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Nazarian A, Alexis AF. Diagnosis of Allergic Dermatoses in Skin of Color. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2024; 24:317-322. [PMID: 38776041 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-024-01148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to deliver a comprehensive report of the most recent knowledge on diagnosing allergic dermatoses in skin of color (SOC) patients. RECENT FINDINGS Allergic dermatoses can affect populations of all backgrounds. However, racial/ethnic variations in epidemiology, clinical features, and associated allergens have been reported. Nuances in the approach to diagnosis, including the assessment of erythema and interpretation of patch tests, are important considerations when treating patients with SOC. In this review, we outline various manifestations of allergic dermatoses in SOC with a focus on important clinical presentations and diagnostic tools, aiming to support clinicians in accurate recognition of diseases, thereby opening avenues to improve outcomes across diverse skin types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Nazarian
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Andrew F Alexis
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Shobnam N, Saksena S, Ratley G, Yadav M, Chaudhary PP, Sun AA, Howe KN, Gadkari M, Franco LM, Ganesan S, McCann KJ, Hsu AP, Kanakabandi K, Ricklefs S, Lack J, Yu W, Similuk M, Walkiewicz MA, Gardner DD, Barta K, Tullos K, Myles IA. Topical Steroid Withdrawal is a Targetable Excess of Mitochondrial NAD. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.17.24305846. [PMID: 38712043 PMCID: PMC11071640 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.17.24305846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Background Topical corticosteroids (TCS) are first-line therapies for numerous skin conditions. Topical Steroid Withdrawal (TSW) is a controversial diagnosis advocated by patients with prolonged TCS exposure who report severe systemic reactions upon treatment cessation. However, to date there have been no systematic clinical or mechanistic studies to distinguish TSW from other eczematous disorders. Methods A re-analysis of a previous survey with eczematous skin disease was performed to evaluate potential TSW distinguishing symptoms. We subsequently conducted a pilot study of 16 patients fitting the proposed diagnostic criteria. We then performed: tissue metabolomics, transcriptomics, and immunostaining on skin biopsies; serum metabolomics and cytokine assessments; shotgun metagenomics on microbiome skin swabs; genome sequencing; followed by functional, mechanistic studies using human skin cell lines and mice. Results Clinically distinct TSW symptoms included burning, flushing, and thermodysregulation. Metabolomics and transcriptomics both implicated elevated NAD+ oxidation stemming from increased expression of mitochondrial complex I and conversion of tryptophan into kynurenine metabolites. These abnormalities were induced by glucocorticoid exposure both in vitro and in a cohort of healthy controls (N=19) exposed to TCS. Targeting complex I via either metformin or the herbal compound berberine improved outcomes in both cell culture and in an open-label case series for patients with TSW. Conclusion Taken together, our results suggest that TSW has a distinct dermatopathology. While future studies are needed to validate these results in larger cohorts, this work provides the first mechanistic evaluation into TSW pathology, and offers insights into clinical identification, pharmacogenomic candidates, and directed therapeutic strategies.
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Harbottle Z, Nötzel A, Golding MA, Bhamra M, Kopsch I, Wilking E, Jonsson M, Abrams EM, Halbrich MA, Simons E, Roos LE, Keddy-Grant JA, Gerstner TV, St-Vincent JA, Ekström S, Protudjer JLP. Infantile atopic dermatitis - increasing severity predicts negative impacts on maternal and infant sleep: a mixed methods study. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 20:21. [PMID: 38519963 PMCID: PMC10960393 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-024-00883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the impacts of atopic dermatitis (AD) on maternal and child sleep outcomes have been previously explored, less is known about the associations between infantile AD and sleep quality and quantity. OBJECTIVE To describe the perceived causes of AD-associated maternal sleep disturbances and the association between AD severity and infant sleep outcomes. METHODS Mothers with infants aged < 19 months old with a diagnosis of AD were recruited from social media and medical clinics in Winnipeg, Canada between October 2021 and May 2022. Infant AD severity was classified using maternal-reported data on the Patient-Oriented Scoring Atopic Dermatitis tool (PO-SCORAD). Quantitative data were collected via a series of questionnaires with a subset of mothers subsequently completing semi-structured interviews. Quantitative and qualitative data were integrated in the discussion. RESULTS Mothers of infants with moderate/severe AD (6/12) were more likely to report their infant suffering from a higher degree of sleeplessness (i.e., ≥ 5 on a scale of 0-10) over the past 48 h compared to mothers of infants with mild AD (0/18). This was supported by qualitative findings where mothers described how their infant's sleep quality and quantity worsened with AD severity. Additionally, 7/32 mothers reported that their child's AD, regardless of severity, disturbed their sleep. Maternal sleep loss was most commonly attributed to infant itching (6/7), followed by worry (4/7). CONCLUSION Infantile AD severity was associated with worse sleep outcomes for both mothers and infants. We propose that maternal and infantile sleep quality and quantity can be improved by reducing AD severity through adherence to topical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Harbottle
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 501G-715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Michael A Golding
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 501G-715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Manvir Bhamra
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 501G-715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | | | - Marina Jonsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elissa M Abrams
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 501G-715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michelle A Halbrich
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Elinor Simons
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 501G-715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Children's Allergy & Asthma Education Centre, Health Sciences Centre Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Leslie E Roos
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 501G-715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jill A Keddy-Grant
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Dermatology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Thomas V Gerstner
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jo-Anne St-Vincent
- Children's Allergy & Asthma Education Centre, Health Sciences Centre Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sandra Ekström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jennifer L P Protudjer
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 501G-715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- George and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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Alexis AF, Silverberg JI, Rice ZP, Armstrong AW, Desai SR, Fonacier L, Kabashima K, Biswas P, Cella RR, Chan GL, Levenberg M. Abrocitinib efficacy and safety in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis by race, ethnicity, and Fitzpatrick skin type. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132:383-389.e3. [PMID: 37949351 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Response to abrocitinib treatment for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) has not been evaluated across racial and ethnic subpopulations. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of abrocitinib on the basis of patient race, ethnicity, and Fitzpatrick skin type (FST). METHODS Data were pooled post hoc from patients treated with abrocitinib 200 mg, 100 mg, or placebo in 3 monotherapy trials (NCT02780167, NCT03349060, and NCT03575871). Race and ethnicity were self-reported; FST was determined by study investigators. Evaluations through Week 12 include the following: (1) Investigator's Global Assessment of clear or almost-clear skin; (2) greater than or equal to 75% improvement in Eczema Area and Severity Index or SCORing AD; (3) a greater-than-or-equal-to 4-point improvement in Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale score; (4) least squares mean changes in Dermatology Life Quality Index and Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure scores; and (5) treatment-emergent adverse events. RESULTS The sample comprised 628 White, 204 Asian, and 83 Black patients; 37 were Hispanic or Latino; 624 had FST I to III and 320 had FST IV to VI. Treatment with either abrocitinib dose was associated with greater proportions of patients achieving Investigator's Global Assessment of clear or almost-clear skin, ≥ 75% improvement in Eczema Area and Severity Index, ≥ 75% improvement in SCORing AD, and a ≥ 4-point improvement in Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale, or greater score changes from baseline in Dermatology Life Quality Index and Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure vs placebo regardless of race, ethnicity, or FST. Dose-response was most prominent in White patients. In Black patients, the effects of the 2 doses were similar. Treatment-emergent adverse events were more common in White and Black than in Asian patients. CONCLUSION Abrocitinib was more efficacious than placebo across the racial and ethnic groups and ranges of phototypes analyzed. Studies with increased representation of populations of color are warranted to elucidate potential variations in response across diverse populations. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02780167 (phase 2b), NCT03349060 (phase 3 MONO-1), and NCT03575871 (phase 3 MONO-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Alexis
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | - April W Armstrong
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Seemal R Desai
- Innovative Dermatology, Plano, Texas; Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Luz Fonacier
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Hospital Long Island, Mineola, New York
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Ricardo Rojo Cella
- Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (Affiliation at the time this study was conducted)
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Visitsunthorn K, Atwal S, Lopez E, Ong PY. Solving the health disparity of eczema assessment: A role for skin tape soluble protein? THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2024; 3:100180. [PMID: 38026505 PMCID: PMC10652108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2023.100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background The assessment of erythema in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is based on clinical examination. The difficulty of perceiving erythema in Black patients with AD has led to underestimation of AD severity in these patients. Objective In this study, we analyzed the concentration of skin tape soluble protein of AD lesions against common AD clinical signs. Method A total of 50 children with AD were included. Skin tape total soluble protein was extracted from AD lesions and analyzed against validated AD clinical signs, including erythema, excoriation, edema, oozing, and lichenification. Results Concentration of skin tape soluble protein is positively correlated with acute signs of AD, especially erythema. Conclusion Determination of concentration of skin tape protein is a potential tool for grading erythema of AD lesions, and it may have an application in improving the health disparity of assessment of eczema severity in Black patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanmeet Atwal
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Elvira Lopez
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Peck Y. Ong
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
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Lunjani N, Kerbelker T, Mdletshe FB, Hlela C, O’Mahony L. Phenotypes, endotypes and genotypes of atopic dermatitis and allergy in populations of African ancestry on the continent and diaspora. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 4:1203304. [PMID: 38327736 PMCID: PMC10847302 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1203304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a complex inflammatory condition characterized by synergist interactions between epidermal and immune related genotypes, skin barrier defects and immune dysregulation as well as microbial dysbiosis. Ethnicity-specific variations in clinical presentation, immune endotypes and genetic susceptibility have been described in diverse populations. We summarize available data with specific consideration of AD in populations of African ancestry. Some highlights include the observation of AD lesions on extensor surfaces, lichen planus-like AD, prurigo type AD and follicular AD in African populations. In addition, a consistent absence of dominant filaggrin gene defects has been reported. The detection of normal filaggrin protein content in AD skin implicates the contribution of alternative mechanisms in the pathogenesis of AD in African patients. Markedly high IgE has been described in paediatric and adult African AD. While Th2, Th22 and Th17 activation in African AD skin shares the same direction as with other populations, it has been noted that the magnitude of activation is dissimilar. Reduced Th17 cytokines have been observed in the circulation of moderate to severe paediatric AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Lunjani
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Division of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - T. Kerbelker
- Department of Peadiatrics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - F. B. Mdletshe
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - C. Hlela
- Division of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L. O’Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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7
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Guo BC, Wu KH, Chen CY, Lin WY, Chang YJ, Lin MJ, Wu HP. Advancements in Allergen Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1316. [PMID: 38279315 PMCID: PMC10816003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects individuals of all age groups, manifesting as a spectrum of symptoms varying from mild to severe. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) involves the administration of allergen extracts and has emerged as a potential treatment strategy for modifying immune responses. Its pathogenesis involves epidermal barrier dysfunction, microbiome imbalance, immune dysregulation, and environmental factors. Existing treatment strategies encompass topical steroids to systemic agents, while AIT is under investigation as a potential immune-modifying alternative. Several studies have shown reductions in the severity scoring of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) scores, daily rescue medication use, and visual analog scale (VAS) scores following AIT. Biomarker changes include increased IgG4 levels and decreased eosinophil counts. This review provides valuable insights for future research and clinical practice, exploring AIT as a viable option for the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Cyuan Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan;
| | - Kang-Hsi Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tungs’ Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung 43503, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 35664, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ya Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taichung 43503, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Jun Chang
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostastics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan;
| | - Mao-Jen Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 42743, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ping Wu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan
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Narla S, Silverberg JI. Which Clinical Measurement Tools for Atopic Dermatitis Severity Make the Most Sense in Clinical Practice? Dermatitis 2024; 35:S13-S23. [PMID: 37040270 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2022.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of atopic dermatitis (AD) severity is essential for therapeutic decision making and monitoring treatment progress. However, there are a myriad of clinical measurement tools available, some of which are impractical for routine clinical use despite being recommended for clinical trials in AD. For measurement tools to be used in clinical practice, they should be valid, reliable, rapidly completed, and scored, and easily incorporated into existing clinic workflows. This narrative review addresses content, validity, and feasibility, and provides a simplified repertoire of assessments for clinical assessment of AD based on prior evidence and expert opinion. Tools that may be feasible for clinical practice include patient-reported outcomes (eg, dermatology life quality index, patient-oriented eczema measure, numerical rating scales for itch, pain, and sleep disturbance, AD Control Tool, and patient-reported global assessment), and clinician-reported outcomes (eg, body surface area and investigator's global assessment). AD is associated with variable clinical signs, symptoms, extent of lesions, longitudinal course, comorbidities, and impacts. Any single domain is insufficient to holistically characterize AD severity, select therapy, or monitor treatment response. A combination of these tools is recommended to balance completeness and feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Narla
- From the Department of Dermatology, St. Luke's University Health Network, Easton, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Hendrickx DM, An R, Boeren S, Mutte SK, Lambert JM, Belzer C. Assessment of infant outgrowth of cow's milk allergy in relation to the faecal microbiome and metaproteome. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12029. [PMID: 37491408 PMCID: PMC10368738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies provide evidence for an association between modifications of the gut microbiota in early life and the development of food allergies. We studied the faecal microbiota composition (16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing) and faecal microbiome functionality (metaproteomics) in a cohort of 40 infants diagnosed with cow's milk allergy (CMA) when entering the study. Some of the infants showed outgrowth of CMA after 12 months, while others did not. Faecal microbiota composition of infants was analysed directly after CMA diagnosis (baseline) as well as 6 and 12 months after entering the study. The aim was to gain insight on gut microbiome parameters in relation to outgrowth of CMA. The results of this study show that microbiome differences related to outgrowth of CMA can be mainly identified at the taxonomic level of the 16S rRNA gene, and to a lesser extent at the protein-based microbial taxonomy and functional protein level. At the 16S rRNA gene level outgrowth of CMA is characterized by lower relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae at baseline and lower Bacteroidaceae at visit 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Hendrickx
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ran An
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sumanth K Mutte
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Kiwan AH, Mohamed HAK, Hashim OAEA, Abd-Elraheem SI, Alkhrsawy AM. Pro-Inflammatory versus Anti-Inflammatory cytokines in atopic dermatitis patients: A case control study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6163-6168. [PMID: 35751139 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disorder with significant morbidity and impairment of life quality. Prevalence is increasing around the world; therefore, intensive research is ongoing to understand the mechanisms of development of AD and offer new treatment options for AD patients. AIMS To investigate the association between Inflammatory (IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ) versus anti-Inflammatory Cytokines (IL-35, TGF-β) in AD patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A case control study included 40 AD patients and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. Cases were subjected to full history taking and full dermatological examination. The assessment of disease severity was conducted by using SCORAD score. Assessment of inflammatory (IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ) and anti-Inflammatory Cytokines (IL-35, TGF-β) was performed by using ELISA technique. RESULTS The mean level of TNF-α, IL-17 was statistically significantly higher in the AD cases as compared with the control group. The mean level of TGF-β, Il-35, and IFN-γ was statistically significantly lower in the Atopic dermatitis cases as compared with the control group. There was statistically significant strong positive correlation between TNF-α with SCORAD score and IL-17 while there was statistically significant strong negative correlation between TNF-α with TGF-β and IL-35. There was statistically significant strong positive correlation between IL-17 with SCORAD score and TNF-α while there was statistically significant strong negative correlation between IL-17 with TGF-β and IL-35. CONCLUSION The current results could be used as a clue for the utilization of inflammatory (IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ) versus anti-inflammatory Cytokines (IL-35, TGF-β) in AD as a diagnostic biomarker for severity of cases with Atopic dermatitis. IL-17 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD, and IL-17 blocker may be used as a potential future treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Hamada Kiwan
- Damietta Dermatology and Leprosy Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Hassan Abou Khodair Mohamed
- Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Osama Abd El-Azim Hashim
- Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | | | - Amr Mohamed Alkhrsawy
- Clinical pathology department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
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Kaundinya T, Rakita U, Guraya A, Abboud DM, Croce E, Thyssen JP, Alexis A, Silverberg JI. Differences in Psychometric Properties of Clinician- and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Atopic Dermatitis by Race and Skin Tone: A Systematic Review. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:364-381. [PMID: 34352262 PMCID: PMC8792149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The psychometric validity and reliability of widely used atopic dermatitis (AD) outcome measures across different races and ethnicities are unclear. We describe the rates of reporting race, ethnicity, and skin tone in studies testing the psychometric properties of AD outcome measures and compare the psychometric analyses across race, ethnicity, and skin tone. We systematically reviewed MEDLINE and EMBASE for studies reporting psychometric properties of clinician-reported or patient-reported outcome measures in AD (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews: CRD42021239614). Overall, 16,100 nonduplicate articles were screened; 165 met inclusion criteria. Race and/or ethnicity were reported in 55 (33.3%) studies; of those, race was assessed by self-report in 10 studies (6.1%) or was unspecified in 45 (27.3%). A total of 16 studies (9.7%) evaluated psychometric property differences by race, and only five (4.4%) of those did not recognize it as a limitation. Properties assessed across race, ethnicity, or skin tone were differential item functioning, convergent validity feasibility, inter-rater reliability, intrarater reliability, test‒retest reliability, and known-groups validity. Multiple instruments demonstrated performance differences across ethnoracial groups. This review highlights the paucity of race/ethnicity consideration for psychometric property testing in AD outcome measurement instruments. More AD outcomes instruments should be validated in diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Kaundinya
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Uros Rakita
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Armaan Guraya
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Emily Croce
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA; Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, Dell Children's Medical Group, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew Alexis
- Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
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12
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Mahdavinia M, Greenfield LR, Moore D, Botha M, Engen P, Gray C, Lunjani N, Hlela C, Basera W, Hobane L, Watkins A, Mankahla A, Gaunt B, Facey-Thomas H, Landay A, Keshavarzian A, Levin ME. House dust microbiota and atopic dermatitis; effect of urbanization. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:1006-1012. [PMID: 33570236 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that a child's risk of developing atopic disease is impacted by both genetic and environmental factors. Because small children spend the majority of their time in their homes, exposure to microbial factors in their home environment may be protective or risk factors for development of atopic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis. METHODS Dust samples from the homes of 86 Black South African children 12 to 36 months old were collected for analysis of the bacterial microbiome. This case-control study design included children with and without atopic dermatitis from rural and urban environments. RESULTS Significant differences in bacterial composition and diversity were found when comparing children with and without atopic dermatitis. Furthermore, house dust microbiota was significantly different in rural and urban areas. Differences were best accounted for by higher relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Bacteroidaceae families in rural compared with urban houses. Levels of Ruminococcaceae were also found to be significantly depleted in the house dust of rural children with atopic dermatitis as compared to control children. CONCLUSIONS House dust composition may be an important risk factor for the development of atopic disease, and this association may be driven in part by the gut microbiome. Low levels of the Ruminococcaceae family from Clostridia class in particular may explain the association between urban living and atopy. However, further research is needed to elucidate these links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Mahdavinia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology Division, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,InVivo Planetary Health Network, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Leah R Greenfield
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology Division, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Donyea Moore
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology Division, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maresa Botha
- InVivo Planetary Health Network, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Claudia Gray
- Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla Lunjani
- Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Carol Hlela
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Wisdom Basera
- Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lelani Hobane
- Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alexandra Watkins
- Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Avumile Mankahla
- Eastern Cape Department of Health, Zithulele Hospital, Mqanduli, South Africa
| | - Ben Gaunt
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Heidi Facey-Thomas
- Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alan Landay
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael E Levin
- InVivo Planetary Health Network, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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13
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Maintz L, Bieber T, Bissonnette R, Jack C. Measuring Atopic Dermatitis Disease Severity: The Potential for Electronic Tools to Benefit Clinical Care. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:1473-1486.e2. [PMID: 33838840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Severity of atopic dermatitis (AD) correlates with impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), work productivity, and burden on health systems. Tools to measure severity inform regulatory approval, drug access, and value- or measurement-based care. A core set of instruments for measuring AD has been established. Clinician-reported tools are divided broadly into multi-item global estimates or precise calculators that also weigh affected corporeal surfaces. Increasingly, subjective patient-reported outcomes are valued, with the potential to capture vast amounts of health-related data. Patient-reported outcomes can be disease-agnostic, skin-related, or AD-specific, and evaluate global disease, itch severity, long-term control, or overall HRQoL. Patient-reported outcomes are expansive in number; therefore, item banks and adaptive digital user interfaces will be increasingly needed, along with capacity to store and analyze data. Technologies for AD include tools for communication, severity assessment, or data exchange, as well as electronic health records (EHRs). For clinicians, a limited number of applications exist, with relatively poor interoperability with EHRs to date. For patients, a growing number of mobile health (mHealth) applications exhibit variable compliance with international guidelines for self-management. Data privacy and information security governance are key considerations in the development of information technologies for AD. Integrated and streamlined digital operational processes for disease measurements may build capacity for high value and efficient care of patients with AD across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maintz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, Bonn, Germany; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Bieber
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, Bonn, Germany; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Carolyn Jack
- Innovaderm Research, Montréal, QC, Canada; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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14
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Ring J. Dermato-venereology in the year of coronavirus - Hot topics in research and patient care. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:8-10. [PMID: 33617054 PMCID: PMC8014214 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Ring
- Department Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University, Munich, Germany
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15
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Editor's picks. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 34:665. [PMID: 32227421 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Waked IS, Ibrahim ZM. Beneficial Effects of Paraffin Bath Therapy as Additional Treatment of Chronic Hand Eczema: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Active-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study. J Altern Complement Med 2020; 26:1144-1150. [PMID: 33196289 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2020.0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Chronic hand eczema (CHE) is a common inflammatory skin disease with a major psychological and socioeconomic impacts on patients' quality of life (QoL) and work ability. To the best of knowledge, this study is the first randomized-controlled trial conducted to evaluate the effect of paraffin bath therapy in management of hand eczema and its related symptoms. Design: This study was a parallel-group, active-control, randomized clinical trial with measures at pretreatment, 6th week, and 12th week of treatment. Settings: The study took place at the Outpatient Clinic of Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, and some licensed rehabilitation centers in Cairo for a 1-year period. Subjects: Sixty patients with moderate to severe CHE were randomly assigned into two groups of equal number; the paraffin bath therapy group and the control group. Interventions: The paraffin group received paraffin bath therapy for 5 days a week for 12 weeks, in addition to the routine skin care program, while the control group only received the routine skin care program. Outcome measures: SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) was used to assess the severity of atopic dermatitis and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) to assess the effect of CHE on quality of patients' life. All measurements were obtained before, at the 6th week, and at the 12th week of treatment. Results: Marked improvement in the severity of the disease symptoms was observed, reflected by a highly decrease in objective SCORAD score in the paraffin group over time more than the control group. The percentage of reduction was 28.6% in paraffin group versus 0.41% in control group. Subjective item score (itching and sleepiness) was reduced in the paraffin group more than the control group with a percentage of improvement (47% and 5.5%), respectively. Regarding QoL measure, there were highly positive changes in DLQI in paraffin group more than the control group. The percentage of improvement was 60% in paraffin group and 3.8% in control group. Conclusions: Paraffin bath therapy applied for a 12-week duration seems to be effective, both in reducing severity of eczema symptoms and improving QoL in patients with CHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intsar S Waked
- Professor at Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Zizi M Ibrahim
- Associate Professor at Rehabilitation Sciences Department, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Assistant Professor at Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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17
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Comparison of Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure and Patient-Oriented Scoring Atopic Dermatitis vs Eczema Area and Severity Index and other measures of atopic dermatitis: A validation study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 125:78-83. [PMID: 32199977 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the measurement properties of Patient-Oriented Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (PO-SCORAD) in adults with atopic dermatitis (AD). Even less is known about how PO-SCORAD performs compared with the Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM). OBJECTIVE To examine the measurement properties of PO-SCORAD and compare them with those of POEM. METHODS A prospective dermatology practice-based study of 291 patients with AD (age range, 18-72 years). RESULTS PO-SCORAD and POEM were moderately correlated with each other (Spearman ρ = 0.56) and had weak-moderate correlations with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) worst itch and average itch, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), ItchyQOL, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Sleep Disturbance (SD) and Sleep-Related Impairment (SRI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) (P < .001). POEM had significantly stronger correlations with DLQI, ItchyQOL, and EASI than did PO-SCORAD. PO-SCORAD and POEM had fair discriminant validity. Changes from baseline in PO-SCORAD and POEM were moderately correlated with each other; were weakly to strongly correlated with NRS worst itch and average itch, DLQI, ItchyQOL, PROMIS SD, PROMIS SRI, PHQ-9, and EASI; and had good test-retest reliability. There was no differential item functioning of items or floor or ceiling effects for PO-SCORAD or POEM. The thresholds for meaningful change for PO-SCORAD and POEM were -15.5 and -5.0, respectively. Median completion times for PO-SCORAD and POEM were 3 minutes and 1 minute, respectively. CONCLUSION PO-SCORAD and POEM had good construct and cross-cultural validity, reliability, and responsiveness in adults with AD and were feasible for use in clinical trials and practice. However, POEM had better measurement properties than PO-SCORAD.
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