1
|
Oka K. Fibrillin protein, a candidate for creating a suitable scaffold in PDL regeneration while avoiding ankylosis. Genesis 2022; 60:e23486. [PMID: 35678273 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The tooth is stabilized by fiber-rich tissue called the periodontal ligament (PDL). The narrow space of the PDL does not calcify in the physiological state even thought it exists between two calcified tissues, namely, the cementum of the root and alveolar bone. Two situations that require PDL regeneration are periodontitis and dental trauma. Periodontitis induces the loss of PDL and alveolar bone due to inflammation related to infection. Conversely, in PDLs damaged by dental trauma, accelerating bone formation as an overreaction of the healing process is induced, thereby inducing dentoalveolar ankylosis at the tooth root surface. PDL regeneration following dental trauma must therefore be considered separately from periodontitis. Therefore, PDL regeneration in dental trauma must be considered separately from periodontitis. This review focuses on the components involved in avoiding dentoalveolar ankylosis, including oxytalan fibers, aggregated microfibrils, epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM), and TGF-β signaling. During root development, oxytalan fibers produced by PDL cells work in collaboration with the epithelial components in the PDL (e.g., Hertwig's root sheath [HERS] and ERM). We herein describe the functions of oxytalan fibers, ERM, and TGF-β signals which are involved in the avoidance of bone formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Oka
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Oral Medicine Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nam H, Kim GH, Kim JW, Lee JC, Lee K, Lee SH. WITHDRAWN: Ameloblast-like characteristics of human Hertwig's epithelial rest of Malassez/epithelial rest of Malassez cells via interaction with stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017:S0006-291X(17)31209-3. [PMID: 28624454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Nam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Gee-Hye Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Jae-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Jae Cheoun Lee
- Children's Dental Center and CDC Baby Tooth Stem Cell Bank, Seoul 06072, South Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Lee
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, South Korea; Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Sun-Ho Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tsunematsu T, Fujiwara N, Yoshida M, Takayama Y, Kujiraoka S, Qi G, Kitagawa M, Kondo T, Yamada A, Arakaki R, Miyauchi M, Ogawa I, Abiko Y, Nikawa H, Murakami S, Takata T, Ishimaru N, Kudo Y. Human odontogenic epithelial cells derived from epithelial rests of Malassez possess stem cell properties. J Transl Med 2016; 96:1063-75. [PMID: 27479086 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2016.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM) are quiescent epithelial remnants of the Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) that are involved in the formation of tooth roots. ERM cells are unique epithelial cells that remain in periodontal tissues throughout adult life. They have a functional role in the repair/regeneration of cement or enamel. Here, we isolated odontogenic epithelial cells from ERM in the periodontal ligament, and the cells were spontaneously immortalized. Immortalized odontogenic epithelial (iOdE) cells had the ability to form spheroids and expressed stem cell-related genes. Interestingly, iOdE cells underwent osteogenic differentiation, as demonstrated by the mineralization activity in vitro in mineralization-inducing media and formation of calcification foci in iOdE cells transplanted into immunocompromised mice. These findings suggest that a cell population with features similar to stem cells exists in ERM and that this cell population has a differentiation capacity for producing calcifications in a particular microenvironment. In summary, iOdE cells will provide a convenient cell source for tissue engineering and experimental models to investigate tooth growth, differentiation, and tumorigenesis.
Collapse
|
4
|
Athanassiou-Papaefthymiou M, Papagerakis P, Papagerakis S. Isolation and Characterization of Human Adult Epithelial Stem Cells from the Periodontal Ligament. J Dent Res 2015; 94:1591-600. [PMID: 26392003 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515606401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a novel method for the isolation of adult human epithelial stem cells (hEpiSCs) from the epithelial component of the periodontal ligament-the human epithelial cell rests of Malassez (hERM). hEpiSC-rich integrin-α6(+ve) hERM cells derived by fluorometry can be clonally expanded, can grow organoids, and express the markers of pluripotency (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2), polycomb protein RING1B, and the hEpiSC supermarker LGR5. They maintain the growth profile of their originating hERM in vitro. Subcutaneous cotransplantation with mesenchymal stem cells from the dental pulp on poly-l-lactic acid scaffolds in nude mice gave rise to perfect heterotopic ossicles in vivo with ultrastructure of dentin, enamel, cementum, and bone. These remarkable fully mineralized ossicles underscore the importance of epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk in tissue regeneration using human progenitor stem cells, which may have already committed to lineage despite maintaining hallmarks of pluripotency. In addition, we report the clonal expansion and isolation of human LGR5(+ve) cells from the hERM in xeno-free culture conditions. The genetic profile of LGR5(+ve) cells includes both markers of pluripotency and genes important for secretory epithelial and dental epithelial cell differentiation, giving us a first insight into periodontal ligament-derived hEpiSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Athanassiou-Papaefthymiou
- Laboratory of Tooth Organogenesis and Regeneration, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Medicine, School of Dentistry; Center for Organogenesis, School of Medicine; Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Laboratory for Oral, Head, and Neck Cancer Metastasis, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA The Cancer Cure, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - P Papagerakis
- Laboratory of Tooth Organogenesis and Regeneration, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Medicine, School of Dentistry; Center for Organogenesis, School of Medicine; Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S Papagerakis
- Laboratory for Oral, Head, and Neck Cancer Metastasis, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yoshida K, Sato J, Takai R, Uehara O, Kurashige Y, Nishimura M, Chiba I, Saitoh M, Abiko Y. Differentiation of mouse iPS cells into ameloblast-like cells in cultures using medium conditioned by epithelial cell rests of Malassez and gelatin-coated dishes. Med Mol Morphol 2015; 48:138-45. [PMID: 25319805 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-014-0088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are generated from adult cells and are potentially of great value in regenerative medicine. Recently, it was shown that iPS cells can differentiate into ameloblast-like cells in cultures using feeder cells. In the present study, we sought to induce differentiation of ameloblast-like cells from iPS cells under feeder-free conditions using medium conditioned by cultured epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM) cells and gelatin-coated dishes. Two culture conditions were compared: co-cultures of iPS cells and ERM cells; and, culture of iPS cells in ERM cell-conditioned medium. Differentiation of ameloblast-like cells in the cultures was assessed using real-time RT-PCR assays of expression of the marker genes keratin 14, amelogenin, and ameloblastin and by immunocytochemical staining for amelogenin. We found greater evidence of ameloblast-like cell differentiation in the cultures using the conditioned medium. In the latter, the level of amelogenin expression increased daily and was significantly higher than controls on the 7th, 10th, and 14th days. Expression of ameloblastin also increased daily and was significantly higher than controls on the 14th day. The present study demonstrates that mouse iPS cells can be induced to differentiate into ameloblast-like cells in feeder-free cell cultures using ERM cell-conditioned medium and gelatin-coated dishes.
Collapse
|
6
|
Sakai Y, Nemoto E, Kanaya S, Shimonishi M, Shimauchi H. Calcium Phosphate Particles Induce Interleukin-8 Expression in a Human Gingival Epithelial Cell Line via the Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling Pathway. J Periodontol 2014; 85:1464-73. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.130709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
7
|
Yamada R, Kitajima K, Arai K, Igarashi M. Cytokeratin expression of engrafted three-dimensional culture tissues using epithelial cells derived from porcine periodontal ligaments. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 43:637-45. [PMID: 24762372 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the differentiation and proliferation of epithelial cells derived from periodontal ligaments after three-dimensional culture using collagen gel with fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Epithelial cells and fibroblasts were derived from porcine periodontal ligaments. Epithelial cells were labeled using a fluorescent red membrane marker (PKH-26GL) and were seeded onto collagen gel with fibroblasts, followed by incubation in an air-liquid interface for 7 days. Three-dimensional cultures were grafted onto the backs of nude mice and removed at 1, 7, and 14 days after surgery (in vivo model). Unfixed sections (5 μm) were used to detect the presence of red fluorescent cells. Paraffin sections were analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically. Specimens were compared with three-dimensional culture tissues at 8, 14 and 21 days (in vitro model). RESULTS Grafted three-dimensional cultures formed a stratified epithelial structure similar to skin in vivo. Epithelial cells were sequenced in basal-layer-like structures at 14 days in vivo. Immunohistochemical findings showed that the expression of cytokeratin was detected in the epithelial layer in in vitro and in vivo models. Ck8 + 18 + 19 was expressed in the upper epithelial layer in the in vitro model at 14 and 21 days, but not in vivo. Involucrin was expressed in the certified layers in vitro at 14 days, but not in vivo. Laminin was detected at the dermo-epidermal junction in vivo at 7 and 14 days, but not in vitro. CONCLUSION These results suggest that differentiation of three-dimensional culture tissues differs in vivo and in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rie Yamada
- Advanced Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, The Nippon Dental University, Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata City, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nishio C, Wazen R, Moffatt P, Nanci A. Expression of odontogenic ameloblast-associated and amelotin proteins in the junctional epithelium. Periodontol 2000 2013; 63:59-66. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
9
|
Tominaga N, Nakahara T, Nasu M, Satoh T. Isolation and characterization of epithelial and myogenic cells by "fishing" for the morphologically distinct cell types in rat primary periodontal ligament cultures. Differentiation 2013; 85:91-100. [PMID: 23649106 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The periodontal ligament (PDL) contains various cell populations and plays a central role in the maintenance, repair, and regeneration of the periodontium, i.e., tooth-supporting structures. Because primary cells isolated from PDL tissue are heterogeneous, the establishment of an effective isolation method for cells of interest is desired. In the present study, two morphologically distinct cell types were identified in confluent primary cultures derived from rat PDL. To isolate these cell populations, a small piece of filter paper soaked with trypsin-EDTA was placed directly onto the target cell population, enabling the cells to detach from the culture dish. The filter papers were then transferred into fresh culture dishes to establish outgrowth cultures; these two steps constitute the "cell fishing" method. The "fished" cell types were propagated and subcultured for further analyses. In morphological evaluation, immunocytochemical analyses, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, the isolated cells exhibited a polygonal appearance or a mono- or multinucleated appearance, with a high cytoplasm-to-nucleus ratio, leading to their being characterized as epithelial or myogenic cell populations, respectively. Surprisingly, a notable proportion of the multinuclear cells in the primary and subsequent isolated cultures demonstrated dramatic, spontaneous contractions, a feature typical of skeletal muscle cells. Finally, the isolated cell populations maintained a normal karyotype with a diploid chromosomal number. These results demonstrated that physiological epithelial and skeletal muscle cells can be obtained from primary PDL cultures without artificial induction using growth factors or chemicals, and can be propagated as individual lineage-committed cell populations; the populations consisted of differentiated and progenitor cells that maintained chromosomal stability. This simple, classical culture procedure provides new insights into the biological properties of PDL cells, which are potentially important for the differentiation of tissue or somatic stem cells and for the development of future cell-based therapies for dental and muscular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Tominaga
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Keinan D, Cohen RE. The Significance of Epithelial Rests of Malassez in the Periodontal Ligament. J Endod 2013; 39:582-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
Weli SC, Aamelfot M, Dale OB, Koppang EO, Falk K. Infectious salmon anaemia virus infection of Atlantic salmon gill epithelial cells. Virol J 2013; 10:5. [PMID: 23282149 PMCID: PMC3560113 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-10-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV), a member of the Orthomyxoviridae family, infects and causes disease in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Previous studies have shown Atlantic salmon endothelial cells to be the primary targets of ISAV infection. However, it is not known if cells other than endothelial cells play a role in ISAV tropism. To further assess cell tropism, we examined ISAV infection of Atlantic salmon gill epithelial cells in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrated the susceptibility of epithelial cells to ISAV infection. On comparison of primary gill epithelial cell cultures with ISAV permissive fish cell cultures, we found the virus yield in primary gill epithelial cells to be comparable with that of salmon head kidney (SHK)-1 cells, but lower than TO or Atlantic salmon kidney (ASK)-II cells. Light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the primary gill cells possessed characteristics consistent with epithelial cells. Virus histochemistry showed that gill epithelial cells expressed 4-O-acetylated sialic acid which is recognized as the ISAV receptor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of ISAV infection in Atlantic salmon primary gill epithelial cells. This study thus broadens our understanding of cell tropism and transmission of ISAV in Atlantic salmon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Chioma Weli
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Ullevålsveien 68, PO Box 750 Sentrum, Oslo N-0106, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mostafa NZ, Uludağ H, Varkey M, Dederich DN, Doschak MR, El-Bialy TH. In vitro osteogenic induction of human gingival fibroblasts for bone regeneration. Open Dent J 2011; 5:139-45. [PMID: 21915227 PMCID: PMC3170932 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601105010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background And Objective: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease causing bone loss, and is a primary cause of tooth loss. Gingival fibroblasts are readily available with minimal donor site morbidity and may be ideal for tissue engineering efforts in regenerating lost alveolar bone. Dexamethasone (Dex) is commonly employed for in vitro osteogenic induction of a variety of cells, but its effect on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) is still controversial. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of HGF following Dex treatment. Methods: Cultured HGFs were exposed to osteogenic medium containing a wide range of Dex concentrations (0.01-10 µM). The osteogenic phenotype was assessed based on changes in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, the mRNA expression of selected extracellular matrix proteins critical for mineralization and the extent of extracellular mineralization (Von Kossa staining and Ca-content). Results: All assays showed a consistent and maximal osteogenic effect of Dex on HGF at 0.1 and 0.5 µM (weeks 3 and 4), as evidenced by significant osteopontin and osteocalcin expression and mineralization. Longer cultures (week 4) also yielded positive osteogenic effect of Dex at 0.01 µM. Moreover, ALP activity was significantly stimulated at 0.1 and 0.5 µM Dex initially after one week, but ALP was subsequently reduced under Dex. Higher Dex concentrations caused down regulation of osteogenic effects observed at the optimal (0.1-0.5 µM) concentrations. Conclusion: Under appropriate osteogenic conditioning, Dex treated HGFs could be a potential source of cells for cell-based therapy for periodontal bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Z Mostafa
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tadokoro O, Kawahara I, Vandevska-Radunovic V. Reactions of periodontal ligament epithelial cell clusters and OX6-immunopositive cells to experimental tooth movement and periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2011; 46:584-91. [PMID: 21615410 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01376.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate reactions of periodontal ligament epithelial cell clusters and major histocompatibility complex class II (OX6)-immunopositive cells to simultaneously induced tooth movement and periodontitis employing Waldo's method. MATERIAL AND METHODS Elastic gums were inserted between the right upper first and second molars of rats. Animals were killed by intracardiac perfusion on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 after the experimental procedures, and maxillary molars were decalcified and processed for OCT compound. Cytokeratin and OX6 antibodies to detect epithelial and immunocompetent cells were used for double-fluorescence immunohistochemistry. Immunostained sections of rat upper molar regions were examined with a fluorescence microscope. RESULTS Large periodontal ligament epithelial cell clusters appeared and became contiguous with each other, and OX6-immunopositive cells surrounded the clusters over time in the periodontal ligament near the gum insertion site. In the periodontal ligament distant from the gum insertion site, epithelial cell clusters and OX6-immunopositive cells were scattered. After 14 d, thickened epithelium and elongated rete pegs were found close to large epithelial cell clusters in the periodontal ligament near the gum insertion site. CONCLUSION These findings suggest proliferation and/or aggregation of periodontal ligament epithelial cells, and interaction between OX6-immunopositive cells and the periodontal ligament epithelial cells, in response to tooth movement and periodontal inflammation. This method may be a useful experimental model to elucidate the relationship between rete pegs and periodontal ligament epithelial cell clusters in inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Tadokoro
- Department of Oral Anatomy 1, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Varanasi VG, Owyoung JB, Saiz E, Marshall SJ, Marshall GW, Loomer PM. The ionic products of bioactive glass particle dissolution enhance periodontal ligament fibroblast osteocalcin expression and enhance early mineralized tissue development. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 98:177-84. [PMID: 21548068 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study resulted in enhanced collagen type 1 and osteocalcin expression in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLF) when exposed to bioactive glass conditioned media that subsequently may promote early mineralized tissue development. Commercial Bioglass™ (45S5) and experimental bioactive coating glass (6P53-b), were used to make a glass conditioned media (GCM) for comparison to control medium. ICP-MS analysis showed increased concentrations of Ca(2+), PO(4) (3-), Si(4+), and Na(+), for 45S5 GCM and Mg(2+), K(+), Ca(2+), PO(4)(3-), Si(4+), and Na(+) for 6P53-b GCM (relative to control medium). Differentiating hPDLF cultures exposed to 45S5 and 6P53-b GCM showed enhanced expression of collagen type 1 (Col1α1, Col1α2), osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase gene expression. These GCM also enhanced osteocalcin protein expression. After 16 d of culture, 45S5 and 6P53-b GCM treated cells showed regions of deep red Alizarin staining, indicating increased Ca within their respective extracellular matrices (ECM), while control-treated cells did not exhibit these features. SEM analysis showed more developed ECM in GCM treated cultures, indicated by multiple tissue layering and abundant collagen fiber bundle formation, while control treated cells did not exhibit these features. SEM analysis showed polygonal structures suggestive of CaP in 45S5 GCM treated cultures. These results indicate the osteogenic potential of bioactive coating glass in periodontal bone defect filling applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venu G Varanasi
- Division of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0758, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Volponi AA, Pang Y, Sharpe PT. Stem cell-based biological tooth repair and regeneration. Trends Cell Biol. 2010;20:715-722. [PMID: 21035344 PMCID: PMC3000521 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2010.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Teeth exhibit limited repair in response to damage, and dental pulp stem cells probably provide a source of cells to replace those damaged and to facilitate repair. Stem cells in other parts of the tooth, such as the periodontal ligament and growing roots, play more dynamic roles in tooth function and development. Dental stem cells can be obtained with ease, making them an attractive source of autologous stem cells for use in restoring vital pulp tissue removed because of infection, in regeneration of periodontal ligament lost in periodontal disease, and for generation of complete or partial tooth structures to form biological implants. As dental stem cells share properties with mesenchymal stem cells, there is also considerable interest in their wider potential to treat disorders involving mesenchymal (or indeed non-mesenchymal) cell derivatives, such as in Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
|
16
|
Nishio C, Wazen R, Kuroda S, Moffatt P, Nanci A. Disruption of periodontal integrity induces expression of apin by epithelial cell rests of Malassez. J Periodontal Res 2010; 45:709-13. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01288.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
17
|
Mostafa NZ, Uludağ H, Dederich DN, Doschak MR, El-Bialy TH. Anabolic effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on human gingival fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54:743-8. [PMID: 19493525 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) demonstrated anabolic effects on cementoblasts, odontoblasts, and periodontal ligament cells. However, LIPUS effect on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) remains to be investigated. Therefore, we evaluated the in vitro effects of LIPUS on HGF proliferation and differentiation to test its feasibility for periodontal therapy. DESIGN LIPUS treatment (1.5MHz, 30mW/cm(2)) was applied to HGF in the experimental groups after 24-h of culture (5 or 10min/day for 28 days) and omitted in the control. Changes in HGF activities were evaluated in response to LIPUS treatment in dose-dependent (5 and 10min) and time-dependent (weeks 1-4) manner. The effects of LIPUS on HGF cell viability (MTT), proliferation (total DNA content and growth pattern), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and gene expression by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were determined. RESULTS Cell viability remained unchanged after LIPUS treatment during the 4 weeks of treatment as compared to the untreated control group which ensured a safe biological response. Both LIPUS treatments (5-10min/day) did not yield any significant changes in the proliferation, and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and collagen-I (COL-I). Conversely, LIPUS treatment enhanced osteogenic differentiation potential of HGF as determined by significant up-regulation of specific ALP activity and osteopontin (OPN) expression, with optimum effect following 3 weeks of 5min/day LIPUS treatment. CONCLUSION LIPUS treatment at 30mW/cm(2) selectively enhanced HGF differentiation but not proliferation. The ability of LIPUS to enhance HGF differentiation is promising for its application in cell-based periodontal therapy.
Collapse
|