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Zimmerman SM, Lin PN, Souroullas GP. Non-canonical functions of EZH2 in cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1233953. [PMID: 37664059 PMCID: PMC10473085 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1233953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in chromatin modifying genes frequently occur in many kinds of cancer. Most mechanistic studies focus on their canonical functions, while therapeutic approaches target their enzymatic activity. Recent studies, however, demonstrate that non-canonical functions of chromatin modifiers may be equally important and therapeutically actionable in different types of cancer. One epigenetic regulator that demonstrates such a dual role in cancer is the histone methyltransferase EZH2. EZH2 is a core component of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which plays a crucial role in cell identity, differentiation, proliferation, stemness and plasticity. While much of the regulatory functions and oncogenic activity of EZH2 have been attributed to its canonical, enzymatic activity of methylating lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3), a repressive chromatin mark, recent studies suggest that non-canonical functions that are independent of H3K27me3 also contribute towards the oncogenic activity of EZH2. Contrary to PRC2's canonical repressive activity, mediated by H3K27me3, outside of the complex EZH2 can directly interact with transcription factors and oncogenes to activate gene expression. A more focused investigation into these non-canonical interactions of EZH2 and other epigenetic/chromatin regulators may uncover new and more effective therapeutic strategies. Here, we summarize major findings on the non-canonical functions of EZH2 and how they are related to different aspects of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Zimmerman
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Oncology, Molecular Oncology Section, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Phyo Nay Lin
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Oncology, Molecular Oncology Section, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - George P. Souroullas
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Oncology, Molecular Oncology Section, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Inhibitory Potential of Shen-Shuai-Ling Formulation on Renal Interstitial Fibrosis via Upregulation of PLZF. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5967804. [PMID: 35399631 PMCID: PMC8991406 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5967804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is an important cause of kidney disease, which seriously affects people's health. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Shen-Shuai-Ling Formulation (SSLF) has obvious kidney function. However, the therapeutic effect of SSLF on RIF and its molecular mechanism are still unclear. Methods First, the potential targets and pathways of SSLF for RIF were predicted by network pharmacology, and then, the binding of luteolin and target protein to SSLF was verified by molecular docking and Co-IP experiments. Finally, the effects of SSLF and luteolin on PLZF and (Pro) renin receptor (PRR) were verified by western blot and qPCR experiments. Angiotensin (Ang)-1, Ang-2, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were the indexes of renal interstitial fibrosis. Results Through the drug-active component-target network diagram, we found that luteolin has the most connections, and promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) is the target protein. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis of targets were performed using Cytoscape ClueGO. Molecular docking experiments and Co-IP are used to prove that luteolin and PLZF can be combined. Western blot and qPCR results showed that both SSLF and luteolin significantly upregulated the expression of PLZF and decreased the levels of PRR, Ang-1, Ang-2, and TGF-β. The overexpression of PLZF decreased the expression of PRR, the knockdown of PLZF increased the expression of PRR, and the overexpression of PRR decreased the expression of Ang-1, Ang-2, and TGF-β. Conclusions SSLF inhibits PRR and renal interstitial fibers by the upregulation of PLZF levels.
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Bakoev S, Traspov A, Getmantseva L, Belous A, Karpushkina T, Kostyunina O, Usatov A, Tatarinova TV. Detection of genomic regions associated malformations in newborn piglets: a machine-learning approach. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11580. [PMID: 34327051 PMCID: PMC8310618 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A significant proportion of perinatal losses in pigs occurs due to congenital malformations. The purpose of this study is the identification of genomic loci associated with fetal malformations in piglets. Methods The malformations were divided into two groups: associated with limb defects (piglet splay leg) and associated with other congenital anomalies found in newborn piglets. 148 Landrace and 170 Large White piglets were selected for the study. A genome-wide association study based on the gradient boosting machine algorithm was performed to identify markers associated with congenital anomalies and piglet splay leg. Results Forty-nine SNPs (23 SNPs in Landrace pigs and 26 SNPs in Large White) were associated with congenital anomalies, 22 of which were localized in genes. A total of 156 SNPs (28 SNPs in Landrace; 128 in Large White) were identified for piglet splay leg, of which 79 SNPs were localized in genes. We have demonstrated that the gradient boosting machine algorithm can identify SNPs and their combinations associated with significant selection indicators of studied malformations and productive characteristics. Data availability Genotyping and phenotyping data are available at http://www.compubioverne.group/data-and-software/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siroj Bakoev
- Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member LK. Ernst, Dubrovitsy, Russia.,Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksei Traspov
- Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member LK. Ernst, Dubrovitsy, Russia.,Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lyubov Getmantseva
- Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member LK. Ernst, Dubrovitsy, Russia
| | - Anna Belous
- Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member LK. Ernst, Dubrovitsy, Russia
| | - Tatiana Karpushkina
- Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member LK. Ernst, Dubrovitsy, Russia
| | - Olga Kostyunina
- Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member LK. Ernst, Dubrovitsy, Russia
| | | | - Tatiana V Tatarinova
- Department of Biology, University of La Verne, La Verne, CA, United States of America.,Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Vavilov Institute for General Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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Wei YD, Du XM, Yang DH, Ma FL, Yu XW, Zhang MF, Li N, Peng S, Liao MZ, Li GP, Bai CL, Liu WS, Hua JL. Dmrt1 regulates the immune response by repressing the TLR4 signaling pathway in goat male germline stem cells. Zool Res 2021; 42:14-27. [PMID: 33420764 PMCID: PMC7840460 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Double sex and mab-3-related transcription factor 1 (Dmrt1), which is expressed in goat male germline stem cells (mGSCs) and Sertoli cells, is one of the most conserved transcription factors involved in sex determination. In this study, we highlighted the role of Dmrt1 in balancing the innate immune response in goat mGSCs. Dmrt1 recruited promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (Plzf), also known as zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 16 (Zbtb16), to repress the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent inflammatory signaling pathway and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Knockdown of Dmrt1 in seminiferous tubules resulted in widespread degeneration of germ and somatic cells, while the expression of proinflammatory factors were significantly enhanced. We also demonstrated that Dmrt1 stimulated proliferation of mGSCs, but repressed apoptosis caused by the immune response. Thus, Dmrt1 is sufficient to reduce inflammation in the testes, thereby establishing the stability of spermatogenesis and the testicular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dong Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Min Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dong-Hui Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fang-Lin Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiu-Wei Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Meng-Fei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Sha Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ming-Zhi Liao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Guang-Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, China
| | - Chun-Ling Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, China. E-mail:
| | - Wei-Shuai Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yangling Demonstration Zone Hospital, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China. E-mail:
| | - Jin-Lian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China. E-mail:
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Yang J, Zhao R, Li L, Li G, Yang P, Ma J, Zhao S, Zhao H. Verification of a ZBTB16 variant in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Reprod Biomed Online 2020; 41:724-728. [PMID: 32773339 PMCID: PMC10730780 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION This study investigated whether rs1784692 is a risk factor for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Han Chinese women. DESIGN A case-control study was conducted in Han Chinese women, involving 526 PCOS patients and 522 control participants. A TaqMan MGB probe assay was used to genotype the variant rs1784692. Dominant and additive models were employed for genotype-phenotype association analysis in the PCOS and control samples. RESULTS The minor allele C of rs1784692 is protective against PCOS (odds ratio [OR] 0.556, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.408-0.759, P = 1.83 × 10-4), even after adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and age (ORadj 0.539, 95% CI 0.391-0.743, Padj= 1.62 × 10-4). Genotype-phenotype analysis of the dominant model showed that mean BMI in the CC+CT group was higher than in the TT group in the PCOS group (27.12 ± 5.82 versus 24.57 ± 4.52, P = 1.0 × 10-3), but not in the control groups, indicating that the minor allele C of rs1784692 associates with BMI in women with PCOS. The mean LH (luteinizing hormone) concentration in the CC+CT group was lower than in the TT group in PCOS and control participants (9.33 ± 5.08 versus 10.93 ± 5.91, P = 0.036; 4.39 ± 1.66 versus 4.89 ± 2.07, P = 0.021). Genotype-phenotype analysis of additive model showed that mean BMI in TC group was higher than in the TT group in PCOS patients compared with control participants (27.14 ± 5.81 versus 24.57 ± 4.52, P = 3.06 × 10-3). CONCLUSIONS The SNP rs1784692 in gene ZBTB16 is protective against PCOS but is associated with increased BMI in Han Chinese women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rusong Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame IN, USA
| | - Guangyu Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinlong Ma
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shigang Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Han Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Zhang S, Vieth JA, Krzyzanowska A, Henry EK, Denzin LK, Siracusa MC, Sant'Angelo DB. The Transcription Factor PLZF Is Necessary for the Development and Function of Mouse Basophils. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:1230-1241. [PMID: 31366712 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Basophils are innate immune cells associated with type 2 immunity, allergic reactions, and host defense against parasite infections. In this study, we show that the transcription factor PLZF, which is known for its essential role in the function and development of several innate lymphocyte subsets, is also important for the myeloid-derived basophil lineage. PLZF-deficient mice had decreased numbers of basophil progenitors in the bone marrow and mature basophils in multiple peripheral tissues. Functionally, PLZF-deficient basophils were less responsive to IgE activation and produced reduced amounts of IL-4. The altered function of basophils resulted in a blunted Th2 T cell response to a protein allergen. Additionally, PLZF-deficient basophils had reduced expression of the IL-18 receptor, which impacted migration to lungs. PLZF, therefore, is a major player in controlling type 2 immune responses mediated not only by innate lymphocytes but also by myeloid-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Zhang
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Rutgers Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Joshua A Vieth
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Agata Krzyzanowska
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Rutgers Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Everett K Henry
- Department of Medicine, Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103; and
| | - Lisa K Denzin
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901.,Rutgers Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Piscataway, NJ 08854.,Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Mark C Siracusa
- Department of Medicine, Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103; and
| | - Derek B Sant'Angelo
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901; .,Rutgers Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Piscataway, NJ 08854.,Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
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Koubi M, Poplineau M, Vernerey J, N'Guyen L, Tiberi G, Garciaz S, El-Kaoutari A, Maqbool MA, Andrau JC, Guillouf C, Saurin AJ, Duprez E. Regulation of the positive transcriptional effect of PLZF through a non-canonical EZH2 activity. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:3339-3350. [PMID: 29425303 PMCID: PMC5909434 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor PLZF (promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein) acts as an epigenetic regulator balancing self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic cells through binding to various chromatin-modifying factors. First described as a transcriptional repressor, PLZF is also associated with active transcription, although the molecular bases underlying the differences are unknown. Here, we reveal that in a hematopoietic cell line, PLZF is predominantly associated with transcribed genes. Additionally, we identify a new association between PLZF and the histone methyltransferase, EZH2 at the genomic level. We find that co-occupancy of PLZF and EZH2 on chromatin at PLZF target genes is not associated with SUZ12 or trimethylated lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) but with the active histone mark H3K4me3 and active transcription. Removal of EZH2 leads to an increase of PLZF binding and increased gene expression. Our results suggest a new role of EZH2 in restricting PLZF positive transcriptional activity independently of its canonical PRC2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Koubi
- Epigenetic Factors in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, 13273 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Mathilde Poplineau
- Epigenetic Factors in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, 13273 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Julien Vernerey
- Epigenetic Factors in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, 13273 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Lia N'Guyen
- Epigenetic Factors in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, 13273 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Guillaume Tiberi
- Epigenetic Factors in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, 13273 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Sylvain Garciaz
- Epigenetic Factors in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, 13273 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Abdessamad El-Kaoutari
- Epigenetic Factors in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, 13273 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Muhammad A Maqbool
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Andrau
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Christel Guillouf
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1170, CNRS Villejuif, France
| | - Andrew J Saurin
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IBDM, UMR 7288, 13288 Marseille, Cedex 9, France
| | - Estelle Duprez
- Epigenetic Factors in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, 13273 Marseille Cedex 9, France
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Song W, Zhu H, Li M, Li N, Wu J, Mu H, Yao X, Han W, Liu W, Hua J. Promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger maintains self-renewal of male germline stem cells (mGSCs) and its expression pattern in dairy goat testis. Cell Prolif 2014; 46:457-68. [PMID: 23869766 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have shown that promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger (PLZF) is a spermatogonia-specific transcription factor in the testis, required to regulate self-renewal and maintenance of the spermatogonia stem cell. Up to now, expression and function of PLZF in the goat testis has not been known. The objectives of this study were to investigate PLZF expression pattern in the dairy goat and its effect on male goat germline stem cell (mGSC) self-renewal and differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Testis development and expression patterns of PLZF in the dairy goat were analysed by haematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, effects of PLZF overexpression on mGSC self-renewal and differentiation were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR (QRT-PCR), immunofluorescence and BrdU incorporation assay. RESULTS Promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger was essential for dairy goat testis development and expression of several proliferation and pluripotency-associated proteins including OCT4, C-MYC were upregulated by PLZF overexpression. The study demonstrated that PLZF played a key role in maintaining self-renewal of mGSCs and its overexpression enhanced expression of proliferation-associated genes. CONCLUSIONS Promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger could function in the dairy goat as well as in other species in maintaining self-renewal of germline stem cells and this study provides a model to study the mechanism on self-renewal and differentiation of mGSCs in livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Key Lab for Animal Biotechnology of Agriculture Ministry of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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9
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Jeon YK, Go H, Nam SJ, Keam B, Kim TM, Jung KC, Kang HJ, Lee DS, Huh JR, Park SH. Expression of the promyelocytic leukemia zinc-finger in T-lymphoblastic lymphoma and leukemia has strong implications for their cellular origin and greater association with initial bone marrow involvement. Mod Pathol 2012; 25:1236-45. [PMID: 22555178 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2012.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The promyelocytic leukemia zinc-finger (PLZF) is essential for the development of innate T cells (as represented by natural killer T cells) for acquisition of their unique innate immune properties. We evaluated the PLZF protein expression in a variety of immature and mature lymphoid malignancies. PLZF was preferentially expressed in T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-LBL/ALL) in 50% of the 54 cases. Among 51 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified, only one (2%) expressed PLZF. One mycosis fungoides case expressed PLZF in lymph node involved by tumor. Otherwise, PLZF was not detected in any other type of lymphoma. In T-LBL/ALL, PLZF expression was more common in CD4/CD8 double-negative (67%) or CD8 single-positive subtypes (73%) than in CD4/CD8 double-positive (13%) and CD4 single-positive subtypes (0%) (P=0.001). Importantly, PLZF and CD1a expression were mutually exclusive in T-LBL/ALL (P=0.001). This was also the case for T-cell receptor βF1 expression (P=0.000). Most (96%) of the PLZF-positive T-LBL/ALL cases showed initial bone marrow involvement compared with 39% of PLZF-negative cases (P=0.000). Based on these findings, we suggest that T-LBL/ALLs that express PLZF arise from early immature double-negative thymocytes when the T-cell receptor β chain has not yet expressed or innate T-cell precursors, and strongly imply bone marrow involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon K Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
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10
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Quivoron C, Couronné L, Della Valle V, Lopez CK, Plo I, Wagner-Ballon O, Do Cruzeiro M, Delhommeau F, Arnulf B, Stern MH, Godley L, Opolon P, Tilly H, Solary E, Duffourd Y, Dessen P, Merle-Beral H, Nguyen-Khac F, Fontenay M, Vainchenker W, Bastard C, Mercher T, Bernard OA. TET2 inactivation results in pleiotropic hematopoietic abnormalities in mouse and is a recurrent event during human lymphomagenesis. Cancer Cell 2011; 20:25-38. [PMID: 21723201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 710] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations affecting one or both copies of the Ten-Eleven-translocation (TET)2 gene have been described in various human myeloid malignancies. We report that inactivation of Tet2 in mouse perturbs both early and late steps of hematopoiesis including myeloid and lymphoid differentiation in a cell-autonomous manner, endows the cells with competitive advantage, and eventually leads to the development of malignancies. We subsequently observed TET2 mutations in human lymphoid disorders. TET2 mutations could be detected in immature progenitors endowed with myeloid colony-forming potential. Our results show that the mutations present in lymphoid tumor cells may occur at both early and later steps of lymphoid development and indicate that impairment of TET2 function or/and expression predisposes to the development of hematological malignancies.
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Kolesnichenko M, Vogt PK. Understanding PLZF: two transcriptional targets, REDD1 and smooth muscle α-actin, define new questions in growth control, senescence, self-renewal and tumor suppression. Cell Cycle 2011; 10:771-5. [PMID: 21311223 DOI: 10.4161/cc.10.5.14829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PLZF can function as a transcriptional activator or as a transcriptional repressor. Recent studies have identified two direct transcriptional targets of PLZF, REDD1 and smooth muscle α-actin. REDD1 is activated by PLZF. It mediates the PLZF-dependent downregulation of TORC1 and is responsible for the maintenance of pluripotency in cultures of spermatogonial progenitor cells. This activity may extend to other stem-like cell types. The effect of REDD1 on TORC1 also raises the possibility that REDD1 controls cell growth, tumorigenicity and senescence. The regulatory loop extending from PLZF via REDD1 to TORC1 identifies REDD1 as a critical determinant of TOR activity. The transcription of smooth muscle α-actin is repressed by PLZF. In fibroblasts, this downregulation is accompanied by a change of cell shape and a dramatic reorganization of the cytoskeleton. It is also correlated with the acquisition of cellular resistance to oncogenic transformation. The resistance is selective, it works against some oncoproteins but not against others. The molecular mechanisms underlying the changes in the cytoskeleton and in the susceptibility to oncogenic transformation are unknown. However these changes are dependent on the activity of RAS and thus probably involve the RAC/RHO family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kolesnichenko
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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