cells from CML patients clinically resistant to IM, as well as inhibits the growth of IM-resistant Bcr-Abl-T315I xenografts in vivo; (ii) PtPT downregulates Bcr-Abl level through restraining Bcr-Abl transcription, and decreasing Bcr-Abl protein mediated by DUBs inhibition-induced caspase activation; (iii) UPS inhibition is required for PtPT-induced caspase activation and cell apoptosis. These findings support that PtPT overcomes IM resistance through both Bcr-Abl-dependent and -independent mechanisms. We conclude that PtPT can be a lead compound for further drug development to overcome imatinib resistance in CML patients.
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Lan X, Zhao C, Chen X, Zhang P, Zang D, Wu J, Chen J, Long H, Yang L, Huang H, Carter BZ, Wang X, Shi X, Liu J. Nickel pyrithione induces apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells resistant to imatinib via both Bcr/Abl-dependent and Bcr/Abl-independent mechanisms. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:129. [PMID: 27884201 PMCID: PMC5123219 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired imatinib (IM) resistance is frequently characterized by Bcr-Abl mutations that affect IM binding and kinase inhibition in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Bcr-Abl-T315I mutation is the predominant mechanism of the acquired resistance to IM. Therefore, it is urgent to search for additional approaches and targeting strategies to overcome IM resistance. We recently reported that nickel pyrithione (NiPT) potently inhibits the ubiquitin proteasome system via targeting the 19S proteasome-associated deubiquitinases (UCHL5 and USP14), without effecting on the 20S proteasome. In this present study, we investigated the effect of NiPT, a novel proteasomal deubiquitinase inhibitor, on cell survival or apoptosis in CML cells bearing Bcr-Abl-T315I or wild-type Bcr-Abl. METHODS Cell viability was examined by MTS assay and trypan blue exclusion staining assay in KBM5, KBM5R, K562, BaF3-p210-WT, BaF3-p210-T315I cells, and CML patients' bone marrow samples treated with NiPT. Cell apoptosis in CML cells was detected with Annexin V-FITC/PI and rhodamine-123 staining followed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry and with western blot analyses for apoptosis-associated proteins. Expression levels of Bcr-Abl in CML cells were analyzed by using western blotting and real-time PCR. The 20S proteasome peptidase activity was measured using specific fluorogenic substrate. Active-site-directed labeling of proteasomal DUBs, as well as the phosphorylation of USP14 was used for evaluating the inhibition of the DUBs activity by NiPT. Mouse xenograft models of KBM5 and KBM5R cells were analyzed, and Bcr-Abl-related proteins and protein biomarkers related to proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion in tumor tissues were detected by western blots and/or immunohistological analyses. RESULTS NiPT induced apoptosis in CML cells and inhibited the growth of IM-resistant Bcr-Abl-T315I xenografts in nude mice. Mechanistically, NiPT induced decreases in Bcr-Abl proteins, which were associated with downregulation of Bcr-Abl transcription and with the cleavage of Bcr-Abl protein by activated caspases. NiPT-induced ubiquitin proteasome system inhibition induced caspase activation in both IM-resistant and IM-sensitive CML cells, and the caspase activation was required for NiPT-induced Bcr-Abl downregulation and apoptotic cell death. CONCLUSIONS These findings support that NiPT can overcome IM resistance through both Bcr-Abl-dependent and Bcr-Abl-independent mechanisms, providing potentially a new option for CML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Lan
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Peiquan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Dan Zang
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Jinjie Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Jinghong Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Huidan Long
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Hongbiao Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Bing Z Carter
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China.,Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, 57069, USA
| | - Xianping Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China. .,Department of Pathophysiology, Protein modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China. .,Department of Pathophysiology, Protein modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, People's Republic of China.
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Rosa Fernandes L, Stern ACB, Cavaglieri RDC, Nogueira FCS, Domont G, Palmisano G, Bydlowski SP. 7-Ketocholesterol overcomes drug resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia cell lines beyond MDR1 mechanism. J Proteomics 2016; 151:12-23. [PMID: 27343758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease with a characteristic BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase (TK) fusion protein. Despite the clinical efficacy accomplished by TKIs therapies, disease progression may affect patient response rate to these inhibitors due to a multitude of factors that could lead to development of a mechanism known as multidrug resistance (MDR). 7-Ketocholesterol (7KC) is an oxidized cholesterol derivative that has been extensively reported to cause cell death in a variety of cancer models. In this study, we showed the in vitro efficacy of 7KC against MDR leukemia cell line, Lucena. 7KC treatment induced reduction in cell viability, together with apoptosis-mediated cell death. Moreover, downregulation of MDR protein caused intracellular drug accumulation and 7KC co-incubation with either Daunorubicin or Vincristine reduced cell viability compared to the use of each drug alone. Additionally, quantitative label-free mass spectrometry-based protein quantification showed alteration of different molecular pathways involved in cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and misfolded protein response. Conclusively, this study highlights the effect of 7KC as a sensitizing agent of multidrug resistance CML and elucidates its molecular mechanisms. SIGNIFICANCE CML patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have showed a 5-year estimated overall survival of 89%, with cumulative complete cytogenetic response of 87%. However, development of drug resistance is a common feature of the disease progression. This study aimed at showing the effect of 7KC as a cytotoxic and sensitizing agent of multidrug resistance CML cell lines. The cellular and molecular basis of this compound were elucidated using a comprehensive strategy based on quantitative proteomic and cell biology assays. We showed that 7KC induced cell death and overcomes drug resistance in CML through mechanisms that go beyond the classical MDR1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Rosa Fernandes
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology (LIM31), University of São Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Bassi Stern
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology (LIM31), University of São Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Cavaglieri
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology (LIM31), University of São Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gilberto Domont
- Proteomic Unit, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Palmisano
- GlycoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Parasitology, ICB, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sérgio Paulo Bydlowski
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology (LIM31), University of São Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Burin SM, Ghisla S, Ouchida AT, Aissa AF, Coelho MGB, Costa TR, Marsola APZC, Pinto-Simões B, Antunes LMG, Curti C, Sampaio SV, de Castro FA. CR-LAAO antileukemic effect against Bcr-Abl(+) cells is mediated by apoptosis and hydrogen peroxide. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 86:309-20. [PMID: 26812110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the presence of the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase protein, which confers resistance to apoptosis in leukemic cells. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effectively used to treat CML; however, CML patients in the advanced (CML-AP) and chronic (CML-CP) phases of the disease are usually resistant to TKI therapy. Thus, it is necessary to seek for novel agents to treat CML, such as the enzyme l-amino acid oxidase from Calloselasma rhodostoma (CR-LAAO) snake venom. We examined the antitumor effect of CR-LAAO in Bcr-Abl(+) cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy subjects and CML patients. CR-LAAO was more cytotoxic towards Bcr-Abl(+) cell lines than towards healthy subjects' PBMC. The H2O2 produced during the enzymatic action of CR-LAAO mediated its cytotoxic effect. The CR-LAAO induced apoptosis in Bcr-Abl(+) cells, as detected by caspases 3, 8, and 9 activation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA damage. CR-LAAO elicited apoptosis in PBMC from CML-CP patients without TKI treatment more strongly than in PBMC from healthy subjects and TKI-treated CML-CP and CML-AP patients. The antitumor effect of CR-LAAO against Bcr-Abl(+) cells makes this toxin a promising candidate to CML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Mara Burin
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Sandro Ghisla
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Amanda Tomie Ouchida
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Ferro Aissa
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maria Gabriela Berzoti Coelho
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Tássia Rafaella Costa
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Zambuzi Cardoso Marsola
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Belinda Pinto-Simões
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Curti
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Suely Vilela Sampaio
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fabíola Attié de Castro
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Dual-inhibitors of STAT5 and STAT3: studies from molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2399. [PMID: 25098340 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2399-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Although molecularly targeted therapy with imatinib has improved treatments of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), clinical resistance gradually develops in patients with accelerated or blast phase CML. The inability of imatinib to cure CML suggests that inactivation of BCR-ABL kinase activity alone is not sufficient to control the disease. Aberrant STAT signaling and constitutive STAT5 or STAT3 activation are frequently found in both acute and chronic leukemia. Constitutive activation of STAT5 and STAT3 are associated with imatinib resistance on leukemia cells. Development of drugs targeting SH2 domains of STAT5 and STAT3 provides a novel strategy for the treatment of the imatinib-resistant CML. Here, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the interactions of the drugs targeting STAT3 and STAT5 receptors at molecular level. The calculated binding free energies are consistent with the ranking of the experimental affinities and our simulations also explained their differences in binding energy. Then virtual screening based on molecular docking and molecular dynamics was applied to screen a set of ~1500 compounds for dual inhibitors of the SH2 domains of STAT5 and STAT3. Three top score compounds obtained in virtual screening were compound 660, 304, and 561. Results show that the three predicted dual-inhibitors are well fitted within the two binding domains and are predicted to present improved STAT5 and STAT3 SH2 inhibitory activity.
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Radujkovic A, Luft T, Dreger P, Ho AD, Jens Zeller W, Fruehauf S, Topaly J. In vitro testing of drug combinations employing nilotinib and alkylating agents with regard to pretransplant conditioning treatment of advanced-phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 74:427-32. [PMID: 25038611 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2533-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prognosis of patients with advanced-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) remains dismal despite the availability of targeted therapies and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). Increasing the antileukemic efficacy of the pretransplant conditioning regimen may be a strategy to increase remission rates and duration. We therefore investigated the antiproliferative effects of nilotinib in combination with drugs that are usually used for conditioning: the alkylating agents mafosfamide, treosulfan, and busulfan. METHODS Drug combinations were tested in vitro in different imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-resistant BCR-ABL-positive cell lines. A tetrazolium-based MTT assay was used for the assessment and quantification of growth inhibition after exposure to alkylating agents alone or to combinations with nilotinib. Drug interaction was analyzed using the median-effect method of Chou and Talalay, and combination index (CI) values were calculated according to the classic isobologram equation. RESULTS Treatment of imatinib-sensitive, BCR-ABL-positive K562 and LAMA84 cells with nilotinib in combination with mafosfamide, treosulfan, or busulfan resulted in synergistic (CI < 1), additive (CI ~ 1), and predominantly antagonistic (CI > 1) effects, respectively. In imatinib-resistant K562-R and LAMA84-R cells, all applied drug combinations were synergistic (CI < 1) at higher growth inhibition levels. CONCLUSIONS Our in vitro data warrant further investigation and may provide the basis for nilotinib-supplemented conditioning regimens for allo-SCT in advanced-phase CML.
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MicroRNA-520a-5p displays a therapeutic effect upon chronic myelogenous leukemia cells by targeting STAT3 and enhances the anticarcinogenic role of capsaicin. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8733-42. [PMID: 24870597 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been previously demonstrated for having essential roles in a wide range of cancer types including leukemia. Antiproliferative or proapoptotic effects of capsaicin have been reported in several cancers. We aimed to study miRNAs involved in the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway in chronic myeloid leukemia cell model and the effects of the capsaicin treatment on cell proliferation and miRNA regulation. miR-520a-5p expression was extremely downregulated in capsaicin-treated cells. Repressing the level of miR-520a-5p by transient transfection with specific miRNA inhibitor oligonucleotides resulted in induced inhibition of proliferation in leukemic cells. According to bioinformatics analysis, STAT3 messenger RNA was predicted as a putative miR-520a-5p target; which was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation inhibition was enhanced upon knockdown of STAT3 by RNA interference applications, but when miR-520a-5p inhibitor was additionally transfected onto STAT3 silenced cells, cell viability was dramatically decreased in leukemia cells. Finally, we observed the effects of capsaicin following miR-520a-5p inhibitor transfection upon cell proliferation, apoptosis, and STAT3 expression levels. We determined that, downregulation of miR-520a-5p affected the proliferation inhibition enhanced by capsaicin and reduced STAT3 mRNA and protein expression levels and increased apoptotic cell number. In summary, miR-520a-5p displays a therapeutic effect by targeting STAT3 and impacting the anticancer effects of capsaicin; whereas capsaicin, potentially through the miR-520a-5p/STAT3 interaction, induces apoptosis and inhibits K562 leukemic cell proliferation with need of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Beck
- Medical Genomics, Cancer Biology Department, UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tony Ng
- Richard Dimbleby Department of Cancer Research, Randall Division and Division of Cancer Studies, Kings College London, Guy's Medical School Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK ; Department of Molecular Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK ; Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Unit, Department of Research Oncology, Guy's Hospital King's College London School of Medicine, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Joshi D, Chandrakala S, Korgaonkar S, Ghosh K, Vundinti BR. Down-regulation of miR-199b associated with imatinib drug resistance in 9q34.1 deleted BCR/ABL positive CML patients. Gene 2014; 542:109-12. [PMID: 24680705 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) occurs due to t(9,22) (q34;q11) and molecularly BCR/ABL gene fusion. About 15-18% Philadelphia positive CML patients have gene deletions around the translocation breakpoints on 9q34.1. The microRNAs (miRNAs), namely miR-219-2 and miR-199b, centromeric to the ABL1 gene are frequently lost in CML patients. We have designed a study to determine miR-219-2 and miR-199b expression levels which would help to understand the prognosis of imatinib therapy. A total of 150 CML patients were analyzed to identify 9q deletion. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) was performed using BCR/ABL dual color, dual fusion probe to study the signal pattern and BAC probes for miR-199b and miR-219-2 (RP11-339B21 and RP11-395P17) to study the miRNA deletions. The expression level of miRNA was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). FISH analysis revealed 9q34.1 deletion in 34 (23%) CML patients. The deletions were not detected using BAC probes for miRNAs in 9q deleted patients. The expression analysis showed down-regulation of miR-199b and miR-219-2 in the 9q deleted patients (34 CML) as compared to a pool of patients without deletion. However, miR-199b (9q34.11) was significantly (p=0.001) down-regulated compared to miR-219-2. The follow-up study showed that the miR-199b was found to be strongly associated with imatinib resistance, as 44.11% patients showed resistance to imatinib therapy. Hence, the deletion in 9q34.1 region (ABL) plays an important role in disease pathogenesis. Eventually, miRNAs can provide new therapeutic strategies and can be used as a prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolly Joshi
- Department of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Immunohaematology, 13th Floor, New Multistoried Building, KEM Hospital Campus, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - S Chandrakala
- Department of Haematology, 10th Floor, New Multistoried Building, KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Seema Korgaonkar
- Department of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Immunohaematology, 13th Floor, New Multistoried Building, KEM Hospital Campus, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Kanjaksha Ghosh
- Department of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Immunohaematology, 13th Floor, New Multistoried Building, KEM Hospital Campus, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Babu Rao Vundinti
- Department of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Immunohaematology, 13th Floor, New Multistoried Building, KEM Hospital Campus, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India.
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Abstract
Over the past two decades, advances in the fields of cancer genetics and molecular biology have elucidated molecular pathways that cause numerous cutaneous malignancies. This in turn has spurred the rational design of molecularly targeted therapies. In this review, we discuss the molecular pathways critical to the development of nonmelanoma skin cancers and the novel pharmacologic agents that target them. Included is a review of vismodegib for basal cell carcinoma, cetuximab for squamous cell carcinomas, imatinib for dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and sirolimus for Kaposi's sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda S Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8059, USA
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Multidrug resistance in chronic myeloid leukaemia: how much can we learn from MDR-CML cell lines? Biosci Rep 2013; 33:BSR20130067. [PMID: 24070327 PMCID: PMC3839595 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20130067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The hallmark of CML (chronic myeloid leukaemia) is the BCR (breakpoint cluster region)-ABL fusion gene. CML evolves through three phases, based on both clinical and pathological features: a chronic phase, an accelerated phase and blast crisis. TKI (tyrosine kinase inhibitors) are the treatment modality for patients with chronic phase CML. The therapeutic potential of the TKI imatinib is affected by BCR-ABL dependent an independent mechanisms. Development of MDR (multidrug resistance) contributes to the overall clinical resistance. MDR involves overexpression of ABC -transporters (ATP-binding-cassette transporter) among other features. MDR studies include the analysis of cancer cell lines selected for resistance. CML blast crisis is accompanied by increased resistance to apoptosis. This work reviews the role played by the influx transporter OCT1 (organic cation transporter 1), by efflux ABC transporters, molecules involved in the modulation of apoptosis (p53, Bcl-2 family, CD95, IAPs (inhibitors of apoptosis protein)], Hh and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, cytoskeleton abnormalities and other features described in leukaemic cells of clinical samples and CML cell lines. An MDR cell line, Lucena-1, generated from K562 by stepwise exposure to vincristine, was used as our model and some potential anticancer drugs effective against the MDR cell line and patients' samples are presented.
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Jabbour EJ, Cortes JE, Kantarjian HM. Resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibition therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia: a clinical perspective and emerging treatment options. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2013; 13:515-29. [PMID: 23890944 PMCID: PMC4160831 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has led to extended lifespans for many patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). However, 20% to 30% of patients fail to respond, respond suboptimally, or experience disease relapse after treatment with imatinib. A key factor is drug resistance. The molecular mechanisms implicated in this resistance include those that involve upregulation or mutation of BCR-ABL kinase and those that are BCR-ABL independent. The clinical consequences of these molecular mechanisms of resistance for disease pathogenesis remain open for debate. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms and clinical consequences of TKI resistance and addresses the current and future treatment approaches for patients with TKI-resistant CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias J Jabbour
- The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
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Daflon-Yunes N, Pinto-Silva FE, Vidal RS, Novis BF, Berguetti T, Lopes RRS, Polycarpo C, Rumjanek VM. Characterization of a multidrug-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia cell line presenting multiple resistance mechanisms. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 383:123-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1761-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Burin SM, Ayres LR, Neves RP, Ambrósio L, de Morais FR, Dias-Baruffi M, Sampaio SV, Pereira-Crott LS, de Castro FA. L-Amino Acid Oxidase Isolated fromBothrops pirajaiInduces Apoptosis in BCR-ABL-Positive Cells and Potentiates Imatinib Mesylate Effect. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 113:103-12. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M. Burin
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo, USP; Ribeirão Preto; SP; Brazil
| | - Lorena R. Ayres
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo, USP; Ribeirão Preto; SP; Brazil
| | - Renata P. Neves
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo, USP; Ribeirão Preto; SP; Brazil
| | - Luciana Ambrósio
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo, USP; Ribeirão Preto; SP; Brazil
| | - Fabiana R. de Morais
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo, USP; Ribeirão Preto; SP; Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo, USP; Ribeirão Preto; SP; Brazil
| | - Suely V. Sampaio
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo, USP; Ribeirão Preto; SP; Brazil
| | - Luciana S. Pereira-Crott
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo, USP; Ribeirão Preto; SP; Brazil
| | - Fabíola A. de Castro
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo, USP; Ribeirão Preto; SP; Brazil
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Management options for refractory chronic myeloid leukemia: considerations for the elderly. Drugs Aging 2013; 30:467-77. [PMID: 23615798 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-013-0085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite the excellent results obtained with standard-dose imatinib as first-line therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase, one third of patients do not achieve an optimal response and require alternative therapies due to the emergence of drug resistance. Studies of resistance mechanisms, first tested in vitro and then in vivo, have driven the development of second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), dasatinib and nilotinib. These agents have been proven effective in a large number of patients resistant to imatinib and are also effective in older patients. The use of second-generation TKIs in first-line treatment has increased the rate of cytogenetic and molecular responses and reduced the number of patients experiencing disease progression. In this review, we detail the various mechanisms of resistance and management options for refractory patients, in particular in older patients. No differences in terms of efficacy were reported in this subset of patients when treated with nilotinib or dasatinib after imatinib resistance. Results of trials that tested second-generation TKIs as first-line treatment showed similar results in older and younger patients.
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26
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Chronic myeloid leukemia: Advances in diagnosis and management. JAAPA 2013; 26:26-9. [DOI: 10.1097/01720610-201302000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Repression of STAT3, STAT5A, and STAT5B expressions in chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K-562 with unmodified or chemically modified siRNAs and induction of apoptosis. Ann Hematol 2012; 92:151-62. [PMID: 23053176 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-012-1575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins are latent cytoplasmic transcription factors that affect several cellular processes including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Following phosphorylation, STATs are activated, and their upregulated expressions increase in malignancies with playing a role in the development of leukemia. In this study, transfection of K-562 cells with either unmodified or chemically modified anti-STAT3, -STAT5A, -STAT5B siRNAs for duration of 12 days, determining gene silencing at mRNA and protein levels, evaluating apoptosis rate, and detecting JAK/STAT pathway members' gene expression profiles via array method were aimed. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot assays indicated that STAT expressions were downregulated both at mRNA and protein levels, and TUNEL assay showed that leukemic cell apoptosis was induced due to inhibition of STATs. Array analysis resulted with decreases in signal transducer, phosphorylation inducer, and oncogene expressions, whereas increased expressions in STAT inhibitor and apoptosis inducer genes were observed. These results point out that siRNA application could constitute a new and alternative curative method for supporting therapy of CML-diagnosed patients in the future.
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Whitesell L, Lin NU. HSP90 as a platform for the assembly of more effective cancer chemotherapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2012; 1823:756-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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