1
|
Shin DW. The physiological and pharmacological roles of prostaglandins in hair growth. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 26:405-413. [PMID: 36302616 PMCID: PMC9614392 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.6.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hair loss is a common status found among people of all ages. Since the role of hair is much more related to culture and individual identity, hair loss can have a great influence on well-being and quality of life. It is a disorder that is observed in only scalp patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) or alopecia areata caused by stress or immune response abnormalities. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapeutic medicines such as finasteride, and minoxidil improve hair loss temporarily, but when they stop, they have a limitation in that hair loss occurs again. As an alternative strategy for improving hair growth, many studies reported that there is a relationship between the expression levels of prostaglandins (PGs) and hair growth. Four major PGs such as prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α) are spatiotemporally expressed in hair follicles and are implicated in hair loss. This review investigated the physiological roles and pharmacological interventions of the PGs in the pathogenesis of hair loss and provided these novel insights for clinical therapeutics for patients suffering from alopecia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Shin
- College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea,Correspondence Dong Wook Shin, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
English R, Ruiz S. Conflicting Reports Regarding the Histopathological Features of Androgenic Alopecia: Are Biopsy Location, Hair Diameter Diversity, and Relative Hair Follicle Miniaturization Partly to Blame? Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:357-365. [PMID: 33854354 PMCID: PMC8039045 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s306157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of study, debate persists over the role of inflammation, fibrosis, and prostaglandins in the histopathology of androgenic alopecia (AGA). This brief review proposes that inconsistent findings across histological studies are a consequence of three inadequately controlled variables: 1) biopsy location, 2) hair diameter diversity (HDD), and 3) relative hair follicle miniaturization (HFM) within and across subjects. We suggest new methodological considerations to improve AGA histopathological research, as well as a novel classification system to quantify HFM by its stages. Finally, we hypothesize a dynamic relationship between inflammation, fibrosis, and prostaglandin activity dependent on relative HFM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophia Ruiz
- Perfect Hair Health, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kutlu Ö, Metin A. Systemic dexpanthenol as a novel treatment for female pattern hair loss. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:1325-1330. [PMID: 32960484 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are only a few drugs that have been used for the treatment of female pattern hair loss (FPHL). AIMS Through use of the Dermatologic Life Quality Index (DLQI) and a modified hair growth questionnaire, we aimed to evaluate the effect of dexpanthenol (DXP) as a new option for FPHL. METHODS Women who received 500 mg intramuscular DXP weekly for FPHL were included in this study. They were evaluated in terms of DLQI and laboratory characteristics, before and after DXP treatment, and were examined with a modified hair growth questionnaire. RESULTS Overall satisfaction with the appearance of the hair was described by the patients as 57.1% " I am satisfied," 28.6% "I am very satisfied," and 14.3% "I am neutral (neither satisfied nor dissatisfied)." There was a statistical difference between the mean DLQI scores before and after DXP treatment (P < .001). No statistical difference was found in the laboratory characteristics of the patients before and after DXP treatment (P > 0.05). No side effect was reported during DXP treatment. CONCLUSION Dexpanthenol is a safe and novel drug that may increase the quality of life in patients with FPHL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Kutlu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Uşak University, Uşak, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Metin
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology I School of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu S, Huang D, Su X, Yan H, Ma A, Li L, Wu J, Sun Z. The prostaglandin synthases, COX-2 and L-PGDS, mediate prostate hyperplasia induced by low-dose bisphenol A. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13108. [PMID: 32753632 PMCID: PMC7403327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify prostaglandin synthases (PGS) that mediate bisphenol A (BPA)-induced prostatic hyperplasia and explore their underlying mechanisms. In an in vivo study, male adult Sprague–Dawley rats were treated with different concentrations of BPA (10, 30, 90, or 270 μg/kg, i.g., daily), or with vehicle for 4 weeks. Results revealed that low-dose BPA induced prostatic hyperplasia with increased PCNA/TUNEL ratio. It significantly upregulated the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and NF-κB in the dorsolateral prostate (P < 0.05) and the expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) in ventral prostate (P < 0.05). The level of estradiol (E2)/testosterone (T) and expression of androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor α (ERα) were also altered. In vitro studies showed that low-dose BPA (0.1–10 nM) promoted the proliferation of human prostate fibroblasts and epithelial cells, and significantly upregulated the expression of COX-2 and L-PGDS in the cells. The two types of cell proliferation induced by BPA were inhibited by COX-2 inhibitor (NS398) and L-PGDS inhibitor (AT56), with increased apoptosis level. These findings suggested that COX-2 and L-PGDS could mediate low-dose BPA-induced prostatic hyperplasia through pathways involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, which might be related to the functions of ERα and AR. The role of COX-2/NF-κB pathway in dorsolateral prostate requires further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Wu
- Pharmacy School of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.,National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dongyan Huang
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin Su
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Han Yan
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Aicui Ma
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Li
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zuyue Sun
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim D, Park S. Pharmacological therapeutics in androgenetic alopecia. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2020. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2020.63.5.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss and affects both men and women. Male pattern hair loss shows characteristic frontal recession and vertex baldness, whereas female pattern hair loss produces diffuse alopecia over the mid-frontal scalp. AGA is mediated by increased androgen susceptibility in affected scalp hairs. 5α-Reductase converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone, a potent androgen, in the scalp. Both androgen receptors and 5α-reductase have higher expression levels in the balding scalp than in non-affected regions. Increased androgen susceptibility induces hair follicle miniaturization, which leads to the progressive loss of thicker terminal hairs in the balding scalp. Currently, topical minoxidil and oral 5α-reductase inhibitors, such as finasteride and dutasteride, are approved options for the pharmacological treatment of AGA. Topical minoxidil remains the mainstay of therapy for mild to moderate AGA in both men and women. The daily intake of 1-mg finasteride or 0.5-mg dutasteride shows better efficacy than topical minoxidil in regard to hair regrowth in male AGA. Anti-androgens can be used in female AGA wit clinical and biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism. Patients may be overwhelmed and confused by the variety of treatment options for AGA management, including over-the-count drugs with low evidence quality. Therefore, physicians must be aware of the current guidelines for the management of AGA based on evidence-based approaches to select better options for patients.
Collapse
|
6
|
Martinez-Jacobo LA, Ancer-Arellano CI, Villarreal-Villarreal CD, Ortiz-Lopez R, Montufar-Martinez M, Trevino V, Santuario-Facio SK, Sanchez-Cornejo R, Sanchez-Garcia A, Medina-De la Garza CE, Ancer-Rodriguez J, Sinclair RD, Ocampo-Candiani J, Rojas-Martinez A. Global expression profile and global genome methylation signatures in male patients with androgenetic alopecia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e216-e218. [PMID: 31876348 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L A Martinez-Jacobo
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico.,Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Vicerrectoria de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico
| | - C I Ancer-Arellano
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - C D Villarreal-Villarreal
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - R Ortiz-Lopez
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - M Montufar-Martinez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico.,Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - V Trevino
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - S K Santuario-Facio
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - R Sanchez-Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - A Sanchez-Garcia
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital Universitario, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - C E Medina-De la Garza
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - J Ancer-Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico.,Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - R D Sinclair
- Epworth Hospital, East Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Sinclair Dermatology Clinical Trial Centre, East Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - J Ocampo-Candiani
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - A Rojas-Martinez
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|