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Turkey M, Nazeam JA. Chromatographic fingerprinting and antibiofilm effect of Ziziphus jujuba fraction on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. AMB Express 2025; 15:79. [PMID: 40397053 PMCID: PMC12095717 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-025-01886-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2025] [Indexed: 05/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa represents a critical global health threat, particularly affecting immunocompromised individuals, as well as patients with wounds and burn injuries. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa strains has significantly reduced the efficacy of conventional antimicrobial therapies, underscoring the urgent need for new, effective therapeutic alternatives. Plant-derived secondary metabolites have emerged as promising candidates due to their diverse bioactivities and favorable safety profiles. This study investigated the antimicrobial and anti-virulence potential of purified aqueous fractions of Ziziphus jujuba (ZJ) seeds against MDR P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. LC-ESI-MS/MS-MRM fingerprinting identified 33 compounds, including five predominant phenolics: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid. One hundred clinical isolates were evaluated for antibiotic sensitivity and biofilm-forming ability. The ZJ fraction exhibited potent antibacterial activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.56 mg/ml and significantly inhibited biofilm formation by approximately 70%. Additionally, quantitative real-time PCR showed a marked downregulation the key quorum-sensing genes lasI (45%), rhlI (42%), and rhlR (34%) (p ≤ 0.05). These findings reveal, for the first time, that the aqueous fraction of Z. jujuba seeds not only inhibits bacterial proliferation, but also attenuates biofilm formation and virulence gene expression in MDR-P. aeruginosa. These results highlight the potential of ZJ fraction as a promising plant-based antimicrobial agent. Further in vivo investigations and mechanistic studies are warranted to validate its clinical applicability and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Turkey
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Six of October City, 12585, Egypt.
| | - Jilan A Nazeam
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Six of October City, 12585, Egypt
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Viola CM, Danilovich ME, Torres-Carro R, Moreira MM, Rodrigues F, Cartagena E, Alberto MR, Blázquez MA, Arena ME. Phenolic-Rich Wine Pomace Extracts as Antioxidant and Antipathogenic Agents Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibiotics (Basel) 2025; 14:384. [PMID: 40298557 PMCID: PMC12024094 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics14040384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2025] [Revised: 03/28/2025] [Accepted: 04/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Wine pomace is a rich source of bioactive phenolic compounds with potential health benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the antipathogenic and antioxidant properties of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts from wine pomace of three grape varietals (Tannat, Bonarda, and Malbec) to explore their potential as natural alternatives for mitigating bacterial virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: Successive exhaustion extractions were performed using solvents of increasing polarity (ethyl acetate and ethanol). The phenolic content was quantified, and the antioxidant activity was evaluated using standard assays. The antipathogenic activity against P. aeruginosa was assessed by measuring biofilm formation, elastase and protease activity, pyocyanin production, and swarming motility. Quorum sensing (QS) inhibition was tested using a violacein production assay in Chromobacterium violaceum. Results: Ethanol was more effective at extracting phenolic compounds, with Tannat exhibiting the highest total phenolic content (162.5 µg GAE/mg). HPLC-DAD analysis identified 16 phenolic acids, 18 flavonoids, and 3 stilbenes across the extracts. The ethanol extracts showed strong antioxidant activity (phosphomolybdenum reducing capacity 67-128 μg AAE/mg, ABTS•+ scavenging 37-71 µg/mL, Fe3+ reducing power 31-68 µg/mL) and inhibited biofilm formation (up to 61%), elastase (up to 41%), and protease (up to 46%) activities in P. aeruginosa. The extracts also reduced pyocyanin production (up to 78%) and swarming motility (up to 68%), suggesting interference with QS. Moreover, the extracts inhibited violacein production in C. violaceum, confirming QS inhibition (up to 26%). Conclusions: Among the extracts, ethanol-extracted Tannat pomace showed the most substantial antipathogenic and antioxidant activities. The results add value to wine pomace by suggesting its use as natural extracts rich in phenolic compounds, capable of controlling the bacterial virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa without promoting the development of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina María Viola
- Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria (INBIOFAL) CONICET–UNT, Avenida N Kirchner 1900, San Miguel de Tucumán CP 4000, Tucumán, Argentina; (C.M.V.); (M.E.D.); (R.T.-C.); (E.C.)
| | - Mariana Elizabeth Danilovich
- Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria (INBIOFAL) CONICET–UNT, Avenida N Kirchner 1900, San Miguel de Tucumán CP 4000, Tucumán, Argentina; (C.M.V.); (M.E.D.); (R.T.-C.); (E.C.)
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucumán CP 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Romina Torres-Carro
- Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria (INBIOFAL) CONICET–UNT, Avenida N Kirchner 1900, San Miguel de Tucumán CP 4000, Tucumán, Argentina; (C.M.V.); (M.E.D.); (R.T.-C.); (E.C.)
| | - Manuela M. Moreira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Elena Cartagena
- Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria (INBIOFAL) CONICET–UNT, Avenida N Kirchner 1900, San Miguel de Tucumán CP 4000, Tucumán, Argentina; (C.M.V.); (M.E.D.); (R.T.-C.); (E.C.)
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucumán CP 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Rosa Alberto
- Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria (INBIOFAL) CONICET–UNT, Avenida N Kirchner 1900, San Miguel de Tucumán CP 4000, Tucumán, Argentina; (C.M.V.); (M.E.D.); (R.T.-C.); (E.C.)
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucumán CP 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Amparo Blázquez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de València, Avd. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario Eduardo Arena
- Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria (INBIOFAL) CONICET–UNT, Avenida N Kirchner 1900, San Miguel de Tucumán CP 4000, Tucumán, Argentina; (C.M.V.); (M.E.D.); (R.T.-C.); (E.C.)
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucumán CP 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
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3
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Helcman M, Šmejkal K, Čulenová M, Béres T, Treml J. Natural Phenolics Disrupt Microbial Communication by Inhibiting Quorum Sensing. Microorganisms 2025; 13:287. [PMID: 40005654 PMCID: PMC11857621 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2025] [Revised: 01/23/2025] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing, a bacterial cell-to-cell communication mechanism, plays a key role in bacterial virulence and biofilm formation. Targeting quorum-sensing pathways represents a promising strategy for the development of novel antibacterial agents. This study evaluated the anti-quorum-sensing activities of 18 natural compounds, including cannabinoids, arylbenzofurans, flavonoids, caffeine, and chlorogenic acid, using the luminescent biosensor strain Vibrio harveyi MM30. V. harveyi MM30, a mutant strain deficient in the production of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) but responsive to exogenous AI-2, was used to assess the activity of test compounds on the AI-2 receptor pathway. Test compounds were incubated in AI-2-containing media, and luminescence was measured to evaluate quorum-sensing inhibition. Comparisons were made in the absence of AI-2 to determine AI-2-independent inhibitory activity. The most active compounds were further tested on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA 7112) to determine their effects on AI-2 production in spent media. Among the tested compounds, the non-prenylated arylbenzofuran moracin M and the prenylated arylbenzofuran moracin C exhibited significant quorum-sensing inhibitory activity in the AI-2-mediated pathway. None of the test compounds significantly inhibited quorum sensing in the absence of AI-2. Five compounds (cannabigerol, cannabidiol, cannabigerolic acid, moracin M, and moracin C) were selected for further investigation in MRSA 7112 cultures. The spent media from MRSA 7112 cultures treated with moracin M (16, 32, 64 µg/mL) and cannabigerolic acid (16 µg/mL) showed significant inhibition of AI-2 production when transferred to V. harveyi MM30 cultures. Moracin M and cannabigerolic acid demonstrated potential as quorum-sensing inhibitors by targeting AI-2 production and signalling pathways in MRSA 7112 and V. harveyi. These findings suggest their potential for further development as antibacterial agents targeting quorum-sensing mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Helcman
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (K.Š.); (M.Č.)
| | - Karel Šmejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (K.Š.); (M.Č.)
| | - Marie Čulenová
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (K.Š.); (M.Č.)
| | - Tibor Béres
- Faculty of Sciences, Palacký University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Jakub Treml
- Department of Molecular Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Yu X, Li Y, Yang X, He J, Tang W, Chai Y, Duan Z, Li W, Zhao D, Wang X, Huang A, Li H, Shi Y. Chlorogenic Acid: A Promising Strategy for Milk Preservation by Inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus Growth and Biofilm Formation. Foods 2024; 13:4104. [PMID: 39767046 PMCID: PMC11675857 DOI: 10.3390/foods13244104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2024] [Revised: 12/07/2024] [Accepted: 12/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyhydroxy phenolic acid, has been extensively studied for its antimicrobial properties. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) threatens food safety by forming biofilms. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of CGA against S. aureus and its biofilm. The anti-bacterial activity of CGA was assessed using crystal violet staining, TEM, SEM, a CLSM, and using metabolomics and molecular docking to elucidate the mechanism. The results indicated that the minimum inhibitory concentration of CGA against S. aureus was 2.5 mg/mL. CGA disrupts the integrity of bacterial cell membranes, leading to increased hydrophobicity, morphological changes, scattering, and reduced spreading. This disruption decreases biofilm adhesion and bacterial count. Metabolomics and molecular docking analyses revealed that CGA down-regulates key amino acids. It forms hydrogen bonds with penicillin-binding protein 4 (PBP4), Amidase, glutamate synthetase B, and glutamate synthetase A. By inhibiting amino acid metabolism, CGA prevents biofilm formation. CGA interacts with amino acids such as aspartic acid, glutamine, and glutamate through hydroxyl (-OH) and carbonyl (-C=O) groups. This interaction reduces cell viability and biofilm cohesion. The novel findings of this study, particularly the extension of the shelf life of pasteurized milk by inhibiting S. aureus growth, highlight the potential of CGA as a promising anti-biofilm strategy and preservative in the dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yu
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
| | - Yufang Li
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
| | - Xue Yang
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
| | - Jinze He
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
| | - Wenhuan Tang
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
| | - Yunmei Chai
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
| | - Zuyan Duan
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
| | - Wenjie Li
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
| | - Aixiang Huang
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
| | - Hong Li
- Yunnan College of Modern Coffee Industry, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yanan Shi
- College of Food Science &Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (J.H.); (W.T.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.H.)
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5
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Mitra A. Combatting biofilm-mediated infections in clinical settings by targeting quorum sensing. Cell Surf 2024; 12:100133. [PMID: 39634722 PMCID: PMC11615143 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2024] [Revised: 11/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-associated infections constitute a significant challenge in managing infectious diseases due to their high resistance to antibiotics and host immune responses. Biofilms are responsible for various infections, including urinary tract infections, cystic fibrosis, dental plaque, bone infections, and chronic wounds. Quorum sensing (QS) is a process of cell-to-cell communication that bacteria use to coordinate gene expression in response to cell density, which is crucial for biofilm formation and maintenance.. Its disruption has been proposed as a potential strategy to prevent or treat biofilm-associated infections leading to improved treatment outcomes for infectious diseases. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature on QS-mediated disruption of biofilms for treating infectious diseases. It will discuss the mechanisms of QS disruption and the various approaches that have been developed to disrupt QS in reference to multiple clinical pathogens. In particular, numerous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of QS disruption in reducing biofilm formation in various pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Finally, the review will discuss the challenges and future directions for developing QS disruption as a clinical therapy for biofilm-associated infections. This includes the development of effective delivery systems and the identification of suitable targets for QS disruption. Overall, the literature suggests that QS disruption is a promising alternative to traditional antibiotic treatment for biofilm-associated infections and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Mitra
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Lu L, Wang J, Wang C, Zhu J, Wang H, Liao L, Zhao Y, Wang X, Yang C, He Z, Li M. Plant-derived virulence arresting drugs as novel antimicrobial agents: Discovery, perspective, and challenges in clinical use. Phytother Res 2024; 38:727-754. [PMID: 38014754 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emerges as a severe crisis to public health and requires global action. The occurrence of bacterial pathogens with multi-drug resistance appeals to exploring alternative therapeutic strategies. Antivirulence treatment has been a positive substitute in seeking to circumvent AMR, which aims to target virulence factors directly to combat bacterial infections. Accumulated evidence suggests that plant-derived natural products, which have been utilized to treat infectious diseases for centuries, can be abundant sources for screening potential virulence-arresting drugs (VADs) to develop advanced therapeutics for infectious diseases. This review sums up some virulence factors and their actions in various species of bacteria, as well as recent advances pertaining to plant-derived natural products as VAD candidates. Furthermore, we also discuss natural VAD-related clinical trials and patents, the perspective of VAD-based advanced therapeutics for infectious diseases and critical challenges hampering clinical use of VADs, and genomics-guided identification for VAD therapeutic. These newly discovered natural VADs will be encouraging and optimistic candidates that may sustainably combat AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jingya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Chongrui Wang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Hongping Wang
- Safety Evaluation Center, Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Li Liao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Langzhong People's Hospital, Langzhong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyou He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Wang L, Cao X, Pei H, Liu P, Song Y, Wu Y. Anti-Biofilm Activity of Chlorogenic Acid against Pseudomonas Using Quorum Sensing System. Foods 2023; 12:3601. [PMID: 37835254 PMCID: PMC10572673 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid is a secondary metabolite produced by many traditional Chinese medicines. Its physiological activities (antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities, etc.) have been well described. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chlorogenic acid on the biofilm of drinking water bacteria. The effects of chlorogenic acid on the metabolites of the biofilms were also evaluated. Chlorogenic acid was found to have an anti-biofilm effect against Pseudomonas, resulting in biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner (0.53-25.4 mM CGA). Moreover, the biofilm structure was visibly attenuated. Furthermore, we identified and characterized 23 differential metabolites and associated two metabolic pathways involving beta-alanine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism that were altered mostly during biofilm formation. A quantitative real-time PCR assay revealed that chlorogenic acid interfered with the signaling molecule synthesis and transcription regulators using the Las, Pqs and Rhl systems. These findings suggest that chlorogenic acid can be a quorum sensing (QS) inhibitor and inhibit biofilm formation. It may be a promising natural product for the prevention of contaminated drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.W.); (P.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xueli Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.W.); (P.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hairun Pei
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.W.); (P.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ya Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.W.); (P.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yulun Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.W.); (P.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100037, China
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8
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Xu M, Yao Z, Zhang X, Sun Y, Zhou T, Shen M. Effects of chlorogenic acid on antimicrobial, antivirulence, and anti-quorum sensing of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:997310. [PMID: 36583040 PMCID: PMC9793747 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.997310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise in infections caused by the hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (hv-CRKP) is an emergent threat to public health. We assessed the effects of chlorogenic acid (CA), a natural phenolic compound, on antibacterial, antivirulence, and anti-quorum sensing (QS) of hv-CRKP. Five hv-CRKP were selected for antimicrobial susceptibility test and confirmed to carry virulence genes and carbapenem-resistant genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Subsequently, a series of time-kill assay, determinations of protease activity and capsule content, biofilm-related experiment, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation, G. mellonella infection model, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) of QS-related genes and biofilm formation genes, as well as AI-2 binding test were conduct to verify the effect of CA on hv-CRKP. Five CRKP strains showed varying degrees of resistance to antibacterial agents. All strains carried the bla KPC-2 gene, primarily carrying rmpA2, iucA, and peg-344. CA showed no effect on CRKP growth at the 1/2 minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), 1/4 MIC, and 1/8 MIC, CA could reduce the production of extracellular protease and capsular polysaccharides, and improve the survival rate of larvae in Galleria mellonella (G. mellonella) infection model. By means of crystal violet staining and scanning electron microscopy experiments, we observed that CA can inhibit the formation of CRKP biofilm. On the quantitative real-time PCR analysis, the expression of the luxS, mrkA and wbbm genes in most CRKP strains appeared downregulated because of the CA treatment. Besides, CA significantly inhibited the effect of AI-2 activity of BB170. Our study suggests that CA can be an effective antimicrobial, antivirulent compound that can target QS in hv-CRKP infections, thus providing a new therapeutic direction for treating bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbo Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Medical Lab Science, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengxin Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuocheng Yao
- Department of Medical Lab Science, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tieli Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Tieli Zhou,
| | - Mo Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Mo Shen,
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Panayi T, Sarigiannis Y, Mourelatou E, Hapeshis E, Papaneophytou C. Anti-Quorum-Sensing Potential of Ethanolic Extracts of Aromatic Plants from the Flora of Cyprus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11192632. [PMID: 36235498 PMCID: PMC9572961 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a form of intra- and inter-species communication system employed by bacteria to regulate their collective behavior in a cell population-dependent manner. QS has been implicated in the virulence of several pathogenic bacteria. This work aimed to investigate the anti-QS potential of ethanolic extracts of eight aromatic plants of Cyprus, namely, Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis, Lavendula spp., Calendula officinalis, Melissa officinalis, Sideritis cypria, and Aloysia citriodora. We initially assessed the effects of the extracts on autoinducer 2 (AI-2) signaling activity, using Vibrio harveyi BB170 as a reported strain. We subsequently assessed the effect of the ethanolic extracts on QS-related processes, including biofilm formation and the swarming and swimming motilities of Escherichia coli MG1655. Of the tested ethanolic extracts, those of Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Salvia officinalis were the most potent AI-2 signaling inhibitors, while the extracts from the other plants exhibited low to moderate inhibitory activity. These three ethanolic extracts also inhibited the biofilm formation (>60%) of E. coli MG1655, as well as its swimming and swarming motilities, in a concentration-dependent manner. These extracts may be considered true anti-QS inhibitors because they disrupt QS-related activities of E. coli MG1655 without affecting bacterial growth. The results suggest that plants from the unexplored flora of Cyprus could serve as a source for identifying novel anti-QS inhibitors to treat infectious diseases caused by pathogens that are resistant to antibiotics.
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Li W, Deng X, Wu Z, Zhang L, Jiao J. An Electrochemical Sensor for Quantitation of the Oral Health Care Agent Chlorogenic Acid Based on Bimetallic Nanowires with Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrids. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:4614-4623. [PMID: 35155952 PMCID: PMC8829851 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a phenolic acid from coffee, has been regarded as a powerful ingredient against oxidative stress and inflammation. Meanwhile, its healing feature to interfere with periodontal disease (PD) makes it a promising drug candidate. However, the existing methods for chlorogenic acid detection limit its practical application in purification and further pharmacological study in stomatology due to their lack of accuracy and productivity. Therefore, it is crucial to find a forceful approach to precisely evaluate CGA for an in-depth anti-PD study. In this work, we reported a facile and controllable synthesis of Pt@Pd nanowires (NWs) in a non-compacted core-shell structure with high electrocatalytic activity. In addition, polyethylenimine (PEI)-capped reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanoflakes provided large binding sites for a network structure composed of interweaved Pt@Pd nanowires and protected hemin from self-destruction, which empowered Pt@Pd NWs-Hemin-PEI-rGO nanohybrids to own a large electroactive surface area and great electrochemical property for CGA detection. The enzyme-free electrochemical sensor based on Pt@Pd NWs-Hemin-PEI-rGO displayed a favorable capacity for trace CGA detection with a detection limit of 7.8 nM and a wide linear range of 0.5 μM to 4 mM. The exceptional sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor made it accomplish the measurements of chlorogenic acid in soft drinks and coffee with high consistency of HPLC results. The satisfactory performance of the obtained sensor enables it to be used for quality control and study of drug metabolism in PD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department
of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University
General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xiuli Deng
- Department
of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University
General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Tianjin
Beichen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Tianjin 300400, China
| | - Ziyu Wu
- Tianjin
Beichen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Tianjin 300400, China
| | - Louqiang Zhang
- Department
of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University
General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jian Jiao
- Department
of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University
General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- School
of Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin
Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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