Sasaki K, Kantarjian H, Montalban-Bravo G, Hammond D, Jabbour E, Kanagal-Shamanna R, Chien K, Garcia-Manero G. Eosinophilia During Lenalidomide Therapy in Myelodysplastic Syndrome.
CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2024:S2152-2650(24)00169-1. [PMID:
38777652 DOI:
10.1016/j.clml.2024.04.007]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory therapy used to treat multiple hematologic malignancies. The incidence of eosinophilia and hypereosinophilia during lenalidomide therapy, and the requirement for high-dose steroids are not well-defined PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 44 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes who were treated with lenalidomide therapy from August 2006 and March 2023.
RESULTS
Eosinophilia (0.5-1.5 × 109/L) and hypereosinophilia (>1.5 × 109/L) were observed in 6 patients (14%) and 4 patients (9%), respectively. The median duration of lenalidomide therapy was 6.5 months. Backward multivariate ordinary logistic regression identified higher absolute eosinophil count (OR, 4759.986; 95% CI, 11.223-2018772.073; P = .006) and longer duration of lenalidomide therapy (OR, 1.148; 95% CI, 1.012-1.302; P = .032) as independent prognostic factors for the incidence of eosinophilia and hypereosinophilia. There was a trend for a higher use of high-dose steroids with hypereosinophilia. The median time to develop the first occurrence hypereosinophilia was 0.5 months. Steroids were used in 40% of patients with eosinophilia or hypereosinophilia. All events resolved with discontinuation of lenalidomide and/or use of steroids. No long-tern lasting adverse effects were recorded.
CONCLUSION
Lenalidomide may induce or worsen existing eosinophilia which may lead to the need for steroids within a month of therapy.
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