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Wang W, Liu Y, Zhu ZB, Pang K, Wang JK, Gu J, Li ZB, Wang J, Shi ZD, Han CH. Research Advances in Stem Cell Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction. BioDrugs 2024; 38:353-367. [PMID: 38520608 PMCID: PMC11055746 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-024-00650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common clinical condition that mainly affects men aged over 40 years. Various causes contribute to the progression of ED, including pelvic nerve injury, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, age, Peyronie's disease, smoking, and psychological disorders. Current treatments for ED are limited to symptom relief and do not address the root cause. Stem cells, with their powerful ability to proliferate and differentiate, are a promising approach for the treatment of male ED and are gradually gaining widespread attention. Current uses for treating ED have been studied primarily in experimental animals, with most studies observing improvements in erectile quality as well as improvements in erectile tissue. However, research on stem cell therapy for human ED is still limited. This article summarizes the recent literature on basic stem cell research on ED, including cavernous nerve injury, aging, diabetes, and sclerosing penile disease, and describes mechanisms of action and therapeutic effects of various stem cell therapies in experimental animals. Stem cells are also believed to interact with host tissue in a paracrine manner, and improved function can be supported through both implantation and paracrine factors. To date, stem cells have shown some preliminary promising results in animal and human models of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zuo-Bin Zhu
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kun Pang
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jing-Kai Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jun Gu
- The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Bei Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Duo Shi
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Cong-Hui Han
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China.
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Gundogdu G, Nguyen T, Namasivayam A, Starek S, Gelman J, Mauney JR. Characterization of a novel rabbit model of Peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res 2024; 36:269-274. [PMID: 36782023 PMCID: PMC11035118 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-023-00671-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Peyronie's disease (PD) is a debilitating pathology which is associated with penile curvature and erectile dysfunction due to the formation of fibrotic plaques in the penile tunica albuginea. In the present study, we developed a novel rabbit model of PD via subtunical injection of recombinant transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 protein and characterized erectile function and histopathological endpoints following plaque formation. Ten adult male, New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into 3 experimental groups including nonsurgical controls (NSC, N = 3) and those receiving subtunical injections of vehicle (N = 3) or TGF-β1 protein (0.5 µg/50 µl; N = 4). Following 1 month post-op, focal fibrous plaques composed of disorganized collagen type I and III bundles as well as fragmented elastin fibers at TGF-β1 injection sites were observed in contrast to control groups. Cavernosometric and cavernosographic evaluations revealed no significant differences in maximum intracorporal pressures or substantial curvature during papaverine-induced erection in either the vehicle or TGF-β1 cohorts. Immunohistochemical and histomorphometric analyses demonstrated significant increases in elastase 2B expression in TGF-β1-induced plaques as well as significant declines in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 expression relative to control levels. Our results demonstrate that PD-like fibrotic plaques can be created in the rabbit penile tunica albuginea following TGF-β1 injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Gundogdu
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Travis Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Aarthi Namasivayam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Starek
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Joel Gelman
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Joshua R Mauney
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Şahin A, Babayev H, Cirigliano L, Preto M, Falcone M, Altıntas E, Gül M. Unveiling the molecular Hallmarks of Peyronie's disease: a comprehensive narrative review. Int J Impot Res 2024:10.1038/s41443-024-00845-2. [PMID: 38454161 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-024-00845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Peyronie's disease, a fibroinflammatory disorder, detrimentally impacts the sexual well-being of men and their partners. The manifestation of fibrotic plaques within penile tissue, attributed to dysregulated fibrogenesis, is pathognomonic for this condition. The onset of fibrosis hinges on the perturbation of the equilibrium between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), crucial enzymes governing the extracellular matrix, and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs). In the context of Peyronie's disease, there is an elevation in TIMP levels coupled with a decline in MMP levels, culminating in fibrogenesis. Despite the scant molecular insights into fibrotic pathologies, particularly in the context of Peyronie's disease, a comprehensive literature search spanning 1995 to 2023, utilizing PubMed Library, was conducted to elucidate these mechanisms. The findings underscore the involvement of growth factors such as FGF and PDGF, and cytokines like IL-1 and IL-6, alongside PAI-1, PTX-3, HIF, and IgG4 in the fibrotic cascade. Given the tissue-specific modulation of fibrosis, comprehending the molecular underpinnings of penile fibrosis becomes imperative for the innovation of novel and efficacious therapies targeting Peyronie's disease. This review stands as a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians engaged in investigating the molecular basis of fibrotic diseases, offering guidance for advancements in understanding Peyronie's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Şahin
- Selcuk University School of Medicine, 42250, Konya, Turkey
| | - Huseyn Babayev
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Cirigliano
- Department of Urology, Molinette Hospital, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Mirko Preto
- Department of Urology, Molinette Hospital, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Falcone
- Department of Urology, Molinette Hospital, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Emre Altıntas
- Department of Urology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, 42250, Konya, Turkey
| | - Murat Gül
- Department of Urology, Molinette Hospital, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Urology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
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Abuharb AI, Alzarroug AF, Algahtani SN, Alghamdi HK, Alosaimi FA, Alsuwayna N, Almughira AI. The Impact and Implications of Regenerative Medicine in Urology. Cureus 2024; 16:e52264. [PMID: 38352111 PMCID: PMC10863929 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Urology focuses on the treatment of genitourinary disorders through therapies ranging from lifestyle changes to advanced surgeries; the field has recently incorporated robotic and minimally invasive technologies that have improved patient outcomes and reduced hospital stays and complications. However, these methods still have certain limitations. Regenerative medicine, focusing on natural repair abilities, can be an effective and safer alternative. This review aims to examine the impact of regenerative medicine in urology. We adopted a systematic review design by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. An exhaustive online literature search involving the databases PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Google Scholar was conducted spanning the period between January 2010 and October 2023. Data were extracted from studies on regenerative medicine in urology with a special focus on efficacy and safety. Data from 16 studies were analyzed, which showed that cell therapy, biological materials, and tissue engineering are generally used in the field of urinary diseases. The main applications include the regeneration of urinary tissue, the correction of urinary incontinence, the treatment of erectile dysfunction, the reconstruction of ureteric defects, and the formation of bladder tissue. The study findings generally lack definitive conclusions on effectiveness and safety. While our results indicate that regenerative medicine is successful on a subjective level, more clinical trials are needed to establish its effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah I Abuharb
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Saad N Algahtani
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Hatan K Alghamdi
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Fahad A Alosaimi
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Nasser Alsuwayna
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
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Farhana S, Kai YC, Kadir R, Sulaiman WAW, Nordin NA, Nasir NAM. The fate of adipose tissue and adipose-derived stem cells in allograft. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 394:269-292. [PMID: 37624425 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03827-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing adipose tissue and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) turned into a promising field of allograft in recent years. The therapeutic potential of adipose tissue and ADSCs is governed by their molecular secretions, ability to sustain multi-differentiation and self-renewal which are pivotal in reconstructive, genetic diseases, and cosmetic goals. However, revisiting the existing functional capacity of adipose tissue and ADSCs and their intricate relationship with allograft is crucial to figure out the remarkable question of safety to use in allograft due to the growing evidence of interactions between tumor microenvironment and ADSCs. For instance, the molecular secretions of adipose tissue and ADSCs induce angiogenesis, create growth factors, and control the inflammatory response; it has now been well determined. Though the existing preclinical allograft studies gave positive feedback, ADSCs and adipose tissue are attracted by some factors of tumor stroma. Moreover, allorecognition is pivotal to allograft rejection which is carried out by costimulation in a complement-dependent way and leads to the destruction of the donor cells. However, extensive preclinical trials of adipose tissue and ADSCs in allograft at molecular level are still limited. Hence, comprehensive immunomodulatory analysis could ensure the successful allograft of adipose tissue and ADSCs avoiding the oncological risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Farhana
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yew Chun Kai
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ramlah Kadir
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Azman Wan Sulaiman
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nor Asyikin Nordin
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Azida Mohd Nasir
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Sharqawi A, Mansour MF, Elatrash GA, Ismail EA, Ralph D, El-Sakka AI. Role of adipose-derived stem cells in healing surgically induced trauma of the rat's tunica albuginea. Sex Med 2023; 11:qfad058. [PMID: 38028732 PMCID: PMC10661659 DOI: 10.1093/sexmed/qfad058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Injection of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into the injured tunica albuginea (TA) may prevent fibrosis, restore the balance between pro- and antifibrotic pathways, and potentially mitigate erectile dysfunction caused by abnormal TA healing. Aim To assess the potential role of ADSC injection on structural, ultrastructural, functional, and molecular changes in surgically induced trauma of the rat's TA. Methods Forty adult male albino Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 8 rats each: group 1, sham; group 2, injury to TA without treatment; group 3, injury to TA and suture repair; group 4, injury to TA and injection of ADSCs without suture repair; group 5, injury to TA followed by injection of ADSCs and suture repair. Outcomes After 6 weeks, all groups were subjected to functional, histologic, and ultrastructural examination and molecular expression of healing growth factors. Results The intracavernous pressure (ICP; mean ± SD) was 114 ± 2, 32 ± 2, 65 ± 2, 68 ± 2, and 111 ± 2 mm Hg in groups 1 to 5, respectively. There were significant differences in ICP between each of groups 3 to 5 and group 2 (P < .05), and groups 3 and 4 each had significant differences with group 1 (P < .05). No significant difference in ICP occurred between groups 3 and 4 (P > .05). There were significant histologic and ultrastructural alterations in tunical tissues from group 2; however, these changes were markedly less in group 5 in terms of lower levels of fibrotic changes, elastosis, and superior overall neuroendothelial expression. Groups 3 and 4 showed improved structural and ultrastructural parameters when compared with group 2. Group 5 demonstrated lower levels of transforming growth factor β1 and basic fibroblast growth factor expression. Clinical Implications This experimental model may encourage administration of ADSCs to prevent the deleterious effects of trauma to the TA. Strengths and Limitations Injecting ADSCs can improve the healing process and erectile dysfunction in a rat model following TA injury, and combining ADSC injection with surgical suturing resulted in superior outcomes. The main limitation was the absence of long-term ICP measurements and a longer follow-up period that may provide further insight into the chronic phase of the healing process. Conclusion ADSC injection may prevent structural, ultrastructural, functional, and molecular alterations in surgically induced trauma of the rat's TA and enhance the effect of tunical suturing after trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mona F Mansour
- Department of Physiology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 4111, Egypt
| | - Gamal A Elatrash
- Department of Urology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 4111, Egypt
| | - Ezzat A Ismail
- Department of Urology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 4111, Egypt
| | - David Ralph
- Institute of Urology, University College of London Hospital, London W1G 8PH, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed I El-Sakka
- Department of Urology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 4111, Egypt
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Castiglione F, Çakır OÖ, Schifano N, Corona G, Reisman Y, Bettocchi C, Cellek S, Ilg MM. European Society of Sexual Medicine consensus statement on the use of animal models for studying Peyronie's disease. Sex Med 2023; 11:qfad046. [PMID: 37547872 PMCID: PMC10397421 DOI: 10.1093/sexmed/qfad046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Animal models are frequently used for translational research in Peyronie's disease (PD). However, due to lack of availability of guidelines, there is some heterogeneity in study design, data reporting, and outcome measures. Aim This European Society for Sexual Medicine consensus statement aims to provide guidance in utilization of animal models in PD research in a standardized and uniform fashion. Methods PubMed was searched for studies using animal models for PD. The following search terms were used: ("Peyronie's disease" OR "penile fibrosis" OR "penile curvature" OR "induration penis plastica" OR "erectile dysfunction") AND ("rodent" OR "mouse" OR "mice" OR "rat" OR "rabbit"). Outcomes This European Society for Sexual Medicine statement describes best practice guidelines for utilization of animals in PD research: power calculation, details of available models, surgical procedures, and measurement techniques, while highlighting possible pitfalls and translational limitations of the models. Results In total, 2490 studies were retrieved and 2446 articles were excluded. A total of 44 studies were included, of which 40 studies used rats, 1 study used both rats and mice, 1 study used a genetic mouse model, and 2 studies used rabbits. A significant number of the studies (70.5%) used transforming growth factor β 1 for induction of fibrosis. Oxford 2011 Levels of Evidence criteria could not be applied due to the nature of the studies. Conclusion Despite certain limitations of PD animal models presented, we aimed to provide guidance for their appropriate use in translational research, with the purpose of improving study quality and reproducibility as well as facilitating interpretation of reported results and conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Onur Ö Çakır
- King's College London Hospital, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolò Schifano
- King's College London Hospital, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Corona
- Endocrinology Unit, Medical Department, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Azienda USL, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Bettocchi
- Department of Urology, University of Bari, Bari 70121, Italy
| | - Selim Cellek
- Fibrosis Research Group, Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus M Ilg
- Fibrosis Research Group, Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
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Thomas J, Sencaj M, Ghomeshi A, Zucker IJ, Best JC, Ramasamy R. Stem-Cell, Shockwave, and Platelet Rich Plasma Therapy for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction and Peyronie's Disease: A Survey of Clinics Across the USA. Urology 2023; 178:83-90. [PMID: 37076023 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2023.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify clinics offering off-label therapies for erectile dysfunction (ED) and Peyronie's disease (Pyd) including stem cell, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and shockwave therapy and to determine the transparency they provided to patients inquiring about these treatment modalities. METHODS Clinics were identified in different regions in the US using a systematic search on online website directories and were approached by asking a series of standardized questions regarding the cost of treatment, duration of therapy, the medical staff involved, and patient outcome data. A total of 26 clinics were surveyed for stem cell therapy, 26 for PRP treatment, and 27 for shockwave therapy. RESULTS Of the 79 clinics contacted, 93.7% provided some answers to the questions we asked, with a majority offering treatments for both ED and Pyd. The cost of treatment varied widely between clinics. The average cost per stem cell therapy injection was $5291, PRP per injection was $1336, and shockwave therapy per session was $413. A physician was involved in 67% of treatments, and only 6 of 79 clinics reported that a urologist was involved. Over 75% of the clinics reported patient satisfaction following treatment. Durability of benefits to patients ranged from months to years according to the clinics' reports. CONCLUSION Our data not only demonstrate the widespread use of off-label therapies for ED and PyD across the United States but also the lack of scientific data to support the claims made to patients. This study highlights the need for more oversight and standardization in novel regenerative therapies for ED and PyD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Thomas
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
| | - Michael Sencaj
- Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL.
| | - Armin Ghomeshi
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL.
| | - Isaac J Zucker
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL.
| | - Jordan C Best
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
| | - Ranjith Ramasamy
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
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Wang B, Gao W, Zheng MY, Lin G, Lue TF. Recent advances in stem cell therapy for erectile dysfunction: a narrative review. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2023; 23:565-573. [PMID: 37078259 PMCID: PMC10330142 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2023.2203811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5is) and others are used to treat Erectile dysfunction (ED), many patients are either unresponsive or resistant to it. Stem cell therapy (SCT) is a promising alternative approach. Numerous preclinical trials have demonstrated improved erectile function in animal models using SCT, although the number of clinical trials investigating SCT for men with ED is limited. Nonetheless, findings from human clinical trials suggest that SCT may be a useful treatment option. AREAS COVERED Biomedical literature, including PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and European Union Clinical Trials Registry, were analyzed to summarize and synthesize information on stem cell therapy for ED in this narrative review. The achievements in preclinical and clinical evaluations are presented and critically analyzed. EXPERT OPINION SCT has demonstrated some benefits in improving erectile function, while further studies are urgently needed. Such studies would provide valuable insights into the optimal use of stem cell therapy and its potential as a therapeutic option for ED. Taking advantage of different mechanisms of action involved in various regenerative therapies, combination therapies such as SCT and low-energy shock waves or platelet-rich plasma may provide a more effective therapy and warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Wang
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Gao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Micha Y. Zheng
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Guiting Lin
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tom F Lue
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Yang CH, Lin DY, Lin YS, Hsu CY, Tung MC, Tan KT, Ou YC. The Immunological Microenvironment and the Emerging Role of Stem Cells Therapy in Peyronie's Disease: A Systematic Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010777. [PMID: 36614220 PMCID: PMC9821411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Current literature has indicated that Peyronie's disease (PD) could be initiated by microtrauma and the subsequent inflammation episodes that follow. PD could be sorted into acute or chronic status, and it can differ when selecting the clinical therapeutics. PD would cause pain and penile deformity to diseased men and impair their erectile function. Occasionally, surgical revision of the penis might be needed to correct the penile curvature. We find that there are limited effective options of intra-lesion injections for the PD plaques. By searching the databases and screening the literature with the PRISMA 2020 guideline, we observed that several preclinical studies that applied stem cell therapy in treating PD were fruitful in the acute phase. Although in the chronic phase of PD, erectile parameters were not significantly improved, and therefore, future studies might be better elevated in certain aspects, such as the sites selected for harvesting stem cells or changing the centrifugation forces. In this review, we concluded the contemporary understanding of inflammatory microenvironments in PD, the stem cell therapy in PD, and our perspectives on future studies. We concluded that there may be great potential in stem cell therapy for treating both acute and chronic phases PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Hsueh Yang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan
| | - Dian-Yu Lin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan
- Joshua Taipei Hernia Center, Central Clinic & Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Sheng Lin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yu Hsu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan
| | - Min-Che Tung
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan
| | - Kok-Tong Tan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-T.T.); (Y.-C.O.)
| | - Yen-Chuan Ou
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-T.T.); (Y.-C.O.)
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Ti Y, Yang M, Chen X, Zhang M, Xia J, Lv X, Xiao D, Wang J, Lu M. Comparison of the therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived stem cells on erectile dysfunction in a rat model of bilateral cavernous nerve injury. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1019063. [PMID: 36277409 PMCID: PMC9585154 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1019063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cavernous nerve injury (CNI) is the leading cause of erectile dysfunction (ED) after radical prostatectomy and pelvic fracture. Transplantation of human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has been widely used to restore erectile function in CNI-ED rats and patients. Umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (CBMSCs) are similarly low immunogenic but much primitive compared to ASCs and more promising in large-scale commercial applications due to the extensive establishment of cord blood banks. However, whether CBMSCs and ASCs have differential therapeutic efficacy on CNI-ED and the underlying mechanisms are still not clear. Materials and methods: A bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI) rat model was established by crushing the bilateral cavernous nerves. After crushing, ASCs and CBMSCs were intracavernously injected immediately. Erectile function, Masson staining, and immunofluorescence analyses of penile tissues were assessed at 4 and 12 weeks. PKH-26-labeled ASCs or CBMSCs were intracavernously injected to determine the presence and differentiation of ASCs or CBMSCs in the penis 3 days after injection. In vitro experiments including intracellular ROS detection, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, EdU cell proliferation staining, cell apoptosis assay, and protein chip assay were conducted to explore the underlying mechanism of CBMSC treatment compared with ASC treatment. Results: CBMSC injection significantly restored erectile function, rescued the loss of cavernous corporal smooth muscles, and increased the ratio of smooth muscle to collagen. PKH-26-labeled CBMSCs or ASCs did not colocalize with endothelial cells or smooth muscle cells in the corpus cavernosum. Moreover, the conditioned medium (CM) of CBMSCs could significantly inhibit the oxidative stress and elevate the mitochondria membrane potential and proliferation of Schwann cells. Better therapeutic effects were observed in the CBMSC group than the ASC group both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the content of neurotrophic factors and matrix metalloproteinases in CBMSC-CM, especially NT4, VEGF, MMP1, and MMP3 was significantly higher than that of ASC-CM. Conclusion: Intracavernous injection of CBMSCs exhibited a better erectile function restoration than that of ASCs in CNI-ED rats owing to richer secretory factors, which can promote nerve regeneration and reduce extracellular matrix deposition. CBMSC transplantation would be a promising therapeutic strategy for CNI-ED regeneration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunrong Ti
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengbo Yang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinda Chen
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Xia
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangguo Lv
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongdong Xiao
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dongdong Xiao, ; Jiucun Wang, ; Mujun Lu,
| | - Jiucun Wang
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Guangzhou, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dongdong Xiao, ; Jiucun Wang, ; Mujun Lu,
| | - Mujun Lu
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dongdong Xiao, ; Jiucun Wang, ; Mujun Lu,
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12
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Wang W, Ding W, Zhang X, Wu S, Yu T, Cui X, Xie Y, Yang D, Lin C. Intratunical injection of rat-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells prevents fibrosis and is associated with increased Smad7 expression in a rat model of Peyronie's disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:390. [PMID: 35908015 PMCID: PMC9338499 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03090-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Peyronie’s disease (PD) is a fibrotic disorder of the penis, but effective treatments are lacking. Here, we observed the effects of rat-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) injection in the active phase and chronic phase in a rat model of PD, and the possible mechanism was analysed with fibroblasts derived from rat penile tunica albuginea (TA). Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. In sham group, the rats were injected with 50 µL of vehicle. In the PD group, the rats were injected with 50 µg TGF-β1. In the PD + BMSCs early treatment group, the rats were injected with 50 µg TGF-β1 and injected with 1 × 106 BMSCs after 1 day. In the PD + BMSCs late treatment group, the rats were injected with 50 µg TGF-β1 and injected with 1 × 106 BMSCs after 28 days. Twenty-seven days after the last injection, the erectile function of the rats was measured, and then, penile fibrosis was analysed by histology and western blot. In vitro, fibroblasts derived from rat penile TA were used to identify a possible antifibrotic mechanism of BMSCs, and a Smad7 expression vector was used as a positive control. Fibroblasts were pretreated with the Smad7 expression vector or BMSCs for 48 h and then activated with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 24 h. Cells viability was assessed, and Smad7, collagen 3, elastase-2B and osteopontin expression levels were analysed by immunofluorescence and western blot. Furthermore, fibroblasts were transfected with Smad7 siRNA or scramble control to observe whether the effects of BMSCs could be offset. Results Erectile function obviously improved, and fibrosis of penile TA was prevented after BMSCs treatment compared with that in the rats with PD. Furthermore, the effects of BMSCs treatment in the active phase were better than those in the chronic phase. After cocultured with BMSCs, cell viability was not affected, Smad7 expression was upregulated, and collagen 3, elastase-2B and osteopontin levels were decreased in the TGF-β1-treated fibroblasts. After transfection with Smad7 siRNA, the antifibrotic effects of BMSCs were offset. Conclusions The antifibrotic effects of BMSCs treatment in the active phase of the PD rat model were better than those in the chronic phase. A possible mechanism of BMSCs treatment was related to increased Smad7 expression, suggesting a possible effective and safe procedure for the treatment of PD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03090-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China
| | - Weifang Ding
- Department of Health Care, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China
| | - Xuebao Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China
| | - Tianxi Yu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Yaqi Xie
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China.,Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Diandong Yang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China.
| | - Chunhua Lin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China.
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13
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Satilmis B, Cicek GS, Cicek E, Akbulut S, Sahin TT, Yilmaz S. Adipose-derived stem cells in the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases and sepsis. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:4348-4356. [PMID: 35663078 PMCID: PMC9125284 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i14.4348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Determination of the mesenchymal stem cells is one of the greatest and most exciting achievements that tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have achieved. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC) are easily isolated and cultured for a long time before losing their stem cell characteristics, which are self-renewal and pluripotency. AD-MSC are mesenchymal stem cells that have pluripotent lineage characteristics. They are easily accessible, and the fraction of stem cells in the adipose tissue lysates is highest among all other sources of mesenchymal stem cells. It is also HLA-DR negative and can be transplanted allogenically without the need for immunosuppression. These advantages have popularized its use in many fields including plastic reconstructive surgery. However, in the field of hepatology and liver transplantation, the progress is slower. AD-MSC have the potential to modulate inflammation, ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion injury, and support liver and biliary tract regeneration. These are very important for the treatment of various hepatobiliary diseases. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory potential of these cells has paramount importance in the treatment of sepsis. We need alternative therapeutic approaches to treat end-stage liver failure. AD-MSC can provide a means of therapy to bridge to definitive therapeutic alternatives such as liver transplantation. Here we propose to review theoretic applications of AD-MSC in the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basri Satilmis
- Hepatology Research Laboratory, Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Gizem Selen Cicek
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Malatya Training and Research Hospital, Malatya 44000, Yesilyurt, Turkey
| | - Egemen Cicek
- Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Sami Akbulut
- Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Tevfik Tolga Sahin
- Hepatology Research Laboratory, Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
- Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Sezai Yilmaz
- Hepatology Research Laboratory, Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
- Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
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14
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Chung E, Yafi FA. Pharmacotherapy in Peyronie's disease: a state-of-the-art review on established contemporary and emerging drugs. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2022; 23:1035-1042. [PMID: 35209789 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2043274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current clinical guidelines on Peyronie's disease (PD) advocate non-surgical treatment options as the first-line therapy despite inconsistent clinical outcomes when compared to definitive penile reconstructive surgery. AREAS COVERED This article examines the current understanding of established contemporary and emerging pharmacotherapies for PD. Emphasis has been placed on published clinical studies on drugs in the last 10 years. EXPERT OPINION Published studies have shown that combination therapy is likely more effective than monotherapy. Combined treatment modalities involving various oral and/or intralesional pharmacotherapies together with mechanical devices or clinical psychosexual therapy may provide additional or synergistic benefits for PD patients. A multidisciplinary approach coupled with more novel targets for pharmacological intervention could deliver a more effective treatment paradigm to prevent or at least delay the need for definitive penile reconstructive surgery. Drugs targeting the inhibition of TGF-β1 pathway and myofibroblast transformation are of great interest and studies into next-generation genetic sequencing and transcriptional biomarker regulatory pathways in PD will provide useful insights into the pathophysiology of PD, and assist the development of future regenerative technology including cellular-based therapies to target various anti-fibrotic molecular mechanisms and the potential to be integrated into existing treatment armamentarium for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chung
- AndroUrology Centre, Brisbane Qld and Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Urology, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Urology, Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Faysal A Yafi
- Department of Urology, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
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15
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Meng F, Liao X, Chen H, Deng S, Wang L, Zhao M, Li H, Liu D, Gao G, Li H, Wang J. Bibliometric and visualization analysis of literature relating to diabetic erectile dysfunction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1091999. [PMID: 36568113 PMCID: PMC9780376 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1091999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic erectile dysfunction (DMED) refers to erectile dysfunction secondary to diabetes. Erectile dysfunction is characterized by a persistent inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient to permit satisfactory sexual activity. METHODS Based on the Web of Science core collection database, we firstly analyzed the quantity and quality of publications in the field of DMED, secondly profiled the publishing groups in terms of country, institution, author's publication and cooperation network, and finally sorted out and summarized the hot topics of research. RESULTS From 2001 to 2022, a total of 1,403 articles relating to this topic were published in 359 journals. They represent the global research status, potential hotspots, and future research directions. The number of DMED-related publications and citations has steadily increased over the few past decades. Academic institutions from Europe and the United States have played a leading role in DMED research. The country, institution, journal, and author with the most publications were the United States (294), INHA University (39), the Journal of Sexual Medicine (156), and Ryu, Ji-Kan (29), respectively. The most common keywords were erectile dysfunction (796), men (256), diabetes (254), diabetes mellitus (239), prevalence (180), corpus cavernosum (171), dysfunction (155), mellitus (154), nitric-oxide synthase (153), and expression (140). The main keyword-based research topics and hotspots in the DMED field were oral sildenafil, smooth muscle relaxation, nitric oxide synthase, gene therapy, metabolic syndrome, cavernous nerve injury, stem cell, and penile prosthesis. DISCUSSION The terms oral sildenafil, smooth muscle relaxation, nitric oxide synthase, gene therapy, metabolic syndrome, cavernous nerve injury, stem cell, and penile prosthesis will be at the forefront of DMED-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanchao Meng
- Urology Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxing Liao
- Urology Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haimin Chen
- Department of Nephroendocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Deng
- Department of Andrology, Shunyi Hospital, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Surgery, Beijing Xuanwu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjie Zhao
- Urology Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haibin Li
- Urology Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Urology Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guojing Gao
- Urology Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haisong Li
- Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Haisong Li, ; Jisheng Wang,
| | - Jisheng Wang
- Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Haisong Li, ; Jisheng Wang,
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16
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Israeli JM, Lokeshwar SD, Efimenko IV, Masterson TA, Ramasamy R. The potential of platelet-rich plasma injections and stem cell therapy for penile rejuvenation. Int J Impot Res 2021; 34:375-382. [PMID: 34743193 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-021-00482-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Penile concerns include erectile dysfunction (ED) and Peyronie disease (PD). Restorative therapies including Stem Cell Therapy (SCT) and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) injections are proposed to treat these concerns. SCT encompasses the harvesting and injection of mesenchymal stem cells or stromal vascular fractions from various tissue sources. PRP is derived autologously from a patient's plasma and is then injected into the penile tissue. These therapies repair damaged penile tissue and promote both new cellular and vascular growth, as demonstrated in basic science studies. Human trials on SCT and PRP for both ED and PD and have yielded promising results with few side effects. While encouraging, small cohort size and lack of blinding or placebo control limit these studies' external validity. Recently, the first double-blinded randomized controlled trial on PRP for ED was published, providing significant evidence of efficacy. With the rapid commercial availability of SCT and PRP for ED and PD, it is imperative to perform more randomized and placebo-controlled trials with standardized procedures and preparations to evaluate efficacy and safety. This narrative review will summarize the available literature on these penile restorative therapies to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Israeli
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Soum D Lokeshwar
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Iakov V Efimenko
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Ranjith Ramasamy
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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17
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Zhang F, Qin F, Yuan J. Molecular Mechanisms and Current Pharmacotherapy of Peyronie's Disease: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:643641. [PMID: 34093182 PMCID: PMC8173627 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Peyronie’s disease (PD) is a localized fibrotic lesion of the penis that has adverse effects on men’s health. In this review, we summarized the molecular mechanisms and pharmacotherapies of PD. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane Library during 2001–2020. Although no oral or topical medication demonstrated efficacy in monotherapy of PD, several intralesional medications have yielded promising results. Currently, the effective strategy in management of PD should be combined modality therapy, including but not limited to pharmacotherapy, mechanical therapy, and psychotherapy. Meanwhile, basic research is still necessary to facilitate the development of novel and more reliable treatments. In future, more attention should be given simultaneously to epigenetic changes, inflammatory cytokines, the abnormal wound-healing process, and profibrotic and anti-fibrotic factors to provide more options for this refractory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxun Zhang
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Qin
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiuhong Yuan
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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18
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Makboul R, Abdelkawi IF, Badary DM, Hussein MRA, Rhim JS, Toraih EA, Zerfaoui M, Abd Elmageed ZY. Transmembrane and Tetratricopeptide Repeat Containing 4 Is a Novel Diagnostic Marker for Prostate Cancer with High Specificity and Sensitivity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051029. [PMID: 33925440 PMCID: PMC8146280 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The histopathologic diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) from biopsies is a current challenge if double or triple staining is needed. Therefore, there is an urgent need for development of a new reliable biomarker to diagnose PCa patients. We aimed to explore and compare the expression of TMTC4 in PCa cells and tissue specimens and evaluate its sensitivity and specificity. The expression of TMTC4 in PCa and normal prostate epithelial cells was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot analyses. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of TMTC4 was performed on tissues collected from PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Our results show a high expression of TMTC4 on mRNA and protein levels in PCa versus BPH1 and normal cells (p < 0.05). IHC results show strong cytoplasmic expressions in PCa cases (p < 0.001) as compared to BPH cases. The overall accuracy as measured by the AUC was 1.0 (p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of the protein were 100% and 96.6%, respectively. Taken together, we report a high TMTC4 expression in PCa cells and tissues and its ability to differentiate between PCa and BPH with high sensitivity and specificity. This finding can be carried over to clinical practice after its confirmation by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Makboul
- Department of Pathology and Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71111, Egypt; (R.M.); (D.M.B.); (M.R.A.H.)
| | - Islam F. Abdelkawi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71111, Egypt;
| | - Dalia M. Badary
- Department of Pathology and Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71111, Egypt; (R.M.); (D.M.B.); (M.R.A.H.)
| | - Mahmoud R. A. Hussein
- Department of Pathology and Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71111, Egypt; (R.M.); (D.M.B.); (M.R.A.H.)
| | - Johng S. Rhim
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
| | - Eman A. Toraih
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (E.A.T.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mourad Zerfaoui
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (E.A.T.); (M.Z.)
| | - Zakaria Y. Abd Elmageed
- Department of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71203, USA
- Correspondence:
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19
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: Current Applications and Future Directions in the Regeneration of Multiple Tissues. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8810813. [PMID: 33488736 PMCID: PMC7787857 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8810813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) can maintain self-renewal and enhanced multidifferentiation potential through the release of a variety of paracrine factors and extracellular vesicles, allowing them to repair damaged organs and tissues. Consequently, considerable attention has increasingly been paid to their application in tissue engineering and organ regeneration. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of ADSC preparation, including harvesting, isolation, and identification. The advances in preclinical and clinical evidence-based ADSC therapy for bone, cartilage, myocardium, liver, and nervous system regeneration as well as skin wound healing are also summarized. Notably, the perspectives, potential challenges, and future directions for ADSC-related researches are discussed. We hope that this review can provide comprehensive and standardized guidelines for the safe and effective application of ADSCs to achieve predictable and desired therapeutic effects.
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20
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Yang Q, Chen W, Han D, Zhang C, Xie Y, Sun X, Liu G, Deng C. Intratunical injection of human urine-derived stem cells derived exosomes prevents fibrosis and improves erectile function in a rat model of Peyronie's disease. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13831. [PMID: 32986908 DOI: 10.1111/and.13831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effects of intratunical injection of exosomes derived from human urine-derived stem cells (USC-exo) on plaque formation and erectile function in a transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) induced Peyronie's disease (PD) rat model. Twenty-four SD rats were randomly assigned equally to three groups: (I) Sham group (50 μl phosphate-buffered saline [PBS] injected into the tunica albuginea [TA]), (II) PD group (0.5 μg TGF-β1 in 50 μl PBS injected into the TA) and (III) USC-exo group (0.5 ug TGF-β1 plus 100 μg USC-exo injected into the TA at the same day). The maximum intracavernous pressure (ICPmax ) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) of each group were evaluated 4 weeks after injection. The plaque formation, fibrosis, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of MMPs (TIMPs) in the TA were evaluated. Four weeks after injection, USC-exo group showed more significantly enhanced ICPmax and ICPmax /MAP than PD group (p < .05). USC-exo could significantly ameliorate the TA fibrosis that could be associated with the inhibition of transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, decreased expression of TIMPs (TIMP-1, 2, 3) and increased activity of MMPs (MMP-1, 3, 9) in the TA. According to these findings, USC-exo can be a new candidate for the prevention of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Yang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanmei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dayu Han
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangzhou Sun
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihua Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Deng
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Choi EJ, Schneider D, Xu P, El-Khatib FM, Yafi FA. Future concepts and therapy approaches for Peyronie’s disease. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2020.1804861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward J. Choi
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Douglas Schneider
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Perry Xu
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Farouk M. El-Khatib
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Faysal A. Yafi
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, CA, USA
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22
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Yan H, Ding Y, Lu M. Current Status and Prospects in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction by Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in the Diabetic Animal Model. Sex Med Rev 2020; 8:486-491. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Treating men with Peyronie's disease remains a challenging problem facing clinicians working across urology and sexual medicine fields. Patients can often be left disappointed by current treatment paradigms, and an overall lack of suitable molecular targets has limited the options for novel, effective medical therapy. Managing men with Peyronie's disease often involves careful counselling alongside multifaceted and possible combination treatments to help improve symptoms whilst ameliorating potential side effects of therapy. We review the latest medical literature and evidence in the contemporary management of Peyronie's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asrit Babu
- Department of Urology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK
| | - Oliver Kayes
- Department of Urology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK
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24
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Abdessater M, Kanbar A, Gas J, Bart S, Coloby P, Beley S, Sleiman W. [Non-surgical management of Peyronie's disease: State of current knowledge]. Prog Urol 2020; 30:353-364. [PMID: 32279954 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peyronie's disease is an inflammatory disorder of the penis, where scar tissue creates a plaque at the level of the albuginea, limits its extension, and leads to a bent and shorter penis during erections. There are no international standards for the evaluation and the treatment of the disease. The aim of this article is to review the current knowledge about the management of Peyronie's disease and to suggest an algorithm to help physicians evaluate and manage this condition. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature review was conducted through PubMed database following PRISMA guidelines using the Mesh terms: Peyronie, disease, treatment and diagnosis. Results are presented in a descriptive manner. RESULTS Multiple treatment strategies have been proposed, but no conclusive randomized clinical trial is done to assess their efficacies. The oral treatment was shown to be more beneficial in the setting of a multi-modal approach to treat the acute phase. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatories and the potassium para-aminobenzoate are superior to the other molecules of oral therapy for pain management. Local treatment with topical verapamil, iontophoresis and intra-lesional injection of verapamil, interferon alfa-2b and collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH) revolutionized the management of the disease by the modification of the plaque size and angulation. Alternative treatments using extra-corporeal shock wave or traction devices are promising. Intra-lesional injection of CCH is the only therapy approved by the Food and Drug Administration for this condition after the stabilization of the disease. The channeling of the plaque before CCH injections is making better results than the initial protocol, concerning angulation improvement. CONCLUSION Multiple therapeutic strategies exist for the management of the Peyronie's disease, but they lack evidence based data. Further randomized clinical trials are needed to evaluate the current practices and to study more efficient treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abdessater
- Service d'urologie et de transplantation rénale, hôpital universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - A Kanbar
- Service d'urologie, groupe hospitalier diaconesses, Croix-Saint-Simon, Paris, France
| | - J Gas
- Département d'urologie, andrologie et transplantation rénale, centre hospitalier universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - S Bart
- Service d'urologie, centre hospitalier René-Dubos, Pontoise, France
| | - P Coloby
- Service d'urologie, centre hospitalier René-Dubos, Pontoise, France
| | - S Beley
- Service d'urologie, groupe hospitalier diaconesses, Croix-Saint-Simon, Paris, France
| | - W Sleiman
- Service d'urologie, centre hospitalier René-Dubos, Pontoise, France
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25
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Aditya I, Kwong JCC, Krakowsky Y, Grober ED. Non-conventional therapies for Peyronie's disease: what is the evidence for efficacy? Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:S295-S302. [PMID: 32257870 PMCID: PMC7108993 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.09.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, there has been a surge in non-conventional therapies for Peyronie’s disease (PD). With increasing interest in these novel therapies, we conducted a narrative review to explore the efficacy and safety of these treatments to provide clarity for patients and providers. Methods A literature search was conducted to find studies describing non-conventional treatments of PD. These treatments were defined as those within the standard of care, including intralesional therapies and surgical options. Results A total of 14 studies were found. Non-conventional therapies included platelet-rich plasma (PRP), hyaluronic acid (HA), combination therapy of PRP and HA, extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT), stem cell therapy (SCT), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and H-100. Most studies were limited to animal models and reported modest improvements in angulation and erectile function. Complication rates and cost of each treatment were infrequently reported. Conclusions There is limited evidence supporting non-conventional therapies for PD. As such, they are currently not recommended in clinical guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishan Aditya
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Yonah Krakowsky
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Women's College Hospital & Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ethan D Grober
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Women's College Hospital & Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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26
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Milenkovic U, Duponselle J, Bivalacqua TJ, Albersen M. Evolving therapies for Peyronie's disease: how can we work towards new drugs? Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:S284-S294. [PMID: 32257869 PMCID: PMC7108979 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.08.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peyronie’s disease (PD) is an idiopathic chronic fibrotic disease that causes a penile curvature (PC), subsequent erectile dysfunction (ED) and impaired sexual intercourse in patients. As of yet, there are no reliable non-surgical treatment options available. Intralesional injection with collagenase Clostridum Histolyticum has been FDA approved since 2013, but post-approval studies have not been unanimously positive. Moreover, it renders a curvature improvement of only 30% on average, usually still requiring surgical intervention to remedy PC. Therefore, there is a need for drugs which could prevent surgery altogether. Development of new drugs can either be through a target-based or phenotypic assay-based approach. The current in vivo model for PD is dependent on treatment of primary PD-derived fibroblasts with transforming growth factor-β1. Moreover, despite the existence of a genetic in vivo PD model, it does not allow for drug screening or testing. While some advances have been made in the past few years, new in vivo and in vivo systems and well-designed studies are urgently needed for the non-surgical treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uros Milenkovic
- Laboratory of Experimental Urology, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Urology, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien Duponselle
- Laboratory of Experimental Urology, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Trinity J Bivalacqua
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maarten Albersen
- Laboratory of Experimental Urology, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Urology, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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27
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Moussa M, Abou Chakra M, Moussa Y. Advances in stem cell therapy for the treatment of Peyronie's disease. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2020; 9:10-13. [PMID: 32201669 PMCID: PMC7062597 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2019.01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peyronie's disease (PD) is a connective tissue disorder of the penis characterized by fibrosis and plaque formation within the tunica albuginea. PD is characterized by painful penile curvature that impairs sexual intercourse. Stem cell therapy is one of the recent non-invasive treatment options for patients with PD and it has promising results. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that are capable of self-renewal and differentiation, promoting the repair of tissues via their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory action. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) are used most widely due to their abundant tissue source and ease of isolation. Multiple studies have indicated the efficacy of stem cell therapy as a potential treatment for fibrotic diseases. Clearly, ADSCs may represent a way to treat and prevent PD in both rat and human models. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of stem cell therapy for PD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Moussa
- Department of Urology, Zahraa Hospital, University Medical Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Abou Chakra
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Address correspondence to:Mohamad Abou Chakra, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon. E-mail:
| | - Yasmin Moussa
- Clinic of Dermatology, Dr. Brinkmann, Schult & Samimi-Fard, Gladbeck, Germany
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28
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Sun DZ, Abelson B, Babbar P, Damaser MS. Harnessing the mesenchymal stem cell secretome for regenerative urology. Nat Rev Urol 2020; 16:363-375. [PMID: 30923338 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-019-0169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The extensive arsenal of bioactive molecules secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), known as the secretome, has demonstrated considerable therapeutic benefit in regenerative medicine. Investigation into the therapeutic potential of the secretome has enabled researchers to replicate the anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic and trophic effects of stem cells without the need for the cells themselves. Furthermore, treatment with the MSC secretome could circumvent hurdles associated with cellular therapy, including oncogenic transformation, immunoreactivity and cost. Thus, a clear rationale exists for investigating the therapeutic potential of the MSC secretome in regenerative urology. Indeed, preclinical studies have demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of the MSC secretome in models of stress urinary incontinence, renal disease, bladder dysfunction and erectile dysfunction. However, the specific mechanisms underpinning therapeutic activity are unclear and require further research before clinical translation. Improvements in current proteomic methods used to characterize the secretome will be necessary to provide further insight into stem cells and their secretome in regenerative urology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Z Sun
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Benjamin Abelson
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Paurush Babbar
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Margot S Damaser
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
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29
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Ory J, MacDonald L, Langille G. Noninvasive Treatment Options for Peyronie's Disease. Sex Med Rev 2020; 8:603-614. [PMID: 31983573 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence for noninvasive management of Peyronie's disease contains many options with varying levels of evidence for each. Many first-line treatments recommended by urologists lack strong evidence for their use. AIM We summarize the noninvasive (oral medications, topical medications, traction, vacuum erection devices, extracorporeal shock wave therapy, intracavernosal injections and electromotive therapy) treatment options for Peyronie's disease and provide the levels of evidence for each. METHODS A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalKey databases was conducted, current up to April 2019. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE For each treatment modality, we measured level of evidence, change in penile curvature, change in erectile function, the percentage of patients with improved angulation, and pain scores. RESULTS There is weak evidence to support the use of oral or topical medications. Higher levels of evidence exist for intracavernosal injections and extracorporeal shock wave therapy and may be helpful in certain patient populations. CONCLUSION The mechanisms behind Peyronie's disease are not fully understood. Penile injections provide the highest quality of evidence for noninvasive treatment. Ory J, MacDonald L, Langille G. Noninvasive Treatment Options for Peyronie's Disease. Sex Med Rev 2020;8:603-614.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Ory
- Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
| | - Landan MacDonald
- Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Gavin Langille
- Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Saint John, NB, Canada
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30
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Milenkovic U, Ilg MM, Cellek S, Albersen M. Pathophysiology and Future Therapeutic Perspectives for Resolving Fibrosis in Peyronie’s Disease. Sex Med Rev 2019; 7:679-689. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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Chen S, Zhu J, Wang M, Huang Y, Qiu Z, Li J, Chen X, Chen H, Xu M, Liu J, She M, Li H, Yang X, Wang Y, Cai X. Comparison of the therapeutic effects of adipose‑derived and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1006-1014. [PMID: 31257465 PMCID: PMC6658012 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of adipose‑derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation into the corpora cavernosa of diabetic rats with erectile function. ADSCs and BMSCs were isolated and identified by flow cytometry. Rats with streptozocin‑induced diabetes were screened using apomorphine to obtain a rat model of diabetic erectile dysfunction, followed by transplantation of ADSCs and BMSCs into the corpora cavernosa. Two weeks later, the rats were again injected with apomorphine, the intracavernous pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the penile tissue were measured, and the corpus cavernosum tissues were harvested. Angiogenic endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis. The blood vessels in the corpus cavernosum were observed following hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and the expression of collagen was detected by Sirius Red staining. The cellular ultrastructure was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Intracavernous injection of ADSCs significantly increased ICP and ICP/MAP. Western blotting and immunofluorescence results revealed that ADSC treatment improved the expression of eNOS in the penile tissue of diabetic rats. The H&E staining results demonstrated that ADSC treatment promoted revascularization of the corpus cavernosum, and the results of Sirius Red staining revealed that ADSC treatment reduced penile collagen in diabetic rats. Transmission electron microscopy examination revealed that the ultrastructure of the tissues in the ADSC‑treated group was more complete compared with that in the untreated diabetic model group. In conclusion, ADSCs were found to be more effective compared with BMSCs in treating diabetes‑related erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sansan Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080
- Institute of Biotherapy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515
| | - Jianbin Zhu
- Technology Center, Guangdong Vitalife Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528200
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- Reproductive Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515
| | - Yanting Huang
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080
| | - Zhuolin Qiu
- Reproductive Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515
| | - Jingjing Li
- Technology Center, Guangdong Vitalife Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528200
| | - Xinglu Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080
| | - Huiying Chen
- Institute of Biotherapy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515
| | - Mingyu Xu
- Institute of Biotherapy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515
| | - Jun Liu
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510091
| | - Miaoqin She
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510660
| | - Hongwei Li
- Institute of Biotherapy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080
- Correspondence to: Dr Xiangsheng Cai or Dr Xiaorong Yang, Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 39 Nonglin Xia Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Yi Wang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiangsheng Cai
- Institute of Biotherapy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080
- Correspondence to: Dr Xiangsheng Cai or Dr Xiaorong Yang, Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 39 Nonglin Xia Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
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32
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Zhang Y, Yang J, Zhuan L, Zang G, Wang T, Liu J. Transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells overexpressing inducible nitric oxide synthase ameliorates diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction in rats. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7507. [PMID: 31423366 PMCID: PMC6694783 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Erectile dysfunction is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have attracted much attention as a promising tool for the treatment of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED). Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays an important role in protecting penile tissues from fibrosis. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of ADSCs overexpressing iNOS on DMED in rats. Methods ADSCs were isolated and infected with adenovirus overexpressing iNOS (named as ADSCs-iNOS). The expression of iNOS was detected using western blot analysis and real-time PCR. Rats were randomly assigned into five groups: control group, DMED group, ADSCs group, ADSCs-EGFP group and ADSCs-iNOS group. 5 × 105 cells were given once via the intracorporal route. Two weeks after treatment, erectile function was assessed by electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve. Penile tissues were obtained and evaluated at histology level. Results We found that ADSCs-iNOS had significantly higher expression of iNOS at mRNA and protein levels and generated more nitric oxide (NO). ADSCs-iNOS reduced collagen I and collagen IV expression of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) in cell co-culture model. Transforming growth factor-β1 expression in CCSMCs reduced following co-culture with ADSCs-iNOS. Injection of ADSCs-iNOS significantly ameliorated DMED in rats and decreased collagen/smooth muscle cell ratio of penile tissues. Moreover, elevated NO and cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentrations were detected in penile tissues of ADSCs-iNOS group. Conclusion Taken together, ADSCs-iNOS significantly improved erectile function of DMED rats. The therapeutic effect may be achieved by increased NO generation and the suppression of collagen I and collagen IV expression in the CCSMCs to decrease penile fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Zhuan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guanghui Zang
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Yang J, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Zang G, Zhuan L, Tang Z, Liu Y, Wang T, Wang S, Liu J. Preconditioning of adipose‐derived stem cells by phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibition enhances therapeutic efficacy against diabetes‐induced erectile dysfunction. Andrology 2019; 8:231-240. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
- Institute of Urology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
| | - Z. Yu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
- Institute of Urology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
| | - Y. Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
- Institute of Urology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
| | - G.‐H. Zang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
- Institute of Urology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
| | - L. Zhuan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
- Institute of Urology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
| | - Z. Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
- Institute of Urology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
| | - Y. Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - T. Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
- Institute of Urology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
| | - S.‐G. Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
- Institute of Urology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
| | - J.‐H. Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
- Institute of Urology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology HubeiChina
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Castiglione F, Hedlund P, Weyne E, Hakim L, Montorsi F, Salonia A, Bivalacqua TJ, De Ridder D, Milenkovic U, Ralph D, Garaffa G, Muneer A, Joniau S, Albersen M. Intratunical injection of stromal vascular fraction prevents fibrosis in a rat model of Peyronie's disease. BJU Int 2019; 124:342-348. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Castiglione
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology; Organ Systems; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Institute of Urology; University College of London Hospital; London UK
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology; Urological Research Institute; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele; Milan Italy
| | - Petter Hedlund
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology; Lund University; Lund Sweden
- Division of Drug Research; Department of Medical and Health Sciences; Linköping University; Linköping Sweden
| | - Emmanuel Weyne
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology; Organ Systems; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Lukman Hakim
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology; Organ Systems; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Department of Urology; Airlangga University / Dr Soetomo General Hospital; Surabaya Indonesia
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology; Urological Research Institute; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele; Milan Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology; Urological Research Institute; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele; Milan Italy
| | - Trinity J. Bivalacqua
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute; Department of Urology; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Dirk De Ridder
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology; Organ Systems; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Uros Milenkovic
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology; Organ Systems; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - David Ralph
- Institute of Urology; University College of London Hospital; London UK
| | - Giulio Garaffa
- Institute of Urology; University College of London Hospital; London UK
| | - Asif Muneer
- Institute of Urology; University College of London Hospital; London UK
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre; University College London Hospital; London UK
| | - Steven Joniau
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology; Organ Systems; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Maarten Albersen
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology; Organ Systems; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
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Antoniassi T, Júnior FNF, Spessoto LCF, Guerra LH, Campos SS, Taboga S. Anti-fibrotic effect of mycophenolate mofetil on Peyronie's disease experimentally induced with TGF-β. Int J Impot Res 2019; 32:201-206. [PMID: 31000815 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-019-0138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histological, histochemical, and stereological changes caused by mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on the tunica albuginea of rat penises submitted to an injection of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) for the induction of Peyronie's disease (PD). Twenty adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control group; TGF-β group (TGF-β injection); MMF-7d group (treated with MMF 7 days after induction with TGF-β); and MMF-30d group (treated with MMF 30 days after induction with TGF-β). The steorological evaluation included the relative volume of different types of connective fibres of the tunica albuginea. The histochemical analysis revealed the fragmentation and degradation of elastin in the tunica albuginea. This process was partially reversed in the MMF-7d group and a situation very close to normality was observed in the MMF-30d group. In the collagen III/collagen I ratio it was observed increase in this ratio in the TGF-β (59.4 ± 5.53) and MMF-7d (49 ± 18.2) groups and a decrease in the MMF-30d group (28.7 ± 4), approaching normality. The injection of TGF-β promoted fibrotic alterations in the penile tunica albuginea in Wistar rats corresponding to PD. In this model, MMF acts as a regenerating anti-fibrotic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Antoniassi
- Department of Urology, São José Rio Preto School of Medicine (FAMERP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Henrique Guerra
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP /IBILCE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sebastião Taboga
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP /IBILCE), São Paulo, Brazil
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Intratunical injection of autologous adipose stromal vascular fraction reduces collagen III expression in a rat model of chronic penile fibrosis. Int J Impot Res 2019; 32:281-288. [PMID: 30988428 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-019-0136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the injection of adipose stem cells and stromal vascular fraction(SVF) into the tunica albuginea (TA) during the inflammatory phase in a rat model of Peyronie's disease(PD) prevented the development of TA fibrosis. Our aim was to investigate whether local injection of SVF can reduce established fibrosis in a rat model of chronic phase of PD. Eighteen-male 12-wk-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided in three equal groups: sham, PD without treatment (PD) and PD treated with SVF(PD-SVF). Sham rats underwent 2 injections of vehicle into the TA one month apart. PD rats underwent TGF-β1 injection and injection of vehicle one month later. PD-SVF rats underwent TGF-β1 injection followed by SVF (1-million cells) one month later. One month after the last treatment, the animals, n = 6 rats per group, underwent measurement of intracorporal and mean arterial pressure during electrostimulation of the cavernous nerve. Following euthanasia, penises were harvested for in-vitro study. Erectile function was not statistically significantly different between groups. PD animals developed subtunical areas of fibrosis and elastosis with upregulation of collagen III protein. These fibrotic changes were reversed after injection of SVF. We provide evidence that local injection of SVF reverses TA fibrosis in a rat model of chronic phase of PD.
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Castiglione F, Hedlund P, Weyne E, Hakim L, Montorsi F, Bivalacqua TJ, De Ridder D, Milenkovic U, Ralph D, Garaffa G, Muneer A, Joniau S, Albersen M. Intratunical Injection of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Restores Collagen III/I Ratio in a Rat Model of Chronic Peyronie's Disease. Sex Med 2018; 7:94-103. [PMID: 30503767 PMCID: PMC6377372 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have shown that the injection of adipose tissue–derived stem cells (ADSCs) into the tunica albuginea (TA) during the active phase of Peyronie’s disease (PD) prevents the development of fibrosis. Aim To investigate, using an animal model, whether local injection of human ADSCs (hADSCs) can alter the degree of fibrosis in the chronic phase of PD. Methods 27 male, 12-week-old rats were divided into 3 equal groups: sham, PD without treatment, and PD treated with hADSCs 1 month after disease induction. Sham rats underwent 2 injections of vehicle into the TA 1 month apart. PD rats underwent transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) injection and injection of vehicle 1 month later. PD-hADSC rats underwent TGFβ1 injection followed by 1 million hADSCs 1 month later. 1 week after treatment, n = 3 animals/group were euthanized, and the penises were harvested for quantitative polymerase chain reaction. 1 month after treatment, the other animals, n = 6 per group, underwent measurement of intracavernous pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) during electrostimulation of the cavernous nerve. After euthanasia, penises were again harvested for histology and Western blot. Main Outcome Measure The primary outcome measures included (a) gene expression at one week post-injection; (b) measurement of ICP/MAP upon cavernous nerve stimulation as a measure of erectile function; (c) elastin, collagen I and III protein expression; and (d) Histomorphometric analysis of the penis. Means where compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a Student-Newman-Keuls test for post hoc comparisons or Mann-Whitney test when applicable. Results No significant difference was noted in ICP or ICP/MAP in response to cavernous nerve electrostimulation between the 3 groups at 2.5, 5, and 7.5 V (P > .05 for all voltages). PD animals developed tunical and subtunical areas of fibrosis with a significant upregulation of collagen III protein. The collagen III/I ratio was higher in the PD (4.6 ± 0.92) group compared with sham (0.66 ± 0.18) and PD-hADSC (0.86 ± 0.06) groups (P < .05) These fibrotic changes were prevented when treated with hADSCs. Compared with PD rats, PD-hADSC rats demonstrated a decreased expression of several fibrosis-related genes. Conclusion Injection of hADSCs reduces collagen III expression in a rat model of chronic PD. Castiglione F, Hedlund P, Weyne E, et al. Intratunical Injection of Human Adipose Tissue–Derived Stem Cells Restores Collagen III/I Ratio in a Rat Model of Chronic Peyronie’s Disease. Sex Med 2019;7:94–103.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Castiglione
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology, Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; The Institute of Urology, University College of London Hospital, London, UK; Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Petter Hedlund
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Lund University, Sweden; Division of Drug Research, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden.
| | - Emanuel Weyne
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology, Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lukman Hakim
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology, Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Urology, Airlangga University/Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Trinity J Bivalacqua
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dirk De Ridder
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology, Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Uros Milenkovic
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology, Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David Ralph
- The Institute of Urology, University College of London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Giulio Garaffa
- The Institute of Urology, University College of London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Asif Muneer
- The Institute of Urology, University College of London Hospital, London, UK; Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Steven Joniau
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology, Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Albersen
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology, Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Ali HEA, Lung PY, Sholl AB, Gad SA, Bustamante JJ, Ali HI, Rhim JS, Deep G, Zhang J, Abd Elmageed ZY. Dysregulated gene expression predicts tumor aggressiveness in African-American prostate cancer patients. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16335. [PMID: 30397274 PMCID: PMC6218553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms underlying the health disparity of prostate cancer (PCa) have not been fully determined. In this study, we applied bioinformatic approach to identify and validate dysregulated genes associated with tumor aggressiveness in African American (AA) compared to Caucasian American (CA) men with PCa. We retrieved and analyzed microarray data from 619 PCa patients, 412 AA and 207 CA, and we validated these genes in tumor tissues and cell lines by Real-Time PCR, Western blot, immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses. We identified 362 differentially expressed genes in AA men and involved in regulating signaling pathways associated with tumor aggressiveness. In PCa tissues and cells, NKX3.1, APPL2, TPD52, LTC4S, ALDH1A3 and AMD1 transcripts were significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) compared to normal cells. IHC confirmed the overexpression of TPD52 (p = 0.0098) and LTC4S (p < 0.0005) in AA compared to CA men. ICC and Western blot analyses additionally corroborated this observation in PCa cells. These findings suggest that dysregulation of transcripts in PCa may drive the disparity of PCa outcomes and provide new insights into development of new therapeutic agents against aggressive tumors. More studies are warranted to investigate the clinical significance of these dysregulated genes in promoting the oncogenic pathways in AA men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy E A Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Kingsville, TX, USA.,Department of Radiobiological Applications, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Pei-Yau Lung
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Andrew B Sholl
- Departments of Pathology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Shaimaa A Gad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | - Juan J Bustamante
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | - Hamed I Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | - Johng S Rhim
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gagan Deep
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Zakaria Y Abd Elmageed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Kingsville, TX, USA.
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Milenkovic U, Albersen M, Castiglione F. The mechanisms and potential of stem cell therapy for penile fibrosis. Nat Rev Urol 2018; 16:79-97. [DOI: 10.1038/s41585-018-0109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Vakalopoulos I, Memmos D, Mykoniatis I, Toutziaris C, Dimitriadis G. Stem cell therapy in erectile dysfunction: science fiction or realistic treatment option? Hormones (Athens) 2018; 17:315-320. [PMID: 30132303 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-018-0050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has become a subject of great interest to researchers worldwide. One of the medical conditions being studied for possible treatment with the use of stem cells is erectile dysfunction, and particularly organic and post-radical prostatectomy erectile dysfunction. However, is stem cell therapy a viable treatment option for erectile dysfunction? The current body of literature provides a wide array of clinical trials performed on animal models simulating different types of human erectile dysfunction. Unfortunately, only a handful of studies have been performed on human patients and almost all of them were phase 1 studies limited by the small sample size. This review aims to summarize the available evidence on the use of stem cell therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and also to provide an overview of upcoming and ongoing clinical trials in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Vakalopoulos
- 1st Department of Urology, Georgios Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Memmos
- 1st Department of Urology, Georgios Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Mykoniatis
- 1st Department of Urology, Georgios Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chrysovalantis Toutziaris
- 1st Department of Urology, Georgios Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Dimitriadis
- 1st Department of Urology, Georgios Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Li J, Wang S, Qin F, Zhu M, You X, Wu C, Fu F, Yuan J. Reduction in Peyronie's-like plaque size using a vacuum erection device in a rat model of Peyronie's disease via the TGF-β/SMAD signalling pathway. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13051. [PMID: 29806152 DOI: 10.1111/and.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Li
- Andrology Laboratory; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
- Department of Urology; Institute of Urology; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Shuzhen Wang
- Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Vaccine; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Feng Qin
- Andrology Laboratory; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Mengli Zhu
- Andrology Laboratory; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Xuanhe You
- Andrology Laboratory; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Changjing Wu
- Andrology Laboratory; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Fudong Fu
- Andrology Laboratory; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Jiuhong Yuan
- Andrology Laboratory; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
- Department of Urology; Institute of Urology; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
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Wang H, Ding XG, Yang JJ, Li SW, Zheng H, Gu CH, Jia ZK, Li L. LncRNA MIAT facilitated BM-MSCs differentiation into endothelial cells and restored erectile dysfunction via targeting miR-200a in a rat model of erectile dysfunction. Eur J Cell Biol 2018; 97:180-189. [PMID: 29486902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) implantation effectively restored rats' erectile dysfunction (ED). Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA)-myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) has been reported to play an important role in regulating endothelial cells (ECs) function via vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that induced BM-MSCs differentiation into ECs. However, the molecular functions and biological roles of lncRNA MIAT in ED remained unclear. METHODS The rat model of ED was established. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were used to detect the expression of lncRNA MIAT, von Willebrand factor (vWF), vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and VEGF following BM-MSCs transfection. Erectile function was evaluated by intra-cavernous pressure/mean artery pressure (ICP/MAP). Furthermore, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and RNA pull down as well as luciferase reporter assay were carried out to examine the interaction among lncRNA MIAT, miR-200a and VEGF. RESULTS BM-MSCs restored ED by upregulating lncRNA MIAT. LncRNA MIAT was upregulated in a time-dependent manner during BM-MSCs differentiation into ECs. LncRNA MIAT regulated VEGF via targeting miR-200a, thereby promoting BM-MSCs differentiation into ECs. LncRNA MIAT knockdown in vivo abolished the effect of BM-MSCs on ED. CONCLUSION LncRNA MIAT promoted BM-MSCs differentiation into ECs and restored ED via miR-200a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China.
| | - Xie-Gang Ding
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Jin-Jian Yang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Shi-Wen Li
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Hang Zheng
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Chao-Hui Gu
- Department of Urology and Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Zhan-Kui Jia
- Department of Urology and Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Lu Li
- Health Science and Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Boao Yiheshanzhuang, Beijing 102209, PR China
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Li Y, Shan Z, Yang B, Yang D, Men C, Cui Y, Wu J. Cathelicidin LL37 Promotes Epithelial and Smooth-Muscle-Like Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells through the Wnt/β-Catenin and NF-κB Pathways. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 82:1336-1345. [PMID: 29223160 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917110116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ureter reconstruction is a difficult procedure in urology. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), along with multipotency and self-renewal capacity, are a preferred choice for tissue engineering-based ureteral reconstruction. We explored the synergic role of cathelicidin LL37 (LL37) in epithelial and smooth-muscle-like differentiation. ADSCs were separated from adipose tissues of mouse and characterized by flow cytometry. The ADSCs were then stably transfected with pGC-FU-GFP (pGC) or pGC containing full-length LL37 (pGC-LL37), respectively. Cell viability and apoptosis were respectively estimated in the stably transfected cells and non-transfected cells. Then, qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used for determinations of epithelial marker expressions after induction by all-trans retinoic acid as well as smooth-muscle-like marker expressions after induction by transforming growth factor-β1. Then, possibly involved signaling pathways and extracellular expression of LL37 were detected. Cell viability and apoptosis were not changed after LL37 overexpression. Expression levels of epithelial and smooth-muscle-like markers were significantly upregulated by LL37 overexpression. Moreover, expressions of key kinases involved in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as well as epithelial marker were upregulated by the LL37 overexpression, while it was reversed by Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor. Likewise, expressions of key kinases involved in the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway as well as smooth-muscle-like markers were upregulated by LL37 overexpression, which was reversed by NF-κB inhibitor. LL37 was found in the culture medium. LL37, which could be released into the medium, had no impact on cell proliferation and apoptosis of ADSCs. However, LL37 promoted epithelial and smooth-muscle-like differentiation through activating the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Li
- Department of Urology Surgery, Qingdao University, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, China.
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Tabatabaei Qomi R, Sheykhhasan M. Adipose-derived stromal cell in regenerative medicine: A review. World J Stem Cells 2017; 9:107-117. [PMID: 28928907 PMCID: PMC5583529 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v9.i8.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of appropriate cell origin for utilizing in regenerative medicine is the major issue. Various kinds of stem cells have been used for the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Such as, several stromal cells have been employed as treat option for regenerative medicine. For example, human bone marrow-derived stromal cells and adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) are used in cell-based therapy. Data relating to the stem cell therapy and processes associated with ADSC has developed remarkably in the past 10 years. As medical options, both the stromal vascular and ADSC suggests good opportunity as marvelous cell-based therapeutics. The some biological features are the main factors that impact the regenerative activity of ADSCs, including the modulation of the cellular immune system properties and secretion of bioactive proteins such as cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, as well as their intrinsic anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory potential. A variety of diseases have been treated by ADSCs, and it is not surprising that there has been great interest in the possibility that ADSCs might be used as therapeutic strategy to improve a wider range of diseases. This is especially important when it is remembered that routine therapeutic methods are not completely effective in treat of diseases. Here, it was discuss about applications of ADSC to colitis, liver failure, diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, orthopaedic disorders, hair loss, fertility problems, and salivary gland damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Tabatabaei Qomi
- Department of Stem Cell, the Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, PO Box QOM-3713189934, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sheykhhasan
- Department of Stem Cell, the Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, PO Box QOM-3713189934, Qom, Iran
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Wu XJ, Shen WH, He P, Zhou XZ, Zhi Y, Dai Q, Chen ZW, Zhou ZS. Telomerase reverse transcriptase genetically modified adipose tissue derived stem cells improves erectile dysfunction by inhibiting oxidative stress and enhancing proliferation in rat model. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:595-605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Hou QL, Ge MY, Zhang CD, Tian DD, Wang LK, Tian HZ, Wang WH, Zhang WD. Adipose tissue-derived stem cell therapy for erectile dysfunction in rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2017; 49:1127-1137. [PMID: 28417342 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-017-1590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to systematically assess the effect of adipose tissue-derived stem cell (ADSC) therapy and its influential factors on the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in rats. METHODS Two authors independently searched for published studies through PubMed and EMBASE from study inception until August 31, 2016. A meta-analysis was used to combine the effect estimate from the published studies. A subgroup analysis was performed to identify the effect of some influential factors. The pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by a fixed-effects or random-effects model analysis. RESULTS Twenty studies with a total of 248 rats were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis showed that ADSC therapy significantly increased the ratio of intracavernous pressure and mean arterial pressure (ICP/MAP; SMD 3.46, 95% CI 2.85-4.06; P < 0.001) compared to control therapy. The levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS; SMD 6.37, 95% CI 4.35-8.39; P < 0.001), the cavernous smooth muscle content (CSMC; SMD 3.65, 95% CI 2.65-4.65; P < 0.001), the ratio of cavernous smooth muscle and collagen (CSM/collagen; SMD 4.16, 95% CI 2.59-5.72; P < 0.001), and the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP; SMD 7.12, 95% CI 2.76-11.48; P = 0.001) were higher following ADSC therapy than following control therapy. Subgroup analysis showed that ADSCs modified by growth or neurotrophic factors significantly recovered erectile function (P < 0.001) compared with ADSC therapy. CONCLUSION The adequate data indicated that ADSC therapy recovered erectile function and regenerated cavernous structures in ED rats, and ADSCs modified by some growth and neurotrophic factors accelerated the recovery of erectile function and cavernous structures in ED rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Liang Hou
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Meng-Ying Ge
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Cheng-da Zhang
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Dan-Dan Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Lian-Ke Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Hui-Zi Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wen-Hua Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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Wang X, Liu C, Xu Y, Chen P, Shen Y, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Chen W, Zhang X, Ouyang Y, Wang Y, Xie C, Zhou M, Liu C. Combination of mesenchymal stem cell injection with icariin for the treatment of diabetes-associated erectile dysfunction. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174145. [PMID: 28350842 PMCID: PMC5369760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to examine whether icariin, a traditional Chinese medicine, could improve therapeutic effects of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) for diabetes-associated erectile dysfunction (DMED). DMED were induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and confirmed by erectile function measurement. Then, rats of diabetic ED were randomly divided to receive the treatment of saline, ADSCs, icariin or ADSCs combined with icariin respectively. Compared with the treatment by ADSCs or icariin alone, intracavernosum injection of ADSCs combined with the following daily gastric gavage of icariin significantly augmented the value of ICP and ICP/MAP (p<0.01). Meanwhile, the survival of transplanted ADSCs was much improved due to the application of icariin. Similarly, immunofluorescent staining analysis demonstrated that the improved erectile tissue structure by combination of ADSCs and icariin was significantly associated with the increased expression of endothelial markers (vWF) (p<0.01) and smooth muscle markers (α-SMA) (p<0.01). Furthermore, the structure changes in corpus cavernosum were further confirmed by the Masson’s trichrome staining. To explore the possible mechanism underlying icariin-enhanced therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, we employed an in vitro testing system by introducing H2O2 to imitate oxidative stress condition considering the oxidative environment faced by engrafted ADSCs and anti-oxidative capacity of icariin.In vitro, we found that the addition of icariin considerably reduced the apoptosis of ADSCs, and attenuated the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the superoxidase dismutase (SOD) activity and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Subsequently, we examined the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and explored the potential signaling pathway through which icariin promoted the survival of ADSCs against oxidative stress. It was demonstrated that icariin significantly inhibited the upregulation of apoptosis-related proteins under oxidative condition, including Bax and cleaved caspase-3, while promoted the expression of anti-apoptotic factor BCL2. These effects were accompanied with the activation of signal molecules, PI3K/Akt and STAT3. The further signal protein inhibition assays exhibited that the suppression of STAT3 abrogated the icariin-mediated anti-apoptotic effects observed above, while did not influence the expression of PI3K/Akt. However, PI3K inhibition could abrogate icariin–mediated STAT3 activation and achieved a similar effect as STAT3 inhibition. Our results suggested that icariin was an effective adjuvant for enhancing ADSC-based therapy of DMEM, which may be ascribed to their protection of ADSCs against oxidative stress via the regulation of PI3K/Akt-STAT3 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyou Wang
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanhai Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Artillery General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Urology, PLA General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Shen
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yansheng Xu
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubo Zhao
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihao Chen
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Ouyang
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Changliang Xie
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Maojun Zhou
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuilong Liu
- Department of Urology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Hai dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Like other fibrotic diseases, the cause of Peyronie's disease (PD) is still obscure. Since there is now increasing evidence for the role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as potential treatment to fibrosis, it is crucial to determine their possible efficacy in the treatment of PD. Areas covered: In this review, the authors summarize the emerging data and published studies regarding the use of SCs for the treatment of PD. The authors provide particular focus on the three-first experimental studies for the use of SCs in rat models as well as the sole two studies undertaken in humans. Expert opinion: It seems evident in experimental settings that SCs in general (Adipose Derived SCs in particular) provide a feasible, safe and effective therapy for PD. The potential limits of the rat models used initially have been somewhat overcome with the inception of studies in men. However, further prospective studies are needed in humans to further elucidate the therapeutic potential of stem cell therapy in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Dellis
- a University Department of Urology , Sismanoglio General Hospital , Athens , Greece
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Stem Cells in Male Sexual Dysfunction: Are We Getting Somewhere? Sex Med Rev 2016; 5:222-235. [PMID: 28041853 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stem cells for sexual disorders are steadily being introduced into clinical trials. Two conditions of importance are the main target for this line of treatment, especially when regarding the wide array of translational and basic science highlighting the potential advantages of regenerative therapy: erectile dysfunction (ED) and more recently Peyronie disease (PD). Cellular therapy offers a treatment modality that might reverse disease progression. It would be used in a curative setting, in contrast to other pharmaceutical agents that are currently available. AIM To review basic preclinical studies and recent clinical trials of stem cells on ED and PD. METHODS A search of the medical literature for the following terms was performed using PubMed: stem cells, cellular therapy, erectile dysfunction, Peyronie's disease, and clinical trial. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A non-systematic narrative review and critical reflection on preclinical and clinical studies administering stem cells for ED and PD in animal models and human subjects. RESULTS Numerous studies have confirmed the beneficial functional effects of stem cell injection in established animal models on ED and PD. Various stem cell types have been adopted, from embryonic to adult mesenchymal cell types. Each cell type offers distinctive advantages and disadvantages. Diverse administrations of stem cells were investigated, with insignificant variability in the ultimate results. Stem cells appear to have a pronounced paracrine effect, rather than the classic engraftment and differentiation hypothesis. Phase 1 clinical trials using stem cells have not reported any severe adverse events in animals. However, these results cannot be extrapolated to draw any conclusions about efficacy in human patients. CONCLUSION Stem cells have an established efficacy in preclinical studies and early clinical trials. Studies are currently being published demonstrating the safety of intrapenile injection of autologous bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived stem cells. Soebadi MA, Milenkovic U, Weyne E, et al. Stem Cells in Male Sexual Dysfunction: Are We Getting Somewhere? Sex Med Rev 2017;5:222-235.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize recent literature on basic stem cell research in erectile dysfunction in cavernous nerve injury, aging, diabetes, and Peyronie's disease and to provide a perspective on clinical translation of these cellular therapies. RECENT FINDINGS Stem cell research has been concentrated on mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells from bone marrow and adipose tissue. Application of both cell types has produced positive effects on erectile function in various animal models of erectile dysfunction. In acute animal models, such as cavernous nerve injury-induced erectile dysfunction and chemically induced Peyronie's disease, engraftment and differentiation have not been observed, and stem cells are believed to interact with the host tissue in a paracrine fashion, whereas in chronic disease models some evidence suggests both engraftment and paracrine factors may support improved function. Clinical trials are now investigating therapeutic efficacy of cellular therapy, whereas the first safety studies in humans have recently been published. SUMMARY Evidence from preclinical studies has established stem cells as a potential curative treatment for erectile dysfunction and early phase clinical trials are currently performed.
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