Lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantilis accompanied by idiopathic encephalopathy

Centrifugal lipodystrophy on a spectrum with lupus erythematosus panniculitis in children and efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine: A clinicopathological study

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between centrifugal lipodystrophy (CLD) and lupus erythematosus panniculitis (LEP), and the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for treating CLD in children. A total of 29 cases clinically diagnosed as CLD (n=24) and CLD/LEP overlap (n=5) were enrolled and all were confirmed by skin biopsies of CLD and LEP. The clinicopathological findings, clinical outcomes and prognosis with the treatment of HCQ between CLD and LEP were compared. All 29 cases (male: female=1:1.6; median age at onset: 3 years) had cutaneous lesions of centrifugally expanding lipoatrophy, of which five cases overlapped with LEP lesions presented as erythematous indurated plaque (n=2), subcutaneous nodules (n=2) and alopecia along Blaschko's lines (n=1). Antinuclear antibodies were found in six (25.0%) CLD and two (40.0%) overlapped patients (P=.597). Histopathologically, of the 24 cases of CLD, 14 (58.5%) exhibited subcutis loss or mild lobular inflammation. Ten (41.7%) cases displayed lobular panniculitis with moderate to dense lymphohistiocytic infiltrate and plasma cells, similar to the five cases of overlap. Small clusters of CD123 positive plasmacytoid dendritic cells were found in 62.5% (5/8) of CLD and 66.7% (2/3) of overlap cases (P>.99). HCQ (5 mg/kg/d) treatment showed improvement in 91.3% (21/23) of CLD and all overlap cases, including 4 cases unresponsive to previous oral glucocorticosteroid treatment. Our findings suggested that CLD and LEP represent a spectrum within the same disease. HCQ (5 mg/kg/d) was effective and safe for treating CLD (age>1.5 years), and early treatment and a regular long-term follow-up are essential. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

A Two-year-old Boy with a Depressed Area in the Groin: A Quiz

Abstract is missing (Quiz)

Skin diseases in Asian individuals that you do not want to miss: A selection of unique or relatively more common conditions in Asian populations

The Asian population currently constitutes a simple majority of the global population, comprising nearly 60%. The percentage of the US population that identifies as Asian is expected to grow to 41 million by the year 2050, making up an eventual 9% of the US population. As the world and US populations of Asian individuals increase, the demand for dermatologic care from this population will increase, requiring dermatologists to become more familiar with the diagnosis and treatment of Asian-specific skin characteristics and diseases. In this contribution, we review skin conditions specific to or relatively more common in Asian patients to help recognition and management of diseases in an increasing Asian patient population. We discuss prurigo pigmentosa, primary cutaneous plasmacytosis, lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantilis, Epstein-Barr viru-positive T- and natural killer-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules, and Behҫet disease.