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Radhakrishna U, Ratnamala U, Jhala DD, Uppala LV, Vedangi A, Saiyed N, Patel M, Shah SR, Rawal RM, Jemec GBE, Mazza T, Mazzoccoli G, Damiani G. Deregulated Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNA) as Promising Biomarkers in Hidradenitis Suppurativa. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3016. [PMID: 38792557 PMCID: PMC11121919 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13103016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: In recent times, epigenetics alterations in Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) have been explored and exploited translationally to guide investigation of new therapeutic approaches. On the other hand, long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs), main regulators of the epigenetic status of the human genome, have been scarcely investigated, notwithstanding their potential relevance in broad pathogenesis comprehension. Here, we aim to explore the methylation pattern of lncRNAs in HS. Methods: In this case-control study, 24 HS patients and age-, sex- and BMI-matched controls were analyzed to characterize the methylome of lncRNA genes in peripheral blood cells. Gene ontology analysis (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and MCODE analysis were performed. Results: A set of fifteen lncRNA genes exhibited significantly differential methylation patterns, with ten of them showing hypomethylation and five displaying hypermethylation at specific CpG sites. The hypomethylated lncRNA genes were DLEU2, MESTIT1, CASC2, TUG1, KCNQ1DN, PSORS1C3, PCA3, DSCR8, RFPL1S, and PVT1, while the hypermethylated ones were HAR1A, FAM66B, SNHG9, HCG9, and HCP5. These lncRNA genes have been linked to various important biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, chronic inflammatory skin diseases, and wound healing. Their altered methylation status suggests potential roles in regulating these processes, and may contribute to HS pathogenesis and healing mechanisms. Conclusions: This study revealed an interesting dysregulation pattern of definite lncRNAs in the methylome which is linked to both the development of HS and its comorbidities. Epigenetically altered lncRNAs genes could represent useful biomarkers, and could help in guiding innovative treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uppala Radhakrishna
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Uppala Ratnamala
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India (R.M.R.)
| | - Devendrasinh D. Jhala
- Department of Zoology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Lavanya V. Uppala
- Peter Kiewit Institute, College of Information Science & Technology, The University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Aaren Vedangi
- Department of Clinical Research, KIMS ICON Hospital, ICON Krishi Institute Medical Sciences, Sheelanagar, Visakhapatnam 530012, India
| | - Nazia Saiyed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA
| | | | - Sushma R. Shah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, BJ Medical College Institute of Medical Post-Graduate Studies and Research, Ahmedabad 380016, India
| | - Rakesh M. Rawal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India (R.M.R.)
| | - Gregor B. E. Jemec
- Department of Dermatology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark;
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, Cappuccini Avenue, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Damiani
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Italian Center of Precision Medicine and Chronic Inflammation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Huynh FD, Damiani G, Bunick CG. Rethinking Hidradenitis Suppurativa Management: Insights into Bacterial Interactions and Treatment Evolution. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:268. [PMID: 38534703 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), or acne inversa, is a chronic inflammatory dermatological condition characterized by painful and recurrent nodules and purulent abscesses. HS can have a devastating impact on the quality of life of patients. This condition is commonly localized to the axilla, groin, perineal, and inframammary regions, and can develop fistulas and sinus tracts over time. Its pathogenesis remains elusive and is best characterized at the moment as multi-factorial. Additionally, questions remain about the role of cutaneous dysbiosis as a primary HS trigger or as a secondary perturbation due to HS inflammation. This article features works in relation to HS and its interplay with bacterial microflora. We address current treatment approaches and their impact on HS-related bacteria, as well as areas of therapeutic innovation. In the future, disease-modifying or remittive therapy will likely combine an advanced/targeted anti-inflammatory approach with one that effectively modulates cutaneous and deep tissue dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Damiani
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Italian Centre of Precision Medicine and Chronic Inflammation, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Christopher G Bunick
- Department of Dermatology and Program in Translational Biomedicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Radhakrishna U, Ratnamala U, Jhala DD, Uppala LV, Vedangi A, Saiyed N, Patel M, Vadsaria N, Shah SR, Rawal RM, Mercuri SR, McGonagle D, Jemec GBE, Damiani G. Hidradenitis suppurativa associated telomere-methylome dysregulations in blood. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:393-403. [PMID: 37872100 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic debilitating disease with a significant burden of both organic and psychological comorbidities. It has been shown that certain telomere-related genes (TRGs) affect a wide range of diseases, including HS and its associated comorbidities, but their exact role in HS pathogenesis is still unknown. OBJECTIVES To determine whether TRG methylomes can be used as biomarkers in HS. METHODS Using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array, we examined methylation variations associated with TRGs in HS cases and age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched healthy controls. The study utilized integrated bioinformatics statistical methods, such as a false discovery rate (FDR), the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and principal component analysis. RESULTS There were a total of 585 different differentially methylated CpG sites identified in 585 TRGs associated with HS (474 hypomethylated and 111 hypermethylated) (FDR p-value < 0.05). A number of these CpGs have been identified as being involved in increased pain sensitivity including EPAS1, AHR, CSNK1D, DNMT1, IKBKAP, NOS3, PLCB1 and PRDM16 genes; GABRB3 as a potential alcohol addiction marker; DDB1, NSMCE2 and HNRNPA2B1 associated with cancers. Pathway analysis identified 67 statistically significant pathways, including DNA repair, telomere maintenance, mismatch repair and cell cycle control (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The disruption of TRGs leads to the shortening of telomeres, which is associated with HS progression, ageing, cellular senescence and an increased risk of various diseases, including cancer and associated comorbidities, such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and inflammatory disorders. Further research is necessary to better understand the underlying mechanisms and establish causal links between TRGs and HS. The present study is the first effort to comprehend potential pathomechanisms of sporadic HS cases concentrating on PBMC methylome since ours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uppala Radhakrishna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Uppala Ratnamala
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Lavanya V Uppala
- College of Information Science & Technology, Peter Kiewit Institute, the University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Aaren Vedangi
- Department of Clinical Research, KIMS ICON Hospital, A Unit of ICON Krishi Institute Medical Sciences, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Nazia Saiyed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | - Sushma R Shah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, BJ Medical College Institute of Medical Post-Graduate Studies and Research, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Rakesh M Rawal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Santo R Mercuri
- Unit of Dermatology and Cosmetology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gregor B E Jemec
- Department of Dermatology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Giovanni Damiani
- Unit of Dermatology and Cosmetology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Italian Center of Precision Medicine and Chronic Inflammation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Heidari A, Ghane Y, Heidari N, Sadeghi S, Goodarzi A. A systematic review of Janus kinase inhibitors and spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors for Hidradenitis suppurativa treatment. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111435. [PMID: 38150881 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a challenging skin disease with an underlying inflammatory process. Substantial progress has been made in our understanding of HS over the last few years, with the advancement of novel treatment approaches. The current systematic review aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitors in treating HS. METHOD A thorough systematic search was performed on PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Ovid Embase databases up to September 23th, 2023. Clinical studies published in English were included. RESULTS Our search yielded ten articles with a total of 165 patients treated with four types of JAK inhibitors (upadacitinib, povorcitinib, tofacitinib, and baricitinib) and one Syk inhibitor (fostamatinib). Upadacitinib, povorcitinib, and tofacitinib improved clinical outcomes, with a significant reduction in hidradenitis suppurativa clinical response (HiSCR) and abscess and inflammatory nodule count (AN count) during the treatment period. Also, these drugs are well tolerated in most HS patients with minimal adverse events (AEs). Moreover, baricitinib depicted an amelioration in signs and symptoms of HS in one case report. Also, fostamatinib exhibited favorable tolerability throughout a 12-week in moderate-to-severe HS patients. The remarkable clinical improvement, as assessed through HiSCR and hidradenitis suppurativa severity (IHS4), corresponded closely with serological indicators of inflammation following fostamatinib administration was achieved. CONCLUSION JAK and Syk inhibitors are potentially efficacious in managing moderate-to-severe HS since the proinflammatory cytokines are mediated by JAK and Syk signaling pathways. However, further research with a more rigorous examination is mandatory to evaluate such medication's long-term safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Heidari
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yekta Ghane
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nazila Heidari
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sara Sadeghi
- Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medicine, New York Health System, South Brooklyn Hospital, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
| | - Azadeh Goodarzi
- Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Nardacchione EM, Tricarico PM, Moura R, d’Adamo AP, Thasneem A, Suleman M, Marzano AV, Crovella S, Moltrasio C. Unraveling the Epigenetic Tapestry: Decoding the Impact of Epigenetic Modifications in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Pathogenesis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:38. [PMID: 38254928 PMCID: PMC10815754 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic autoinflammatory skin disorder, which typically occurs during puberty or early adulthood. The pathogenesis of HS is complex and multifactorial; a close interaction between hormonal, genetic, epigenetics factors, host-specific aspects, and environmental influences contributes to the susceptibility, onset, severity, and clinical course of this disease, although the exact molecular mechanisms are still being explored. Epigenetics is currently emerging as an interesting field of investigation that could potentially shed light on the molecular intricacies underlying HS, but there is much still to uncover on the subject. The aim of this work is to provide an overview of the epigenetic landscape involved in HS. Specifically, in this in-depth review we provide a comprehensive overview of DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (such as microRNA-miRNA-132, miRNA-200c, miRNA-30a-3p, miRNA-100-5b, miRNA-155-5p, miRNA-338-5p) dysregulation in HS patients. An interesting element of epigenetic regulation in HS is that the persistent inflammatory milieu observed in HS lesional skin could be exacerbated by an altered methylation profile and histone acetylation pattern associated with key inflammatory genes. Deepening our knowledge on the subject could enable the development of targeted epigenetic therapies to potentially restore normal gene expression patterns, and subsequentially ameliorate, or even reverse, the progression of the disease. By deciphering the epigenetic code governing HS, we strive to usher in a new era of personalized and effective interventions for this enigmatic dermatological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Maria Nardacchione
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.M.N.); (P.M.T.); (R.M.); (A.P.d.)
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.M.N.); (P.M.T.); (R.M.); (A.P.d.)
| | - Ronald Moura
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.M.N.); (P.M.T.); (R.M.); (A.P.d.)
| | - Adamo Pio d’Adamo
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.M.N.); (P.M.T.); (R.M.); (A.P.d.)
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ayshath Thasneem
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.T.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Suleman
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.T.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.T.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
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Liang C, Yu Y, Tang Q, Shen L. Discovering KYNU as a feature gene in hidradenitis suppurativa. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231216317. [PMID: 37997679 PMCID: PMC10668573 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231216317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic auto-inflammatory skin condition characterized by nodules, abscesses, and fistulae in skin folds. The underlying pathogenesis of HS remains unclear, and effective therapeutic drugs are limited. METHODS We acquired mRNA expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and conducted differential expression analysis between control and HS samples using R software. Four machine learning algorithms (SVM, RF, ANN, and lasso) and WCGNA were utilized to identify feature genes. GO, KEGG, Metascape, and GSVA were utilized for the enrichment analysis. CIBERSORT and ssGSEA were employed to analyze immune infiltration. RESULTS A total of 29 DEGs were identified, with the majority showing up-regulation in HS. Enrichment analysis revealed their involvement in immune responses and cytokine activities. KEGG analysis highlighted pathways such as IL-17 signaling, rheumatoid arthritis, and TNF signaling in HS. Immune infiltration analysis revealed the predominant presence of neutrophils, monocytes, and CD8 T cells. Machine learning algorithms and WCGNA identified KYNU as a feature gene associated with HS. We have also identified 59 potential drugs for HS based on the DEGs. Additionally, ceRNA network analysis identified the MUC19_hsa-miR-382-5p_KYNU pathway as a potential regulatory pathway. CONCLUSIONS KYNU emerged as a feature gene associated with HS, and the ceRNA network analysis identified the MUC19_hsa-miR-382-5p_KYNU pathway as a potential regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinyu Tang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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