1
|
Machado M, Camacho AL, Coubrough C, R R Queiroz-Machado C, Custodio C, Barros CSL, Riet-Correa F, Menchaca A. Bilateral stringhalt associated with Hypochaeris radicata in Uruguayan horses. Toxicon 2024; 245:107780. [PMID: 38821321 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
We reported thirteen cases of bilateral stringhalt associated with Hypochaeris radicata that occurred in horses in Uruguay during a severe drought in the summer of 2023. All horses were affected chronically and progressively by bilateral hyperflexion of hindlimbs. In two severely affected horses, the main histological lesions included neuronal chromatolysis and axonal spheroids in the ventral gray horn in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord and axonal degeneration and digestion chambers in ventral roots fibers and long peripheral nerves. We suggest that in addition to injuries to peripheral nerves, lesions in the spinal cord play an important role in the clinical signs of stringhalt in horses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mizael Machado
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal (PSA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Exprerimental Tacuarembó, Uruguay.
| | | | | | - Cintia R R Queiroz-Machado
- Centro Universitario Regional Noreste (CENUR), Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Tacuarembó, Uruguay
| | - Camila Custodio
- Programa de Posgrados de la Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Claudio S L Barros
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMZV), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Franklin Riet-Correa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alejo Menchaca
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal (PSA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Exprerimental Tacuarembó, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Valberg SJ. Movement Disorders and Cerebellar Abiotrophy. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2022; 38:409-426. [PMID: 35811199 DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Movement disorders are defined as involuntary movements that are not due to a painful stimulus or associated with changes in consciousness or proprioception. Diagnosis involves ruling out any lameness and neurologic disease and characterizing the gait during walking backward and forward and trotting. Shivers causes abnormal hindlimb hypertonicity during walking backward and, when advanced, a few strides walking forward. Stringhalt causes consistent hyperflexion during walking forward and trotting and variable difficulty when walking backward. Classification and potential causes are discussed as well as other enigmatic movement disorders in horses are presented. Cerebellar abiotrophy is reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J Valberg
- Michigan State University, Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, 736 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shivering and Stringhalt in horses. Vet J 2022; 282:105829. [PMID: 35462036 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2022.105829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pelvic limb movement disorders unrelated to lameness or proprioceptive ataxia have been described in horses for centuries. The two best described are Shivering and Stringhalt. Shivering is unique in that it is primarily apparent when horses are asked to walk backward, without affecting forward gaits until quite advanced. Horses exhibit abduction and either hyperflexion or marked hyperextension of one or both pelvic limbs when walking backward, resulting in a pause at the peak of the stride cycle and reluctance to move backward. Generally, Stringhalt differs from Shivering in that it produces consistent hyperflexion without abduction in forward gaits including walk and trot. This review will focus on the two most common pelvic limb movement disorders, Shivering and Stringhalt, their clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, etiopathology, and treatment.
Collapse
|
4
|
El‐Hage CM, Huntington PJ, Mayhew IG, Slocombe RF, Tennent‐Brown BS. Pasture‐associated stringhalt: Contemporary appraisal of an enigmatic syndrome. EQUINE VET EDUC 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. M. El‐Hage
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences University of Melbourne Werribee Victoria Australia
| | - P. J. Huntington
- Kentucky Equine Research (Australasia) Pty Ltd. Mulgrave Victoria Australia
| | - I. G. Mayhew
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - R. F. Slocombe
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences University of Melbourne Werribee Victoria Australia
| | - B. S. Tennent‐Brown
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences University of Melbourne Werribee Victoria Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Domange C, Casteignau A, Collignon G, Pumarola M, Priymenko N. Longitudinal study of Australian stringhalt cases in France. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2010; 94:712-20. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01019.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
7
|
Gardner SY, Cook AG, Jortner BS, Troan BV, Sharp NJH, Campbell NB, Brownie CF. Stringhalt associated with a pasture infested with Hypochoeris radicata. EQUINE VET EDUC 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3292.2005.tb00349.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
10
|
Armengou L, Añor S, Climent F, Shelton G, Monreal L. Antemortem Diagnosis of a Distal Axonopathy Causing Severe Stringhalt in a Horse. J Vet Intern Med 2010; 24:220-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0437.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
11
|
Domange C, Canlet C, Traoré A, Biélicki G, Keller C, Paris A, Priymenko N. Orthologous Metabonomic Qualification of a Rodent Model Combined with Magnetic Resonance Imaging for an Integrated Evaluation of the Toxicity of Hypochœris radicata. Chem Res Toxicol 2008; 21:2082-96. [DOI: 10.1021/tx800159x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Domange
- UMR 1089 INRA/ENVT, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 3, F-31931 Toulouse, INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix QuaPA STIM, F-63122 St. Genès Champanelle, and Department of Nutrition and Botanic and Vegetal Toxicology, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Canlet
- UMR 1089 INRA/ENVT, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 3, F-31931 Toulouse, INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix QuaPA STIM, F-63122 St. Genès Champanelle, and Department of Nutrition and Botanic and Vegetal Toxicology, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Amidou Traoré
- UMR 1089 INRA/ENVT, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 3, F-31931 Toulouse, INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix QuaPA STIM, F-63122 St. Genès Champanelle, and Department of Nutrition and Botanic and Vegetal Toxicology, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Guy Biélicki
- UMR 1089 INRA/ENVT, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 3, F-31931 Toulouse, INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix QuaPA STIM, F-63122 St. Genès Champanelle, and Department of Nutrition and Botanic and Vegetal Toxicology, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Keller
- UMR 1089 INRA/ENVT, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 3, F-31931 Toulouse, INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix QuaPA STIM, F-63122 St. Genès Champanelle, and Department of Nutrition and Botanic and Vegetal Toxicology, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Paris
- UMR 1089 INRA/ENVT, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 3, F-31931 Toulouse, INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix QuaPA STIM, F-63122 St. Genès Champanelle, and Department of Nutrition and Botanic and Vegetal Toxicology, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Priymenko
- UMR 1089 INRA/ENVT, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 3, F-31931 Toulouse, INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix QuaPA STIM, F-63122 St. Genès Champanelle, and Department of Nutrition and Botanic and Vegetal Toxicology, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Araújo J, Curcio B, Alda J, Medeiros R, Riet-Correa F. Stringhalt in Brazilian horses caused by Hypochaeris radicata. Toxicon 2008; 52:190-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2008.04.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Revised: 04/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
13
|
TAKAHASHI T, KITAMURA M, ENDO Y, ETO D, AOKI O, KUSUNOSE R, YOSHIHARA T, KAI M. An Outbreak of Stringhalt Resembling Australian Stringhalt in Japan. J Equine Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1294/jes.13.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuka ENDO
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association
| | - Daisuke ETO
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association
| | - Osamu AOKI
- Education Center of Japan Farriers Association
| | - Ryo KUSUNOSE
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association
| | | | - Makoto KAI
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association
| |
Collapse
|