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Bedair NI, Abdelaziz AS, Abdelrazik FS, El-Kassas M, AbouHadeed MH. Post Covid telogen effluvium: the diagnostic value of serum ferritin biomarker and the preventive value of dietary supplements. a case control study. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:336. [PMID: 38844670 PMCID: PMC11156737 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Telogen effluvium is characterized by excessive hair shedding usually following a stressful event. Ferritin has been used in clinical practice as a biomarker of nonanemic iron deficiency in cases of telogen effluvium. During the years of the COVID19 pandemic, telogen effluvium was reported as a part of post covid manifestations. As ferritin was also a biomarker for inflammation in cases with covid infection, this study was designed to evaluate the value of ferritin in cases with postcovid telogen effluvium one hundred patients recovering from covid 19 for 4-12 weeks were included in the study, detailed drug and laboratory history was obtained and serum ferritin level was measured. the mean serum level of ferritin among telogen effluvium patients was significantly lower than controls (68.52 ± 126 and 137 ± 137.597 ug/L respectively). Patients with telogen effluvium used significantly more azithromycin and ivermectin and significantly less vitamin C, D, lactoferrin and zinc than the controls Although serum ferritin is lower among telogen effluvium patients, it was still higher than the cutoff value for diagnosing nonanemic iron deficiency, we suggest that it will not be a good biomarkers in these cases. Our secondary outcomes showed that dietary supplements used during active infection such as vitamin C, D, lactoferrin and zinc might have a preventive value on postcovid hair loss, while azithromycin and ivermectin could have a negative long term effect on telogen effluvium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen Ibrahim Bedair
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Alaa Safwat Abdelaziz
- Department of Dermatology, Banha Educational Hospital, Ministry of Health, Banha, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed El-Kassas
- Department of Endemic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hussein AbouHadeed
- Research Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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2
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Benhayoun F, Hali F, El Fatoiki FZ, Chiheb S. COVID-19 and Autoimmunity in Dermatology: A Moroccan Case Series and Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e57587. [PMID: 38707102 PMCID: PMC11069627 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the beginning of the pandemic, many skin manifestations associated with COVID-19 have been reported. New reports show that COVID-19 can lead to autoimmune diseases (AIDs) and autoinflammatory diseases, especially dermatological. METHODS A prospective study was conducted by the dermatology department of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd (CHU Ibn Rochd) of Casablanca in Morocco since the beginning of the pandemic including 18 patients with COVID-19-related skin manifestations. RESULTS Eighteen cases were collected with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The mean COVID score was 0.7. A percentage (94.44%) of the cases had general symptoms. Skin involvement was variable, mainly maculopapular rash (44.44%), purpura (27.77%), urticaria, varicelliform rash, necrotic lesions of the face, and pityriasis rosea Gibert (PRG)-like lesions. Mucosal involvement was found in 50%. Viral reactivation was found in 5.55%. Telogen effluvium was found in 22.22%. Moreover, AID was triggered by COVID-19: lupus (11.11%), associated with antiphospholipid syndrome (APL Sd) (5.55%), psoriasis (11.11%), alopecia, and pemphigus. Severe toxidermia was potentiated by SARS-CoV-2 infection (22.22%): Stevens-Johnson syndrome (Sd), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (APEG), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). CONCLUSION The interest of this work is to report our experience during the COVID-19 pandemic to understand some pathophysiological mechanisms of its dermatological manifestations and to draw the attention of clinicians to the link of this infection with autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases and toxidermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimazahrae Benhayoun
- Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd (CHU Ibn Rochd), Casablanca, MAR
| | - Fouzia Hali
- Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd (CHU Ibn Rochd), Casablanca, MAR
| | | | - Soumiya Chiheb
- Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd (CHU Ibn Rochd), Casablanca, MAR
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Triwongwaranat D, Thanomkitti K, Korviriyakamol T, Saengthong-Aram P, Varothai S, Thuangtong R. Characteristics of hair loss in COVID-19 patients in Thailand. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36539. [PMID: 38065902 PMCID: PMC10713103 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There is still a scarcity of data on hair loss caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. This study aims to determine the characteristics of hair loss in Thai individuals after COVID-19 infection and to identify associated factors. From March to June 2022, a retrospective review of medical records and telephone interviews was conducted to determine the details of hair loss, the severity of infection, and the associated treatments of patients with an abrupt onset of hair loss after the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection at Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. This study included 43 patients who experienced hair loss within 4 months after COVID-19 infection. The mean age was 46.5 ± 14.5 years, predominantly women. Most had mild COVID-19 symptoms (59.3%), and 59.1% experienced weight loss, with a mean weight loss of 4.3 ± 2.0 kg per month. Preexisting hair loss was reported in 31.0% of participants, with approximately 3-quarters diagnosed with androgenetic alopecia. The median onset of hair loss after COVID-19 infection was 30 days (interquartile range 30-60). Telogen effluvium was the most common acute hair loss diagnosis, and topical minoxidil was the predominant treatment (95.3%). Female gender was correlated with a more severe shedding scale (adjusted odd ratio 24.76, 95% CI 1.67-168.86). Patients with a history of androgenetic alopecia tended to have a lower hair shedding scale (adjusted odd ratio 0.03, 95% CI 0.01-0.38). This study reviewed the characteristics of hair loss after COVID-19 infection during Omicron outbreaks in Thailand. The COVID-19-associated telogen effluvium, which is the primary cause in our patients, manifested with earlier onset at approximately 30 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daranporn Triwongwaranat
- Department of Dermatology, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanchalit Thanomkitti
- Department of Dermatology, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tarinee Korviriyakamol
- Department of Dermatology, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phuwakorn Saengthong-Aram
- Department of Dermatology, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supenya Varothai
- Department of Dermatology, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rattapon Thuangtong
- Department of Dermatology, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Wadhwa D, Monga A, Kumar N, Khullar G, Karmakar S, Khunger N. A Cross-Sectional Study on Post-Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Hair Loss at a Tertiary Care Hospital. Dermatol Pract Concept 2023; 13:dpc.1304a263. [PMID: 37992388 PMCID: PMC10656157 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1304a263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Severe acute respiratory virus syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. As patients recovered from COVID-19 infection, hair loss was increasingly observed as a distressing symptom. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of patients with post COVID-19 hair loss between July to December 2021 at a tertiary care center. Detailed history, clinical examination, trichoscopy and biochemical tests were performed and recorded. COVID-19 disease severity was assessed based on duration of COVID-19 infection and place of management. RESULTS The study included 120 patients with a mean age of 39.6 years. The majority of the patients were females treated at home and had COVID-19 infection for >2 weeks. The mean visual analog scale (VAS) score for stress was 5.25. Vitamin D deficiency was present in 56.7% and low ferritin in 30% of cases. The mean time of onset of hair loss post COVID-19 was 49 days. Patients mainly presented with diffuse hair loss. Trichodynia was present in 15.8% of cases. The degree of hair loss was severe in 55.8% of the subjects. Positive hair pull test was seen in 65% of patients. Most common trichoscopic features included single hair follicles (81.7%) and vellus hair >10% (60%). CONCLUSIONS The mean time of onset of hair loss post COVID-19 infection was less than 2 months. Majority patients had diffuse pattern and severe degree of hair loss. Trichoscopy can aid in unmasking co-existing patterned hair loss in patients presenting clinically with diffuse hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaarna Wadhwa
- Department of Dermatology and STD, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Avneet Monga
- Department of Dermatology and STD, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Kumar
- Department of Dermatology and STD, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Geeti Khullar
- Department of Dermatology and STD, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanchita Karmakar
- Department of Dermatology and STD, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Niti Khunger
- Department of Dermatology and STD, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi, India
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5
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Chávez-Chavira G. [Review of the post-COVID-19 syndrome associated to acute telogen effluvium]. REVISTA MEDICA DEL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL 2023; 61:496-501. [PMID: 37540705 PMCID: PMC10521875 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8200471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted our society in numerous ways. So far (November 2022) around 640 million SARS-CoV-2 infections have been confirmed worldwide. It is known that this disease has a main affection at the cardiopulmonary level, however, it affects almost all the organs and systems of the body, including the skin. Post-COVID-19 syndrome occurs in some patients, leaving significant sequelae that impact their quality of life. Among the most common sequelae are: cough, dyspnea, chronic fatigue, hyposmia and dysosmia. In addition to these, other sequelae not related to respiratory syndrome have been reported, such as hair loss, which has been observed in around 20% of post-COVID-19 patients, this could be attributable to acute telogen effluvium (TE). To date, no study has been conducted to determine the relationship of ET in those who have had COVID-19. Acute ET is defined as diffuse, non-scarring hair loss, usually self-limited, lasting for about 6 months. Within its etiology, severe systemic febrile illness, pregnancy, restrictive diets, severe stress and various drugs have been described. It seriously affects the quality of life of patients and is often associated with loss of confidence and low self-esteem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grecia Chávez-Chavira
- Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Investigación y Posgrado. Chihuahua, Chihuahua, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de ChihuahuaMéxico
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6
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Najafi MB, Javanmard SH. Post-COVID-19 Syndrome Mechanisms, Prevention and Management. Int J Prev Med 2023; 14:59. [PMID: 37351054 PMCID: PMC10284243 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_508_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As the population of patients recovering from COVID-19 grows, post COVID-19 challenges are recognizing by ongoing evidences at once. Long COVID is defined as a syndrome with a range of persistent symptoms that remain long after (beyond 12 weeks) the acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Studies have shown that long COVID can cause multi-organ damages with a wide spectrum of manifestations. Many systems, but not limited to, including respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal systems, are involved in long COVID. Fatigue and dyspnea are the most common symptoms of long COVID. Long COVID-19 may be driven by tissue damage caused by virus-specific pathophysiologic changes or secondary to pathological long-lasting inflammatory response because of viral persistence, immune dysregulation, and autoimmune reactions. Some risk factors like sex and age, more than five early symptoms, and specific biomarkers have been revealed as a probable long COVID predicator discussed in this review. It seems that vaccination is the only way for prevention of long COVID and it can also help patients who had already long COVID. Managing long COVID survivors recommended being in a multidisciplinary approach, and a framework for identifying those at high risk for post-acute COVID-19 must be proposed. Possible therapeutic options and useful investigation tools for follow-up are suggested in this review. In sum, as evidence and researches are regularly updated, we provide the current understanding of the epidemiology, clinical manifestation, suspected pathophysiology, associated risk factors, and treatment options of long COVID in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed B. Najafi
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh H. Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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7
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Epidemiology of post-COVID conditions beyond 1 year: a cross-sectional study. Public Health 2023; 216:39-44. [PMID: 36791649 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of post-COVID conditions beyond 12 months and identify factors associated with the persistence of each condition. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey. METHODS We conducted the survey among patients who had recovered from COVID-19 and visited our institute between February 2020 and November 2021. Demographic and clinical data and data regarding the presence and duration of post-COVID conditions were obtained. We identified factors associated with the persistence of post-COVID conditions using multivariable linear regression analyses. RESULTS Of 1148 surveyed patients, 502 completed the survey (response rate, 43.7%). Of these, 393 patients (86.4%) had mild disease in the acute phase. The proportion of participants with at least one symptom at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after symptom onset or COVID-19 diagnosis was 32.3% (124/384), 30.5% (71/233), 25.8% (24/93), and 33.3% (2/6), respectively. The observed associations were as follows: fatigue persistence with moderate or severe COVID-19 (β = 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.06-0.99); shortness of breath with moderate or severe COVID-19 (β = 1.39, 95% CI = 0.91-1.87); cough with moderate or severe COVID-19 (β = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.40-1.29); dysosmia with being female (β = -0.57, 95% CI = -0.97 to -0.18) and absence of underlying medical conditions (β = -0.43, 95% CI = -0.82 to -0.05); hair loss with being female (β = -0.61, 95% CI = -1.00 to -0.22), absence of underlying medical conditions (β = -0.42, 95% CI = -0.80 to 0.04), and moderate or severe COVID-19 (β = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.41-1.54); depressed mood with younger age (β = -0.02, 95% CI = -0.04 to -0.004); and loss of concentration with being female (β = -0.51, 95% CI = -0.94 to -0.09). CONCLUSIONS More than one-fourth of patients after recovery from COVID-19, most of whom had had mild disease in the acute phase, had at least one symptom at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after onset of COVID-19, indicating that not a few patients with COVID-19 suffer from long-term residual symptoms, even in mild cases.
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8
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Kutlu Ö, Demircan YT, Yıldız K, Kalkan G, Demirseren DD, An İ, Oba MÇ, Emre S, Şenel E, Bilgili SG, Savaş SE, Aktürk AŞ, Türkmen D, Çakmak SK, Kulaklı S, Demirbaş A, Altunışık N, Coşansu NC, Aksoy GG, Tosun M, Kurt BÖ, Şentürk N, Şener S, Özden HK, Temiz SA, Atak MF, Süslü H, Oğuz ID, Kılıç S, Ustaoğlu E, Topal İO, Akbulut TÖ, Korkmaz İ, Kılıç A, Hızlı P, Küçük ÖS, Çaytemel C, Kara RÖ, Koska MC, Tatar K, Dikicier BS, Ağırgöl Ş, Akşan B, Karadağ AS. The effect of COVID-19 on development of hair and nail disorders: a Turkish multicenter, controlled study. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:202-211. [PMID: 36281828 PMCID: PMC9874876 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A broad spectrum of skin diseases, including hair and nails, can be directly or indirectly triggered by COVID-19. It is aimed to examine the type and frequency of hair and nail disorders after COVID-19 infection. METHODS This is a multicenter study conducted on consecutive 2171 post-COVID-19 patients. Patients who developed hair and nail disorders and did not develop hair and nail disorders were recruited as subject and control groups. The type and frequency of hair and nail disorders were examined. RESULTS The rate of the previous admission in hospital due to COVID-19 was statistically significantly more common in patients who developed hair loss after getting infected with COVID-19 (P < 0.001). Telogen effluvium (85%) was the most common hair loss type followed by worsening of androgenetic alopecia (7%) after COVID-19 infection. The mean stress scores during and after getting infected with COVID-19 were 6.88 ± 2.77 and 3.64 ± 3.04, respectively, in the hair loss group and were 5.77 ± 3.18 and 2.81 ± 2.84, respectively, in the control group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001). The frequency of recurrent COVID-19 was statistically significantly higher in men with severe androgenetic alopecia (Grades 4-7 HNS) (P = 0.012; Odds ratio: 2.931 [1.222-7.027]). The most common nail disorders were leukonychia, onycholysis, Beau's lines, onychomadesis, and onychoschisis, respectively. The symptoms of COVID-19 were statistically significantly more common in patients having nail disorders after getting infected with COVID-19 when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The development of both nail and hair disorders after COVID-19 seems to be related to a history of severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Kutlu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa UniversityTokatTurkey
| | | | - Kenan Yıldız
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Adana Seyhan State HospitalAdanaTurkey
| | - Gӧknur Kalkan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Duriye Deniz Demirseren
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health ScienceAnkaraTurkey
| | - İsa An
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Şanlıurfa Training and Research HospitalŞanlıurfaTurkey
| | - Muazzez Çiğdem Oba
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sancaktepe Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Selma Emre
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Engin Şenel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Erol Olcak Training and Research Hospital, Hitit ÜniversityÇankırıTurkey
| | - Serap Güneş Bilgili
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl UniversityVanTurkey
| | - Sevil Erdoğan Savaş
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Sultan 2. Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Health Science UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Aysun Şikar Aktürk
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli UniversityKocaeliTurkey
| | - Dursun Türkmen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, İnönü UniversityMalatyaTurkey
| | - Seray Külcü Çakmak
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health ScienceAnkaraTurkey
| | - Sevgi Kulaklı
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Giresun UniversityKocaeliTurkey
| | - Abdullah Demirbaş
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Evliya Çelebi Training and Research Hospital, Kütahya Health Science UniversityKonyaTurkey
| | - Nihal Altunışık
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, İnönü UniversityMalatyaTurkey
| | - Nur Cihan Coşansu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sakarya Training and Research HospitalSakaryaTurkey
| | - Güneş Gur Aksoy
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health ScienceAnkaraTurkey
| | - Mustafa Tosun
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey
| | - Birgül Özkesici Kurt
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Adıyaman Training and Research HospitalAntalyaTurkey
| | - Nilgün Şentürk
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Samsun Ondokuz Mayıs UniversitySamsunTurkey
| | - Serpil Şener
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, İnönü UniversityMalatyaTurkey
| | - Hatice Kaya Özden
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Kocaeli Derince Training and Research HospitalKocaeliTurkey
| | - Selami Aykut Temiz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Meram School of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan UniversityKonyaTurkey
| | - Mehmet Fatih Atak
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tokat State HospitalTokatTurkey
| | - Hülya Süslü
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, ıstanbul Haseki Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Işil Deniz Oğuz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Giresun UniversityKocaeliTurkey
| | - Sevilay Kılıç
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart UniversityÇanakkaleTurkey
| | - Eda Ustaoğlu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bursa City HospitalBursaTurkey
| | - İlteriş Oğuz Topal
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Health Science UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Tuğba Özkök Akbulut
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, ıstanbul Haseki Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - İbrahim Korkmaz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, ıstanbul Haseki Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Arzu Kılıç
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Balıkesir UniversityBalıkesirTurkey
| | - Pelin Hızlı
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Balıkesir UniversityBalıkesirTurkey
| | - Özlem Su Küçük
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Ceyda Çaytemel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura City HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Rabia Öztaş Kara
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sakarya Training and Research HospitalSakaryaTurkey
| | - Mahmut Can Koska
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Artvin State HospitalArtvinTurkey
| | - Kübra Tatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl UniversityVanTurkey
| | - Bahar Sevimli Dikicier
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Sakarya Training and Research Hospital, Sakarya UniversitySakaryaTurkey
| | - Şenay Ağırgöl
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura City HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Burak Akşan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Giresun UniversityKocaeliTurkey
| | - Ayşe Serap Karadağ
- Memorial Health Group, Atasehir and Sisli Hospital, Dermatology ClinicIstanbulTurkey
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Takao M, Ohira M. Neurological post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 77:72-83. [PMID: 36148558 PMCID: PMC9538807 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), can have two phases: acute (generally 4 weeks after onset) and chronic (>4 weeks after onset). Both phases include a wide variety of signs and symptoms including neurological and psychiatric symptoms. The signs and symptoms that are considered sequelae of COVID-19 are termed post-COVID condition, long COVID-19, and post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). PASC symptoms include fatigue, dyspnea, palpitation, dysosmia, subfever, hypertension, alopecia, sleep problems, loss of concentration, amnesia, numbness, pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, depression, and anxiety. Because the specific pathophysiology of PASC has not yet been clarified, there are no definite criteria of the condition, hence the World Health Organization's definition is quite broad. Consequently, it is difficult to correctly diagnose PASC. Approximately 50% of patients may show at least one PASC symptom up to 12 months after COVID-19 infection; however, the exact prevalence of PASC has not been determined. Despite extensive research in progress worldwide, there are currently no clear diagnostic methodologies or treatments for PASC. In this review, we discuss the currently available information on PASC and highlight the neurological sequelae of COVID-19 infection. Furthermore, we provide clinical suggestions for diagnosing and caring for patients with PASC based on our outpatient clinic experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Takao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Internal Medicine, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), National Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohira
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Internal Medicine, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), National Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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AlZahrani F, Perlau MJ, Fiorillo L. Alopecia areata and subsequent Marie Antoinette syndrome following COVID-19 infection and vaccination: A case report. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2023; 11:2050313X231152065. [PMID: 36942081 PMCID: PMC10020849 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x231152065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous cutaneous manifestations related to the COVID-19 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) viral infection have been reported in literature. In this case report, we describe two acute hair-associated manifestations-the first being alopecia areata and the second is a case of Marie Antoinette syndrome or Canities subita where all the scalp hair has become white almost overnight. Both entities of hair changes were seen in the same patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmah AlZahrani
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of
Medicine and Dentistry, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Fatmah AlZahrani, Division of Dermatology,
Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, 1919 E. Thomas
Road, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA.
| | - Michaela J Perlau
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of
Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Loretta Fiorillo
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of
Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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11
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Vano-Galvan S. Hair and scalp-related disorders are a trending topic in dermatology, with a significant increase in number of consultations in the last decade. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:16-17. [PMID: 36515375 PMCID: PMC10107354 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Vano-Galvan
- Trichology Unit, Dermatology Department, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, IRYCIS, University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain.,Trichology and Hair Transplantation Unit at Grupo Pedro Jaen Clinic, Madrid, Spain.,Secretary General of the European Hair Research Society, https://ehrs.org/
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12
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Bostan E, Cakir A. The Effect of Covid-19 on the Hair Diseases Observed in Health Care Providers: Analysis of 513 Participants. Dermatol Pract Concept 2023; 13:dpc.1301a36. [PMID: 36892342 PMCID: PMC9946114 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1301a36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Covid-19 pandemic has been shown to have major acute and chronic impacts on the skin. Various studies reported that there has been an increase in the number of patients referred to outpatient dermatology clinics with the complaint of variable hair diseases during the era of Covid-19. Hair seems to be substantially affected by both the infection itself and anxiety/stress provoked by the pandemic. Therefore, understanding the impact of Covid-19 on the clinical course of variable hair diseases has become a major concern in dermatology practice. OBJECTIVES To examine the frequency and types of various hair diseases, both new-onset and ingravescent, observed in healthcare providers. METHODS A web-based questionnaire related to the hair diseases seen in healthcare providers both prior to the Covid-19 pandemic and after the start of the pandemic was created. The type of both new-onset and pre-existing hair diseases and ongoing hair diseases observed during Covid-19 were investigated. RESULTS A total number of 513 participants were included in the study. One hundred seventy cases were diagnosed with Covid-19. During the Covid-19 pandemic, 228 reported having at least one hair disease; the most common one being telogen effluvium, followed by hair greying and seborrheic dermatitis. There was a statistically significant relationship between the presence of a new-onset hair disease during the pandemic and being diagnosed with Covid-19 (p=0.004). CONCLUSION Our study shows that Covid-19 infection has a significant impact on the emergence of new-onset hair diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Bostan
- Cihanbeyli State Hospital, Dermatology and Venereology Clinic, Konya, Turkey
| | - Aysel Cakir
- Lokman Hekim Atay Hospital, Dermatology and Venereology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey
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13
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Abushukur Y, Mansour M, Rehman R, Rida A, Daveluy S. A systematic review of hair loss as a consequence of COVID-19 infection. Int J Dermatol 2022:10.1111/ijd.16542. [PMID: 36468790 PMCID: PMC9877680 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Abushukur
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of MedicineRochesterMIUSA
| | - Meghan Mansour
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of MedicineRochesterMIUSA
| | - Rafey Rehman
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of MedicineRochesterMIUSA,Department of DermatologyWayne State UniversityDearbornMIUSA
| | - Ali Rida
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of MedicineRochesterMIUSA
| | - Steven Daveluy
- Department of DermatologyWayne State UniversityDearbornMIUSA
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14
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Desai AD, Falotico JM, McMahon DE, Freeman EE, French LE, Lipner SR. Hair and nail reactions represent a small proportion of all COVID-19 dermatologic reactions in an analysis of an international COVID-19 dermatological registry. Int J Dermatol 2022:10.1111/ijd.16499. [PMID: 36371710 PMCID: PMC9877566 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Devon E. McMahon
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Esther E. Freeman
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA,Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan InstituteMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Lars E. French
- Department of Dermatology, University HospitalMunich University of Ludwig MaximilianMunichGermany
| | - Shari R. Lipner
- Weill Cornell MedicineDepartment of DermatologyNew YorkNYUSA
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15
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Singh R, Freeman EE. Viruses, Variants, and Vaccines: How COVID-19 Has Changed the Way We Look at Skin. CURRENT DERMATOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 11:289-312. [PMID: 36274754 PMCID: PMC9574791 DOI: 10.1007/s13671-022-00370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rhea Singh
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 50 Staniford St, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA USA
| | - Esther E. Freeman
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 50 Staniford St, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
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16
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Alkeraye S, Alrashidi A, Alotaibi NS, Almajli N, Alkhalifah B, Bajunaid N, Alharthi R, AlKaff T, Alharbi K. The Association Between Hair Loss and COVID-19: The Impact of Hair Loss After COVID-19 Infection on the Quality of Life Among Residents in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2022; 14:e30266. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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17
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Alharbi M. Telogen effluvium after COVID-19 vaccination among public in Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:6056-6060. [PMID: 36618187 PMCID: PMC9810877 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_377_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Number of reports linked Telogen effluvium to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, data about Telogen effluvium after COVID-19 vaccination are limited. Objectives To estimate prevalence of Telogen effluvium among those who received COVID-19 vaccination. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed during July 2021. Adults who received one of recognized COVID-19 vaccine irrespective of previous COVID-19 infection were asked to fill a questionnaire. Results The majority of participants were females (90.3%). The most common age group was between 21 and 30 years (51.9%). Out of 991 participants who were included in the current analysis, 670 (67.6%) reported post-vaccination hair fall. The probable causes of post-vaccination hair fall were vaccine-related in 185 (27.6%) participants, other causes in 326 (48.7%) participants, and unclear in 326 (48.7%) participants. Post-vaccination hair fall was significantly higher among females compared with males (68.5% versus 57.9%, P = 0.036), those who did not suffer compared with those who suffered from hair fall before vaccination (72.1% versus 63.4%, P = 0.003), and those who did not report compared with those who reported preexisting conditions that might be related to hair fall (74.5% versus 57.3%, P < 0.001). Conclusion We are reporting a high prevalence of post-vaccination hair fall, which affected approximately two-thirds of participants who received COVID-19 vaccines. Only 28% of these participants were apparently vaccine related. The role of COVID-19 infection and stress caused by infection and vaccine cannot be excluded. Primary care physician and dermatologist need to consider the possibility of COVID-19 vaccine as a potential cause of hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Alharbi
- Dermatology Department, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Dr. Mana Alharbi, Dermatology Department, College of Medicine, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia. E-mail: ;
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18
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Strahm C, Seneghini M, Güsewell S, Egger T, Leal-Neto O, Brucher A, Lemmenmeier E, Meier Kleeb D, Möller JC, Rieder P, Ruetti M, Rutz R, Schmid HR, Stocker R, Vuichard-Gysin D, Wiggli B, Besold U, Kuster SP, McGeer A, Risch L, Friedl A, Schlegel M, Schmid D, Vernazza P, Kahlert CR, Kohler P. Symptoms Compatible With Long Coronavirus Disease (COVID) in Healthcare Workers With and Without Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection-Results of a Prospective Multicenter Cohort. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:e1011-e1019. [PMID: 35090015 PMCID: PMC9383387 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of long-term symptoms (ie, long COVID) in patients after mild COVID-19 is debated. Within a cohort of healthcare workers (HCWs), frequency and risk factors for symptoms compatible with long COVID are assessed. METHODS Participants answered baseline (August/September 2020) and weekly questionnaires on SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) results and acute disease symptoms. In January 2021, SARS-CoV-2 serology was performed; in March, symptoms compatible with long COVID (including psychometric scores) were asked and compared between HCWs with positive NPS, seropositive HCWs without positive NPS (presumable asymptomatic/pauci-symptomatic infections), and negative controls. The effect of time since diagnosis and quantitative anti-spike protein antibodies (anti-S) was evaluated. Poisson regression was used to identify risk factors for symptom occurrence. RESULTS Of 3334 HCWs (median, 41 years; 80% female), 556 (17%) had a positive NPS and 228 (7%) were only seropositive. HCWs with positive NPS more frequently reported ≥1 symptom compared with controls (73% vs 52%, P < .001); seropositive HCWs without positive NPS did not score higher than controls (58% vs 52%, P = .13), although impaired taste/olfaction (16% vs 6%, P < .001) and hair loss (17% vs 10%, P = .004) were more common. Exhaustion/burnout was reported by 24% of negative controls. Many symptoms remained elevated in those diagnosed >6 months ago; anti-S titers correlated with high symptom scores. Acute viral symptoms in weekly questionnaires best predicted long-COVID symptoms. Physical activity at baseline was negatively associated with neurocognitive impairment and fatigue scores. CONCLUSIONS Seropositive HCWs without positive NPS are only mildly affected by long COVID. Exhaustion/burnout is common, even in noninfected HCWs. Physical activity might be protective against neurocognitive impairment/fatigue symptoms after COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Strahm
- Correspondence: C. Strahm, Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, Rorschacherstrasse 95, 9011 St Gallen, Switzerland ()
| | - Marco Seneghini
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Güsewell
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Egger
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Onicio Leal-Neto
- Epitrack, Recife, Brazil
- Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angela Brucher
- Psychiatry Services of the Canton of St Gallen (South), St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Eva Lemmenmeier
- Clienia Littenheid AG, Private Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Littenheid, Switzerland
| | | | - J Carsten Möller
- Center for Neurological Rehabilitation, Zihlschlacht, Switzerland
| | | | - Markus Ruetti
- Fuerstenland Toggenburg Hospital Group, Wil, Switzerland
| | - Remus Rutz
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Danielle Vuichard-Gysin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Thurgau Hospital Group, Muensterlingen, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt Wiggli
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Kantonsspital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | | | - Stefan P Kuster
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
- Federal Office of Public Health, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Lorenz Risch
- Labormedizinisches Zentrum Dr Risch Ostschweiz AG, Buchs, Switzerland
- Private Universität im Fürstentum Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrée Friedl
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Kantonsspital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Schlegel
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar Schmid
- Clinic for Psychosomatic and Consultation Psychiatry, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Pietro Vernazza
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
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19
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Gentile P. Hair Loss and Telogen Effluvium Related to COVID-19: The Potential Implication of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma as Regenerative Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169116. [PMID: 36012383 PMCID: PMC9409133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The diffusion of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inducing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has increased the incidence of several dermatological disorders, including hair loss (HL). This article aims to review the literature regarding the incidence of HL and telogen effluvium (TE) in COVID-19 patients and critically appraise the available evidence regarding the role of regenerative strategies like Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) and Human Follicle Stem Cells (HFSCs). A literature review regarding the correlation of HL and TE in COVID-19 patients analyzing the biomolecular pathway involved and the role of regenerative strategies was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, PreMEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane databases. Observational studies revealed an escalated incidence of pattern HL and TE in COVID-19 patients. Psychological stress, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress are potential culprits. Proinflammatory cytokines and stress hormones negatively affect the normal metabolism of proteoglycans. Reduced anagenic expression of proteoglycans is a potential mediating mechanism that connects HL to COVID-19. Currently, only one study has been published on PRP against HL in COVID-19 patients. Further controlled trials are required to confirm PRP and HFSCs efficacy in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Gentile
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Science, "Tor Vergata" University, 00133 Rome, Italy
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20
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Czech T, Sugihara S, Nishimura Y. Characteristics of Hair Loss after COVID-19: Systematic Scoping Review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:3655-3662. [PMID: 35801366 PMCID: PMC9349634 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
While there are literature reporting increased incidence of hair loss in COVID-19 patients, insufficient evidence exists on the topic to date. This review aims to identify the existing evidence and clinical characteristics of hair loss with COVID-19 infection. Following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for all peer-reviewed articles with relevant keywords including "Alopecia", "Telogen Effluvium (TE)" and "COVID-19" from their inception to November 20, 2021. A total of 26 articles, with 9 observational studies and 17 case reports or series (total of 58 cases) were included. Most studies dealt with TE. There were no clear trends between COVID-19 severity and the extent of hair loss. Analysis of the 58 cases also found similar results with most of the cases being female (82.8%), the median onset of hair loss of 2.0 months, and the median time to recovery of hair loss of 5.0 months with a resolution rate of 95%. While this systematic review revealed uncertainty and a lack of strong evidence regarding the association of COVID-19 and hair loss, hair loss in COVID-19 may mainly include TE and be reversible in nature. Future studies are warranted to determine the detailed pathophysiology and risk factors of hair loss in COVID-19, including possible roles of estrogen, progesterone, and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torrey Czech
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Satoru Sugihara
- Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshito Nishimura
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
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21
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COVID-19-induced Scalp Alopecia Treated Effectively with Stem Cell Serum. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2022; 10:e4423. [PMID: 35733924 PMCID: PMC9208741 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Up to 36.7% of symptomatic COVID-19 patients will have telogen effluvium (TE), which refers to diffuse scalp alopecia. With the continuing global pandemic, a review of literature reports unpredictable and incomplete recovery with conventional treatment like minoxidil. The pathogenesis of COVID-19-induced TE may be more severe than that of conventional TE as the hair follicles are proposed to be directly damaged by cytokines and thromboembolism. There is no current standardized treatment for COVID-19-induced TE. We present a patient with severe chronic TE, with no spontaneous recovery after 6 months of hair loss and minimal response to minoxidil. We commenced monthly applications of stem cell serum (Calecim). We present the results of five treatments spaced monthly, after which he experienced effective regrowth of scalp hair. We propose stem cell serum for patients who have failed conventional treatment or as an adjunct to conventional therapy in COVID-19-induced TE.
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22
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Miyazato Y, Tsuzuki S, Morioka S, Terada M, Kutsuna S, Saito S, Shimanishi Y, Takahashi K, Sanada M, Akashi M, Kuge C, Osanai Y, Tanaka K, Suzuki M, Hayakawa K, Ohmagari N. Factors associated with development and persistence of post-COVID conditions: A cross-sectional study. J Infect Chemother 2022; 28:1242-1248. [PMID: 35595598 PMCID: PMC9114006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The post-COVID condition has become a social concern. Although the patient characteristics associated with the development of this condition are partially known, those associated with its persistence have not been identified. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey among patients who had recovered from COVID-19 and visited the National Center for Global Health and Medicine between February 2021 and March 2021. Demographic and clinical data, and data regarding the presence and duration of post-COVID conditions were obtained. We identified factors associated with the development and persistence of post-COVID conditions using multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses, respectively. RESULTS We analyzed 457 of 526 responses (response rate, 86.9%). The median patient age was 47 years. Of these, 378 patients (84.4%) had mild disease in the acute phase. The number of patients with symptoms at 6 and 12 months after onset or diagnosis was 120 (26.3%) and 40 (8.8%), respectively. Women were at risk of developing fatigue (odds ratio [OR]: 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-3.14), dysosmia (OR: 1.91, 95%CI: 1.24-2.93), dysgeusia (OR: 1.56, 95%CI: 1.02-2.39), hair loss (OR: 3.00, 95%CI: 1.77-5.09), and persistence of any symptoms (coefficient: 38.0, 95%CI: 13.3-62.8). Younger age and low body mass index were factors for developing dysosmia (OR: 0.96, 95%CI: 0.94-0.98 and OR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.89-0.99, respectively) and dysgeusia (OR: 0.98, 95%CI: 0.96-1.00 and OR: 0.93, 95%CI: 0.88-0.98, respectively). CONCLUSION We identified factors involved in the development and persistence of post-COVID conditions. Many patients, even those with mild conditions, experience long-term residual symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Miyazato
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shinya Tsuzuki
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Shinichiro Morioka
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Mari Terada
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kutsuna
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sho Saito
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yumiko Shimanishi
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kozue Takahashi
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Sanada
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masako Akashi
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chika Kuge
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Osanai
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Tanaka
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Suzuki
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kayoko Hayakawa
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Popescu MN, Berteanu M, Beiu C, Popa LG, Mihai MM, Iliescu MG, Stănescu AMA, Ionescu AM. Complementary Strategies to Promote Hair Regrowth in Post-COVID-19 Telogen Effluvium. CLINICAL, COSMETIC AND INVESTIGATIONAL DERMATOLOGY 2022; 15:735-743. [PMID: 35497690 PMCID: PMC9042074 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s359052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Post-COVID-19 telogen effluvium has been largely reported as a sequela in the post-acute phase of COVID-19, causing major emotional distress among the affected patients. The affected individuals are further exposed to a vast amount of misinformation from the internet and social media and it is important for physicians to be familiar with the phenomenon and provide appropriate counselling to their patients regarding this condition. This article aims to review the evidence-based complementary strategies that can help enhance hair regrowth after post-COVID-19 hair loss, from psychological support and patient education to the importance of optimal nutrition and potential indications and benefits of oral nutritional supplementation, as well as the role of both topical and injectable hair growth stimulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Nicolae Popescu
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine-Elias Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Berteanu
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine-Elias Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Beiu
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology-Elias Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Gabriela Popa
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology-Elias Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mara Mădălina Mihai
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology-Elias Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Anca Mirela Ionescu
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Yıldırım SK, Erbağcı E, Demirel Öğüt N. Evaluation of patients with telogen effluvium during the pandemic: May the monocytesberesponsible for post COVID-19 telogen effluvium? J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:1809-1815. [PMID: 35201647 PMCID: PMC9115203 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Telogen effluvium (TE) is one of the causes of non‐scarring hair loss that occurred commonly 2–3 months after a triggering factor. It was reported that the incidence of TE increased during the COVID‐19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic. However, to date, there is no study evaluating the status of COVID‐19 before the onset of hair loss in patients with TE. The aim of this study is to evaluate the patients with TE whether they had COVID‐19 or not before the onset of their hair loss and to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters of those with and without a history of COVID‐19. Method We conducted an observational cohort study of TE patients. The diagnosis of TE depended on anamnesis and physical examination of the patients. Also, hair pull test was performed. Demographic data and the results of COVID‐19 real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) were recorded from the electronic medical records. Results Totally, 181 patients with TE were included in the study. Sixty‐four of patients (35.4%) had been diagnosed with COVID‐19 before the hair loss started. The median duration of development of hair loss was 2 months (range 1–11 months, IQR 3) after COVID‐19 diagnosis. In this group, 87.5% of patients (n = 56) had acute TE and 12.5% of patients (n = 8) had chronic TE. The rate of acute TE and the use of vitamin supplements were ignificantly higher (p < 0.001 and p = 0.027, respectively) and the monocyte count in peripheral blood was lower (p = 0.041) in the group diagnosed with COVID‐19. Discussion and Conclusion It was stated that monocytes and macrophages infected by SARS‐CoV‐2 can produce pro‐inflammatory cytokines that play a crucial role in the development of COVID‐19‐related complications. Also, it was suggested that the number of monocytes tends to be lower in the late recovery stage. The lower monocyte count in patients with a history of COVID‐19 in our study may be related to evaluating the patients in the late period of recovery and the migration of circulating monocytes to hair follicles. The history of COVID‐19 must be questioned in patients with TE. It should be kept in mind that hair loss that develops after COVID‐19 may be presented as chronic TE form too. The exact mechanisms of hair loss induced by COVID‐19 are not fully explained; the roles of monocytes on the hair follicles may be one of the responsible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Koç Yıldırım
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Uşak University Training and Research Hospital, Uşak, Turkey
| | - Ece Erbağcı
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Uşak University Training and Research Hospital, Uşak, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Demirel Öğüt
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Uşak University Training and Research Hospital, Uşak, Turkey
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25
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Nguyen B, Tosti A. Alopecia in COVID-19 Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAAD Int 2022; 7:67-77. [PMID: 35224518 PMCID: PMC8860672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdin.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is associated with androgenetic alopecia (AGA), telogen effluvium (TE), and alopecia areata (AA). No studies have analyzed the aggregate data to date. Objective We conducted a systematic review to characterize the types, incidence, timing, and clinical outcomes of COVID-19–associated alopecia. Methods We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase for articles published between November 2019 and August 2021 using the key words “alopecia” or “hair” and COVID-19–related search terms, identifying 41 original articles describing patients with alopecia and COVID-19. Results The current review included 1826 patients with alopecia and COVID-19 (mean age, 54.5 years; 54.3% male). The most common types of alopecia identified were AGA (30.7%, 86.4% male), TE (19.8%, 19.3% male), and AA (7.8%, 40.0% male). AGA preceded COVID-19 symptoms. TE was usually newly triggered by COVID-19 (93.6%). AA usually occurred in patients with preexisting disease (95.1%). Limitations Definitions of COVID-19 onset varied. Studies differed in methodology and were susceptible to reporting and sampling bias. Studies with large sample sizes may exert a disproportionate influence on data. Conclusion AGA may be a risk factor for severe COVID-19, whereas TE presents as a sequela of COVID-19. AA generally occurs as a relapse in patients with preexisting alopecia.
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Müller-Ramos P, Ianhez M, Silva de Castro CC, Talhari C, Criado PR, Amante Miot H. Post-COVID-19 hair loss: prevalence and associated factors among 5,891 patients. Int J Dermatol 2022; 61:e162-e164. [PMID: 35080250 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Arora S, Singh GK, Das P, Rahman R, Bellad P, Shrivastav R, Bahuguna A, Sapra D, Gupta A. A study of COVID‐19 vaccine (Covishield) induced dermatological adverse effects from India. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:e402-e404. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Arora
- Department of Dermatology Base Hospital Delhi Cantt & Army College of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - G K Singh
- Department of Dermatology Base Hospital Delhi Cantt & Army College of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - P Das
- Department of Dermatology Base Hospital Delhi Cantt & Army College of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - R Rahman
- Department of Physiology Base Hospital Delhi Cantt & Army College of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - P Bellad
- Department of Dermatology Base Hospital Delhi Cantt & Army College of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | | | - Amit Bahuguna
- Department of Dermatology Base Hospital Delhi Cantt & Army College of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Devyani Sapra
- Department of Dermatology Base Hospital Delhi Cantt & Army College of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Akanksha Gupta
- Department of Dermatology Base Hospital Delhi Cantt & Army College of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
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Tammaro A, Adebanjo GAR, Parisella FR, Luzi F, Scarabello A. The hair and nail manifestations of COVID-19. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:1339-1346. [PMID: 35032337 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Emerging literature evidence shows that the manifestations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, encompass alterations of the pulmonary, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and neurological system. Moreover, hematologic and dermatologic manifestations have been documented. The aim of this review is to summarize the dermatologic manifestations of COVID-19 involving the hair and nails in a narrative way. A total of 1136 patients have been reported to have de-novo hair loss following COVID-19. Notably, 958 patients experienced telogen effluvium (TE) (female/male ratio = 3,86:1), two female patients experienced anagen effluvium and 176 people had alopecia areata (female/male ratio of 19:3). Ten patients were reported to have ungual changes following the infection with the novel coronavirus: the individuals affected were 6 women and 4 men. COVID-19 can be associated to hair and ungual manifestations. This review summarizes the evidence regarding the hair and ungual manifestations of COVID-19, which could be harnessed to better understand the clinical implications and pathophysiology of this disease that has been burdening society globally since December 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Tammaro
- NESMOS Dermatology Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabiola Luzi
- NESMOS Dermatology Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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29
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Gallo G, Mastorino L, Tonella L, Ribero S, Quaglino P. Alopecia areata after COVID-19 vaccination. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2022; 11:129-132. [PMID: 35223675 PMCID: PMC8844677 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2022.11.1.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are authorized for use in numerous countries worldwide. Several cutaneous findings are reported after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) vaccination. Here, we report the case of a patient with a rapid onset of alopecia areata immediately after receiving the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Alopecia areata is a common autoimmune disease leading to non-scarring hair loss. Among the many cutaneous adverse effects reported after the anti-SARS-COV2 vaccination, no episodes of alopecia areata have been described to date. In this paper, we report the first case of alopecia areata after COVID-19 vaccination described in the literature with a revision of cases of alopecia areata reported after other types of vaccination. Although the significance of these skin reactions is not yet known, further studies will certainly clarify whether the development of alopecia areata or other forms of immune-mediated reactions could represent a positive prognostic factor regarding immune protection from SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gallo
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Mastorino
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Tonella
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Simone Ribero
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pietro Quaglino
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Hussain N, Agarwala P, Iqbal K, Omar HMS, Jangid G, Patel V, Rathore SS, Kumari C, Velasquez‐Botero F, López GAB, Vishwakarma Y, Nipu AP, Ahmed NK. A systematic review of acute telogen effluvium, a harrowing post‐COVID‐19 manifestation. J Med Virol 2021; 94:1391-1401. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Hussain
- Saba University School of Medicine The Bottom The Netherlands
| | | | - Kinza Iqbal
- Department of Internal Medicine Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan
| | | | - Gurusha Jangid
- Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College Jodhpur Rajasthan India
| | - Vraj Patel
- Smt NHL Municipal Medical College Ahmedabad Gujarat India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Noman Khurshid Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan
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31
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Thakur V, Bisht YS, Sethi S, Jindal R. Red nail bands in conjunction with telogen effluvium as a post-COVID-19 phenomenon. Australas J Dermatol 2021; 63:141-142. [PMID: 34958136 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Thakur
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, India
| | - Yashwant Singh Bisht
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, India
| | - Sheenam Sethi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, India
| | - Rashmi Jindal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, India
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32
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Miola AC, Florêncio LC, Ribeiro MEB, Alcântara GP, Ramos PM, Miot HA. Early onset effluvium secondary to COVID-19: A clinical and histological characterization. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 86:e207-e208. [PMID: 34906662 PMCID: PMC8665661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Starace M, Iorizzo M, Sechi A, Alessandrini AM, Carpanese M, Bruni F, Vara G, Apalla Z, Asz-Sigall D, Barruscotti S, Camacho F, Doche I, Estrada BD, Dhurat R, Gavazzoni MF, Grimalt R, Harries M, Ioannidis D, McMichael A, Melo DF, Oliveira R, Ovcharenko Y, Pirmez R, Ramot Y, Rudnicka L, Shapiro J, Silyuk T, Sinclair R, Tosti A, Vano-Galvan S, Piraccini BM. Trichodynia and telogen effluvium in COVID-19 patients: Results of an international expert opinion survey on diagnosis and management. JAAD Int 2021; 5:11-18. [PMID: 34368790 PMCID: PMC8328568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdin.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 may be useful disease markers and prognostic indicators. Recently, postinfectious telogen effluvium and trichodynia have also been reported. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the presence of trichodynia and telogen effluvium in patients with COVID-19 and describe their characteristics in relation to the other signs and symptoms of the disease. METHODS Patients with a history of COVID-19 presenting to the clinics of a group of hair experts because of telogen effluvium and/or scalp symptoms were questioned about their hair signs and symptoms in relation to the severity of COVID-19 and associated symptoms. RESULTS Data from 128 patients were collected. Telogen effluvium was observed in 66.3% of the patients and trichodynia in 58.4%. Trichodynia was associated with telogen effluvium in 42.4% of the cases and anosmia and ageusia in 66.1% and 44.1% of the cases, respectively. In majority (62.5%) of the patients, the hair signs and symptoms started within the first month after COVID-19 diagnosis, and in 47.8% of the patients, these started after 12 weeks or more. LIMITATIONS The recruitment of patients in specialized hair clinics, lack of a control group, and lack of recording of patient comorbidities. CONCLUSION The severity of postviral telogen effluvium observed in patients with a history of COVID-19 infection may be influenced by COVID-19 severity. We identified early-onset (<4 weeks) and late-onset (>12 weeks) telogen effluvium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Starace
- Dermatology-IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matilde Iorizzo
- Private Dermatology Practice, Lugano/Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Sechi
- Dermatology-IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurora Maria Alessandrini
- Dermatology-IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Miriam Carpanese
- Dermatology-IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Bruni
- Dermatology-IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulio Vara
- Radiology Unit, Policlinico Sant'Orsola, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Zoe Apalla
- Second Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Stefania Barruscotti
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Science, Institute of Dermatology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francisco Camacho
- University of Seville, Medical-Surgical Dermatology Department, University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Isabella Doche
- Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Duque Estrada
- Centro de Estudos dos Cabelos, Instituto de Dermatologia Prof. Rubem D Azulay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rachita Dhurat
- Department of Dermatology, LTM Medical College & Hospital Sion, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Ramon Grimalt
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, UIC-Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del `Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matthew Harries
- Department of Dermatology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitrios Ioannidis
- Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Aristotle University Medical School, Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Amy McMichael
- Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Daniel Fernandes Melo
- Department of Dermatology, University of State of Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rui Oliveira
- Trichology Unit, Dermatology Center CUF Descobertas Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Yuliya Ovcharenko
- Department of General and Clinical Immunology and Allergology, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Medical School, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Rodrigo Pirmez
- Centro de Estudos dos Cabelos, Instituto de Dermatologia Prof. Rubem D Azulay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yuval Ramot
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lidia Rudnicka
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerry Shapiro
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, New York
| | - Tatiana Silyuk
- Hair Treatment and Transplantation Center, Private Practice, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Antonella Tosti
- Fredric Brandt Endowed Professor of Dermatology, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Sergio Vano-Galvan
- Dermatology Department, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, IRYCIS, University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bianca Maria Piraccini
- Dermatology-IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Seque CA, Enokihara MMSES, Porro AM, Tomimori J. Skin manifestations associated with COVID-19. An Bras Dermatol 2021; 97:75-88. [PMID: 34857407 PMCID: PMC8577992 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This article will address the main aspects of skin manifestations associated with COVID-19, based on a review of the literature published to date. Since the beginning of the pandemic, more than 1,500 articles have been published on the subject. Regarding the pathophysiology, it is believed that the same mechanisms responsible for the disease in the main target organs also act in the skin, although they are not yet fully elucidated. The actual frequency of dermatological manifestations remains uncertain – it can range from 0.2% to 45%, being close to 6% in systematic reviews. Pioneering studies of large case series conducted in European countries and the USA provide the first information on the main skin manifestations associated with COVID-19 and propose classifications regarding their clinical presentation, pathophysiology, as well as their frequencies. Although there is yet no consensus, maculopapular eruptions are considered the most frequent presentations, followed by erythema pernio-like (EPL) lesions. Manifestations such as urticaria, vesicular conditions and livedo/purpura/necrosis are rare. The time of onset, severity, need for specific treatment and prognosis vary according to the clinical presentation pattern. The increasing histopathological description of skin conditions can contribute to the diagnosis, as well as to the understanding of the pathophysiology. Also, in the dermatological field, the relationship between COVID-19 and androgens has been increasingly studied. Despite all the generated knowledge, the actual biological meaning of skin manifestations remains uncertain. Therefore, the exclusion of the main differential diagnoses is essential for the correlation between skin manifestation and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Arai Seque
- Department of Dermatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Adriana Maria Porro
- Department of Dermatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jane Tomimori
- Department of Dermatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Babaei K, Kavoussi H, Rezaei M, Kavoussi R. Characteristics of telogen effluvium in COVID-19 in western Iran (2020). An Bras Dermatol 2021; 96:688-692. [PMID: 34593265 PMCID: PMC8440166 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although COVID-19 pandemic significantly induces mortality, many of the patients who recovered present other medical problems such as alopecias. Telogen effluvium is a common alopecia that is usually related to previous events such as acute febrile diseases, including COVID-19. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the characteristics of telogen effluvium in COVID-19. METHOD This cross-sectional study was carried out on 526 patients with documented telogen effluvium that recovered from COVID-19. Demographic data, concurrent alopecia, associated diseases, and COVID-19 severity were recorded. Data were analyzed by appropriate statistical methods. RESULTS The mean age of the 526 patients (410 females, 116 males) was 30.97 ± 9.592 years, with 7.65 ± 1.739 weeks of mean time of alopecia onset. Vitamin D deficiency (24.3%), androgenetic alopecia (78.2%), and grade III COVID-19 severity were the most common findings. Alopecia onset was significantly earlier in the younger age group, females, in hypothyroidism, and more severe coronavirus infection. Higher grade coronavirus infection was significantly seen in males, higher ages, earlier onset, and androgenic alopecia. STUDY LIMITATIONS Performing a single-center study and considering limited variables. CONCLUSION Although Coronavirus 2 infection can be an important factor in telogen effluvium induction, other factors such as associated diseases, drug intake and emotional stress may also be involved. In the cases of early onset of alopecia, concomitant diseases such as hypothyroidism and severe coronavirus infection can occur, thus, the presence of various factors in telogen effluvium induction should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Babaei
- Dermatology Department, Hajdaie Dermatology Clinic, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hossein Kavoussi
- Dermatology Department, Hajdaie Dermatology Clinic, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mansour Rezaei
- Health School, Family Health Research Center of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Kavoussi
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
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Aksoy H, Yıldırım UM, Ergen P, Gürel MS. COVID-19 induced telogen effluvium. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e15175. [PMID: 34708909 PMCID: PMC8646871 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
COVID‐19 is a febrile, infectious illness that has previously been associated with telogen effluvium (TE). However, to date, no study has been conducted to determine the incidence of TE in those who have had COVID‐19. To assess the frequency of TE in post‐COVID‐19 patients and the correlation between the development of TE and the severity of COVID‐19, to understand whether emotional stress or medications are responsible for the development of TE. Totally 204 patients with a history of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the last 3 months were included in the study. The diagnosis of TE was made by history of excessive hair shedding, hair pull test, diffuse or bitemporal thinning, and absence of anisotrichosis in trichoscopy. Patients who did not have any TE cause other than COVID‐19 and whose hair loss started after COVID‐19 were considered as “COVID‐19 associated TE (CATE).” We found TE in 75 (36.7%) cases and androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in 85 (41.7%) cases. CATE was present in 27.9% of cases and developed on average 53.76 (± 23.772) days after COVID‐19 real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) positivity. The proportion of patients with CATE was numerically higher in hospitalized patients compared to outpatients (31.7% vs. 24.3%; p = 0.238); and significantly higher in women compared to men (42.3% vs. 6.2%; p < 0.001), in patients with hypertension compared to those without hypertension (40.4% vs. 23.1%; p = 0.014), and in patients who had respiratory symptoms compared to those who had not (31.7% vs. 14.0%; p = 0.021). The patients with and without CATE were similar in terms of stress level and usage of COVID‐19 medications. Patients with AGA had a higher rate of hospitalization (69.4% vs. 35.3%; p < 0.001) and a higher incidence of fever (69.4% vs. 54.6%; p = 0.033) during COVID‐19, compared to those without. TE developed in approximately one‐quarter of people who have had COVID‐19, and our study is the first to detect it. The time to onset of CATE, which was 7–8 weeks after the SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐PCR positivity, was not much different from post‐infectious TE. Patients with severe COVID‐19 seem to be more prone to develop TE. The presence of AGA is associated with a more severe COVID‐19. During the pandemic, clinicians should consider a previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in patients presenting with hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Aksoy
- Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Mert Yıldırım
- Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Ergen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Salih Gürel
- Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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Freeman EE, Chamberlin GC, McMahon DE, Hruza GJ, Wall D, Meah N, Sinclair R, Balogh EA, Feldman SR, Lowes MA, Marzano AV, Naik HB, Castelo-Soccio L, Lara-Corrales I, Cordoro KM, Mahil SK, Griffiths CEM, Smith CH, Irvine AD, Spuls PI, Flohr C, French LE. Dermatology COVID-19 Registries: Updates and Future Directions. Dermatol Clin 2021; 39:575-585. [PMID: 34556247 PMCID: PMC8165090 DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther E Freeman
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Grace C Chamberlin
- Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Devon E McMahon
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - George J Hruza
- Department of Dermatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dmitri Wall
- Hair Restoration Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland; National and International Skin Registry Solutions (NISR), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nekma Meah
- St Helens & Knowsley NHS Trust, Marshalls Cross Road, St. Helens WA9 3DA, UK; Manchester University, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Rodney Sinclair
- Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Esther A Balogh
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Steven R Feldman
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Angelo V Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Haley B Naik
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Leslie Castelo-Soccio
- Section of Pediatric Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Irene Lara-Corrales
- Section of Pediatric Dermatology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kelly M Cordoro
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Satveer K Mahil
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London and Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Christopher E M Griffiths
- Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal Hospital, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Catherine H Smith
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London and Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alan D Irvine
- Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Phyllis I Spuls
- Department of Dermatology, Public Health and Epidemiology; Immunity and Infections, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carsten Flohr
- Unit for Population-Based Dermatology Research, St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London and Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Munich University of Ludwig Maximilian, Munich, Germany; Dr. Philip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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38
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Hennig V, Schuh W, Neubert A, Mielenz D, Jäck HM, Schneider H. Increased risk of chronic fatigue and hair loss following COVID-19 in individuals with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:373. [PMID: 34479575 PMCID: PMC8414461 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-02011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a group of genodermatoses in which deficient ectodysplasin A signalling leads to maldevelopment of skin appendages, various eccrine glands, and teeth. Individuals with HED often have disrupted epithelial barriers and, therefore, were suspected to be more susceptible to coronavirus infection. METHODS 56 households with at least one member who had coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) were enrolled in a longitudinal study to compare the course of illness, immune responses, and long-term consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in HED patients (n = 15, age 9-52 years) and control subjects of the same age group (n = 149). RESULTS In 14 HED patients, mild or moderate typical COVID-19 symptoms were observed that lasted for 4-45 days. Fever during the first days sometimes required external cooling measures. The course of COVID-19 was similar to that in control subjects if patients developed antibodies blocking the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Five out of six HED patients with completely abrogated ectodysplasin A signalling (83%) suffered from chronic, in two cases very severe fatigue following COVID-19, while only 25% of HED patients with residual activity of this pathway and 21% of control subjects recovering from COVID-19 experienced postinfectious fatigue. Hair loss after COVID-19 was also more frequent among HED patients (64%) than in the control group (13%). CONCLUSIONS HED appears to be associated with an increased risk of long-term consequences of a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Preventive vaccination against COVID-19 should be recommended for individuals affected by this rare genetic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Hennig
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Center for Ectodermal Dysplasias, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuh
- Division of Molecular Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antje Neubert
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk Mielenz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Jäck
- Division of Molecular Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Holm Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
- Center for Ectodermal Dysplasias, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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COVID-19 infection is a major cause of acute telogen effluvium. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:1677-1681. [PMID: 34467470 PMCID: PMC8407603 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute telogen effluvium is a non-scaring hair loss, usually occurs 3 months after the stressful event that causes hair shedding, and lasts up to 6 months. It can be associated with post COVID-19 infection. Objective To study the possible effects of COVID-19 on the hair growth cycle and the relationship between COVID-19 and acute telogen effluvium. Patients and methods This is an observational cross-sectional study that had been conducted during the period from September 2020 to March 2021 years. Thirty-nine patients with post COVID-19 hair loss are confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or antibody testing. Hair pull test was carried out to confirm the diagnosis and severity of telogen effluvium. Results Thirty-nine patients were evaluated; their ages ranged from 22 to 67 years with a mean and SD of 41.3 ± 11.6 years with 36 (92.3%) females and 3 (7.69%) males. All patients with a diagnosis of ATE were enrolled in this study and had a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection; 15 (38.46%) patients reported mild symptoms, 24 (61.53%) patients presented with moderate disease, and no patient required hospitalization. They all experienced excessive hair loss within 2–3 months after infection. Pull tests were strongly positive (> 10–50% with a mean of 35% of pulled hair away from scalp). Conclusion COVID-19 infection is now a frequent and a common cause of acute telogen effluvium. Hence, clinicians should be aware about the relation between this infection and this pattern of hair loss. Drugs that have been used for the treatment of COVID-19 were excluded as a cause of acute telogen effluvium.
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40
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Abrantes TF, Artounian KA, Falsey R, Simão JCL, Vañó-Galván S, Ferreira SB, Davis TL, Ridenour W, Goren A, Tosti A, Wambier CG. Time of onset and duration of post-COVID-19 acute telogen effluvium. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 85:975-976. [PMID: 34302903 PMCID: PMC8294706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana F Abrantes
- Department of Dermatology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | - Ryan Falsey
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; East Valley Dermatology Center, Chandler, Arizona
| | - João Carlos L Simão
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital das Clinicas University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Sergio Vañó-Galván
- Dermatology Service, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sineida B Ferreira
- Clínica Dermatologia Dra. Sineida Berbert Ferreira Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Tracy L Davis
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Dermpath Diagnostics, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Andy Goren
- Applied Biology, Inc, Irvine, California
| | - Antonella Tosti
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Carlos Gustavo Wambier
- Department of Dermatology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
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41
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Ustaoglu E. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic in dermatology outpatient clinics in Turkey: A survey study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:2382-2386. [PMID: 34133815 PMCID: PMC8447070 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially affected the healthcare systems around the world. It has also induced some changes in working habits at dermatology clinics. The majority of dermatology clinics limited the number of patients at outpatient clinics and postponed the elective procedures. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the working conditions and habits of dermatologists in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This is a survey study with seventeen questions in which two hundred fifteen dermatologists working in Turkey participated. RESULTS Our results revealed that 53.5% of the participants worked in the areas related to COVID-19 during the pandemic. The average number of dermatology outpatient days in a week was five among the 48.8% of dermatologists, 21.4% of those had three working days, and 18.1% of those had four days. During the pandemic, the most common reasons for referral to outpatient clinics were acne and acneiform eruptions (88.8%), dermatitis (73.5%), and hair loss (71.2%). Participants hesitated to use the following treatments: long-term systemic steroid (77.7%), cyclosporine (69.8%), and methotrexate (60%). CONCLUSION It is observed that the COVID-19 pandemic had affected the working habits and conditions of the dermatologists, which might be considered for the designing of new working approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Ustaoglu
- Dermatology Clinic, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
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42
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Patient Recovery from COVID-19 Infections: Follow-Up of Hair, Nail, and Cutaneous Manifestations. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5595016. [PMID: 34258268 PMCID: PMC8238562 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5595016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is a pandemic disease worldwide. Although cutaneous manifestations may present in affected patients, there have been limited studies on the cutaneous findings and hair and nail abnormalities after discharge. Objective To establish the cutaneous manifestations, hair and scalp disorders, and nail abnormalities in patients who recovered from COVID-19 infections. Methods A retrospective chart review and telephone interviews were conducted to determine the cutaneous manifestations, hair and scalp disorders, and nail abnormalities of patients aged over 18 years who were diagnosed with COVID-19 infections at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, between January and June 2020. Results Ninety-three patients with prior COVID-19 infections participated in the study. The COVID-19 severity had been mild for most (71%). Cutaneous manifestations were reported in 8 patients (8.6%), with the common skin conditions being maculopapular rash and urticaria. The onsets of the skin conditions were before admission (1%), during admission (4.3%), and after discharge (3.2%). Increased hair shedding was also reported in 22 patients (23.7%), with a female predominance. Three patients were affected during admission, while the others were affected after discharge. The patients with moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19 infections experienced significantly more hair shedding than those with asymptomatic and mild diseases. Only 2 patients with mild COVID-19 disease reported nail abnormalities (chromonychia and brittle nails). Conclusions Cutaneous manifestations, hair disorders, and nail abnormalities can occur in patients with COVID-19 after their discharge from hospital. Patients should therefore be followed up in anticipation of dermatological problems.
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43
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Akl J, El-Kehdy J, Salloum A, Benedetto A, Karam P. Skin disorders associated with the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:3105-3115. [PMID: 34077629 PMCID: PMC8242622 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction In December 2019, a new coronavirus has emerged out of China, the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, causing a disease known as COVID‐19, which steadily has progressed into a pandemic. This coronavirus affects many organs, including the skin, whose manifestations are a consequence of the disease itself, as well as the preventative measures taken to avoid the infection. This paper reviews the cutaneous manifestations which currently have been encountered during this pandemic. Methods A search was conducted on PubMed, and all relevant articles were included. Results The results show the occurrence of many cutaneous findings, ranging from those related to the infection itself and to various dermatitides related to the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) utilized by healthcare workers while attending to infected patients. Discussion Recognizing these findings is important for the accurate diagnosis of those infected with COVID‐19 as well as the prompt treatment of the side effects caused by PPE that might further impair the effectiveness of healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Akl
- Department of Dermatology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jessica El-Kehdy
- Department of Dermatology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Antoine Salloum
- Department of Dermatology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon.,Dermatologic SurgiCenter, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anthony Benedetto
- Dermatologic SurgiCenter, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paula Karam
- Department of Dermatology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
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44
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Lv S, Wang L, Zou X, Wang Z, Qu B, Lin W, Yang D. A Case of Acute Telogen Effluvium After SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:385-387. [PMID: 33889006 PMCID: PMC8057787 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s307982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
As the number of COVID-19 cases increasing, more and more patients are concerning about alopecia, a sequela after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We here report a case of a 38-year-old woman with a typical acute telogen effluvium (ATE) after recovery from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Lv
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Zou
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoquan Qu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Lin
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingquan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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45
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Rossi A, Magri F, Michelini S, Sernicola A, Muscianese M, Caro G, Di Fraia M, Chello C, Fortuna MC, Grieco T. New onset of alopecia areata in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection: Possible pathogenetic correlations? J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:2004-2005. [PMID: 33738910 PMCID: PMC8251072 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Rossi
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Magri
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Michelini
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alvise Sernicola
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Muscianese
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gemma Caro
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Di Fraia
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Chello
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Caterina Fortuna
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Grieco
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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