1
|
Reid JM, Arcese P. Recent immigrants alter the quantitative genetic architecture of paternity in song sparrows. Evol Lett 2020; 4:124-136. [PMID: 32313688 PMCID: PMC7156105 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantifying additive genetic variances and cross‐sex covariances in reproductive traits, and identifying processes that shape and maintain such (co)variances, is central to understanding the evolutionary dynamics of reproductive systems. Gene flow resulting from among‐population dispersal could substantially alter additive genetic variances and covariances in key traits in recipient populations, thereby altering forms of sexual conflict, indirect selection, and evolutionary responses. However, the degree to which genes imported by immigrants do in fact affect quantitative genetic architectures of key reproductive traits and outcomes is rarely explicitly quantified. We applied structured quantitative genetic analyses to multiyear pedigree, pairing, and paternity data from free‐living song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) to quantify the differences in mean breeding values for major sex‐specific reproductive traits, specifically female extra‐pair reproduction and male paternity loss, between recent immigrants and the previously existing population. We thereby quantify effects of natural immigration on the means, variances, and cross‐sex covariance in total additive genetic values for extra‐pair paternity arising within the complex socially monogamous but genetically polygynandrous reproductive system. Recent immigrants had lower mean breeding values for male paternity loss, and somewhat lower values for female extra‐pair reproduction, than the local recipient population, and would therefore increase the emerging degree of reproductive fidelity of social pairings. Furthermore, immigration increased the variances in total additive genetic values for these traits, but decreased the magnitudes of the negative cross‐sex genetic covariation and correlation below those evident in the existing population. Immigration thereby increased the total additive genetic variance but could decrease the magnitude of indirect selection acting on sex‐specific contributions to paternity outcomes. These results demonstrate that dispersal and resulting immigration and gene flow can substantially affect quantitative genetic architectures of complex local reproductive systems, implying that comprehensive theoretical and empirical efforts to understand mating system dynamics will need to incorporate spatial population processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane M Reid
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics NTNU Trondheim Norway.,School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen United Kingdom
| | - Peter Arcese
- Forest & Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wolak ME, Arcese P, Keller LF, Nietlisbach P, Reid JM. Sex‐specific additive genetic variances and correlations for fitness in a song sparrow (
Melospiza melodia
) population subject to natural immigration and inbreeding. Evolution 2018; 72:2057-2075. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E. Wolak
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Aberdeen Aberdeen Scotland
- Department of Biological SciencesAuburn University Auburn Alabama 36849
| | - Peter Arcese
- Department of Forest and Conservation SciencesUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Lukas F. Keller
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH‐8057 Zurich Switzerland
- Zoological MuseumUniversity of Zurich Karl‐Schmid‐Strasse 4 CH‐8006 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Pirmin Nietlisbach
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH‐8057 Zurich Switzerland
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Jane M. Reid
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Aberdeen Aberdeen Scotland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reid JM, Wolak ME. Is there indirect selection on female extra-pair reproduction through cross-sex genetic correlations with male reproductive fitness? Evol Lett 2018; 2:159-168. [PMID: 30283673 PMCID: PMC6121835 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One key hypothesis explaining the evolution and persistence of polyandry, and resulting female extra‐pair reproduction in socially monogamous systems, is that female propensity for extra‐pair reproduction is positively genetically correlated with male reproductive fitness and consequently experiences positive cross‐sex indirect selection. However, key genetic correlations have rarely been estimated, especially in free‐living populations experiencing natural (co)variation in reproductive strategies and fitness. We used long‐term life‐history and pedigree data from song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) to estimate the cross‐sex genetic correlation between female propensity for extra‐pair reproduction and adult male lifetime reproductive success, and thereby test a key hypothesis regarding mating system evolution. There was substantial additive genetic variance in both traits, providing substantial potential for indirect selection on female reproductive strategy. However, the cross‐sex genetic correlation was estimated to be close to zero. Such small correlations might arise because male reproductive success achieved through extra‐pair paternity was strongly positively genetically correlated with success achieved through within‐pair paternity, implying that the same successful males commonly sire offspring produced by polyandrous and monogamous females. Cross‐sex indirect selection may consequently have limited capacity to drive evolution of female extra‐pair reproduction, or hence underlying polyandry, in systems where multiple routes to paternity success exist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane M Reid
- School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen United Kingdom
| | - Matthew E Wolak
- School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen United Kingdom.,Department of Biological Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama 36849
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abbey‐Lee RN, Araya‐Ajoy YG, Mouchet A, Moiron M, Stuber EF, Kempenaers B, Dingemanse NJ. Does perceived predation risk affect patterns of extra‐pair paternity? A field experiment in a passerine bird. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin N. Abbey‐Lee
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of VariationMax Planck Institute for Ornithology Seewiesen Germany
| | - Yimen G. Araya‐Ajoy
- Center for Biodiversity DynamicsNorwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway
| | - Alexia Mouchet
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of VariationMax Planck Institute for Ornithology Seewiesen Germany
| | - Maria Moiron
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of VariationMax Planck Institute for Ornithology Seewiesen Germany
| | - Erica F. Stuber
- School of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln NE USA
| | - Bart Kempenaers
- Department of Behavioral Ecology and Evolutionary GeneticsMax Planck Institute for Ornithology Seewiesen Germany
| | - Niels J. Dingemanse
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of VariationMax Planck Institute for Ornithology Seewiesen Germany
- Behavioural EcologyDepartment of BiologyLudwig‐Maximilians University of Munich Planegg‐Martinsried Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Losdat S, Germain RR, Nietlisbach P, Arcese P, Reid JM. No evidence of inbreeding depression in sperm performance traits in wild song sparrows. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:1842-1852. [PMID: 29435258 PMCID: PMC5792576 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inbreeding is widely hypothesized to shape mating systems and population persistence, but such effects will depend on which traits show inbreeding depression. Population and evolutionary consequences could be substantial if inbreeding decreases sperm performance and hence decreases male fertilization success and female fertility. However, the magnitude of inbreeding depression in sperm performance traits has rarely been estimated in wild populations experiencing natural variation in inbreeding. Further, the hypothesis that inbreeding could increase within-ejaculate variation in sperm traits and thereby further affect male fertilization success has not been explicitly tested. We used a wild pedigreed song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) population, where frequent extrapair copulations likely create strong postcopulatory competition for fertilization success, to quantify effects of male coefficient of inbreeding (f) on key sperm performance traits. We found no evidence of inbreeding depression in sperm motility, longevity, or velocity, and the within-ejaculate variance in sperm velocity did not increase with male f. Contrary to inferences from highly inbred captive and experimental populations, our results imply that moderate inbreeding will not necessarily constrain sperm performance in wild populations. Consequently, the widely observed individual-level and population-level inbreeding depression in male and female fitness may not stem from reduced sperm performance in inbred males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Losdat
- Institute of Biological and Environmental SciencesSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenScotland
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of NeuchâtelNeuchâtelSwitzerland
| | - Ryan R. Germain
- Institute of Biological and Environmental SciencesSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenScotland
| | - Pirmin Nietlisbach
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Peter Arcese
- Department of Forest and Conservation SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Jane M. Reid
- Institute of Biological and Environmental SciencesSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenScotland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Reitsma LR, Jukosky JA, Kimiatek AJ, Goodnow ML, Hallworth MT. Extra-pair paternity in a long-distance migratory songbird beyond neighbors’ borders and across male age classes. CAN J ZOOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2016-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Roughly 90% of socially monogamous bird species exhibit some degree of extra-pair paternity (EPP), although the extent and the underlying mechanisms vary among species. We analyzed spatial and demographic patterns of EPP over a 6 year period (2005–2010) as part of a long-term population study of Canada Warblers (Cardellina canadensis (L., 1766)). We identified 12 microsatellite loci used to assess paternity for 185 nestlings from 61 nests. Extra-pair young (EPY) accounted for 41.6% of all nestlings and 57.4% of nests contained at least one EPY. Fewer than half of EPY were sired by males who shared territorial boundaries, and some males sired young in nests 1 km from their territory. The age of social males did not differ from males who cuckolded them. The majority (83%) of EPY were sired by males in older age classes (2+ years old), while <17% were sired by 1 year olds. Of the young sired by older males, 58.5% were sired by males 3–7 years old. Males that sired more EPY sired fewer within-pair young (WPY); those without EPY sired more WPY suggesting a possible fitness trade-off between these two strategies. Our findings suggest multiple age-based strategies within a single breeding population, as well as potential strategy shifts to maximize lifetime fitness as they age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard R. Reitsma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Plymouth State University, Plymouth, NH 03264, USA
| | - James A. Jukosky
- Department of Natural Sciences, Colby Sawyer College, New London, NH 03257, USA
| | - Alexi J. Kimiatek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Plymouth State University, Plymouth, NH 03264, USA
| | - Marrisa L. Goodnow
- Department of Biological Sciences, Plymouth State University, Plymouth, NH 03264, USA
| | - Michael T. Hallworth
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Migratory Bird Center, Washington, DC 20008, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kaiser SA, Risk BB, Sillett TS, Webster MS. Ecological and Social Factors Constrain Spatial and Temporal Opportunities for Mating in a Migratory Songbird. Am Nat 2017; 189:283-296. [DOI: 10.1086/690203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
8
|
Araya-Ajoy YG, Kuhn S, Mathot KJ, Mouchet A, Mutzel A, Nicolaus M, Wijmenga JJ, Kempenaers B, Dingemanse NJ. Sources of (co)variation in alternative siring routes available to male great tits (Parus major). Evolution 2016; 70:2308-2321. [PMID: 27470488 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Males of socially monogamous species can increase their siring success via within-pair and extra-pair fertilizations. In this study, we focused on the different sources of (co)variation between these siring routes, and asked how each contributes to total siring success. We quantified the fertilization routes to siring success, as well as behaviors that have been hypothesized to affect siring success, over a five-year period for a wild population of great tits Parus major. We considered siring success and its fertilization routes as "interactive phenotypes" arising from phenotypic contributions of both members of the social pair. We show that siring success is strongly affected by the fecundity of the social (female) partner. We also demonstrate that a strong positive correlation between extra-pair fertilization success and paternity loss likely constrains the evolution of these two routes. Moreover, we show that more explorative and aggressive males had less extra-pair fertilizations, whereas more explorative females laid larger clutches. This study thus demonstrates that (co)variation in siring routes is caused by multiple factors not necessarily related to characteristics of males. We thereby highlight the importance of acknowledging the multilevel structure of male fertilization routes when studying the evolution of male mating strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimen G Araya-Ajoy
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of Variation, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany. .,Department of Behavioral Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany. .,Current Address: Center for Biodiversity Dynamics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Sylvia Kuhn
- Department of Behavioral Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Kimberley J Mathot
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of Variation, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.,Current Address: Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Department of Coastal Studies (COS), Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, the Netherlands
| | - Alexia Mouchet
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of Variation, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Ariane Mutzel
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of Variation, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.,Current Address: Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Marion Nicolaus
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of Variation, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.,Current Address: Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan J Wijmenga
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of Variation, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Bart Kempenaers
- Department of Behavioral Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Niels J Dingemanse
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of Variation, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.,Behavioural Ecology, Department of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Losdat S, Arcese P, Sampson L, Villar N, Reid JM. Additive genetic variance and effects of inbreeding, sex and age on heterophil to lymphocyte ratio in song sparrows. Funct Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Losdat
- School of Biological Sciences Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Tillydrone Avenue Zoology Building Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Baltzerstrasse 6 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Peter Arcese
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia 2424 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Laura Sampson
- Grupo de Investigación en Ecología Animal Universidad del Valle Calle 13 N.# 100‐00 Cali Colombia
| | - Nacho Villar
- School of Biological Sciences Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Tillydrone Avenue Zoology Building Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK
| | - Jane M. Reid
- School of Biological Sciences Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Tillydrone Avenue Zoology Building Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Araya-Ajoy YG, Dingemanse NJ, Kempenaers B. Timing of extrapair fertilizations: within-pair fertilization trade-offs or pair synchrony spillovers? Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
11
|
Losdat S, Arcese P, Reid JM. Double decomposition: decomposing the variance in subcomponents of male extra-pair reproductive success. J Anim Ecol 2015; 84:1384-95. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Losdat
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences; School of Biological Sciences; Zoology Building; University of Aberdeen; Tillydrone Avenue Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK
| | - Peter Arcese
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences; University of British Columbia; 2424 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Jane M. Reid
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences; School of Biological Sciences; Zoology Building; University of Aberdeen; Tillydrone Avenue Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hsu YH, Schroeder J, Winney I, Burke T, Nakagawa S. Are extra-pair males different from cuckolded males? A case study and a meta-analytic examination. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:1558-71. [PMID: 25706253 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Traditional models for female extra-pair matings assume that females benefit indirectly from extra-pair mating behaviour. Under these so-called adaptive models, extra-pair males are hypothesized to have more compatible genotypes, larger body size, exaggerated ornaments or to be older than cuckolded males. Alternatively, ('nonadaptive') models that consider female extra-pair matings to be a by-product posit that female extra-pair mating can be maintained even if there is no benefit to females. This could happen if, for example, males gained fitness benefits from extra-pair mating, while female and male extra-pair mating behaviours were genetically correlated. Extra-pair males are also expected to be older and larger if this improves their ability to convince or coerce females to mate. We investigated whether a female's extra-pair mates differed from her cuckolded mate in both genetic and phenotypic traits by analysing data from an insular house sparrow population. We found that extra-pair males were older than cuckolded males, consistent with both models. However, in contrast to the expectations from from adaptive models, extra-pair and cuckolded males were of similar genetic relatedness, and hence expected compatibility, with the female, and had comparable body size and secondary sexual traits. We also updated previous meta-analyses examining differences between extra-pair and cuckolded males. The meta-analytic results matched results from our house sparrow case study. Although we cannot completely exclude indirect benefits for females, nonadaptive models may better explain female extra-pair matings. These neglected alternative models deserve more research attention, and this should improve our understanding of the evolution of mating systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsun Hsu
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|